Life before the Industrial Revolution. Macroconcepts Change Generates more change Occurs amidst...
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Transcript of Life before the Industrial Revolution. Macroconcepts Change Generates more change Occurs amidst...
![Page 1: Life before the Industrial Revolution. Macroconcepts Change Generates more change Occurs amidst continuities Is inevitable in all systems System Is.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bf761a28abf838c80ebc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Life before the Industrial Revolution
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Macroconcepts Change
Generates more change Occurs amidst continuities Is inevitable in all systems
System Is made up of interdependent units
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Key Understandings Ideas can have positive and negative
impact on society Specific conditions have to be in place for
significant changes to occur Progress can be received with acceptance
or resistance Progress does not necessarily bring about
positive outcomes or consequences A revolution is a process of change with
profound consequences
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Phases We RememberPre-Industrial Industrial Post-Industrial
Pre-19th century 19th century Late 20th century
Home Factory No fixed location
Seasonal Clock Time 24/7
Hand Machines Gadgets
Labour intensive Capital intensive Information intensive
Village Towns & Cities Borderless
Static Mobile Fluid
Piece goods Manufactured goods Services
Industrial Revolution
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Where people lived ….
Most people lived in the country. In England 75% of the population
lived in rural areas or small villages in 1700.
Cities were few in number and the population was modest.
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Where people lived Since there was limited development
in farming methods, it was necessary for the majority of the people to live in the country in order to produce enough food for the population.
Most families farmed on small plots of land that were controlled by large land owners who were often members of the nobility.
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Feudal Common Field System
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How people travelled …..
People had little or no contact with anybody outside their village (lived very isolated lives).
Roads were poor and dangerous, so people rarely traveled beyond their home villages.
News of events in the outside world arrived slowly and sporadically.
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How people travelled
The small villages that dotted the countryside were centres of life for the majority.
Few people ever left the area of their birth.
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Jobs people did …… Life was basically farming. Family produced enough goods for their own
use. Craft workers worked on a local level –
making and mending things for their neighbours – cottage industries
Farming did not produce year-round employment.
Supplemented their income by doing other work like weaving or selling fruits at the market.
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Farming Look at the kind
of implements used – iron hoe and horse-pulled plows
There was no mechanization.
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Dutch Vegetable Market
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Proto-Industrialisation People did work by hand, sometimes
windmills, watermills and horses or oxen provided the extra power.
Many would weave cloth at home. Weaving of cloth was tedious work but it
provided a valuable income for many families.
It was convenient work as it was done at home and at a pace desired by the worker.
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Proto-Industrialisation People would make cloth during the week
and sold it on Saturday at the local market place.
Those who could not afford the raw materials, would be given by a businessman, who collected and paid for the finished product by the end of the week.
This was called cottage industry as all the work was done in a family’s cottage home.
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Proto-Industrialisation
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Proto-Industrialisation
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“Outsourcing” Main feature of the Domestic system is
that cloth was manufactured in cottages with all the family taking part
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Proto-Industrialisation:Cottage Industry
The youngest daughter would clean and brushed (comb) the cotton between two carding brushes to straighten the fibres.
Mother and elder daughter did the spinning.
Father weaved cloth on the handloom. (usually done by man)
Grandmother wound thread.
Son minded the baby in the cradle.
Tub was used to collect the family’s urine, which they sold to the local fulling mill, where it was used to bleach the woven cloth.
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Apprentices at their looms
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Proto-Industrialisation Pre-condition of industrialisation “Outsourcing” jobs to households Workshop method Was it efficient?