Life Span Chapter 2: Culture. Culture Learned patterns of behavior Thinking Decisions Actions.
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Transcript of Life Span Chapter 2: Culture. Culture Learned patterns of behavior Thinking Decisions Actions.
Life Span
Chapter 2: Culture
Culture
• Learned patterns of behavior
• Thinking• Decisions• Actions
What is Culture?
• Shared– Beliefs– Values– Ideas– Doctrine
Culture
•Culture
Health
Influences
Cultural Awareness
CULTURE
Values
Reaction to Death
Male / Female roles
Diet
Child rearing
Pain perception
Reaction to Stress
Is the USA
A.A melting potB.Salad bowl
Heterogeneous
• Consists of many ethnic groups.
Beliefs
• Truths held by a culture
Values
• Deep feelings that determine what is considered good or bad.
Norms
• Society accepted rules
Folkways
• Greeting customs
Laws
• Written policies enforced by govt.
Mores
• Strong moral beliefs
Sanctions
• Social remedies for violating any norms
Symbols
• Language, gestures, objects used to communicate
Race
• Similar physical characteristics
Ethnicity
• Shared cultural heritage
Ethnocentric
• Belief that your culture is better than another
Stereotyping• Fixed, over generalized belief
about a group
Transcultural nursing
• Cultural competence• Cultural awareness• Cultural sensitivity
Hispanic
• Largest• Fastest growing
Hispanic
• Head of the family…–Man
• Personal space–Close when
talking
Hispanic
• Direct eye contact–Avoided–Evil eye
• Religion–Strong –Catholic
Hispanic
• Health care–Home remedies–Folk healing–Doctor makes decisions
Hispanic• Most common disease–Diabetes–Hypertension–Lactose intolerance
Native Americans
• Elders –Respected
• Talking loud–Rude
• Eye contact–Unacceptable
Native Americans
• Respect for –The earth
• Child care–Babies touched less
Native Americans
• Common diseases–Heart disease–Diabetes–Lactose intolerance
African Americans
• Eye contact–Aggressive
• Family organization–Matriarchal
• Distrust –Health care
African Americans• Common diseases–Hypertension–Cancer–Stroke–Diabetes–Kidney disease–Liver disease
Europeans Americans
• Speech–Loud
• Eye contact–Essential
• Touching–Less accepted
European Americans
• Common diseased–Cancer –Leukemia
Asian Americans
• Communication–Quiet
• Eye contact–Disrespectful
• Touch–Only between same gender
• Health–Ying / Yang
• Common disease–Lactose intolerance–Hypertension–Liver cancer–Stomach cancer
“A group of people who share and are unified by experiences and background based on such
factors as socioeconomic status, religion, education and residence.”
A. CultureB. Ethnic groupC. EthnocentrismD. PrejudiceE. Race
“Belief that their own cultural group’s beliefs and values are the only acceptable ones”
A. CultureB. Ethnic groupC. EthnocentrismD. PrejudiceE. Race
“Is the learned behavior, values, beliefs, norms, and practices shared by a particular group of
people that guide their thinking, decisions and actions”
A. CultureB. Ethnic groupC. EthnocentrismD. PrejudiceE. Race
“The act or state of holding unreasonable preconceived judgments
or convictions.”
A. CultureB. Ethnic groupC. EthnocentrismD. PrejudiceE. Race
5. “To identify differences in physical characteristics, such as skin color, eye shape
and bone structure.”
A. CultureB. Ethnic groupC. EthnocentrismD. PrejudiceE. Race
Culture / Race / Ethnic group / Prejudice
• Culture: – “Is the learned behavior, values,
beliefs, norms, and practices shared by a particular group of people that guide their thinking, decisions and actions”
• Race: – “To identify differences in physical
characteristics, such as skin color, eye shape and bone structure.”
• Ethnic group: – “A group of people who share and
are unified by experiences and background based on such factors as socioeconomic status, religion, education and residence.”
• Prejudice– “The act or state of
holding unreasonable preconceived judgments or convictions.”
• Ethnocentrism: – “Belief that their own
cultural group’s beliefs and values are the only acceptable ones”
Nation of origin: Asian
• Communication–National - dialects–Silence / Non-verbal
• Space–Non contact
• Time–Present
Nation of origin: Asian
• Social Orientation–Family: hierarchical –Community > self
• Environmental control–Traditional medicine
• Biologic Variations–Liver & stomach CA; HTN; lactose
intolerance
Nation of origin: African
• Communication–Dialects
• Space–Close personal space
• Time–Present over future
Nation of origin: African
• Social Orientation–Many single parents– Large extended family–Church
• Environmental control–Traditional medicine
• Biologic Variations– Sickle cell anemia; HTN; lactose intolerance,
Stomach CA
Nation of origin: European
• Communication–National + English
• Space–Noncontact; Aloof
• Time–Future over present
Nation of origin: European
• Social Orientation–Nuclear family
• Environmental control–Modern medicine
• Biologic Variations–Breast CA; heart disease; Diabetes
Nation of origin: Native American
• Communication–Tribal–Silence and body language
• Space–VERY important
• Time–Present
Nation of origin: Native American
• Social Orientation–FAMILY–Respect & traditions
• Environmental control–Traditional healing
• Biologic Variations–Heart disease, diabetes, Cirrhosis of the liver
Nation of origin: Hispanic
• Communication–Spanish/Portuguese
• Space–Touch
• Time–Present
Nation of origin: Hispanic
• Social Orientation–Family nuclear + extended
• Environmental control–Traditional medicine
• Biologic Variations–Diabetes, lactose intolerance
• “People of every culture have the right to have their cultural values known, respected, and addressed appropriately”
• The nurse must be …– Sensitive– Aware– Respectful
6 cultural characteristic
• Communication• Space• Social orientation
• Time• Environmental control• Biological variations
Religious Care Consideration
• Islam: –Prayers – washing,
privacy–Caregivers same
gender– Food: Do not eat
pork or alcohol– Fasting: Ramadan
Religious Care Consideration
• Judaism– Sabbath (Friday
night – Saturday night) avoid activities– Food: Kosher (not
milk + meat); NO PORK
Religious Care Consideration
• Hinduism–Vegetarian–No BEEF – (Cows
are sacred)
Religious Care Consideration
• Catholic:–No meat on Friday–Religious icons–Anointment for
healing, and when death imminent
Religious Care Consideration
• The Church of Jesus Christ of LDS/Mormon–No tea, coffee,
alcohol–Wear special
underclothing
• Methodist– On request clergy
anoint with oil
• Lutheran – On request clergy
anoint with oil
Religious Care Consideration
• Assemblies of God–May seek divine
healing thought prayer and laying on of hands
Religious Care Consideration
• Jehovah’s Witness–No blood
transfusions–Do not observe
national / religious holidays
Religious Care Consideration
• 7th day Adventist–No caffeine, pork,
shell fish,–Many vegetarian–Sabbath is on
Saturday
Religious Care Consideration
• Christian Science –Gen. do not seek
traditional medical treatment–Avoid immunizations
on religious grounds
Cultural influences
• Technological• Religious &
philosophical• Kinship and social• Cultural values and life-
ways• Political and legal• Economic• Educational
Homework
• Read–Key words–Learning objectives–Review questions
• Lecture notes
Test
• Reading & lecture