Leonel J. R. Nunes - Pennbioenergy.psu.edu/shortcourses/2018BiocharTorrefied...Leonel J. R. Nunes...
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24/10/18 1 10:45 - Torrefied Pellets for Thermal Energy Leonel J. R. Nunes [email protected] [email protected] Torrefied Pellets for Thermal Energy Torrefaction Process Development Torrefied Products
Transcript of Leonel J. R. Nunes - Pennbioenergy.psu.edu/shortcourses/2018BiocharTorrefied...Leonel J. R. Nunes...
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10:45-TorrefiedPelletsforThermalEnergy
TorrefiedPelletsforThermalEnergy
TorrefactionProcessDevelopment
TorrefiedProducts
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OurLocation
Themainreasontobeinthislocationis...
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Otherimportantvariablesare:
- Particlesize
- Residencetime
- Heatingrate
Dependingonthetechnologyused
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Somedefinitions...
Torrefactionisathermalprocesstoconvertbiomassintoacoal-likematerial,whichhasbetterfuelcharacteristicsthantheoriginalbiomass.Torrefiedbiomassismorebrittle,makinggrindingeasierandlessenergyintensive.Comparedtofreshbiomass,storageofthetorrefiedmaterialcanbesubstantiallysimplifiedsincebiologicaldegradationandwateruptakeisminimized.http://www.btgworld.com/en/rtd/technologies/torrefaction
Torrefactionofbiomass,e.g.,woodorgrain,isamildformofpyrolysisattemperaturestypicallybetween200and320°C.Torrefactionchangesbiomasspropertiestoprovideabetterfuelqualityforcombustionandgasificationapplications.Torrefactionproducesadryproductwithnobiologicalactivitylikerotting.Torrefactioncombinedwithdensificationcreatesanenergy-densefuelcarrierof20to21GJ/tonlowerheatingvalue(LHV).https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torrefaction
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Butarethesedefinitionscorrectoratleastcomplet?
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Consideringthisandinmyopinion...
Biomasstorrefactionisathermochemicalconversionprocessoccurringinatemperaturerangebetween220and310oC,underatmosphericpressureconditionsandintheabsenceofoxygen,wherethemoleculardisintegrationofthehemicelluloseoccurs,maintainingligninandcelluloseinitsoriginalstructures.
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Butwhyisthisdefinitionsoimportant?
Becausewillbethedifferanceofhaving
or
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ClaimsmadeforTorrefaction• Volumetricenergydensificationbringssignificantcost
reductionsintransportandhandling;• Broaderfeedstockbasisgeographicallyandtypesofraw
materials;• Limitedornobiodegradationoftheproductwhenstored;• Largevarietyofapplications;• ReducesCAPEXandOPEXatenduserbecausecanbeusedas
itisincoalfiredplants;• Combustionandgasificationbehaviourmorecompatibleto
coalthanrawbiomassallowinghighcofiringshares;• Canbeadaptedtomeasureclientsrequirements.
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Andintherealworld?
Problemsdetectedandoccurrences• VOC’spresentduringtheprocessandinthefinal
product• Self-heating• Difficultyinpelletizingduetoovertorrefaction• Lowerdurabilityandfinalproductcooling
Solutions• Coolingsystemaftertorrefactionreactorandafter
pelletizing• Temperaturecontrolanduseofnaturalgas• NewdischargechamberandVOC’simproved
extraction
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VOC’spresentinthematerialduringthe
processandinthefinalproduct
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Self-heating
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Difficultyinpelletizingduetoovertorrefactionandextremewearofthe
equipment
Wearofpelletizingequipmentandparts
200h 100h 50h
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Largeenergyconsumptionandequipmentwear
Reducedproductionrate
Toavoidtheeffortintheequipmentwaterisadded...
andjustbadqualitypelletsareobtained
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Buthowcanwehavegoodqualitytorrefiedbiomasspellets?
Rememberthis?
Andthefinalresultis...
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Europeanmarketandfinaluserperspective
https://bioenergyinternational.com/heat-power/dong-energy-to-phase-out-coal-by-2023
Thecoal“problem”
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Coal Woodchips WoodPellets TorrefiedBiomass
Moisturecontent
EnergyContent
HandlingandLogistics
CO2Emissions
RequiredInvestments
Co-FiringRatiowithCoal
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3minutes
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AFSProject
AFSproductionfacility
GeneralviewofAFSproject.Theplantoccupyanareaof42,000m2,dividedinproductionzones,storageareas,warehouses,maintenancefacilitiesandoffices.
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