Lecture 6
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Transcript of Lecture 6
Earth and SpaceEarth and Space
Earth’s Vital StatisticsEarth’s Vital Statistics
Adams and Lambert. Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide To Science, 2006. NY: Chelsea House
Locating Places on the EarthLocating Places on the Earth
Reference lines (imaginary lines) Equator – line that equally divides the earth into upper and lower hemispheres
Latitude –horizontal line drawn with respect to the equator Adams and Lambert. Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide To
Science, 2006. NY: Chelsea House
Locating Places on the EarthLocating Places on the Earth
Reference lines (imaginary lines) Prime Meridian – line that equally divides the earth into left and right hemispheres
Longitude –vertical line drawn with respect to the prime meridian
Adams and Lambert. Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide To Science, 2006. NY: Chelsea House
How to tell direction?How to tell direction?
•
Example: Manila: 14o N; 120oE
Adams and Lambert. Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide To Science, 2006. NY: Chelsea House
Key Latitudes and LongitudeKey Latitudes and Longitude
Adams and Lambert. Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide To Science, 2006. NY: Chelsea House
Earth’s RotationEarth’s Rotation
Counterclockwise (East to West) Results to day and night
One complete rotation = 24 hours
Adams and Lambert. Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide To Science, 2006. NY: Chelsea House
Standard Time ZoneStandard Time Zone
Divides the globe into 24 time zones 180o WEST and EAST of the prime meridian (0o) Each time zone covers 15o longitudes a 1 time zone = 1 hour Important consideration: West or East
ExampleManila: 120o East
Standard Time ZoneStandard Time Zone
http://www.mapsofworld.com/time-zone-map/maps/world-time-zone.jpg
Standard Time ZoneStandard Time Zone
International date line Passing thorough this lineprompts addition/subtraction of 24 hours exactly opposite of the prime meridian (0o longitude) @ 180o)
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
commons/6/61/International_Date_Line.png
Solar SystemSolar System
is composed of one star (Sun), planets and their natural satellites (moons), and other heavenly objects
they ALL revolve around the sun Sun is the center of the solar system
Solar System Solar System
http://www.infoplease.com/spot/solar-system.html
SunSun
It is a star The closest star from the earth or other objects in the solar system
Adams and Lambert. Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide To Science, 2006. NY: Chelsea House
Energy of the sunEnergy of the sun
• Comes from the fusion of Hydrogen gas to helium
• Occurs in the sun’s core
Adams and Lambert. Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide To Science, 2006. NY: Chelsea House
PlanetsPlanets
IAU (Aug. 24, 2006) criteria: The object must be in orbit around the sun It must be the only object that “use” its orbit Spherical in shape due to gravity
Solar System Solar System
http://www.infoplease.com/spot/solar-system.html
Why was Pluto demoted?Why was Pluto demoted?
IAU (Aug. 24, 2006) criteria: The object must be in orbit around the sun It must be the only object that use its orbit Spherical in shape due to gravity
Planetary MotionsPlanetary Motions
Rotation on its axis Revolution around the sun
RevolutionRevolution
One complete revolution around the sun = 1 year
Follows a track = railway = orbit Each planet has their own orbit
Earth’s OrbitEarth’s Orbit
Gravity pull of the sunKeeps the earth from straying away from its Orbit.
gravity vs. inertia
Adams and Lambert. Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide To Science, 2006. NY: Chelsea House
Earth’s OrbitEarth’s Orbit
elliptical in shape
Adams and Lambert. Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide To Science, 2006. NY: Chelsea House
Moons in the solar systemMoons in the solar system
Planet No. of MoonsMercury 0
Venus 0
Earth 1
Mars 2
Jupiter 62
Saturn 33
Uranus 27
Neptune 13
http://www.spacetoday.org/SolSys/Moons/MoonsSolSys.html
Earth’s MoonEarth’s Moon
Rotates on its axis No light of its own
Adams and Lambert. Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide To Science, 2006. NY: Chelsea House
EclipsesEclipses
When shadow of a heavenly body falls on another
Solar/Lunar eclipse Partial/Total Eclipse
Solar EclipseSolar Eclipse
Adams and Lambert. Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide To Science, 2006. NY: Chelsea House
Solar EclipseSolar Eclipse
Adams and Lambert. Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide To Science, 2006. NY: Chelsea House
Lunar EclipseLunar Eclipse
Adams and Lambert. Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide To Science, 2006. NY: Chelsea House
Lunar EclipseLunar Eclipse
Adams and Lambert. Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide To Science, 2006. NY: Chelsea House
Other heavenly objectsOther heavenly objects
Asteroids belt – found between Mars and Jupiter
Comets Meteoroids Meteor Meteorite
Beyond solar systemBeyond solar system
Solar system is part of the Milky way galaxy Galaxy = billions of stars that move around
through space as one unit
StarsStars
Huge ball of flaming gas Has a life cycle constellations
http://www.tepapa.govt.nz/space/Images/star_constellations3.gif
ReferencesReferences
• Adams and Lambert. Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide To Science, 2006. NY: Chelsea House
• Rabago, Lilia M., et al. Dynamic Science. 2003. QC: vibal Publishing House