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Functionalism/Marxism

Functionalist1. Society like an organism/system2. Value consensus

3. Social solidarity4. Socialisation

Marxism (Karl Marx)1. con!ict t"eory (#et$een classes)2. %"e state& t"roug"out "istory& "as #een t"e de'ice or t"e

exloitation o t"e masses #y t"e dominant class and $ill ine'ita#ly#e suerseded #y a socialist& classless society.

3. %"roug" caitalism& t"e ruling classes (#ourgeoisie) exloit t"e$orking class (roletariat)

4. *+yramid, o caitalism-. +erson is exloited i t"ey erorm more la#our t"an needed to

roduce t"e goods t"ey need.. xloiter 0 erorms less la#our t"an needed to roduce t"e goods

t"ey consume.. e miner& "ard la#our& little ay. Manager o mining actory 0 little

$ork& loads o ay.. lienation 0 erson estranged rom t"eir natural "umanity. Marxists

'ie$ t"is as a direct result o caitalism.5. Military 0 a mec"anism or alienation as it creates searation

#et$een grous.

16. +ri'ate in'entory "as reedom.

Materialism 0 caitalism $ay o gi'ing you means to #uy 7t"e latest+"one8& eeds caitalism.7Society does not consist o indi'iduals& #ut exresses t"e sum ointerrelations& t"e relations $it" in $"ic" t"ese indi'iduals stand8 0 Marx

+eriodi9ation 0 (stages to class struggle)1. +rimiti'e communism 0 co:oerati'e tri#al societies2. Sla'e society 0 de'eloment o aristocracy3. Feudalism 0 "ig"er class e'ol'es into caitalism

4. ;aitalism 0 creates emloyment or roletariat-. Socialism 0 $orkers gain class consciousness. ;ommunism 0 a classless and stateless society&

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>umenroletariat 0 criminals& #eggars& eole $it" no stake in t"eeconomy& rostitutes

>andlords 0 "istorically imortant& still o$n some land and o$er

+easants 0 disorganised

;lass consciousness

$areness o society

$areness o kno$ing $"o t"ey are

Society in a state o ake consciousness

Marxists #elie'e eole $"o #elie'e t"eir li'es are #etter t"an t"eyactually are

+eole need to ackno$ledge "o$ cra t"eir li'es are #eore t"ey

can c"ange t"em

7+eole are aslee& dreaming t"ey are a$ake8

deology

system o ideas/ideals& esecially one $"ic" orms t"e #asis oeconomic or olitical t"eory and olicy

e slamic state

Marx 0 7deology is a rocess accomlis"ed #y t"e so called t"inkerconsciously& it is true& #ut $it" alse consciousness. %"e real moti'eimelling "im remain unkno$n to "im8

%"e ideologies $e ossess are t"e ideology o t"e ruling class.

?"at $e do $it" our lie 0 controlled #y $orking class 0 creates aalse consciousness.

@lo#alisation

xansion o glo#al linkages @ro$t" o glo#al consciousness

>A;/MA;

nternet/nternational community

%"roug" t"e mask o unity and eace 0 ruling class are consiring tocreate a 7one $orld go'ernment8 and 7one $orld #ank8

%"e masses o t"e lanet $ill #e c"ied and $orked under a alsereedom

7Bo one is more "oelessly ensla'ed t"an someone $"o alsely#elie'es t"ey are ree8

Freedom o seec" 0 #ut seec" monitored& can,t say certain t"ings

e Aa'id ;ameron $ants to monitor snac"at or 7terrorists8

;riticisms o Marxism

CeDect idea t"at socialism can only #e accomlis"ed t"roug" con!ictand re'olution

Some "a'e reDected some o t"e undamentals o Marxist t"eory.%"ese are t"e t"eories o "istorical materialism and t"e la#ourt"eory o 'alue.