Lesson 4 secondary research 2

Lesson Three Research Methods 1

Lesson 4RESEARCHMETHODS 1b


Students will …

1. recognize primary and secondary

approaches to research

2. identify appropriate primary and secondary

research sources

3. categorize methods for primary and

secondary research

4. identify quantitative and qualitative

approaches to primary research

5.evaluate secondary research sources

6. explore secondary sources online

Learning Outcomes


The searching for and

gathering of information

and ideas in response to a

specific question

research

The set of methods used to address a particular research problem

methodology


Involves collecting and measuring data

Often requires large data sets. For example, large numbers of people.

Uses mathematical methods to analyse data

Aims to achieve objective/scientific view of the subject

QuantitativeInvolves understanding human behaviour and the reasons behind it

Focus is on individuals and small groups

Objectivity is not the goal, the aim is to understand one point of view, not all points of view

QualitativePrimary

Approaches


Photo Ethnography Study

Literature Review

Questionnaire

Literature Review

InterviewSurveyThe combination of

methods in the

study of the same

topic

Triangulation

(Visocky & Visocky, 2009)


A comprehensive

investigation of material

such as books and articles

relating to the research

topic.

Literature review


Evaluating

SecondarySources

Use the C.R.A.P. test:1. Currency2. Reliability3. Authority4. Purpose

(CRAP Test 2008)


Evaluating

SecondarySources

* Currency -

How recent is the information?

Are there more recent updates available?

Is it current enough for your topic?

(CRAP Test 2008)


Evaluating

SecondarySources

* Reliability -

Is content of the resource primarily

opinion?Is it balanced and evidenced?

Does the creator provide references or

sources for data or quotations?(CRAP Test 2008)


Evaluating

SecondarySources

*Authority -Who is the creator or author?

What are his/her credentials?

Is he/she an expert?

Who is the published or sponsor?

Are they reputable?

(CRAP Test 2008)


Evaluating

SecondarySources

* Purpose/Point of View -

Is it promotional or educational

material?Are there advertisements on the

website?Is this fact or opinion?

Who is the intended audience? (CRAP Test 2008)


Evaluate

Wikipedia as a

research source.

Think about …

•Currency?•Reliability?

•Authority?•Purpose?

Should you use it?

Why/Why not?

Internet

Sources

Only use

Wikipedia … •… for initial

research•…for background•…as a stepping

stoneDO NOT use it …•… as a source in an

assignment•… as your only

source on a topic•… because you’re

lazy


Internet

Sources


Internet

Sources

• Always be wary of any one single source (in any medium — web, print, television or radio), or of multiple works that derive from a single source.

• Where articles have references to external sources (whether online or not) read the references and check whether they really do support what the article says.

• In most academic institutions, major references to Wikipedia, along with most encyclopedias, are unacceptable for a research paper.

(Wikipedia, 2011)


Internet

Sources


What have you learned?

1. There are 2 approaches to all research:

primary and secondary

2. These approaches are differentiated by the

sources of data used

3. The methods used in primary research

depend upon the data desired

4.Quantitative methods provide general,

objective, often statistical data

5.Qualitative methods provide individual,

subjective data

6. Secondary data must be carefully evaluated

7. The Internet can be a rich source of

secondary data if exploited wisely


REFERENCES

Collins, H 2010, Creative Research, AVA, London.

CRAP Test 2008. Retrieved 12 January 2011 from

http://loex2008collaborate.pbworks.com/w/page/18686701/The-CRAP-Test

Summers, J & Smith, B 2003, Communication skills handbook: how to

succeed in written and oral communication, 5th edn, John Wiley & Sons,

Australia.

Visocky O’Grady, K & Visocky O’Grady, J 2009, A Designer’s Research

Manual, Rockport, USA.


Exercise – Fashion Marketing / Fashion Design

Prepare a Research Report on Fashion Trends.Key Question:Only fashion giants can dictate trends.

In groups:Part 1: Conduct secondary research (Lesson 3 - 4)- Lesson 3: Mindmap of ideas, preliminary internet searches- Lesson 4: Evaluate research sources, prepare written

portion of research report

Part 2: Conduct primary research (Lesson 5 - 6)

Part 3: Submit a short report on your findings (Lesson 9)


Exercise – Part 1

Prepare a Research Report

In groups:Part 1: Lesson 3: Create a preliminary mindmap – WH questionsDivide the work – who will look at each type of source?Conduct preliminary research – each member of the group

looking at different sources

Lesson 4: Conduct research – each member of the group looking at

different sourcesPrepare the Literature Review (summary of secondary

research)


Exercise – VC, IMD, Game Design

Prepare a Research Report Key Question:The idea of sexiness is the best way to market a product.






Exercise – Part 1






research)


Exercise – Interior Design

Prepare a Research Report Key Question:An evaluation of Moshe Safdie’s design of the Marina Bay

Sands.






Exercise – Part 1






research)


• What is the topic of your thesis?

• What does your research include?

• How did you choose your literature?

• Definitions

• Historical background

• What’s happening now?

• What new research / discoveries are there now?

Introduction

Body

Conclusion• Summary of the major agreements and disagreements in the literature

• Summary of general conclusions

Writing the Literature Review


What is the topic of your thesis?What is the topic of your thesis?What is your FOCUS?

What does your research include?What does your research include? What questions have you tried to answer?What are the research keywords you have used?

How did you choose your literature?How did you choose your literature? What sources did you use?

Introduction



DefinitionsDefinitions are there terms that need to be defined?

Historical backgroundHistorical background How far should you go back?

What’s happening now?What’s happening now?Current trends?

What new research / discoveries are What new research / discoveries are there now?there now? Show a balanced (2-sided view)

Body



ConclusionSummary of the major agreements Summary of the major agreements and disagreements in the literatureand disagreements in the literatureCompare and contrast the similarities and differences in facts and opinions of experts

Summary of general conclusionsSummary of general conclusionsSummarise the literature review. Be unbiased.


How much to write in total? 400 – 600 words


Project Step 2:Presentation 2: Research Client

• For Lesson 5:

• Prepare a 5-6 minute presentation briefly

explaining your client.

• Clients may be commercial (e.g. IKEA),

governmental (e.g. NEA) or non-governmental

organisations (e.g. Greenpeace).

• Explain how the focus relates to the client and

how the research will help the client.

• Explain and give examples to help the audience

understand.

• Detail your sources.

• Design PowerPoint slides.

next steps

Lesson 4 secondary research 2

Technology

Transcript of Lesson 4 secondary research 2