WARS AND CONFLICT IN ASIA

Lesson 16

Communist versus Nationalist China

CommunistCapital: BeijingLeaded by Mao

ZedongSupported by

RussiansCommunism as Govt.

SystemSocialism as

economic policy

NationalistCapital: TaipeiLeaded by Chiang-Kai

ShekSupported by United

StatesRepublican-

Democratic Govt. system.

Capitalist Economic System

Communist Government under

Mao Zedong: Hundred Flowers

Campaign Great Leap ForwardGreat Proletarian

Cultural RevolutionCommunist

Government under Deng Xiaoping:

Four Modernizations Campaign

Republican-Democratic Govt.

system under Chiang:

Land to the Tiller Program

Korean War and the Korean DMZ Conflict

South KoreaDemocratic

Government System

Dr. Syngman Rhee1st Korean war

Aided by the United Nations

Capital: Seoul

North KoreaCommunism as

Government System

Kim Il-Sung1st Korean war

Aided by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)

Pyongyang

1st Korean war ended with an Armistice

Physical division of Korea into South and North Korea

Creation Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ)

Second Korean WarSecond Korean War ended with a truce

Demilitarized Zone (DMZ)

Partition of India and Indo Pakistan Wars

India Indian Nationalist

MovementPresident:Jawaharlal

Nehru Capital: New Delhi

Pakistan Muslim LeagueGovernor General:

Mohammed Ali Jinnah

Capital: Karachi

1st Indo-Pakistan War: Control over Kashmir and JammuEnded with a plebiscite2/3 of Kashmir and included Jammu ceded to

India, 1/3 of Kashmir to Pakistan. 2nd Indi-Pakistan War: Unsatisfied with the

land distribution.3rd Indo- Pakistan War: Eastern Pakistan

wants Independence.Republic of Bangladesh

Balfour Declaration of 1947Republic of Israel on May 14, 1948Arab league staged attack against Israel Israel won against ArabsAfter the war Arab states declared an economic

embargo against Israel Egyptian Pres. Gamal Abdel Nasser ordered the

control over the Suez canal and closing of Tihran Strait

Suez or Sinai War Egypt Dual allegiance to the USSR and US.UN Emergency Forces

Arab- Israeli Wars

Third Arab- Israeli War Israel Won

Forth Arab-Israeli War/ Ramadan WarIsrael Won

Major Conflict of Iran and Iraq:Racial Conflict, Religious Conflict, Border

ConflictIraqi President: Saddam Hussein, Iranian

President: Ayatollah Khoemeni The battle ended as a draw or stalemate

Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988)

Iraqi President Saddam Hussein accused Kuwait of stealing oil and asking for amnesty.

Iraq invaded KuwaitUN Security Council ordered Iraq to

withdraw 32 countries declared economic embargo

and sent troops. Ceasefire was declared by Feb. 28, 1991 Hussein assassination plot against the US

President

Persian Gulf War (1990-1991)

Vietnam War (1959-1975)North VietnamHeaded by Ho Chi

MinhSupported by

China and Russia and Vietnamese Buddhist

South VietnamPrime Minister Ngo

Dinh DiemSupported by

United States and Catholics

South East Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)

Tonkin ResolutionTet offensiveWithdrawal of US troopsSouth Vietnam surrendered on April 30, 1975

Capital: Saigon

Mikhael GorbachevDenounced involvement in armed conflicts Implementation of glasnost and perestroikaEnded Authoritarianism in the central govt.

and transferred power to local govt. units.Allowed semi-privatization of goodsRight to direct purchase of Goods Freedom of SpeechFormalized the disintegration of the USSR

Disintigration of the Soviet States