Lecture 2.1 Student
22
7/21/2019 Lecture 2.1 Student http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/lecture-21-student 1/22 Today’s Plan: 1) Why Study Ecology and Evolution? 2) REVIEW: Scientific Method 3) Statistics
Transcript of Lecture 2.1 Student
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Today’s Plan:
1)
Why Study Ecology and Evolution?
2) REVIEW: Scientific Method
3) Statistics
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Announcements
1)
First lab for this class starts THIS WEEK!2)
Don’t forget – Assignment #1 (9/8)
3) PRETEST MAKEUP: TODAY after class (Colton 431)
Tuesday 11:35 Colton 431
4) Reading for WEDNESDAY: Genetic Primer (on
Moodle!)
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Ecology and Evolution in the NEWS!
@EMWisner#BIOL205
http://www.npr.org/blogs/goatsandsoda/2014/08/21/341930621/sea-lions-and-seals-swam-tuberculosis-to-ancient-peruvians
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1) Why study Ecology and Evolution?
•
How does ecology and evolution relate to our everydaylives?
BASIC SCIENCE
APPLIED SCIENCE
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1) Why study Ecology and Evolution?
• Bluefin Tuna•
15% of original breeding
population
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1) Why study Ecology and Evolution?
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Biology: the science of how life works
2) REVIEW: Scientific Method
What is life?
What is science?
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2) REVIEW: Scientific Method
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2) REVIEW: Scientific Method
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2) REVIEW: Scientific Method
Hypothesis: tentative statement that explains your observation
EX: Plants need sunlight to grow
Prediction: specific testable statement of what will happen if yourhypothesis is true
EX: Plants exposed to more sunlight will grow faster than
plants that don’t get sunlight
If my hypothesis is true, then I predict we will discover !..
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Dimorphism
TERMINOLOGY
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Polymorphism
TERMINOLOGY
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Polymorphism
TERMINOLOGY
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2) REVIEW: The Scientific Method
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3) Statistics
STATISTICS
DESCRIPTIVE INFERENTIALT-TESTCentral tendency
Variability
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3) Statistics
• EXAMPLE PROBLEM:
• HYPOTHESIS: Students that study more get better
grades
•
PREDICTION: Students that study more than one hourwill get better grades on an exam than those that study
less than one hour
H0 = NULL HYPOTHESISH
A
= ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS
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3) Statistics
0
12
3
4
5
6
7
8
less than 1 hour
0
2
4
6
8
10
more than 1 hour71 83
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3) Statistics
0
12
3
4
5
6
7
8
less than 1 hour
0
2
4
6
8
10
more than 1 hour
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
less than 1 hour
more than 1 hour
A t-test will tell us whether or not these two
sample means are significantly different.
71 83
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3) Statistics
Study less than 1
hour:
Mean = 71.625
Variance = 174.371
St. Deviation = 13.205
Study greater than 1
hour:
Mean = 83.000
Variance = 83.935
St. Deviation = 9.162
Variance =
Standard Deviation =
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3) Statistics
• To test if the two distributions are different we can use aT-test
Study less than 1
hour:
Mean = 71.625Variance = 174.371
St. Deviation = 13.205
n = 32
Study greater than 1
hour:Mean = 83.000
Variance = 83.935
St. Deviation = 9.162
n = 32
1
2
http://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics/v/t-statistic-confidence-interval
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3) Statistics
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2 - MINUTE ESSAY
WHAT IS A P-VALUE?
(In your own words describe, as best as you can,what a p-value measure)
