OPERATING SYSTEMS

PRESENTATION BY

M.YESWANTH KUMAR REDDY

Operating system

Program used to control computer, link between user and internal working of computer and programs

Why We Need Operating Systems

An OPERATING SYSTEM is a PROGRAM which acts as an interface between the user and the hardware to:

1. Facilitate convenient access to hardware by the user

2. Improve efficiency of the system3. Provide security of the system and its

program and data4. Emulate features not available in hardware

User Views of Operating System1. System Calls (For Programmers)

2. System Programs (For Users)

3. Commands (For Superusers)

4. File System (For All)

Modern Operating SystemsWindows (Microsoft Corporation) these include a

family of systems: 98, Me, CE, 2000, XP, Vista, and others

Linux ( (Linus Torvalds, OSF GNU)OSF-1 (DEC, OSF)Solaris (Sun Microsystems) (IRIX (Silicon Graphics)OS2 (IBM)OS/390 (IBM)VMS (Dec/Compaq/HP)MacOS (Apple)

The History of WINDOWS

Timeline of Microsoft Windows •1983 Microsoft Windows was first announced in November, 1983. Timeline of Microsoft Windows •1983 Microsoft Windows was first announced in November, 1983. •1985 Microsoft Windows version 1.0 was released in November, 1985. •1987 Microsoft Windows version 2.0 was released in April, 1987. •1990 Microsoft Windows version 3.0 was released in May, 1990. •1992 Microsoft Windows version 3.1 was released in April, 1992. •1995 Microsoft Windows 95 was released in August, 1995. •1998 Microsoft Windows 98 was released in June, 1998. •1999 Microsoft Windows 98 SE (Second Edition) was released in May, 1999. •2000 Microsoft Windows ME (Millennium) was released in July, 2000. •2001 Microsoft Windows XP was announced on February 5, 2001.

WindowsWindows 95, 98, 2000, ME, NT, XP?Desktop and iconsTask barStart buttonPrograms

Windows XP™Biggest, …most comprehensive, …most widely distributed …general purpose operating system in

history of computing

Affects almost all other systems, one way or another

Windows XP 32-bit preemptive multitasking operating

system for Intel microprocessorsKey goals for the system:

portabilitysecurity POSIX compliance multiprocessor support extensibility international support compatibility with MS-DOS and MS-Windows

applications.Uses a micro-kernel architectureAvailable in at least four versions:

Professional, Server, Advanced Server, National Server

Design Principles (Cont.)Reliability

XP uses hardware protection for virtual memory, software protection mechanisms for OS resources

CompatibilityApplications that follow the IEEE 1003.1

(POSIX) standard can be complied to run on XP without changing the source code

Design Principles (Cont.)Performance

XP subsystems can communicate with one

another via high-performance message passing

Preemption of low priority threads enables the

system to respond quickly to external events

Designed for symmetrical multiprocessing

International supportSupports different locales via the national

language support (NLS) API

So.. What’s the big deal?Windows 7 can be seen as a incremental

update to Windows Vista. It has a simpler user interface and enhancements to performance, but uses the same technologies already in place with Vista.

Windows 7 is made to be compatible with Vista programs, and works with most Vista drivers.

New Feature: Jump Lists

One of the most useful improvements in Windows 7 is the addition of Jump Lists: contextual menus that pop-up when hovering over an icon in the Start menu. Jump Lists also appear when right-clicking on an icon in the taskbar.

Jump ListsThe main role of Jump Lists is to provide

access to recent documents in as few button clicks as possible. For example, opening a recently visited site (or favorite) in Internet Explorer 8 is as simple as right-clicking the IE icon on the taskbar and then left-clicking the site.

In Microsoft Office, Jump Lists can be used to quickly open recent documents.

Jump Lists Contd…

Any program—or file within a Jump List—can also be “pinned” to the taskbar, similar to Quick Launch icons in Windows XP.

New Feature: Program Thumbnails

If a program is open, then hovering over that program’s icon in the taskbar will bring up a thumbnail view of any open windows.

New Feature: HomeGroups

Windows 7 takes a new approach to home networking with the advent of HomeGroups. Sharing files with other Windows 7 PC’s is easy, and is secured with 128bit encryption and a randomly generated password.

New Feature: Action Center

The Security Center in Windows Vista and Windows XP is gone, replaced with Windows 7’s brand new Action Center.

The Action Center not only provides security information, but also problem reports and recovery options—all within a single dialog.

New Feature: Problem Steps Recorder

The Problem Steps Recorder, accessible by typing psr.exe into the Search bar, documents the actions needed to reproduce an error. Once complete, the report can then be given to a system administrator—or used for self analysis—to easily troubleshoot your PC.

New Feature: XP Mode

Windows 7 Ultimate has a freely downloadable add-on that lets users run an instance of Windows XP within a window on their Windows 7 desktop. To use this feature, the PC’s processor must support virtualization.

Missing FeaturesWindows 7 no longer comes with:

– Windows Movie Maker– Windows Messenger– Windows Mail

But new versions of these programs can be downloaded now as part of the Windows Live Essentials pack.

Download the pack at http://download.live.com

Editions and AvailabilityWindows 7 was released on October 20th,

2009. Although 6 different versions are developed, only 2 is initially available at retail:Windows 7 Home PremiumWindows 7 Professional

Windows 7 Ultimate will be accessible via the Windows Anytime Upgrade program.

CREATED BY

M.YESWANTH KUMAR REDDY,

SAMBHRAM ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES,

Bangalore-97

+91-9739367223

………………………..

M.YESWANTH KUMAR REDDY,

RAJUVARI PALLI, KALIKIRI(MD), CHITTOOR(DT),

A.P.

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+91-9441804114