Lightning protection for electric systems and loads … · Lightning protection for electric...
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Lightning protection for electric systems and loads Protective measures to prevent damage caused by over-voltage Global lightning strikes What causes the majority of faults in electronic devices? How and why does over-voltage affect the apparatus? Why is it best to protect electronic equipment? Which are the most effective protective measures? What are SPDs and how do they work? The economic damage caused by over-voltage is comparable to the one caused by theft of private property. But the damage is not just economic SPDs are protective devices that divert the surge or impulse current and limit over-voltage toward load installed downstream. They are the most suitable and effective protective devices against direct and indirect lightning strikes in buildings and incoming lines. Lightning strikes the Earth 100 times a second Up to 5,000 storms occur around the world at any given moment 100x 10x 4x 30,000°C Up to 350,000 A and hundreds of millions of Volts Up to A V LEVEL OF IMMUNITY RATED VOLTAGE 0 X 20 X MAX WITHSTAND CAPACITY F a u l t y o p e r a t i o n S e r i o u s d a m a g e Level of Damage 61% 15% 6% 6% 12% The electronic devices are more and more sensitive Networks are becoming more complex Consumer electronics are used profusely in people's homes Increasing dependency by Data Processing Systems Loss of operation Loss of data Loss of production Loss of cultural heritage Loss of public services Loss of human life Plant design Shielding (Faraday cage) Transformers Filters SPD Surge arresters CAN ALSO BE USED REASONABLE COST Without SPD With SPD Over-voltage reaches the surge arrester, which diverts the surge current towards earth. The over-voltage is limited to an acceptable level for the downstream load. The equipment is protected and damage prevented. Over-voltage reaches the electrical equipment. If the over-voltage exceeds the impulse withstand voltage of the electric equipment, there is nothing to stop the impulse current from propagating through the device and damaging it. Network system failures Over-voltage Short circuits Accidents Not known Repressive measures Preventive measures Why are the damages to electronic apparatus increasing? 0.1 0.4 1.4 5 20 70 Lightning flashes (per km² per year) Lightning is not uniformly distributed across the Earth Much more lightning occurs over land because daily sunshine heats it up faster than the ocean. More hot air leads to stronger convection, thunderstorms, and lightning. More lightning occurs near the equator because warmer than the poles. Sources http://geology.com/articles/lightning-map.shtml http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distribution_of_lightning SPD Surge arresters Advantages CAN ALSO BE USED IN EXISTING INSTALLATIONS SIMPLE SELECTION REASONABLE COST
Transcript of Lightning protection for electric systems and loads … · Lightning protection for electric...
Lightning protection for electric systems and loadsProtective measures to prevent damage caused by over-voltage
Global lightning strikes
What causesthe majority of faultsin electronic devices?
How and whydoes over-voltage affect
the apparatus?
Why is it best to protectelectronic equipment?
Which are the most effective protective measures?
What are SPDs and how do they work?
The economic damage caused by over-voltageis comparable to the one caused by theft of private property.
But the damage is not just economic
SPDs are protective devices that divert the surge or impulse currentand limit over-voltage toward load installed downstream.
They are the most suitable and effective protective devices against direct and indirect lightning strikes in buildings and incoming lines.
Lightning strikesthe Earth100 times
a second
Up to5,000 stormsoccur around the worldat any given moment
100x
10x4x
30,000°CUp to
350,000 Aand hundreds of millions of Volts
Up to
A V
LEVEL OFIMMUNITY
RATEDVOLTAGE
0X
20XMAX
WITHSTANDCAPACITY
Faul
ty o
peration Serious damage
Level ofDamage61%
15%
6%
6%
12%
The electronicdevices
are more andmore sensitive
Networksare becomingmore complex
Consumerelectronics
are used profuselyin people's homes
Increasingdependency by
Data ProcessingSystems
Lossof operation
Lossof data
Lossof production
Loss ofculturalheritage
Loss ofpublic
services
Loss ofhuman life
Plant design
Shielding (Faraday cage)
Transformers
Filters
SPDSurge arresters
Advantages
CAN ALSO BE USEDIN EXISTINGINSTALLATIONS
SIMPLE SELECTION
REASONABLE COST
Without SPD With SPD
Over-voltage reaches the surge arrester,which diverts the surge current towards earth.
The over-voltage is limitedto an acceptable level
for the downstream load.
The equipment is protectedand damage prevented.
Over-voltage reachesthe electrical equipment.
If the over-voltage exceedsthe impulse withstand voltage
of the electric equipment,there is nothing to stop the impulse current
from propagating through the deviceand damaging it.
Networksystemfailures
Over-voltageShort
circuits
Accidents
Not known
Repressive measures
Preventive measures
Why are the damagesto electronic apparatus increasing?
0.1 0.4 1.4 5 20 70
Lightning flashes (per km² per year)
Lightning is not uniformlydistributed across the Earth
Much more lightningoccurs over land
because daily sunshine heats it upfaster than the ocean.
More hot air leads tostronger convection,
thunderstorms,and lightning.
More lightning occursnear the equator
because warmerthan the poles.
Sources
http://geology.com/articles/lightning-map.shtmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distribution_of_lightning
Lightning protection for electric systems and loadsProtective measures to prevent damage caused by over-voltage
Global lightning strikes
What causesthe majority of faultsin electronic devices?
How and whydoes over-voltage affect
the apparatus?
Why is it best to protectelectronic equipment?
Which are the most effective protective measures?
What are SPDs and how do they work?
The economic damage caused by over-voltageis comparable to that caused by theft of private property.
But the damage is not just economic
SPDs are protective devices that divert the surge or impulse currentand limit over-voltage toward load installed downstream.
They are the most suitable and effective protective devices against direct and indirect lightning strikes in buildings and incoming lines.
Lightning strikesthe Earth100 times
a second
Up to5,000 stormsoccur around the worldat any given moment
100x
10x4x
30,000°CUp to
350,000 Aand hundreds of millions of Volts
Up to
A V
LEVEL OFIMMUNITY
RATEDVOLTAGE
0X
20XMAX
WITHSTANDCAPACITY
Faul
ty o
peration Serious damage
Level ofDamage61%
15%
6%
6%
12%
The electronicdevices
are increasinglymore sensitive
Networksare becomingmore complex
Consumerelectronics
are used profuselyin people's homes
Increasingdependency by
Data ProcessingSystems
Lossof operation
Lossof data
Lossof production
Loss ofculturalheritage
Loss ofpublic
services
Loss ofhuman life
Plant design
Shielding (Faraday cage)
Transformers
Filters
SPDSurge arresters
Advantages
CAN ALSO BE USEDIN EXISTINGINSTALLATIONS
SIMPLE SELECTION
REASONABLE COST
Without SPD With SPD
Over-voltage reaches the surge arrester,which diverts the surge current towards earth.
The over-voltage is limitedto an acceptable level
for the downstream load.
The equipment is protectedand damage prevented.
Over-voltage reachesthe electric equipment.
If the over-voltage exceedsthe impulse withstand voltage
of the electric equipment,there is nothing to stop the impulse current
from propagating through the deviceand damaging it.
Networksystemfailures
Over-voltage
Short circuits
Accidents
Not known
Repressive measures
Preventive measures
Why are the damagesto electronic apparatus increasing?
0.1 0.4 1.4 5 20 70
Lightning flashes (per km² per year)
Lightning is not uniformlydistributed across the Earth
Much more lightningoccurs over land
because daily sunshine heats it upfaster than the ocean.
More hot air leads tostronger convection,
thunderstorms,and lightning.
More lightning occursnear the equator
because is warmerthan the poles.
www.fulmini.itwww.lightningmaps.org/blitzortung/europe/index.php?bo_page=statistics&lang=it
Sources
For info and advice, www.abb.it/lowvoltage , @ABB_SACE , ABB SACE
http://goo.gl/gJXyahttp://geology.com/articles/lightning-map.shtml http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distribution_of_lightning
