LESSON 4.0: ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMCOMPUTER CONCEPTS WITH INTERNET

INSTRUCTOR: SIR JOSHUA HERNANDEZ

COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

• Since the computer industry shares with communications

systems many elements in a common technology, there is a

widespread inclination to anticipate a convergence of the two

industries. Because this assumption has shaped public policies

regulating them, it is useful to understand the ways in which

communications systems and computers mirror one another.

• A system is a group of related components and operations that

interact to perform a task.

6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

1. People

• People are the most important element of a computer

system. They use and operate the computer. People use

computers for variety of applications. Computer engineers

study computer hardware design and they build and

improve computers. Computer programmers write the

programs to come up with desired output from a set of

input data.

6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

1. People

• Two types of Users

1.Professionals - An Information Technology (IT) professional who

had formal education in the technical aspect of using a computer

and communication system. Ex. Computer Programmer.

2. End-users - Someone without much technical knowledge of IT who

uses computers for entertainment, education or work related task.

6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

2. Procedure

• Descriptions of how things are done, steps for

accomplishing a result

• Procedures are step by step instructions to follow when

using hardware, software, and data. The procedure are

normally written by computer specialists and are shipped

together with the computer product in printed or electronic

form.

6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

3. Data

• Data includes texts and numbers, sounds, images, and video that we

input into the computer for processing. Raw data are normal inputs

entered into the computer. The software that the user decides to operate

on them determine largely the resulting output. Processed data are

called information and they are useful to people.

• A computer system’s data/information storage capacity is represented

by:

-> Kilobyte (KB) equivalent to approximately 1000 bytes.

-> Megabyte (MB) about 1 million bytes

-> Gigabyte (GB) about 1 billion bytes

6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

4. Hardware

• Consists of all the machinery and equipment in a computer system

• Hardware are the physical equipment that you can feel and touch.

Hardware include the CPU, mouse, keyboard, printer, speaker,

microphone, and the monitor. The hardware need software to function

properly. Hardware come in variety of shapes, size, price and computing

power.

6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

4. Hardware

• Four types of Computer Hardware

A. Input Hardware

B. Output Hardware

C.Primary Storage Hardware

D.Secondary Storage Hardware

6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A. INPUT HARDWARE

• Keyboard

• Mouse

• Scanner

• Microphone

B. OUTPUT HARDWARE

• Monitor

• Printer

• Speaker

• Headphone

4. Hardware

6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

C. PRIMARY STORAGE HARDWARE

• the computer’s “work space”

where data and programs for

immediate processing are

held.

• Ex: RAM, CMOS

D. SECONDARY STORAGE HARDWARE

• consists of devices that store

data and programs

permanently.

• Ex. Diskette, Hard Disk,

Optical Disk

4. Hardware

6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

5. Software

• Consist of the step by step instructions that tell the computer how to

perform a task.

• The purpose of software is to process data into useful information for

people. Software gives flexibility to computers. Computers become tool

for typing using word processing program, they become a drawing tool

with a graphics program and a music or video player with a media player

program.

6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

5. Software

• Two Major Types of Software:

A.Application Software

B. System Software

6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A. APPLICATION SOFTWARE

• defined as software that can

perform useful work on

general purpose task.

• Ex: MS Word, iTunes, Google

Chrome, World of Warcraft,

VLC Media Player, Adobe

Photoshop

B. SYSTEM SOFTWARE

• have direct control and access

to your computer hardware ,

and memory locations . They

perform I/O operations on

various memory locations , and

control the hardware , to make

the application software do a

task.

•

5. Software

6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

6. Connectivity

• Connectivity means that a computer must be connected to other

computers specially through the internet. Using the internet, people cam

share and access data and greatly expand ones capability and reach.