Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering978-981-10-8788-2/1.pdf · Salah Addin Amin Ahmed and M....
Transcript of Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering978-981-10-8788-2/1.pdf · Salah Addin Amin Ahmed and M....
Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering
Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering (LNME) publishes the latestdevelopments in Mechanical Engineering—quickly, informally and with highquality. Original research reported in proceedings and post-proceedings representsthe core of LNME. Volumes published in LNME embrace all aspects, subfields andnew challenges of mechanical engineering. Topics in the series include:
• Engineering Design• Machinery and Machine Elements• Mechanical Structures and Stress Analysis• Automotive Engineering• Engine Technology• Aerospace Technology and Astronautics• Nanotechnology and Microengineering• Control, Robotics, Mechatronics• MEMS• Theoretical and Applied Mechanics• Dynamical Systems, Control• Fluid Mechanics• Engineering Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer• Manufacturing• Precision Engineering, Instrumentation, Measurement• Materials Engineering• Tribology and Surface Technology
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/11236
Mohd Hasnun Arif HassanEditor
Intelligent Manufacturing& MechatronicsProceedings of Symposium, 29 January 2018,Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
123
EditorMohd Hasnun Arif HassanFaculty of Manufacturing EngineeringUniversiti Malaysia PahangPekan, PahangMalaysia
ISSN 2195-4356 ISSN 2195-4364 (electronic)Lecture Notes in Mechanical EngineeringISBN 978-981-10-8787-5 ISBN 978-981-10-8788-2 (eBook)https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8788-2
Library of Congress Control Number: 2018934933
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or partof the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmissionor information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilarmethodology now known or hereafter developed.The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in thispublication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt fromthe relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in thisbook are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor theauthors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein orfor any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard tojurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
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Preface
The Symposium on Intelligent Manufacturing and Mechatronics (SympoSIMM)2018 was held at Universiti Malaysia Pahang in Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia, on 29January 2018. It was organized by the Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering,Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), in collaboration with the Faculty of Manu-facturing Engineering of Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Melaka.Both parties aimed to provide a platform for deliberating empirical and theoreticalresearch that are foreseen in the context of Industry 4.0. With the theme of“Strengthening Innovations Towards Industry 4.0”, it is the first dedicated sym-posium to Industry 4.0 hosted by the organizers. The symposium was graced by avivacious keynote speech entitled “The Ideas of Mechatronics” by Prof. Ir. Dr. WanAzhar Wan Yusoff.
This symposium enticed 120 submissions from authors nationwide. All sub-missions underwent a strenuous peer review process from members of thePeer-Reviewing Technical Committee. The reviews were based on the manuscript’srelevance to the tracks, novelty of the findings, the importance and presentationof the studies towards the particularity of Industry 4.0’s current trends. Followingthe review process, only 65 submissions made it into the symposium, 15 submis-sions were withdrawn, and 40 submissions were rejected due to various reasons.The accepted submissions were divided into five tracks covering various scopes ofmanufacturing engineering and mechatronics stream, namely Intelligent Manufac-turing, Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, Instrumentation, and Modelling and Sim-ulation. This book was divided into five parts based on the aforementioned tracks.
We would like to express our gratitude to all members of the OrganizingCommittee, without which the organization of this symposium would never bepossible. Special thank goes to the management of the Faculty of ManufacturingEngineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, for the support towards the successfulorganization of the symposium. Further, we would like to extend our thanks to allauthors for their participation in the symposium and their valuable contribution tothis book. Last but not least, we would like to appreciate the help from the
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publisher, especially to Dr. Christoph Baumann and Mr. Arumugam Deivasiga-mani. We hope that the contents of this book will benefit the readers in embracingthe new era of industrial revolution 4.0.
Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia Mohd Hasnun Arif HassanJanuary 2018 Zamzuri Hamedon
Siti Zubaidah IsmailAhmad Shahir Jamaludin
Muhammad Aizzat ZakariaAhmad Shahrizan Abdul Ghani
Nurul Akmal Che LahNurul Hidayah Razak
Ahmad Fakhri Ab. NasirAhmad Najmuddin Ibrahim
Asrul AdamZulhelmi Ismail
Mohd Yazid AbuRadhiyah Abd. Aziz
vi Preface
Organizing Committee
Chairman of the Organizing Committee
Zamzuri Hamedon, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia
Vice Chairman of the Organizing Committee
Mohd Hasnun Arif Hassan, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia
Secretary
Siti Zubaidah Ismail, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia
Treasurer
Ahmad Shahir Jamaludin, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia
Submission and Publication Committee
Muhammad Aizzat Zakaria, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaAsrul Adam, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaRadhiyah Abd. Aziz, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaZulhelmi Ismail, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia
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Scientific Reviewing Committee
Ahmad Shahrizan Abdul Ghani, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaNurul Akmal Che Lah, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaNurul Hidayah Razak, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaMohd Yazid Abu, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaAhmad Yusairi Bani Hashim, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, MalaysiaZamberi Jamaludin, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, MalaysiaMuhammad Hafidz Fazli Md Fauadi, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
Publicity Committee
Ahmad Fakhri Ab Nasir, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaAzrul Azwan Abdul Rahman, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Malaysia
Venue and Logistics Committee
Ahmad Najmuddin Ibrahim, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaLokman Abdullah, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Malaysia
Special Tasks Committee
Nurul Hidayah Razak, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaSyamimi Shamsuddin, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, MalaysiaMohd Khairulnazri Saidi, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia
Name of Editors
Mohd Hasnun Arif Hassan, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaZamzuri Hamedon, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaSiti Zubaidah Ismail, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaAhmad Shahir Jamaludin, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaMuhammad Aizzat Zakaria, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaAhmad Shahrizan Abdul Ghani, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaNurul Akmal Che Lah, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaNurul Hidayah Razak, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaAhmad Fakhri Ab. Nasir, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaAhmad Najmuddin Ibrahim, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia
viii Organizing Committee
Asrul Adam, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaZulhelmi Ismail, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaMohd Yazid Abu, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, MalaysiaRadhiyah Abd. Aziz, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia
Organizing Committee ix
Contents
Part I Intelligent Manufacturing
Mathematical Modelling of Biomechanics Factors for Push Activitiesin Manufacturing Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Seri Rahayu Kamat, Mohammad Firdaus Ani, Athira Ghazali,Syamimi Shamsuddin, Momoyo Ito and Minoru Fukumi
Ergonomics Study of Working Postures in Manual Hand LayupProcess . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Nur Syafiqah Rayme, Seri Rahayu Kamat, Syamimi Shamsuddin,Wan Hasrulnizzam Wan Mahmood and Noor’ain Azizan
Mismatch in Anthropometric Parameters of MalaysianManufacturing Workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Nur Syafiqah Rayme, Seri Rahayu Kamat, Syamimi Shamsuddin,Wan Hasrulnizzam Wan Mahmood and Ruzy Haryati Hambali
Development Tools of an Adaptive Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Muhammad Azri Othman, Mohamad Minhat, Zamberi Jamaludinand Ahamad Zaki Mohamed Noor
Innovative Method of Measuring Electrode Wear During EDMDrilling Process Using Vision System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Zamzuri Hamedon, I. Razemi, A. R. Abdul Manafand Nafrizuan Mat Yahya
Suppression on Effect of Cutting Forces Towards TrackingPerformance in Milling Cutting Process Using State Observers . . . . . . . 65Madihah Maharof, Zamberi Jamaludin, Mohamad Minhat,Nur Amira Anang, Tsung Heng Chiew and J. Jamaludin
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Effect of Filler Loading on Tracking and Erosion of Silicone RubberBased Composites Under DC Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Najwa Kamarudin, Jeefferie Abd Razak, Nurbahirah Norddin,Aminuddin Aman and Nazurah Nazir
Design and Implementation of Cascade NP/PI Controller for FeedTable Ball Screw Driven Milling Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Nur Amira Anang, Lokman Abdullah, Zamberi Jamaludin,Madihah Maharof and Tsung Heng Chiew
A Resonant Type AC Magnetometer for Evaluation of MagneticNanoparticles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Nazatul Sharreena Suhaimi, Mohd Mawardi Saari, Hamzah Ahmad,Mohd Rusllim Mohamed and Nurul Akmal Che Lah
Optimization of Multi-holes Drilling Path Using Particle SwarmOptimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101Najwa Wahida Zainal Abidin, Mohd Fadzil Faisae Ab. Rashidand Nik Mohd Zuki Nik Mohamed
Development of 3D Printed Heart Model for Medical Training . . . . . . . 109Khairul Shah Affendy Yakof, Nor Fazlin Zabudin, Idris Mat Sahatand Mohd Azrul Hisham Mohd Adib
Investigating the Influences of Automated Material Handling System(AMHS) and Effect of Layout Changing in Automotive AssemblyProcess . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117Seha Saffar, Zamberi Jamaludin and Fairul Azni Jafar
Systematic Approach for Uncertainty Delta E Data for CompositesPanel Coating Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131Elmi Abu Bakar, W. A. F. W. Othman and A. R. Othman
Statistical Analysis of the Machining Parameters in Drillingof Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastics (CFRP) Compositewith Various Drill Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141A. R. Othman, M. H. Hassan, Elmi Abu Bakar and W. A. F. W. Othman
Surface Roughness and Wear Properties of Al–Al2O3 Metal MatrixComposites Fabricated Using Friction Stir Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155N. Fatchurrohman and Azriee Abdullah
A Knowledge-Based Ergonomics Assessment System for WMSDPrevention Using AHP Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161Fazilah Abdul Aziz, Zakri Ghazalli, Mohd Jawad Mohd Jamil,Awanis Romli and Nik Mohd Zuki Nik Mohamed
xii Contents
Part II Robotics
The Identification and Control of a Finger Exoskeleton for GraspingRehabilitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177Zahari Taha, Muhammad Muaz Alim, Anwar P. P. Abdul Majeed,Muhammad Aizzat Zakaria, Mohd Azraai Mohd Razman,Mohd Ali Hanafiah Shaharudin and Mohd Hasnun Arif Hassan
Trajectory Tracking Analysis of Planar End-Effector Upper LimbRehabilitation Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183H. Y. Lim and Muhammad Aizzat Zakaria
Survey on Animal Robot PARO in Malaysia: Perception andAcceptance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197Muhammad Winal Zikril Zulkifli, Syamimi Shamsuddinand Lim Thiam Hwee
Shortest Path Planning for Noncircular Omnidirectional MobileRobot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209Salah Addin Amin Ahmed and M. Juhairi Aziz Safar
Preparation, Field Observation and Survey on STEMEngagement of 5-Axis Pick-and-Place Pneumatic Robotic ArmRemote-Manipulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219Ahmad Anas Yusof, Ihsan Ismail, Syarizal Bakri,Mohd Khairi Mohamed Nor and Rabiah Ahmad
Facing the Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Competition Challenge:The TUAH AUV Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231Ahmad Anas Yusof, Mohd Khairi Mohamed Nor,Shamsul Anuar Shamsudin, Mohd Rizal Alkahari,Mohd Shahrieel bin Mohd Aras and Mohamad Riduwan Md. Nawawi
Motion Tracker Based Wheeled Mobile Robot System Identificationand Controller Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241Dwi Pebrianti, Yong Hooi Hao, Nur Aisyah Syafinaz Suarin,Luhur Bayuaji, Zulkifli Musa, Mohammad Syafrullah and Indra Riyanto
The Development of PANTHER AUV for Autonomous UnderwaterVehicle Competition Challenge 2017/2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259Ahmad Anas Yusof, Mohd Khairi Mohamed Nor,Shamsul Anuar Shamsudin, Mohd Rizal Alkahari and Masjuri Musa
Waypoint Navigation of Quad-rotor MAV UsingFuzzy-PID Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271Goh Ming Qian, Dwi Pebrianti, Luhur Bayuaji, Nor Rul Hasma Abdullah,Mahfuzah Mustafa, Mohammad Syafrullah and Indra Riyanto
Contents xiii
Development of Pole-Like Tree Spiral Climbing Robot . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285M. A. Mustapa, W. A. F. W. Othman, Elmi Abu Bakar and A. R. Othman
Data-Driven PID Tuning Based on Safe Experimentation Dynamicsfor Control of Double-Pendulum-Type Overhead Crane . . . . . . . . . . . . 295Nor Sakinah Abdul Shukor and Mohd Ashraf Ahmad
Integral Super Twisting Sliding Mode Control (ISTSMC) Applicationin 1DOF Internal Mass Autonomous Underwater Glider (AUG) . . . . . . 305Maziyah Mat-Noh, M. R. Arshad, Rosmiwati Mohd-Mokhtarand Zainah Md Zain
X4-ROV: The Open Source Underwater Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327Zainah Md Zain and Khairil Ashraf Ab. Rahim
Effect of Assistive Grouser Mechanism on Lightweight Rover PowerConsumption Pattern on Steep Soft Sand Inclines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343Ahmad Najmuddin Ibrahim and Yasuhiro Fukuoka
Part III Artificial Intelligence
Development of Ergonomic Vehicle Model and Decision SupportSystem for Driving Fatigue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355Mohammad Firdaus Ani, Seri Rahayu Kamat, Minoru Fukumi,Momoyo Ito, Mohamad Minhat and Nur Syafiqah Rayme
Talent Identification of Potential Archers Through Fitnessand Motor Ability Performance Variables by Means of ArtificialNeural Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371Zahari Taha, Rabiu Muazu Musa, Anwar P. P. Abdul Majeed,Mohamad Razali Abdullah and Mohd Hasnun Arif Hassan
Classification of High Performance Archers by Means ofBio-physiological Performance Variables via k-NearestNeighbour Classification Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377Zahari Taha, Rabiu Muazu Musa, Anwar P. P. Abdul Majeed,Mohamad Razali Abdullah, Ahmad Fakhri Ab. Nasirand Mohd Hasnun Arif Hassan
The Application of Support Vector Machine in Classifying PotentialArchers Using Bio-mechanical Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385Zahari Taha, Rabiu Muazu Musa, Anwar P. P. Abdul Majeed,Mohamad Razali Abdullah, Muhammad Amirul Abdullahand Mohd Hasnun Arif Hassan
xiv Contents
The Identification of Hunger Behaviour of Lates CalcariferUsing k-Nearest Neighbour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393Zahari Taha, Mohd Azraai Mohd Razman, F. A. Adnan,Anwar P. P. Abdul Majeed, Rabiu Muazu Musa,Ahmad Shahrizan Abdul Ghani, M. F. Sallehudin and Y. Mukai
Decision Making Support System Using Intelligence Toolsto Select Best Alternative in Design for Remanufacturing(Economy Indicator) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401Ahamad Zaki Mohamed Noor, Muhammad Hafidz Fazli Md Fauadi,Fairul Azni Jafar, Nor Rashidah Mohamad,Muhammad Winal Zikril Zulkifli, Muhammad Haziq Hasbulah,Muhammad Azri Othman, Mahasan Mat Ali, Jee Boon Gohand Rajandran Morthui
Towards EEG-Based Brain-Controlled Modular Robots: PreliminaryFramework by Interfacing OpenVIBE, Python and V-REP forSimulate Modular Robot Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415Muhammad Haziq Hasbulah, Fairul Azni Jafar, M. Hisham Nordinand Kazutaka Yokota
Genetic Algorithm Optimization of PID Controller for BrushedDC Motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427A. A. M. Zahir, S. S. N. Alhady, W. A. F. W. Othman and M. F. Ahmad
SKF-Based Image Template Matching for Distance Measurementby Using Stereo Vision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439Nurnajmin Qasrina Ann, Dwi Pebrianti, Luhur Bayuaji,Mohd Razali Daud, Rosdiyana Samad, Zuwairie Ibrahim,Rosyati Hamid and Mohammad Syafrullah
Butterfly Species Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network . . . . . . . 449S. S. N. Alhady and Xin Yong Kai
Investigation of Steering Wheel Control of an Electric BuggyCar for Designing Fuzzy Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459Hafiz Halin, Wan Khairunizam, K. Ikram, Hasri Haris, S. A. Bakar,Z. M. Razlan, I. Zunaidi and H. Desa
Statistical Pattern Recognition as an After Service for StatisticalProcess Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469Norazlin Nasir, A. Y. Bani Hashim, Muhammad Hafidz Fazli Md Fauadiand Teruaki Ito
Visual Based Distance Recognition Technique by Using PixyCMUcam5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479M. F. Ahmad, S. S. N. Alhady, Wan Rahiman,W. A. F. W. Othman and A. A. M. Zahir
Contents xv
Parallel Guided Image Processing Model for Ficus Deltoidea(Jack) Moraceae Varietal Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487Ahmad Fakhri Ab. Nasir, Ahmad Shahrizan Abdul Ghaniand M. Nordin A. Rahman
Part IV Instrumentation
Ontological Framework of Arm Gesture Information for the HumanUpper Body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507Wan Khairunizam, K. Ikram, S. A. Bakar, Z. M. Razlan and I. Zunaidi
RGB Classification Determination with Different Light Intensity UsingPixy CMUcam5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517M. F. Ahmad, S. S. N. Alhady, Wan Rahiman, W. A. F. W. Othmanand A. A. M. Zahir
Detection of Metallic Contaminant in Aluminium Soda Can UsingTMR Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527Nurul A’in Nadzri, Mohd Mawardi Saari, Saifuddin Razali,Mohd Rusllim Mohamed and Hamzah Ahmad
Performance Evaluation of Distributed Gain Offered by RamanAmplifier in WDM and EDFA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537M. Z. H. Jesmeen, J. Hossen, Thangavel Bhuvaneswari, M. A. Hasnayeen,J. Emerson Raja and K. Tawsif
Vehicle Detection System Using Tunnel Magnetoresistance Sensor . . . . 547Nurul A’in Nadzri, Chai Kar Hoe, Mohd Mawardi Saari, Saifuddin Razali,Mohd Razali Daud and Hamzah Ahmad
Ergonomic Study on Wrist Rehabilitation Therapy(WRist-T) Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557Nurul Ain Abdul Shukor, Idris Mat Sahat andMohd Azrul Hisham Mohd Adib
Pressure Transient Characteristic in Fluid Condition During Openedand Closed Water Line Based on Experimental Method . . . . . . . . . . . . 565Syarizal Bakri, Ihsan Ismail, Ahmad Anas Yusof and Suhaimi Misha
Electronic Water Balancing Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573Cheow Kah Chun, Ahmad Shahrizan Abdul Ghani, Ker Shao Jiun,Nur Syazwani Abdul Gani, Muhamad Izdhar Zakiand Ahmad Fakhri Ab. Nasir
Development of a Soccer Ball Launching Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591Mohd Hasnun Arif Hassan, Zahari Taha, Mohd Ali Hanafiah Shaharudin,Lim Kok Wee and Zulfika Anuar
xvi Contents
Part V Modelling and Simulation
A Study on the Exposure of Vertical Vibration Towards the Brain onSeated Human Driver Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 601Nurul Afiqah Zainal, Muhammad Aizzat Zakaria and K. Baarath
An Investigation on the Effect of Lateral Motion on Normal ForcesActing on Each Tires for Nonholonomic Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 611K. Baarath, Muhammad Aizzat Zakaria and Nurul Afiqah Zainal
Numerical Analysis of Fuzzy Logic Temperature and HumidityControl System in Pharmaceutical Warehouse Using MATLABFuzzy Toolbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623Nurainaa Elias, Nafrizuan Mat Yahya and Er Hong Sing
Parameter Properties of a Sliding Mode Controller Designin Friction Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 631N. A. Rafan, Zamberi Jamaludin, Tsung Heng Chiew and N. A. Mulop
System Interface Design for CAD/CAM-Simulink Data ExchangeSystem Using MATLAB
®. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639
N. Mat Seman, Zamberi Jamaludin and Mohamad Minhat
Single-Solution Simulated Kalman Filter Algorithm for Routingin Printed Circuit Board Drilling Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 649Nor Hidayati Abdul Aziz, Zuwairie Ibrahim, Nor Azlina Ab Aziz,Zulkifli Md. Yusof and Mohd Saberi Mohamad
Performance Evaluation of Random Search Based Methodson Model-Free Wind Farm Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 657Mok Ren Hao, Mohd Ashraf Ahmad, Raja Mohd Taufika Raja Ismailand Ahmad Nor Kasruddin Nasir
The Development of Graphical Overall Equipment EffectivenessInterface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671Norazlin Nasir, Teruaki Ito, A. Y. Bani Hashimand Muhammad Hafidz Fazli Md Fauadi
Effect of Length on Pressure Characteristic in the Water HydraulicMain Line Circuit Using Simulink-Simscape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 685Ihsan Ismail, Syarizal Bakri, Ahmad Anas Yusof and Suhaimi Misha
An Enhancement in Control Laws of Super Twisting Sliding ModeServo Drive Controller Using Hyperbolic Tangent Functionand Arc Tangent Smoothing Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695Zamberi Jamaludin, Tsung Heng Chiew, A. Y. Bani Hashim,Lokman Abdullah and N. A. Rafan
Contents xvii
Finite Element Analysis of Strand Burner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 705M. Hafizi, M. M. Noor, R. Mamat, A. Aziz and A. T. Termizi
High Precision Estimation on Physical Behavior for Cuttingwith Various Tool Rake Angle by Finite Element Method . . . . . . . . . . . 715Ahmad Shahir Jamaludin, Hosokawa Akira, Tatsuaki Furumoto,Tomohiro Koyano and Yohei Hashimoto
xviii Contents
Contributors
M. Nordin A. Rahman Faculty of Informatics and Computing, Universiti SultanZainal Abidin, Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
Nor Azlina Ab Aziz Faculty of Engineering and Technology, MultimediaUniversity, Melaka, Malaysia
Ahmad Fakhri Ab. Nasir Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics, and SportsLab (IMAMS), Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
Khairil Ashraf Ab. Rahim Robotics and Unmanned Research Group (RUS),Instrument & Control Engineering (ICE) Cluster, Faculty of Electrical and Elec-tronics Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Mohd Fadzil Faisae Ab. Rashid Manufacturing Focus Group, Faculty ofMechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia
Jeefferie Abd Razak Advanced Manufacturing Center, Faculty of ManufacturingEngineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka,Malaysia
Fazilah Abdul Aziz Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti MalaysiaPahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia; Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering,Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Nor Hidayati Abdul Aziz Faculty of Engineering and Technology, MultimediaUniversity, Melaka, Malaysia; Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia
Nur Syazwani Abdul Gani Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Pahang, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
xix
Ahmad Shahrizan Abdul Ghani Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics, andSports Lab (IMAMS), Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti MalaysiaPahang, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
Anwar P. P. Abdul Majeed Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics and SportsLaboratory, Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
A. R. Abdul Manaf Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti MalaysiaPahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Nurul Ain Abdul Shukor Medical Engineering & Health Intervention Team(MedEHiT), Human Engineering Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Azriee Abdullah Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti MalaysiaPahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Lokman Abdullah Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti TeknikalMalaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Mohamad Razali Abdullah Faculty of Applied Social Sciences, Universiti SultanZainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
Muhammad Amirul Abdullah Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics andSports Laboratory, Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti MalaysiaPahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Nor Rul Hasma Abdullah Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia
Elmi Abu Bakar School of Aerospace Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia,Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
F. A. Adnan Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics and Sports Lab (iMAMS),Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan,Pahang, Malaysia
Hamzah Ahmad Faculty of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
M. F. Ahmad School of Electric and Electronic, Engineering Campus UniversitiSains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
Mohd Ashraf Ahmad Instrumentation & Control Engineering Research Group(ICE), Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan,Pahang, Malaysia
Rabiah Ahmad Faculty of Information and Communication Technology,Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
xx Contributors
Salah Addin Amin Ahmed School of Mechatronic Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Perlis, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
Hosokawa Akira Institute of Science and Technology, Kanazawa University,Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
S. S. N. Alhady School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti SainsMalaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
Muhammad Muaz Alim Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics and SportsLaboratory, Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Mohd Rizal Alkahari Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti TeknikalMalaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Aminuddin Aman Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti TeknikalMalaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Nur Amira Anang Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti TeknikalMalaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Mohammad Firdaus Ani Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, UniversitiTeknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia; Tokushima Malaysia AcademicCenter (TMAC), Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan; Department of Infor-mation Science and Intelligent System, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
Nurnajmin Qasrina Ann Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia
Zulfika Anuar Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
M. R. Arshad Underwater, Control Robotics Research Group (UCRG), School ofElectrical and Electronic Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti SainsMalaysia, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
A. Aziz Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan,Malaysia
Noor’ain Azizan Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti TeknikalMalaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Malaysia
K. Baarath Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
S. A. Bakar School of Mechatronic, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia
Contributors xxi
Syarizal Bakri Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal MalaysiaMelaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
A. Y. Bani Hashim Institute of Technology and Science, Tokushima University,Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, Japan; Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering,Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Luhur Bayuaji Faculty of Computer Science and Software Engineering,Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Malaysia; Magister of Computer Science,Universitas Budi Luhur, South Jakarta, Indonesia
Thangavel Bhuvaneswari Faculty of Engineering and Technology, MultimediaUniversity, Ayer Keroh, Melaka, Malaysia
Nurul Akmal Che Lah Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics and Sports Lab(iMAMS), Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Tsung Heng Chiew Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti TeknikalMalaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Cheow Kah Chun Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics, and Sports Lab(IMAMS), Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
Mohd Razali Daud Faculty of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
H. Desa Advanced Computing and Sustainable School of Mechatronic, UniversitiMalaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia
Nurainaa Elias Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, University MalaysiaPahang (UMP), Pekan, Malaysia
J. Emerson Raja Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University,Ayer Keroh, Melaka, Malaysia
N. Fatchurrohman Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti MalaysiaPahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Minoru Fukumi Department of Information Science and Intelligent System,Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
Yasuhiro Fukuoka Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, College ofEngineering, Ibaraki University, Hitachi, Japan
Tatsuaki Furumoto Institute of Science and Technology, Kanazawa University,Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
Athira Ghazali Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Melaka, Malaysia
xxii Contributors
Zakri Ghazalli Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Jee Boon Goh Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti TeknikalMalaysia, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
M. Hafizi Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan,Malaysia
Hafiz Halin Advanced Computing and Sustainable School of Mechatronic,Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia
Ruzy Haryati Hambali Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, UniversitiTeknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Malaysia
Zamzuri Hamedon Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti MalaysiaPahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Rosyati Hamid Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia
Mok Ren Hao Instrumentation & Control Engineering Research Group (ICE),Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang,Malaysia
Yong Hooi Hao Electrical & Instrument Department, CNI Engineering Costruc-tion Sdn. Bhd, Johor, Malaysia
Hasri Haris Advanced Computing and Sustainable School of Mechatronic,Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia
Muhammad Haziq Hasbulah Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, UniversitiTeknikal Malaysia, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Yohei Hashimoto Institute of Science and Technology, Kanazawa University,Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
M. A. Hasnayeen International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong,Bangladesh
M. H. Hassan School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia,Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Mohd Hasnun Arif Hassan Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics and SportsLaboratory, Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Contributors xxiii
M. Hisham Nordin Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti TeknikalMalaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Chai Kar Hoe Faculty of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Universiti MalaysiaPahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
J. Hossen Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University, AyerKeroh, Melaka, Malaysia
Lim Thiam Hwee Psychosocial Department, SOCSO Tun Razak RehabilitationCenter, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Ahmad Najmuddin Ibrahim Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Zuwairie Ibrahim Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia; Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering,Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia
K. Ikram Advanced Computing and Sustainable School of Mechatronic,Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia
Ihsan Ismail Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal MalaysiaMelaka, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia
Momoyo Ito Department of Information Science and Intelligent System,Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
Teruaki Ito Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Teknikal MalaysiaMelaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Fairul Azni Jafar Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti TeknikalMalaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Ahmad Shahir Jamaludin Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
J. Jamaludin Faculty of Engineering, Technology and Built Environment, UCSIUniversity Kuala Lumpur, Taman Taynton View, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Zamberi Jamaludin Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti TeknikalMalaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
M. Z. H. Jesmeen Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia Univer-sity, Ayer Keroh, Melaka, Malaysia
Ker Shao Jiun Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti MalaysiaPahang, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
xxiv Contributors
Xin Yong Kai School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Universiti SainsMalaysia, George Town, Malaysia
Najwa Kamarudin Advanced Manufacturing Center, Faculty of ManufacturingEngineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka,Malaysia
Seri Rahayu Kamat Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti TeknikalMalaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Malaysia; Tokushima Malaysia Aca-demic Center (TMAC), Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
Wan Khairunizam Advanced Computing and Sustainable School of Mecha-tronic, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia
Tomohiro Koyano Institute of Science and Technology, Kanazawa University,Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
H. Y. Lim Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics & Sports Laboratory(IMAMS), Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Madihah Maharof Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti TeknikalMalaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
R. Mamat Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,Pekan, Malaysia
Mahasan Mat Ali Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti TeknikalMalaysia, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Idris Mat Sahat Medical Engineering & Health Intervention Team (MedEHiT),Human Engineering Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia
N. Mat Seman Fakulti Kejuruteraan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal MalaysiaMelaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Maziyah Mat-Noh Instrumentation and Control Engineering (ICE) Cluster, Fac-ulty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan,Pahang, Malaysia
Muhammad Hafidz Fazli Md Fauadi Institute of Technology and Science,Tokushima University, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, Japan; Faculty of Manufac-turing Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka,Malaysia
Zulkifli Md. Yusof Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti MalaysiaPahang, Pekan, Malaysia
Zainah Md Zain Robotics and Unmanned Research Group (RUS), Instrument &Control Engineering (ICE) Cluster, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engi-neering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Contributors xxv
Mohamad Minhat Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti TeknikalMalaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia
Suhaimi Misha Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal MalaysiaMelaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Mohd Saberi Mohamad Faculty of Creative Technology and Heritage, UniversitiMalaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, Malaysia
Nor Rashidah Mohamad Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, UniversitiTeknikal Malaysia, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Mohd Rusllim Mohamed Faculty of Electrical & Electronic Engineering,Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Ahamad Zaki Mohamed Noor Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, UniversitiTeknikal Malaysia, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Mohd Azrul Hisham Mohd Adib Medical Engineering & Health InterventionTeam (MedEHiT), Human Engineering Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Mohd Shahrieel bin Mohd Aras Faculty of Electrical Engineering, UniversitiTeknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Mohd Jawad Mohd Jamil Faculty of Computer Systems and Software Engi-neering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
Rosmiwati Mohd-Mokhtar Underwater, Control Robotics Research Group(UCRG), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Engineering Campus,Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Rajandran Morthui Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti TeknikalMalaysia, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Y. Mukai Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, JalanSultan Ahmad Shah, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
N. A. Mulop Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Teknikal MalaysiaMelaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Masjuri Musa Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal MalaysiaMelaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Rabiu Muazu Musa Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics and Sports Labo-ratory, Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan,Pahang, Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Social Sciences, Universiti Sultan ZainalAbidin, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
Zulkifli Musa Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia
xxvi Contributors
Mahfuzah Mustafa Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia
M. A. Mustapa School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Universiti SainsMalaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
Nurul A’in Nadzri Faculty of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Ahmad Nor Kasruddin Nasir Instrumentation & Control Engineering ResearchGroup (ICE), Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan,Pahang, Malaysia
Norazlin Nasir Institute of Technology and Science, Tokushima University,Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, Japan; Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering,Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka,Malaysia
Mohamad Riduwan Md. Nawawi Faculty of Electrical Engineering, UniversitiTeknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Nazurah Nazir Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal MalaysiaMelaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Nik Mohd Zuki Nik Mohamed Manufacturing Focus Group, Faculty ofMechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia
M. M. Noor Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,Pekan, Malaysia
Mohd Khairi Mohamed Nor Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, UniversitiTeknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Nurbahirah Norddin Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti TeknikalMalaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
A. R. Othman Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi Petro-nas, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
Muhammad Azri Othman Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, UniversitiTeknikal Malaysia, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
W. A. F. W. Othman School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, UniversitiSains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
Dwi Pebrianti Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia; Magister of Computer Science, UniversitasBudi Luhur, Jakarta, Indonesia
Goh Ming Qian Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia
Contributors xxvii
N. A. Rafan Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Teknikal MalaysiaMelaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Wan Rahiman School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti SainsMalaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
Raja Mohd Taufika Raja Ismail Instrumentation & Control EngineeringResearch Group (ICE), Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti MalaysiaPahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Nur Syafiqah Rayme Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti TeknikalMalaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Malaysia
Saifuddin Razali Faculty of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
I. Razemi Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Z. M. Razlan Advanced Computing and Sustainable School of Mechatronic,Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia
Mohd Azraai Mohd Razman Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics andSports Laboratory, Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti MalaysiaPahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Indra Riyanto Department of Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,Universitas Budi Luhur, Jakarta, Indonesia
Awanis Romli Faculty of Computer Systems and Software Engineering, Univer-siti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
Mohd Mawardi Saari Faculty of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
M. Juhairi Aziz Safar School of Mechatronic Engineering, Universiti MalaysiaPerlis, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
Seha Saffar Centre of Graduates Studies, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka,Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
M. F. Sallehudin Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia,Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
Rosdiyana Samad Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia
Mohd Ali Hanafiah Shaharudin Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics andSports Lab (iMAMS), Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti MalaysiaPahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Syamimi Shamsuddin Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Tekni-kal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Malaysia
xxviii Contributors
Shamsul Anuar Shamsudin Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, UniversitiTeknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Nor Sakinah Abdul Shukor Faculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering(FKEE), Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Er Hong Sing Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, University MalaysiaPahang (UMP), Pekan, Malaysia
Nur Aisyah Syafinaz Suarin Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia
Nazatul Sharreena Suhaimi Faculty of Electrical & Electronic Engineering,Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Mohammad Syafrullah Magister of Computer Science, Universitas Budi Luhur,Jakarta, Indonesia
Zahari Taha Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics and Sports Laboratory,Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan,Pahang, Malaysia
K. Tawsif Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University, AyerKeroh, Melaka, Malaysia
A. T. Termizi Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,Pekan, Malaysia
Wan Hasrulnizzam Wan Mahmood Faculty of Engineering Technology,Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Malaysia
Lim Kok Wee Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics and Sports Lab(iMAMS), Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Nafrizuan Mat Yahya Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, UniversityMalaysia Pahang (UMP), Pekan, Malaysia
Khairul Shah Affendy Yakof Medical Engineering & Health Intervention Team(MedEHiT), Human Engineering Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia
Kazutaka Yokota Research Division of Design and Engineering for Sustain-ability, Graduate School of Engineering, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya-shi,Japan
Ahmad Anas Yusof Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti TeknikalMalaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Nor Fazlin Zabudin Medical Engineering & Health Intervention Team (MedE-HiT), Human Engineering Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia
Contributors xxix
A. A. M. Zahir School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti SainsMalaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
Najwa Wahida Zainal Abidin Manufacturing Focus Group, Faculty ofMechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia
Nurul Afiqah Zainal Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti MalaysiaPahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Muhammad Aizzat Zakaria Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics & SportsLaboratory (IMAMS), Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti MalaysiaPahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Muhamad Izdhar Zaki Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, UniversitiMalaysia Pahang, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
Muhammad Winal Zikril Zulkifli Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering,Universiti Teknikal Malaysia, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
I. Zunaidi Technopreneur at UniMAP Sdn. Bhd., Perlis, Malaysia
xxx Contributors