Native American

WarsThe Changing Face of Conflict

Pequot War (1634-1638)

• The Pequot vs MBC, Plymouth, Saybrook (CT), & Mohegan

• Colonial Expansion and the desire to control the fur trade caused increasingly violent and frequent incidents.

• The Pequots lost the war.o Hundreds of prisoners were sold into slavery to the West Indies.

• It would take 350 years to regain political and economic power in their traditional homeland along the Pequot and Mystic rivers in what is now southeastern Connecticut.

Mystic Massacre

Beaver Wars (1640s-1670s)

• Who- The Dutch and English supplied the Iroquois and the French supplied and fought alongside the Algonquin speaking tribes.

• What- The French and Iroquois Wars was a longstanding conflict over territory and the control of the fur trapping industry.

• Where- The Great Lakes region• Outcome- The Iroquois successfully took

control of an expanded area in the Great Lakes region.

• Future Implications- As trading partners with the English their alliance will allow the Iroquois conquests to be claimed by the English as the Northwest Territory.

King Phillip’s War (1675-1676)

• The breaking of trade agreements and the expansion of colonists created an incredibly hostile environment.

• Pokanoket chief Metacom — a.k.a. King Philip — led a bloody uprising of the Wampanoag Nation (Pokanoket & others), Nipmuck, and Narragansett tribes. o All Algonquin peoples

King Phillip’s War (1675-1676)

• The fighting lasted fourteen months and destroyed twelve frontier towns.

• Metacom was captured and beheaded. • Some of his supporters escaped to Canada, while

others who surrendered were sold into slavery.

• Document A: “True Relations…”o HAP-Po What are 3 complaints that the Native Americans made to John

Easton?

• Document B: “The Causes and Results…”o HAP-Po What are three different theories that the colonists have for

why Indians attacked English settlements? Do the colonists blame themselves? Explain

King Phillip’s War (1675-1676)

Popé's Rebellion (1680)

• The Pueblo Revolt was an uprising in the province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México,

• The Pueblos successfully killed 400 Spanish and drove the remaining 2,000 settlers out of the province. o Twelve years later the Spanish returned and

were able to reoccupy New Mexico with little opposition

•  The Pueblo Revolt was one of the greatest and most successful rebellions of its sort in North American history. 

The Atlantic World• The Movement of People

o Establishing Colonieso The Slave System

• The Movement of Goodso Mercantilismo The Exchange of Goods (Triangular Trade)

• The Movement of Thoughto The Great Awakening o The Enlightenment

The Movement of People (The Slave

Trade)• Slavery was an integral aspect to the growing territorial

holdings of European countries in the western hemisphere.

• The initial intention to use indigenous slaves quickly gave way to the Atlantic Slave Trade.o During nearly 400 years of Atlantic-centered trade, between 11 and 15 million

Africans arrived in the Americas as slaves. (NA, Caribbean, SA)o Approximately 1 in 20 was brought to North America

The Movement of People (The Slave

Trade)• The Middle Passage became an incredibly

dangerous portion of the process.o Conditions were cramped, disease was rampant… One in six slaves

died during this voyage.

The Movement of Goods

(Mercantilism)• Economic philosophy or practice in which

European powers established colonies to provide raw materials to the Mother Country; the colonies received manufactured goods in return.o Between 1651 and 1673, the English Parliament passed

four Navigation Acts meant to ensure the proper mercantilist trade balance. 

o These DYNAMICALLY restricted colonial trade.o With the prospect of war against the French looming, the British

employed salutary neglect to maintain the colonists’ loyalty.

Read Dr. Carole Shammas’ article “America, the Atlantic, and Global Consumer Demand, 1500-1800”

The Movement of Thought

• More on the Great Awakening and Enlightenment Later…• Make sure you read the pages

out of Henretta!