LG0023 Learner Guide TLID1001 - Nationwide Training Pty Ltd · 1.9 Manual handling procedures for...
Transcript of LG0023 Learner Guide TLID1001 - Nationwide Training Pty Ltd · 1.9 Manual handling procedures for...
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TLID1001 Shift materials safely using manual handling methods Learner Guide
LG0023 3 24/04/2019
TLID1001 Shift materials safely using manual handling
methods
LEARNER GUIDE
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TABLEOF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................................................................... 3
UNIT INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 5
ABOUT THIS RESOURCE ...................................................................................................................................... 5 ABOUT ASSESSMENT .......................................................................................................................................... 5
ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA ..................................................................................................... 7
PERFORMANCE EVIDENCE AND KNOWLEDGE EVIDENCE ................................................................................ 9
PERFORMANCE EVIDENCE ................................................................................................................................. 9 KNOWLEDGE EVIDENCE ................................................................................................................................... 10
ASSESSMENT CONDITIONS .......................................................................................................................... 11
PRE‐REQUISITES .......................................................................................................................................... 11
TOPIC 1 – ASSESS RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH RELOCATING LOAD ................................................................... 12
PRODUCTS, GOODS OR MATERIALS TO BE RELOCATED ARE IDENTIFIED AND ASSESSED TO DETERMINE
APPROPRIATE RELOCATION METHOD ......................................................................................................... 12
SAFE MANUAL HANDLING TECHNIQUES ...................................................................................................................... 12 IDENTYFYING THE MANUAL HANDLING COMPONENTS OF A TASK ..................................................................................... 12 TASK BREAKDOWN ................................................................................................................................................ 13
STORAGE LOCATIONS ARE DETERMINED AND POTENTIAL ROUTES TO BE FOLLOWED ARE IDENTIFIED ......... 13
SITE LAYOUT AND OBSTACLES .................................................................................................................................. 13 WORKPLACE LAYOUT ............................................................................................................................................. 13
Hierachy of control ...................................................................................................................................... 14 ASSESS CONTROLS ................................................................................................................................................. 15 ANALYSE WORK TASKS ........................................................................................................................................... 15
Modifications to work tasks ........................................................................................................................ 15 Advantages and disadvantages of different options .................................................................................. 15
RELEVANT WHS/OHS PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINES CONCERNING THE MANUAL LIFTING AND MOVEMENT OF LOADS ............. 16 HOW DO YOU USE MANUAL HANDLING AIDS AND EQUIPMENT? ...................................................................................... 17 MANUAL HANDLING AIDS ........................................................................................................................................ 17 APPLYING MANUAL LIFTING AIDS IN THE WORKPLACE ................................................................................................... 18
EFFECT OF LOAD RELOCATION ON ORIGINAL LOAD BASE IS PREDICTED & POINTS OF BALANCE ARE
ESTIMATED ................................................................................................................................................. 18
WHAT IS A HAZARD? ............................................................................................................................................. 19 WHAT IS A RISK? ................................................................................................................................................... 19 RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH MANUAL LIFTING AND HANDLING ............................................................................................ 20
REQUIRED CLEARANCES ARE COMPARED TO AVAILABLE SPACE AND ADJUSTMENTS ARE MADE TO MOVING
LOADS TO REFLECT REQUIRED CLEARANCE .................................................................................................. 20
CLEAR A PATH ...................................................................................................................................................... 20 PREPARE THE DESTINATION .................................................................................................................................... 20
EFFECTS OF MOVING CONTENTS, WHICH MAY BE LOOSE, LIQUID, DANGEROUS OR HAZARDOUS, ARE
CONSIDERED SIZE TO WEIGHT RATIO OF ITEMS TO BE MANUALLY HANDLED ARE IDENTIFIED ...................... 21
RISKS IN POTENTIAL ROUTES ARE CONSIDERED ........................................................................................... 21
MANUAL HANDLING RISK ACTIVITIES ......................................................................................................................... 21
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MANUAL HANDLING ACTIVITIES THAT ARE CONSIDERED HIGH RISK ................................................................................... 22 HAZARD AND INCIDENT REPORTING PROCEDURES ........................................................................................................ 22
RISKS TO SELF ARE IDENTIFIED ARISING FROM THE REQUIRED LIFTING, LOAD CARRYING, SET DOWN OR
MOVEMENT OF THE GOODS ........................................................................................................................ 23
RISK ASSESSMENT ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITY ............................................................................................... 23 TYPES OF INJURIES THAT CAN RESULT FROM MANUAL HANDLING .................................................................................... 23 RISK ASSESSMENTS ............................................................................................................................................... 23 SAFE LIFTING PRINCIPLES ......................................................................................................................................... 24 REDUCING REPETITIVE MOVEMENT ........................................................................................................................... 25 SOURCES OF ADVICE ON MANUAL HANDLING RELEVANT TO WORK FUNCTION .................................................................... 25 LEGISLATION ........................................................................................................................................................ 25 INDUSTRY CODES OF PRACTICE ................................................................................................................................ 25 NATIONAL STANDARDS .......................................................................................................................................... 26
MANUAL HANDLING PROCEDURES FOR LIFTING, LOWERING AND CARRYING, PUSHING AND PULLING ARE
IDENTIFIED & TEAM LIFTING PROCESSES ARE CONSIDERED WHEN MOVING LOADS ..................................... 26
APPROPRIATE PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT IS DETERMINED ........................................................... 28
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH CLOTHING, FOOTWEAR OR PPE ............................................................................................... 28 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT .......................................................................................................................... 28 SELECTING APPROPRIATE PPE .................................................................................................................................. 28
TOPIC 2 – PLAN LOAD RELOCATION ............................................................................................................. 29
RELOCATION OF THE LOAD IS PLANNED, CONSISTENT WITH THE CODE OF PRACTICE FOR MANUAL HANDLING
AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE RISK ASSESSMENT & PROCESS FOR RELOCATING LOAD IS PROPOSED
INCLUDING PREDICTING AND PLANNING FOR POTENTIAL DIFFICULTIES ....................................................... 29
PROPOSED PROCESS IS CHECKED FOR COMPLIANCE WITH CODE OF PRACTICE AND WORKPLACE
PROCEDURES .............................................................................................................................................. 30
TOPIC 3 – RELOCATE LOAD .......................................................................................................................... 31
ACTIONS FOR LIFTING, LOWERING AND CARRYING, PULLING AND PUSHING A LOAD ARE IN ACCORDANCE
WITH WORKPLACE PROCEDURES AND WHS/OHS REQUIREMENTS .............................................................. 31
HOUSEKEEPING STANDARDS AND PROCEDURES ........................................................................................................... 33
APPLICATIONS APPROPRIATE FOR TEAM RELOCATION OF LOAD ARE IDENTIFIED & TEAM LIFTING TASKS ARE
COORDINATED ............................................................................................................................................ 33
LIFTING HEAVY OBJECTS .......................................................................................................................................... 34
PLANNED PROCESS AND ROUTE ARE FOLLOWED ......................................................................................... 34
RELOCATED MATERIALS ARE SET DOWN WITHOUT DAMAGE TO GOODS, PERSONNEL OR EQUIPMENT AND
ARE CHECKED FOR STABILITY & RELOCATION IS CHECKED TO SEE IT MEETS WORK REQUIREMENTS AND
VARIANCE/S ARE REPORTED ....................................................................................................................... 34
SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................................. 35
REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................................ 35
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UNIT INTRODUCTION
ThisresourcecoverstheunitTLID1001Shiftmaterialssafelyusingmanualhandlingmethods.
Thisunitinvolvestheskillsandknowledgerequiredtoshiftloadssafelyusingmanualhandlingmethods.Workmustbecarriedoutincompliancewiththerelevantworkhealthandsafety(WHS)/occupationalhealthandsafety(OHS)regulationsconcerningthemanualhandlingandmovementofloads.
Itincludesassessingtherisksassociatedwithrelocatingtheload,planningtherelocationprocessandcarryingouttherelocationinaccordancewiththeplan.
Workisperformedundersomesupervisiongenerallywithinateamenvironment.
Nolicensing,legislativeorcertificationrequirementsapplytothisunitatthetimeofpublication.
ABOUTTHISRESOURCE
Thisresourcebringstogetherinformationtodevelopyourknowledgeaboutthisunit.Theinformationisdesignedtoreflecttherequirementsoftheunitandusesheadingstomakesiteasiertofollow.
Readthroughthisresourcetodevelopyourknowledgeinpreparationforyourassessment.Youwillberequiredtocompletetheassessmenttoolsthatareincludedinyourprogram.Atthebackoftheresourcearealistofreferencesyoumayfindusefultoreview.
Asastudentitisimportanttoextendyourlearningandtosearchouttextbooks,internetsites,talktopeopleatworkandreadnewspaperarticlesandjournalswhichcanprovideadditionallearningmaterial.
Yourtrainermayincludeadditionalinformationandprovideactivities,slidepresentations,andassessmentsinclasstosupportyourlearning.
ABOUTASSESSMENT
Throughoutyourtrainingwearecommittedtoyourlearningbyprovidingatrainingandassessmentframeworkthatensurestheknowledgegainedthroughtrainingistranslatedintopracticalonthejobimprovements.
Youaregoingtobeassessedfor: Yourskillsandknowledgeusingwrittenandobservationactivitiesthatapply
toyourworkplace. Yourabilitytoapplyyourlearning. Yourabilitytorecognisecommonprinciplesandactivelyusetheseonthejob.
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YouwillreceiveanoverallresultofCompetentorNotYetCompetentfortheassessmentofthisunit.Theassessmentisacompetencybasedassessment,whichhasnopassorfail.Youareeithercompetentornotyetcompetent.NotYetCompetentmeansthatyoustillareintheprocessofunderstandingandacquiringtheskillsandknowledgerequiredtobemarkedcompetent.Theassessmentprocessismadeupofanumberofassessmentmethods.Youarerequiredtoachieveasatisfactoryresultineachofthesetobedeemedcompetentoverall.
Allofyourassessmentandtrainingisprovidedasapositivelearningtool.Yourassessorwillguideyourlearningandprovidefeedbackonyourresponsestotheassessment.Forvalidandreliableassessmentofthisunit,arangeofassessmentmethodswillbeusedtoassesspracticalskillsandknowledge.
Yourassessmentmaybeconductedthroughacombinationofthefollowingmethods:
WrittenActivity
CaseStudy
Observation
Questions
ThirdPartyReport
Theassessmenttoolforthisunitshouldbecompletedwithinthespecifiedtimeperiodfollowingthedeliveryoftheunit.Ifyoufeelyouarenotyetreadyforassessment,discussthiswithyourtrainerandassessor.
Tobesuccessfulinthisunityouwillneedtorelateyourlearningtoyourworkplace.Youmayberequiredtodemonstrateyourskillsandbeobservedbyyourassessorinyourworkplaceenvironment.Someunitsprovideforasimulatedworkenvironmentandyourtrainerandassessorwilloutlinetherequirementsintheseinstances.
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ELEMENTSANDPERFORMANCECRITERIA
1Assessrisksassociatedwithrelocatingload
1.1 Products,goodsormaterialstoberelocatedareidentifiedandassessedtodetermineappropriaterelocationmethod
1.2 Storagelocationsaredeterminedandpotentialroutestobefollowedareidentified
1.3 Effectofloadrelocationonoriginalloadbaseispredicted
1.4 Pointsofbalanceareestimated
1.5 Requiredclearancesarecomparedtoavailablespaceandadjustmentsaremadetomovingloadstoreflectrequiredclearance
1.6 Effectsofmovingcontents,whichmaybeloose,liquid,dangerousorhazardous,areconsidered
1.7 Risksinpotentialroutesareconsidered
1.8 Riskstoselfareidentifiedarisingfromtherequiredlifting,loadcarrying,setdownormovementofthegoods
1.9 Manualhandlingproceduresforlifting,loweringandcarrying,pushingandpullingareidentified
1.10Teamliftingprocessesareconsideredwhenmovingloads
1.11Appropriatepersonalprotectiveequipmentisdetermined
1.12Sizetoweightratioofitemstobemanuallyhandledareidentified
2Planloadrelocation 2.1 Relocationoftheloadisplanned,consistentwiththecodeofpracticeformanualhandlingandinaccordancewiththeriskassessment
2.2 Processforrelocatingloadisproposedincludingpredictingandplanningforpotentialdifficulties
2.3 Proposedprocessischeckedforcompliancewithcodeofpracticeandworkplaceprocedures
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3Relocateload 3.1 Actionsforlifting,loweringandcarrying,pullingandpushingaloadareinaccordancewithworkplaceproceduresandWHS/OHSrequirements
3.2 Applicationsappropriateforteamrelocationofloadareidentified
3.3 Teamliftingtasksarecoordinated
3.4 Plannedprocessandroutearefollowed
3.5 Relocatedmaterialsaresetdownwithoutdamagetogoods,personnelorequipmentandarecheckedforstability
3.6 Relocationischeckedtoseeitmeetsworkrequirementsandvariance/sarereported
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PERFORMANCEEVIDENCEANDKNOWLEDGEEVIDENCE
Thisdescribestheessentialknowledgeandskillsandtheirlevelrequiredforthisunit.
PERFORMANCEEVIDENCE
Evidencerequiredtodemonstratecompetenceinthisunitmustberelevanttoandsatisfyalloftherequirementsoftheelementsandperformancecriteriaonatleastoneoccasionandinclude:
Applyingprecautionsandrequiredactiontominimise,controloreliminate
risksthatmayexistwhenmanuallyliftingandhandlingmaterialsandgoods
Applyingrelevantlegislationandworkplaceprocedures
Communicatingeffectivelywithotherswhenmanuallyliftingandhandling
materialsandgoods
Implementingcontingencyplanswhenmanuallyliftingandhandling,
materialsandgoods
Interpretingandfollowingoperationalinstructionsandprioritisingwork
Interpretingmanualhandlingrisks
Modifyingactivitiesdependingonoperationalcontingencies,risksituations
andenvironments
Operatingandadaptingtodifferencesinloadsandmaterialsinaccordance
withstandardoperatingprocedures
Readingandinterpretinginstructions,proceduresandinformationrelevant
tothemanualliftingandhandlingofmaterialsandgoods
Selectingandusingrequiredpersonalprotectiveequipmentconformingto
industryandworkhealthandsafety(WHS)/occupationalhealthandsafety
(OHS)standards
Usingcorrectmanualhandlingpractices
Workingcollaborativelywithotherswhenmanuallyliftingandhandling
materialsandgoods
Workingsystematicallywithrequiredattentiontodetailwithoutinjurytoself
orothers,ordamagetogoodsorequipment.
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KNOWLEDGEEVIDENCE
Evidencerequiredtodemonstratecompetenceinthisunitmustberelevanttoandsatisfyalloftherequirementsoftheelementsandperformancecriteriaandincludeknowledgeof:
Housekeepingstandardsandprocedures
RelevantWHS/OHSproceduresandguidelinesconcerningthemanuallifting
andmovementofloads
Riskswhenmanuallyliftingandhandlingmaterialsandgoods,andrelated
precautionstocontroltherisk,including:
o Controlledactionsonamovementduringlifting
o Distanceoverwhichloadistobeshifted
o Frequencyofshiftingoperations
o Loadonthespineduringlifting
o Posturesandpositionsduringlifting
o Rotationandsidemovementofthespineduringlifting
o Timeallowedforshiftingtheload
o Type,weightandpositionoftheload
Worklayout
Sitelayoutandobstacles
Workplaceproceduresandpoliciesformanualhandling
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ASSESSMENTCONDITIONS
Asaminimum,assessorsmustsatisfyapplicableregulatoryrequirements,whichincluderequirementsintheStandardsforRegisteredTrainingOrganisations,currentatthetimeofassessment.
Asaminimum,assessmentmustsatisfyapplicableregulatoryrequirements,whichincluderequirementsintheStandardsforRegisteredTrainingOrganisations,currentatthetimeofassessment.
Assessmentmustoccurinworkplaceoperationalsituationswhereitisappropriatetodoso;wherethisisnotappropriate,assessmentmustoccurinsimulatedworkplaceoperationalsituationsthatreplicateworkplaceconditions.
Assessmentprocessesandtechniquesmustbeappropriatetothelanguage,literacyandnumeracyrequirementsoftheworkbeingperformedandtheneedsofthecandidate.
Resourcesforassessmentmustinclude:
Arangeofrelevantexercises,casestudiesand/orothersimulations
Relevantandappropriatematerials,tools,equipmentandpersonalprotective
equipmentcurrentlyusedinindustry
Applicabledocumentationincludingworkplaceprocedures,regulations,
codesofpracticeandoperationmanuals
PRE‐REQUISITES
Thisunitmustbeassessedafterthefollowingpre‐requisiteunit:
Therearenopre‐requisitesforthisunit.
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TOPIC 1 – ASSESS RISKS ASSOCIATEDWITHRELOCATINGLOAD
PRODUCTS,GOODSORMATERIALSTOBERELOCATEDAREIDENTIFIEDANDASSESSEDTODETERMINEAPPROPRIATE
RELOCATIONMETHOD
ManualHandlingcanincludeanyactivityrequiringtheuseofforceexertedbyapersontolift,push,pull,carryorotherwisemoveorrestrainanymovingorstationaryobject.
Manualhandlinginjuriescanbecausedby: Liftingheavyweights Repetitivereaching,twistingandbending Poorsitting,standingandtypingpostures
Thereareseveralwaysaloadcanbemovedfromoneplacetoanother.Themainmethodsusedare:
Pushing,suchaspushingadrum Carrying,suchascarryingacartonofstock Lifting,suchasliftingaboxupontoashelf Reachingorholding,suchasplacingorpassingstockontohighshelving Small,frequenttasks(repetition),suchaskeyboardentriesorloadingsmall
stockitemsfromashelfontoapalletfromoneposition Teamlifting,movingalargeorheavyobjecttoanotherlocationbysharing
theweightbetweenateam.
SAFEMANUALHANDLINGTECHNIQUES
Safemanualhandlingtechniquesincludearangeofsafetyandassessmenttasksincluding:
Siteassessment Loadassessment Assistedlifting LiftingMachines Safeliftingtechniques
IDENTYFYINGTHEMANUALHANDLINGCOMPONENTSOFATASK
Priortothecarryingoutofanyworktaskswithintheworkplaceitisessentialtoensurethatthetaskisappropriatelyanalysedinordertodeterminetherangeofmanualhandlingcomponentsthatarerelatedtoataskinordertobeabletominimisetherisksofmanualhandlingcomponentsandalsoplanforsafemanualhandlingactivities.
Youwillneedtodeterminetheitemsthatneedtobemovedandassesstheirweight,sizeandanyothercharacteristicsthatrelatetothemovementofeachitem.
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TASKBREAKDOWN
Inordertobeabletoeffectivelyidentifyallofthemanualhandlingcomponentsofaspecificworktaskitwillbenecessarytoconductthefollowingactions:
Identifytheitemstobemoved
Identifytheequipmentyouneedtouse
Identifytheroutetobetaken
Writedowneachofthestepsofthetask
Analyseeachsteptodetermineifanymanualhandlingisrequired
STORAGELOCATIONSAREDETERMINEDANDPOTENTIALROUTESTOBEFOLLOWEDAREIDENTIFIED
Nowitistimetodecidewhereyouaregoingtomovetheloadto.Startbyidentifyingwheretheloadneedstogotoandifthereareanymanualhandlingaidsandequipmentthatyoucanusetoassistyou.Youmustalsodecidewhichwayyouwilltaketheload(theroute).
SITELAYOUTANDOBSTACLES
Todeterminewheretheloadistobemoved,itisimportantthatyoulearnaboutthesitelayoutandanyobstaclesthatwillmakeitdifficulttolocateandtransportyourstock.
Whensearchingfortherequiredstock,allgoodsthatarekeptonsiteshouldbeclearlymarkedandorganisedintoareasforeaseofaccess,andtocutdownonlengthyorderprocessingtimes.
Obstaclesthatareintheaislesorequipmentnotinplacecancauseadangerandinconveniencetothosemovingstockaroundthewarehouse.Itisvitalthatthelayoutandpreventionofobstacleareadequatesothatmovementaroundthewarehouseisdonewitheaseandnodangerisposedtothosemoving.
Ifyouhaveanyquestionsonwheretolocatesomethingyouwillbeabletoaskasupervisororlocateitonyourplanorelectronicsystem.
WORKPLACELAYOUT
Itwillbenecessarytoensurethatarangeofriskassessmentactivitiesontheenvironmentandworkplacelayoutinordertodeterminetherangeofrisksthatareassociatedwiththeworkenvironmentandarangeofappropriatecontrolsthatmaybeimplementedinordertominimisemanualhandlingrisks.Theworklayoutwillaffectmovinggoodsif:
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Toomuchpressureisappliedtocompletingliftingandmovinginaminimal
timeframeorrestrictedspacetomovethegoods.
Peopleareorderedtoperformdutiestheyarenottrainedtodo
Equipmentandresourcesusedtomovegoodsarenotavailableorinsufficient
forthejob
Obstaclesblockorimpedemovement
Assistanceisnotprovidedwhenteamliftsarerequired
HIERACHYOFCONTROL
Thehierarchyofcontrolisafivestageprocess,eachofthestagesfromhighestlevelofcontroldowntothelowestlevelofcontrolwillattempttoeitherremovetheriskorreduceittoanacceptablelevel,ifthecontrolatthetopeithercannotbeusedinthisparticularsituationbecauseitisimpracticalorinappropriateorifthereisstillalevelofriskthenthenextlevelofcontrolwillneedtobeapplieduntilallofthestagesofthehierarchyhavebeenusedinorder.
Thehierarchyofcontrolisasfollowsfromhighesttolowest:
Elimination‐Removetheriskentirelyfromtheworkplace.Forexamplea
brokenpieceofequipmentthatisnolongerneededbutistakingupspaceand
causingamanualhandlingriskduetoliftinginacrampedspace.
Substitution‐Removetheitemorthingthatiscausingtheriskandreplaceit
withasaferversion.Brokentilesthatmaycauseaslippinghazardare
replacedwithnewnon‐slipones.
Isolation‐Separatetheriskfromtheworkerswithaphysicalbarrierlikea
wall.
Engineeringcontrols‐Changethephysicalmakeupoftheitemorredesign
thejobtasksinordertominimiserisk.Thistypeofcontrolmayinclude
changingtheheightofshelvesormovingobstructionsthatcauseleaning
whenlifting.
Administrativecontrols‐Traintheworkershowtomitigatetherisk
throughsafeworkactions.Teachsafemanualhandlingtechniques.
PersonalProtectiveEquipment‐Providetheworkerswithappropriate
PPEtoreducetheremainingportionoftherisktoareasonablelevel.
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ASSESSCONTROLS
Oncecontrolshavebeenappliedandthroughouteachofthestagesofthehierarchyofcontrolitwillbenecessarytoreassesstheriskusingtheriskmatrixinordertoensurethatriskhavebeenaccuratelyreducedasanticipatedandareattherequiredlevelinordertocontinueworkpractices.
ANALYSEWORKTASKS
Itmaybenecessarytoensurethatcontrolsintheformofmodificationswithintheauthorityoftheworkerareappliedinordertoeffectivelyreducetheriskofinjury.
Itwillbenecessarytoassesandanalysealloftheactionsthatmakeupaworktaskinordertodeterminewhichaspectsregardingthetaskcontributetotheriskofinjuryduetomanualhandlingaspectsofthetask.
Questionsthatcanbeaskedinclude:
Howcantheworktaskbesafelyaltered?
Whataspectsoftheworktaskneedtochange?
Isthereanotherwayofdoingthings?
MODIFICATIONSTOWORKTASKS
Therearearangeofmodificationsthatcanbemadetoensurethatworktasksarealteredinamannerthatmakesthemsafer.
Modificationmayinclude:
Jobsharing
Taskreallocation
Groupingsimilartasks
Includingdifferentequipment
Changingworkrequirementstoeliminateorreducemanualhandlingtasks
ADVANTAGESANDDISADVANTAGESOFDIFFERENTOPTIONS
Itwillbenecessarytoensurethatarangeofadvantagesanddisadvantagesarediscussedandassessedwitharangeofmodificationsthatcouldbemadetoworktasks.
Advantagesmayinclude:
Reducedrisk
Saferchoice
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Disadvantagesmayinclude:
Moretimely
Moreexpensive
Newequipmentneeded
RELEVANTWHS/OHSPROCEDURESANDGUIDELINESCONCERNINGTHEMANUALLIFTINGANDMOVEMENTOFLOADS
OHSAct1984
OHSRegulations1996
CodeofPracticeforManualTasks2010
WorkplaceManualHandlingPolicies&Procedures
RiskAssessmentsProcedures
“Thekeytosafemanualmaterialshandlingisinthewayyoucarryoutthetasks.”
Taskscanbemadesaferby:
Reducingliftingandloweringforces.
Avoidingbending,twistingandreaching.
Reducingpushing,pulling,carryingandholding.
Partsoftheseproblemscanbeovercomebyjobredesign.Thisislargelyamatterformanagement.YoucanhelpbysuggestingideastoyourWHS/OHSCommitteeorsupervisor.
Jobredesigncanreducetherisktoyouby:
Modifying(changing)theobject.Forexample,makingsmallerpackages.
Modifyingtheworkplacelayout(theareayouactuallyworkin).
Rearrangingmaterialsflow.Forexample,reducingdistancestraveled.
Performingdifferent(andlessrisky)actions,movementsandforces.
Usingmechanicalassistance.
Useofteamlifting.Forexample,workingtogethertoshare(andreduce)the
burden.
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Manualhandlingaidsaregenerallydefinedas:
“Small,handoperateddevices,whichassistinthemovementandrelocationofloads”.Suchaspalletjackstrolleys.
Theyaredesignedtoprovideassistancetotheuser.Theyhelpyoutoremoveorreducethestressesthatyourbodysufferswhencarryingoutmanualhandlingtasks.
Whenplanningorchangingwarehousingoperations,organisationsshouldincludemanualhandlingneedsinthedesignofthestructure.Thatis,thewaytasksarecarriedoutshouldbestudiedtoseeifthereisabetter,saferwayofdoingthem.
Solutionstoimprovemanualhandlingcanbequitesimple,suchas:
Safetystands
Adjustablebenchheights
Ramps
Rollerconveyors
Youshoulduseanaidtoavoidactionsthatareahazardtoyou.Thisishowyouremoveorreducetheriskwhencarryingouttaskswhichinvolvebending,twistingandcarrying.
Themostcommontypesofaidsprovideyouwithleverage.Thisincreasestheforcethatyoucanapplywithareducedamountofeffort.Leverscancomeinmanyforms.
Itisimportanttorememberthat:
Youmightrequiretrainingonthecorrectuseofsomeequipment.Ifyouare
unsurehowsomethingworks,askyoursupervisor.
Equipmentmustbeproperlymaintainedandstored;otherwiseitcanbecome
ahazardinitsownright.
Maintenanceschedulesformanualhandlingaidsmustbekeptup‐to‐date.
HOWDOYOUUSEMANUALHANDLINGAIDSANDEQUIPMENT?
Therearearangeofmanualhandlingaidsthatcanbeusedinordertoensurethatworktasksareabletobemodifiedinamannerthatwillreducetheneedformanualhandlingintheworkplaceormakemanualhandlingsafer.
MANUALHANDLINGAIDS
Manualhandlingaidsarearangeofequipmentandmachinerythatcanbeusedinordertoassistwithmanualhandlingtasksandcanminimisetheassociatedrisks.Implementingmanualhandlingtasksintotheworkplaceisagreatwayofensuringthatworktaskscanbesafelymodifiedinlinewithappropriatecontrols.
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ScissorLift‐Ascissorliftisaspecialdevicethathasaplatformthatisraised
byhydraulicsandmotorstounfoldasetofarmsthatwillraisethedevise.
Scissorliftscanbeusedtoliftheavyequipmentwithintheworkplaceandisa
goodreplacementforconventionalladderswhichrelyonarangeofrisk
associatedmanualhandlingactivities.
Trolleys‐Therearearangeoftrolleysthatcanbeusedintheworkplacefor
safelytransportinggoodsfromoneareatotheother.Trolleysareanexcellent
replacementformanualhandlingtasksthatrequirecarryingand
transportingofgoods.
Boxlifter‐Boxliftersworkinasimilarmannertoafixedforkliftandarea
greatwayofreducingmanualhandlingintheworkplaceintermsoflifting
andmovingstockorotherlargeobjects.
APPLYINGMANUALLIFTINGAIDSINTHEWORKPLACE
Itisimportanttoensurethatthecorrectliftingaidisusedinyourspecificworkplace.Thiscanbedeterminedthroughtheuseoftaskanalysisandriskassessmentprocedureswithinthespecificworkplace.
EFFECTOFLOADRELOCATIONONORIGINALLOADBASEISPREDICTED&POINTSOFBALANCEAREESTIMATED
Priortomovingyourloadyoumustthinkaboutbalanceandstabilityofyourload.Itwouldbedangeroustomovealoadthatwasperhapstopheavyorunstable.Itwouldbebestinthatinstancetobreakdowntheloadandmoveitinsmallerlotsorremovethetopheavyloadandplaceitonanotherpallet.Youshouldperformaminiriskassessmentpriortomovingtheloadtocheckforstabilityandtopredicttheeffectofthemoveonyouritems.
Ifamanualhandlingtaskisassessedasbeingarisk,theemployershouldtakeallpracticablestepstocontroltherisk.Tothisend,theemployershould:
redesignthetask; whereredesignisimpracticableoruntilitiscompleted,provideandarrange,
asappropriate,mechanicalaids,personalprotectiveequipmentandteamlifting;and
ensurethattheemployeesconcernedreceivetrainingandsupervisionthatisappropriateinrelationtoactiontakenunderparagraphsa)andb)
Theemployershouldgiveeffecttotheaboveinconsultationwithemployeeswhoarerequiredtocarryoutthemanualhandlingandtheirsafetyandhealthrepresentatives,ifany.RiskControlistheprocessofeliminatingorreducingidentifiedandassessedriskfactors.i
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Riskcontrolcanbestbeaccomplishedbyacombinationof:
Jobredesign
Mechanicalhandlingequipment
Provisionortraining
Careshouldbetakentoensurethatfurtherriskstosafetyandhealtharenotcreatedbytheapplicationofcontrolmethodsaimedatreductionofmanualhandlingrisks.
WHATISAHAZARD?
Ahazardis‘asourceofpotentiallossordanger’.
Inotherwords,itisanaccidentwaitingtohappen.Itisuptoeveryoneinvolvedintheworkplacetorecognisehazardsandfixthembeforetheaccidentcanhappen.Inparticular,thisistheemployer’s&employee’sresponsibilitytoidentifyandcontrolhazards,toassistinpreventingaccidentsintheworkplace.Thisruleisthebasisofasafeandhealthyworkplace.
Thisisdoneisbyfollowingthesesteps:
Riskidentification
Riskassessment
Riskcontrol
WHATISARISK?
Ariskis‘thepossibilityofsufferingharmorloss’.
Thismeansdoingsomethingthatislikelytocausesomesortofdamageorinjury(harmorloss).However,harmorlossmightnothappenatthatparticulartimeortheinjurymightnotbeimmediatelyobvious.Thisisquiteoftenthecase,especiallywithbackinjuries,whichtendtodevelopovertimeandwithrepetitionofactivity.Forexamplefrequenttwistingandturning.
Insummary,correctmanualmaterialshandlingmethodswill:
Savetime.
Reduceorremovestressesandstrainsonyourbody.Thesearethevery
factorsthatcauseinjuries.
Injuriesfrommanualhandlingmakeupaboutonethirdofworkinjuries.Backinjuriescausemostofthesevere,long‐termproblems.Inthemostextremecases,workersareinvalidedforlifeatanearlystageoftheircareer.Thisisbecausetheyareunabletocarryoutnormalbodilymovementbecauseofspinalorothernerveorbonedamage.
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RISKSASSOCIATEDWITHMANUALLIFTINGANDHANDLING
Riskswhenmanuallyliftingandhandlingmaterialsandgoodsinclude:
Controlledactionsonamovementduringlifting
Distanceoverwhichloadistobeshifted
Frequencyofshiftingoperations
Loadonthespineduringlifting
Posturesandpositionsduringlifting
Rotationandsidemovementofthespineduringlifting
Timeallowedforshiftingtheload
Type,weightandpositionoftheload
Thefollowingtopicswilloutlinethemethodsusedtoovercomeanyrisksassociatedwithmanualliftingandhandling.
REQUIREDCLEARANCESARECOMPAREDTOAVAILABLESPACEANDADJUSTMENTSAREMADETOMOVINGLOADSTOREFLECT
REQUIREDCLEARANCE
CLEARAPATH
Onceyou'vedecidedhowbesttomovetheobject,checktomakesureyouhaveaclearpathinwhichtomove.Makesurethewalkingpathisclearofanyobstructionsandthatthewalkingsurfaceiscleananddrytohelpavoidslippingwhilecarrying,pushing,orpullingtheload.Checkingthepathfirsthandcouldsaveyouagreatdealofaggravation,andpain,downtheroad.
PREPARETHEDESTINATION
Beforemovingtheobjectmakesureyouhaveaplaceclearedinwhichtoplaceitthiswillsavetimeandpossibleinjurywhenyouarriveatyourdestination.
Wheneverpossible,storetheobjectyou'removingatwaistheight.Avoidplacingheavyobjectsaboveshoulderlevelorinareasthatrequireyoutoreachforwardmorethanarmslengthwithoutbendingatthewaist.ii
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EFFECTSOFMOVINGCONTENTS,WHICHMAYBELOOSE,LIQUID,DANGEROUSORHAZARDOUS,ARECONSIDEREDSIZETO
WEIGHTRATIOOFITEMSTOBEMANUALLYHANDLEDAREIDENTIFIED
Alwaysensurethatyouunderstandthecontentsofyourloadpriortomovingit.Liquidscanmeantheloadwillbemoreunstablewhenmotionbeginsduetothesloshingoftheliquid.Boxespackedlooselycanalsoreactuncontrollablywheninmotion.Ifyouunderstandyourloadandknowwhatisinityouaremorepreparedforanyconsequenceswhenshiftingit.
Alwaysaskforassistanceifyourloadislooselypacked,isaliquidorisadangerousgood.Thiswillensureasafermovingexperiencewithoutinjuryorharmtoyourselforsomeoneelse.Youwillalsoneedtoidentifythesizetoweightratio.Remembernoteverythingthatislargeisheavyandnoteverythingthatissmallislight.
Togiveyouanexample:youmayhaveapalletofverylargeboxes,buttheyarefullofstuffedtoys,thiswillmeantheloadalthoughlarge,isreasonablylight.Ontheotherhandyoumayhaveapalletofcarpartsthatisextremelyheavyandyoudon’thavetheequipmenttotaketheweight.Identifyingthisbeforehandcansaveinjuryandaccidentwhenyoutrytomovetheload.
Identifyingthiswillhelpyoudetermineiftheloadneedstobebrokenup,orifitcanstaywhole.
RISKSINPOTENTIALROUTESARECONSIDERED
MANUALHANDLINGRISKACTIVITIES
Withallmanualhandlingtasksthereisanelementofassociatedrisk,howevertherearearangeoffactorsthatcontributetotheriskassociatedwithmanualhandlingandthesemayinclude:
Highriskmanualhandlingactivities Environmentalrisk Trainingorknowledgerisk Equipmentandmachineryrisk
Itwillbenecessarytoensurethateachofthesefactorsareassessedpriortothecommencementofanyworktasksandifhazardsareidentifiedthenappropriatereportsandactionswillbeundertaken.
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MANUALHANDLINGACTIVITIESTHATARECONSIDEREDHIGHRISK
Highriskmanualhandlingactivitiesincludesanyactivitiesthat:
Involveholdingorliftingtheitemawayfromthebody
Liftingthatinvolvesbendingoftheback
Loadsthataredifficulttomanage
Floorlevelhandling
Overheadhandling
Includetwistingofthetrunk
Involvecarryingtheloadoveralongdistanceduetopooraccess
Repetitiveorsustainedapplicationofforce
Repetitiveorsustainedawkwardposture
Repetitiveorsustainedmovement
Applicationofhighforce
Manualhandlingofliveanimals(relatedtohandlingofpoultry)
Manualhandlingofunstableorunbalancedloads,suchasliquids
Therisksthatmaybeinvolvedinrelationtotheroutecouldinclude:
Obstaclesintheway
Unevenfloorsurface
Pedestrians
Overheadobstacles
Youwillneedtoidentifythesebeforecommencinganyliftingprocedure.Pleaseensureyou“lookup”beforeyoumoveanything.
HAZARDANDINCIDENTREPORTINGPROCEDURES
Allworkplaceswillhavetheirownhazardsandincidentreportingsystemsandthesewillinmostcasesconsistofaform,suchasahazardreport,thatmustbefilledout,regardingthedetailsortheincidentandspecificrisksanddangersthatareassociatedwitheachhazard.Whenanincidentoccursitwillbenecessarytorecordallofthedetailsoftheincident.Hazardsandincidentsmustbereportedimmediatelytothecorrectsupervisorormanagementtoensurethatcorrectiveorresponsiveactioncanoccur.
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RISKSTOSELFAREIDENTIFIEDARISINGFROMTHEREQUIREDLIFTING,LOADCARRYING,SETDOWNORMOVEMENTOFTHE
GOODS
Itisimportanttoensurethattherisktoselfandothersthatmaybecausedbymanualhandlingactivitiesisappropriatelyassessedandunderstoodthrougharangeofriskassessmentprocedures.
RISKASSESSMENTROLESANDRESPONSIBILITY
InmostworkplacestherewillbedesignatedWHS/OHSsafetysupervisorswhowillmanageandmaintainriskassessments,butthistaskisalsotheresponsibilityofallpersonnelwithintheworksite.Managingsafetywithinaworkplaceistheresponsibilityofallpersonnelinvolvedinthetaskanddepartmentarea.
TYPESOFINJURIESTHATCANRESULTFROMMANUALHANDLING
Therearearangeofdifferenttypesofinjuriesthatcanresultfrommanualhandlingactivitiesandthesevaryinseverityfromminorbackstrainstodebilitatinginjuries.
Injuriesthatmayoccurasaresultofmanualhandlingmayinclude:
Fractures,cutsandbruisingasaresultofaccidentsandfallsassociatedwith
manualhandling
Damagetothemuscles,tendons,ligaments,joints,bones,bloodvesselsand
nervedamage
Neckinjuries
Upperandlowerlimbinjuries
Backpain
Backinjuries
RISKASSESSMENTS
Whenconductingriskassessmentsonmanualhandlingtasksitwillbenecessarytotakeintoconsiderationtherangeofelementsthatmayaddrisktothemanualhandlingtask.
Manualhandlingtaskscanresultintheinjuryandthisistheassociatedrisk,itisimportanttounderstandwhatiscausingthisrisksothattheriskcanthenbeeffectivelyminimised.
Arangeofinformationcanbecollectedfrommanualhandlingcodesofpracticeandriskassessmentsheetsthatareusedwithintheworkplace.
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Factorstobeconsideredwhenassessingmanualhandlingrisksrelevanttoworkroleinclude:
Postures:Therearearangeofposturesthatmayincreasetheriskofa
manualhandlingtask.Posturesknowntoincreaseriskinclude:Leaning,
bendingfromthetrunk,liftingoverhead,standingonunevenground.
Movements:Therearearangeofmovementsthatareknowntoincreasethe
riskofamanualhandlingtaskandthesemayinclude,twisting,lifting
overheadandrepetitivemovement.
Forcerequired:Asthelevelofforcerequiredincreasesthesodoesthelevel
ofrisk.
Durationandfrequencyofmanualhandlingactivity:Thelongerormore
oftenthatatasksisconductedthehigherthelevelofassociatedrisk.
Environmentalconditions,suchashotandcoldworkenvironments:
Extremelyhotorcoldconditionscanincreasetheriskofmanualhandling
activitiesastemperaturechangescancausefatigue,lossofdexterityor
sweatyhands.
Itwillbenecessarytoensurethatallmovementsandpostureswithintheworkplaceareanalysedandassessedtoensurethatallmovementsandposturesthatarelikelytoaddriskintheworkplaceareminimisedandthatallactionsthatarelikelytoreduceriskareusedthroughoutallworktasks.
SAFELIFTINGPRINCIPLES
Safeliftingprinciplesinclude:
Alwaysliftasafeandmanageableamount
Keepthebackstraight
Keptthecoretight
Liftfromthelegs
Keepthefeetflat
Movefromthefeetandnotthehips
Crouchdowntopickitemsup,donotbendfromthehip
Manualhandlingisanyactivitythatrequiresthepushingorpullingandmanualmanipulationofanitem.Itisimportantthatalltasksareconductedwithaseriesofbreakstoensurethatmuscleshavetimetorelaxandtheworkerdoesnotbecometoofatigued.
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REDUCINGREPETITIVEMOVEMENT
Itisimportanttoensurethatallrepetitivemovementintheworkplaceisreducedandifpossiblereplacedwithliftingaidsorbreaksandjobsharingtoreducetheimpactononeperson.
SOURCESOFADVICEONMANUALHANDLINGRELEVANTTOWORKFUNCTION
Therearearangeofsourcesthatcanbeaccessedintermsofgainingadviceonmanualhandlingthatisspecifictoyourindustry.
Sourcesofadvicemayinclude:
WHS/OHSadvisors
WHS/OHSconsultants/officers
WorkSafeAustralia
OHSAct1984
OHSRegulations1996
CodeofPractice–ManualTasks2010
Workplacemanualhandlingprocedures
Safetyrepresentatives
www.commerce.wa.gov.au
LEGISLATION
InAustraliathereisaraftoflegislationthatisbasedaroundtheModelWorkHealthandSafetyActthatisdesignedtoensurethatworkersandthegreatercommunityarenotinjuredbybusinesspracticesandthatasafeworkenvironmentandpracticesaremaintainedatalltimes.Eachstateandterritoryhasitsownregulatorybodythatisresponsibleforenforcingandmaintainingthehealthandsafetylawsinitsjurisdiction.Itisessentialthatallemployeeresponsibilitiesthatarerequiredinyourstateandyourindustryareaccessedandinterpretedandincludedintodailyworkpractices.
INDUSTRYCODESOFPRACTICE
Industrycodesofpracticeareasetofguidelinesthatwhenfollowedwillensurethattheorganisationiscompliantwiththerelevantlegislationinitsjurisdiction.TherearemanycodesofpracticethatareactiveinAustraliaatthemoment,thesearenotlegalrequirementsbutarehighlyrecommendedastheyareconsideredbestpracticeandwillensurecompliancewiththelaw.Legislationcanbeveryconfusingandwrittenincomplexlegaljargonwherecodesofpracticeprovidesimplestrategiesforensuringasafeworkplacecanbemaintained.
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NATIONALSTANDARDS
NationalsafetystandardsareagreedstandardsandbenchmarksthathavebeensetasanAustralianStandard.Itisessentialthatallnationalstandardsareknownandappliedtoduringdailyworkactivities.Standardsmayberelatedtosafetyequipmentandstandardpractices.
MANUALHANDLINGPROCEDURESFORLIFTING,LOWERINGANDCARRYING,PUSHINGANDPULLINGAREIDENTIFIED&TEAMLIFTINGPROCESSESARECONSIDEREDWHENMOVINGLOADS
Here is where you must decide whether you need a team lift for the move. Here are some
tips on moving safely with a team and a guide on when you should use a team lift approach.
Teamliftingmustbecoordinatedwithallactionscommunicatedbetweenteammembers.Whenyouusesmartliftingpracticesandworkinyourpowerzone,youarelesslikelytosufferfrombacksprains,musclepulls,wristinjuries,elbowinjuries,spinalinjuries,andotherinjuriescausedbyliftingthoseheavyobjects.Trainingallbyitself,withoutmakingchangestotheworkplace,isoftennoteffectiveinpreventinginjuries.Oftenworkersaretaught“properliftingtechniques”andthensentouttoworkunderconditionsthatdonotallowthemtousethesetechniques.Communicationisessential.
Sizeuptheloadandcheckover‐allconditions.
Keeptheloadclosetothebody,getagoodgripontheload.
Bendyourkneeskeepyourbackstraight
Iftheweight,shape,orsizeofanobjectmakesthejobtoomuchforoneperson,
askforhelp.
Donothandleitonyourown.
Wearproperpersonalprotectiveequipment(PPE)toavoidfingerinjuriesand
contactstress.
Ensurethatglovesfitproperlyandprovideadequategriptoreducethechance
ofdroppingtheload.
Wearnon‐slipsoledfootweartoprovidesurefooting.
Makesurethereisenoughspaceformovementandthatthefootingisgood.
Besuretherearenoobstructionsintheplannedpathofmovementfortheload
topreventtripping.
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Keepaneyeonwhereyouplaceyourfeetwhileintransit.
Workersshouldbeapproximatelythesamesizeforteamlifting.Samesize
lifterswillkeeptheitembeingcarriedwellbalanced.
Dividetheweightliftedinhalfwhentwoworkerslifttogether.
Onepersonneedstoberesponsibleforcontroloftheactiontoensureproper
coordination.Selectthispersonbeforetheliftbegins.
Remember;ifoneworkerliftstoosoon,shiftstheload,orlowersittoosoon,
eitherworkermaybeinjured.Coordinatevoicesignals,counttheliftineg1,2,3
Lift.
Utilizeproperhandholds,includinghandles,slots,orholeswithenoughroomto
accommodateglovedhands.Usemetalbarsforreels.
Bothworkersmustworktogetherandcommunicateexpectedactions.Ifyou
needmorethanthetwoofyoutolift,askforassistance.Someitemscanbeslid
ratherthanlifted.Usemechanicalassistancewhenavailable.Mobile
transporterscanalleviatelengthylifts.
Followthesestepswhenteamlifting: Takeabalancedstancewithyourfeetaboutshoulder‐widthapart.(Itisokayto
putonefootbehindtheobjectandtheothernexttoit.)Communicatethatyou
areready.
Squatdownbutkeepyourheelsoffthefloor(ontheballsofyourfeet).Getas
closeasyoucantotheobject.
Useyourpalmsandnotjustyourfingerstogetasecuregripontheobject.Make
surethatthisgripwillholdandyouwillnothavetoswitchyourgriplater.
Liftslowly(withoutjerking)usingyourleg,abdominalandbuttockmuscles
whilekeepingtheloadascloseaspossibletoyou.Continuecommunicatingwith
helper.
Onceyouarestanding“donottwist”whenyouchangedirections.Pointyour
feetinthedirectionyouwanttogoandthenturnyourwholebody.Donottwist
withtheobjectwhileyouarewalking.
Tolowertheloadorplacetheobject,usethesesameguidelinesinreverse.
Communicateuntilliftisover.iii
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APPROPRIATEPERSONALPROTECTIVEEQUIPMENTISDETERMINED
Itisessentialtoensurethatclothing,footwearandpersonalprotectiveclothingdoesnotcontributetomanualhandlingriskswithintheworkplace.
RISKSASSOCIATEDWITHCLOTHING,FOOTWEARORPPE
Therisksthatcanbeassociatedwithclothing,footwearorPPEinclude: Slipping Looseclothinggettingcaughtinmachinery Restrictiveclothing Inappropriateclothingforthetaskorenvironment
PERSONALPROTECTIVEEQUIPMENT
Workersshouldwearandusepersonalprotectiveequipmentduringtheexecutionofallworkactivities.PersonalProtectiveEquipment(PPE)isequipmentorclothingthatisbewornorusedbyworkerstoprotectthemfrompotentialworkplacehazardsspecifictothetasksbeingcarriedoutandworkarea.
PPEmayinclude: Gloves Eyeprotectionequipmentsuchasprotectivegogglesorglasses Earmuffsorplugs Facemasks Safetyboots Hardhats Highvisibilityclothing
SELECTINGAPPROPRIATEPPE
AllPPEshouldbeselectedaccordingtothetasksthataretobeperformedaswellasthelocationinwhichthetaskswillbecarriedout.
PPEmustbe: Appropriateforthespecifictask Becorrectlyfittedandcomfortabletouse Maintainedcorrectlytoensureitseffectiveness Replacedwhenitisnolongerthebestprotectionavailable Replacedifdamaged MeetAustraliansafetystandards BecompatiblewithotherPPEorcontrolmethods Beappropriatefortheworkenvironment Notposeanotherrisktotheworker
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TOPIC 2 – PLANLOADRELOCATION
RELOCATIONOFTHELOADISPLANNED,CONSISTENTWITHTHECODEOFPRACTICEFORMANUALHANDLINGANDINACCORDANCEWITHTHERISKASSESSMENT&PROCESSFOR
RELOCATINGLOADISPROPOSEDINCLUDINGPREDICTINGANDPLANNINGFORPOTENTIALDIFFICULTIES
Onceyouhaveassessedalltherisks,decidedwhereyourloadistobemovedtoandsizeduptheloadforanyvariablesordangersinvolvedinmovingyouarereadytoplanthemoveofyourheavyload.
Ifyouimproperlyliftheavyitems,whethertheyarepackagesoroldertoddlers,youcaninjureyourbackorstrainthemusclessurroundingyourback.Shouldersandarmsmayalsobeinjured,dependinguponhowyoulift.Sincebackpainisnofuntodealwith,andcanindicateamild,moderateorevenseriousinjury,it’sbesttoavoidimproperliftingtechniques.
Twocommonmistakesoccurwhenpeopletrytoliftheavyitems.Thefirstofthesemistakescanbeoverestimatingyourstrengthwhenconsideringwhethertoliftheavyitemsalone.Ifyou’renotusedtoheavylifting,evena13‐18kgitemcanbechallengingtoliftalone.Additionally,iftheitemhasanawkwardshape,itmaybehardertogetthekindofgrasponityouneedtoliftitsafely.Thestandardrulewhenconsideringwhetherornotyoucanorshouldliftsomethingaloneis“whenitdoubt,asksomeonetohelpout.”Don’tletpridestandinthewayofsafeliftingtactics.
Anothermistake,andmostofusdothisonaregularbasis,istobendatthewaisttopickthingsupoffthefloor.Whenyoubendatthewaist,you’rereallyworkingthemusclesofyourback,chestandshoulders,andyourchancesforinjuryincreases.
Insteadofbendingatthewaist,bendatthekneesandcometoasquat
position,iftheitemisonthefloorortoapositionjustbelowtheobjectifit’s
onaslightlyhighersurface,suchasonashortercoffeetable.Thiswillhelp
yourelymoreonlegstrengthtoliftitems,thanonbackandshoulder
strength.
Pickuptheitem,ifyoufeelit’ssafetopickitupbyyourself,andbringitas
closetoyourbodyaspossible.Thiscanbecalledhugging.Thefartheryour
armshavetoextend,themorelikelyinjurywilloccur.
Useyourlegstrengthtosmoothandgentlypushupfromthebentknee
position.
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Don’ttwistorlookaroundasyou’relifting,whichcanshiftthewayyourbody
iscarryingtheweightandstrainorinjurevariousmuscles.Alsodon’tjerk
upwardquickly.
Ifyouarestrainingtopickuptheitem,andyourlegswillnotstraighten,get
somehelp.
Planoutexactlywhereandhowyouwillreleasetheitem.Becarefulnotto
dropitonyourtoesorfingers,andbendthekneesagainifyoumustputthe
itemonasurfacelowerthanyourwaist.
Beingabletoliftheavyitemssafelyisallaboutmovingslowly,liftingwiththelegs,planningthelift(andrelease),andbeingreasonableaboutwhatyoucanliftalone.Whentwopeopleliftsomethingtogether,theloadshouldbesharedevenly,andhavingtwopeopleofsimilarheighthelps,sincebothpeoplearecarryingtheitematapproximatelythesameheightandcancoordinateasmootherkneebendandlifttechnique.Moreover,payattentiontoanydoctor’srecommendationsonliftingifyouarepregnant,haverecentlyhadsurgeryorhaveinjuriesthatmightbeworsenedbyliftingevenlightobjects.Takingtheextratimetoliftheavyitemssafelyorgettinghelpifyouneeditcanproveanincredibletimesaverifitmeansyouwon’tberecoveringfromabackinjury.
PROPOSEDPROCESSISCHECKEDFORCOMPLIANCEWITHCODEOFPRACTICEANDWORKPLACEPROCEDURES
Onceyouhavedecidedonhowandwhereyourloadwillbemovedyoushouldhavesomeonechecktheplan.Thiscouldbeyoursupervisor,aworkmateoraManager.Youmustensurethatwhenyouaremovingheavyobjectsthatyoucheckalltheboxespriortomovingyourloadtodecreasethechancesofsomethinggoingwrong.
Thechecklistshouldinclude: Whatyouaremoving Theamounttobemoved. Weight/dimensionsofproducts Howyouwillmoveit. Whereitisbeingmovedto. Whowillassistyou Resourcesrequired. Timeallocated. Pathcleared. Spaceestimated. Finaloutcome. PPErequired
Yourwarehousewillhaveworkplaceproceduresandpoliciesformanualhandling.Thesemustbefollowedatalltimestoensurethesafetyofeveryoneconcernedwiththemovementofgoodsfromoneplacetoanother.
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TOPIC 3 – RELOCATELOAD
ACTIONSFORLIFTING,LOWERINGANDCARRYING,PULLINGANDPUSHINGALOADAREINACCORDANCEWITHWORKPLACE
PROCEDURESANDWHS/OHSREQUIREMENTS
Propermethodsofliftingandhandlingprotectagainstinjury.Properliftingmakesworkeasier.Youneedto"think"aboutwhatyouaregoingtodobeforebendingtopickupanobject.Overtime,safeliftingtechniquesshouldbecomeahabit.Followingarethebasicsstepsofsafeliftingandhandling.
Sizeuptheloadandcheckoverallconditions.Don'tattempttheliftbyyourselfiftheloadappearstobetooheavyorawkward.Checkthatthereisenoughspaceformovement,andthatthefootingisgood."Goodhousekeeping"ensuresthatyouwon'ttriporstumbleoveranobstacle.
Makecertainthatyourbalanceisgood.Feetshouldbeshoulderwidthapart,withonefootbesideandtheotherfootbehindtheobjectthatistobelifted.
Bendtheknees;don'tstoop.Keepthebackstraight,butnotvertical.(Thereisadifference.Tuckinginthechinstraightenstheback.)
Griptheloadwiththepalmsofyourhandsandyourfingers.Thepalmgripismuchmoresecure.Tuckinthechinagaintomakecertainyourbackisstraightbeforestartingtolift.
Useyourbodyweighttostarttheloadmovingandthenliftbypushingupwiththelegs.Thismakesfulluseofthestrongestsetofmuscles.
Keepthearmsandelbowsclosetothebodywhilelifting. Carrytheloadclosetothebody.Don'ttwistyourbodywhilecarryingtheload.To
changedirection,shiftyourfootpositionandturnyourwholebody. Watchwhereyouaregoing! Tolowertheobject,bendtheknees.Don'tstoop.Todeposittheloadonabenchor
shelf,placeitontheedgeandpushitintoposition.Makesureyourhandsandfeetareclearwhenplacingtheload.
Makeitahabittofollowtheabovestepswhenliftinganything‐evenarelativelylightobject.iv
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Steps Techniques
Planning
Size up the load and check overall conditions
Check route for clearances and obstacles
Use a handcart or dolly, etc. when possible
Break down large and heavy loads
Know your limits
Seek help if necessary
Take extra care with awkward tasks
Lifting
Remembertousethe“5”L’sofBackSafety Load
Lungs
Lever
Legs
Lordosis – keep your back straight
Carrying
Hold the load close to your body
Look where your are walking
Take extra care carrying up and down stairs
Don’t twist your body, move your feet to turn
Lowering
Bend your knees to lower the load
Don’t trap your fingers and toes
Pull it down first, then slide it into place
Don’t over‐reach or stretch
Do's and Don't's of safe lifting
Do Tuck in the chin to keep the back as straight as possible while lifting. Lift with the strong leg muscles. Ask for help with the heavy, awkward items. When possible, use mechanical equipment to move heavy items.
Don't Use your back muscles to do lifting. Try to lift an item that is too heavy of awkward. Twist your body while carrying an object. Attempt team lifting without proper coordination.
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Document Title Document Code Version Date Published
TLID1001 Shift materials safely using manual handling methods Learner Guide
LG0023 3 24/04/2019
HOUSEKEEPINGSTANDARDSANDPROCEDURES
Inanyworkplace,itisimportantthatemployeesareproactiveinmaintainingacleanandtidyworkarea.Preventionofaccident,injuryandillnessintheworkplacerequiresacommitmentfrommanagement,andemployees.Itcannotbeeffectiveunlessthereisuniversalparticipation.
Bykeepingtheworkplacecleanandtidy,allemployeeswillbecontributingtoincreasingthesafetyoftheworkplace.Themajorhousekeepingtasksthatneedtobecompletedwillinvolvegeneraltidying,wasteremoval,movingstock,clearingobstructions,etc.Someofthewaysthatworkerscanassistwithmaintainingacleanandtidyworkplaceinclude:
Allemployeesareresponsibleforconductinghousekeepingintheir
workplace.
Cleanasyougotoremovehazardsandmaintainasafeworkplace
Recycleproductsaccordingtoworkplaceprocedurese.g.cardboard,plastic,
aluminumetc.
Allemployeeshavetheresponsibilitytomaintaintheequipmentthatthey
useandtonotifyanymalfunctionstotheirmanagerorsupervisor
Equipmentneedstobekeptcleanandproperlystoredafteruse
AllExitsmustbeclearlyindicatedandmustnotbeobstructed
Rubbishshouldberegularlydisposedof
Allstaffshouldparticipateinhealthandsafetytrainingwhenprovided
Havingatidyworkplacewillpreventwasteandproductsfrombuildingupinwalkways,causingatrippinghazard,andpropercleaningwillhelpwillreducingdebrisandcontaminantsbuild‐up.
APPLICATIONSAPPROPRIATEFORTEAMRELOCATIONOFLOADAREIDENTIFIED&TEAMLIFTINGTASKSARECOORDINATED
Wherepossibleyoushouldgatherateamtoassistyoutoliftheavyobjectoralternativelyusemanualhandlingaidstohelpyou.Thiswillpreventmajorinjuriesrelatedtoliftingobjectsthataretooheavy.Acoordinatedapproachtoliftingwillreduceinjuryfromincorrectorinappropriateliftingtechniques.
Teamliftingmustbecoordinated
Iftheweight,shape,orsizeofanobjectmakesthejobtoomuchforoneperson,
askforhelp.
Ideally,workersshouldbeofapproximatelythesamesizeforteamlifting.
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Document Title Document Code Version Date Published
TLID1001 Shift materials safely using manual handling methods Learner Guide
LG0023 3 24/04/2019
Oneindividualneedstoberesponsibleforcontroloftheactiontoensureproper
coordination.Ifoneworkerliftstoosoon,shiftstheload,orlowersit
improperly,eithertheyorthepersonworkingwiththemmaybeinjured.
Walkoutofstep.v
LIFTINGHEAVYOBJECTS
Safeliftingofheavyitemsrequirestrainingandpractice.Forexample,we've
probablyallseenasmallpersonmoveheavyfeedsackswithapparentease.
Thesecretliesintakingtheproperstanceandgrip.
Whenequipmentisavailable,itshouldbeusedtoliftandcarryheavyobjects.
Loaders,forklifts,hoists,etc.aremadeforthispurpose.
PLANNEDPROCESSANDROUTEAREFOLLOWED
Alwaysensurethereisonepersoncoordinatingtheliftandtheplannedprocessisused.Oncethelifthascommencedthereshouldbenounplannedchangestotherouteorprocess.Ifplansdochangeduringtheliftinjuriescanoccurduetoconfusionofdirectionwhenpeoplearepullinginthewrongdirection.
Ifthemovehastochangeforvariousreasonstheloadshouldbeplacedonthegroundandanewplanmadepriortoliftingtheloadagain.
RELOCATEDMATERIALSARESETDOWNWITHOUTDAMAGETOGOODS,PERSONNELOREQUIPMENTANDARECHECKEDFOR
STABILITY&RELOCATIONISCHECKEDTOSEEITMEETSWORKREQUIREMENTSANDVARIANCE/SAREREPORTED
Onceyouhavemovedtheloadsuccessfullyyouwillneedtosetitdown.Makesureyoufollowallpoliciesandproceduresinordertosettheloaddownsafely.
Youwillneedtochecktheloadaftersettingitdowntoensuretheloadisstable.Inotherwords,makesureitissolidandisnotrockingormovinginanyway.
Alsomakesurethegoodsareinthecorrectplacebeforeleavingthem.Thiswillensurethatwhenitcomestimeforsomeonetofindthem,theycan.
35© Nationwide Training Pty Ltd Developed by Enhance Your Future Pty Ltd Customised by Nationwide Training Pty Ltd
Document Title Document Code Version Date Published
TLID1001 Shift materials safely using manual handling methods Learner Guide
LG0023 3 24/04/2019
SUMMARY
Nowthatyouhavecompletedthisunit,youshouldhavetheskillsandknowledgetoshiftloadssafelyusingmanualhandlingmethods.
Ifyouhaveanyquestionsaboutthisresource,pleaseaskyourtrainer.Theywillbeonlytoohappytoassistyouwhenrequired.
REFERENCES
"HumanResourcesServiceCentreHealthandSafety."n.d.Web.26Feb.2017<http://intranet.ecu.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/501575/Guidelines‐For‐Man>.
"MovingaHeavyLoadSafely‐constructionrepair.net."n.d.Web.26Feb.2017<http://www.constructionrepair.net/moving‐a‐heavy‐load‐safely.html>.
"SafeLiftingandCarryingTechniques‐NationalAgSafety..."n.d.Web.26Feb.2017<http://nasdonline.org/39/d001607/safe‐lifting‐and‐carrying‐techniques.html>.
"SafeLiftingandCarryingTechniques."n.d.Web.26Feb.2017<http://www.augusta.k12.va.us/cms/lib01/VA01000173/Centricity/Domain/10/Safe_Lift>.
"TipsforTeamLifting|SafetyServicesCompany."n.d.Web.26Feb.2017<http://www.safetyservicescompany.com/topic/workers‐health/tips‐for‐team‐lifting/>.
ihttp://intranet.ecu.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/501575/Guidelines‐For‐Man...
iihttp://www.constructionrepair.net/moving‐a‐heavy‐load‐safely.html
iiihttp://www.safetyservicescompany.com/topic/workers‐health/tips‐for‐team‐lifting/
ivhttp://nasdonline.org/39/d001607/safe-lifting-and-carrying-techniques.html
vhttp://www.augusta.k12.va.us/cms/lib01/VA01000173/Centricity/Domain/10/Safe_Lift...