Priority Standard PSc.2.1 Understand types, properties, and structure of matter.
Lecture 2.1- Properties of Matter
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Transcript of Lecture 2.1- Properties of Matter
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BELLWORKProperties of matter
Property- a quality or attribute
Make a list of properties used to describe matter.
Ex. Color, texture …
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Properties used to describe matter can be classified as extensive or intensive.
– An extensive property depends on the amount of matter in a sample.
– An intensive property depends on the type of matter in a sample, not the amount of matter.
Describing Matter
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– Extensive properties depend on amount.
• The mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object contains.
• The volume of an object is a measure of the space occupied by the object.
2.1
The big ball has more mass and volume than the little ball.
Describing Matter
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Intensive Properties
The hardness of a bowling ball is an example of an intensive property.
2.1Describing Matter
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Is flammability an extensive or intensive property?
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Identifying Substances
Matter that has a uniform and definite composition is called a substance.
A substance is pure.
2.1
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Identifying Substances
Every sample of a given substance has identical intensive properties.
Example- Every sample of pure water is a clear, odorless, liquid at room temperature. It will boil at 100ºC and freeze at 0ºC.
These properties are intensive because they do not depend on how big the sample is.
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Identifying Substances
• A physical property can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition.
• Hardness, color, and malleability are examples of physical properties.
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Identifying Substances
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States of Matter
Three states of matter are
solid, liquid, and gas.
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A solid is a form of matter that has a definite shape and volume.
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States of Matter
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A liquid is a form of matter that has an indefinite shape (it flows) but a definite volume.
2.1
States of Matter
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A gas is a form of matter that takes both the shape and volume of its container.
The gas state is the only state of matter that is compressible.
2.1
States of Matter
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• Vapor describes a gas that is usually a liquid or solid at room temperature, as in water vapor.
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States of Matter
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States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists
Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a shape and a fixed volume!
Liquid- particles are very close but can move around each other. Takes the shape of its container, but has a fixed volume.Gas- particles are far apart and moving fast. Has no fixed shape or volume.
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Substances go from solid to liquid to gas as energy increases.
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Physical Changes
• During a physical change, some properties of a material change, but the composition of the material does not change.
• As gallium melts in a person’s hand, the shape of the sample changes, but the composition of the material does not change.
2.1
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Homework
Read section 2.1
Complete section 2.1 review