Lec 24: Ch1.(T&LD): Urban transportation planning vs. Site planning Review the transportation-land...
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Transcript of Lec 24: Ch1.(T&LD): Urban transportation planning vs. Site planning Review the transportation-land...
Lec 24: Ch1.(T&LD): Urban transportation planning vs. Site planning
Review the transportation-land use cycle (Read examples in Ch.1 & compare the development of the Provo/Orem area)
Understand that accessibility plays an important role (for site planning)
Understand the differences between urban transportation planning and site (transportation) planning
Review of transportation-land use cycle
The construction of a new arterial streets, or major reconstruction of an existing thoroughfare, modifies the accessibility of an area; this, in turn, leads to development and increased traffic demands.
When I was a student some 20+ years ago, the University Parkway was hugged by apple orchards!
Forces that influence the dynamics of land development include…
Governmental policy and programs at the national, state, and local levels
At local level: comprehensive (master, general) plan, zoning ordinance, and subdivision regulations
Changes in family income
Changing family and personal preferences
Transportation technology and cost structure
Transport system changes
Level of Service provided by the urban transport system
Accessibility: The transportation system is the basic infrastructure element which influences the pattern of urban development.
San Diego experience after about 170 miles of freeways have been constructed.
Increased traffic volumes and property values
Change in system LOS
Hypothetical example: accessibility and market area
What this argument wants to say is that the effect of lowered travel speed (longer travel time) will disproportionately affect the market area.
E.g. My wife says “There’s no decent outlets in Utah County! Park City has one, but it’s not as big as the ones in NJ and it’s too far. I would rather run to TJ Max.”
Accessibility: The transportation system is the basic infrastructure element which influences the pattern of urban development (cont)
Change in shopping-center market area
Before the DC beltway construction
After the beltway construction (lighter shade)
Travel time greatly reduced by the Beltway
Trip to multiple malls became feasible (chaining shopping trips)
Accessibility: The transportation system is the basic infrastructure element which influences the pattern of urban development (cont)
Migration of primary retail location (sounds like the Provo/Orem area)
Downtown developed first
Southeast: residential development away from CBD Need for a shopping area within reasonable travel time Mall development
Southeast: Continual development in the southeast area A new mall
4 levels of urban planning process
A very long range horizon for strategic planning of major transportation corridors land use patterns and other permanent elements of the urban environment
An intermediate 20-year horizon for the planning of significant changes in transportation facilities, water, waste water, and other major infrastructure elements and land use patterns
A short-range horizon (5 to 10 years) for planning and programming of major development
Design and construction of individual public works projects and private developments
Urban transportation planning
Site planning
Urban transportation planning: Purpose
Identify major travel corridors and provide projections of the approximate volume of traffic within these corridors
Identify major potential problem areas in the proposed network
Provide a basis for planning and programming major network improvements
Evaluate the compatibility of the future land use and transportation assumptions A macroscopic way of looking at the system
This macroscopic planning cannot provide detail data such as turning volumes and peak hour volumes which are needed for actual physical facility design.
A macroscopic tool does not meet the needs of the microscopic level site-planning
Reliable projections of turn movements at individual intersections or access drives
Reliable projections of the traffic volumes on individual street segments
Reliable estimates of traffic volumes at access drives as for different access locations and/or designs
The effect of numerous access points to an arterial as opposed to only a few direct access points
Left-turn and right-turn requirements
Effects of change in land use
Effects of modest changes in the location of activities
Reliable estimates of the traffic on the frontage roads separate from that or the main lanes of a feeway or at-grade arterial
Site planningSite specific and micro-scale planning involving analysis of
Traffic impact of specific proposed development
Adequacy of the access drives
Stability of the on-site circulation and parking
Can the existing intersection and streets handle increased traffic?
Change in turning movements?
How much extra traffic go through the community?