LEC 10 FIELD BOTANY – Lecture 10 Dr. Donald P. Althoff Grasses Part II Common Characteristics &...
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Transcript of LEC 10 FIELD BOTANY – Lecture 10 Dr. Donald P. Althoff Grasses Part II Common Characteristics &...
LEC 10
FIELD BOTANY – Lecture 10Dr. Donald P. Althoff
GrassesPart II
Common Characteristics& Classifications
Barnyard grass Witchgrass
Johnsongrass Foxtail
Kingdom Division Class Order Family Subfamily TRIBE
PlantaeMagnoliophyta (Anthrophyta)
Liliopsida-moncots
?...>16 grasses
Cyperales ____________
End in -____But not exclusively
Tribes (some)
• Andropogoneae • Aristideae• Arundineae • Aveneae • Centotheceae • Chlorideae • Danthonieae
• Eragrosteae• Oryzeae • Paniceae• Poeae• Triticeae
TRIBE: Andropogoneae
• Big bluestem• Little bluestem• ___________
___________• Indiangrass• ___________• Eastern gamagrass
TRIBE: Aristideae
• Curly threeawn• Threeawn• Prairie threeawn• Purple threeawn
TRIBE: Arundineae
• Giant reed• Common reed
(Phragmites)
TRIBE: Aveneae
• Bent grass• Winter bent grass• Wild oats (a)• Cultivated oats (a)
TRIBE: Centotheceae
• Indian woodoats• Broadleaf woodoats• Narrowleaf
woodoats
TRIBE: Chorideae
• Sideoats grama• _____ grama• _____ grama• Buffalo grass• Windmill grass• Bermuda grass
TRIBE: Danthonieae• Poverty grass (very short)
(poverty oatgrass)
TRIBE: Eragrosteae
• Goosegrass (a)• Stinkgrass (a)• Purple lovegrass• Tall dropseed
(composite)• Purple (red) top greasegrass
TRIBE: Oryzeae
• Rice cutgrass• Whitegrass
TRIBE: Paniceae (page 1)
• Crabgrass (a)• Barnyard grass• Redtop panicum• Switchgrass
TRIBE: Paniceae (page 2)
• (Marsh) bristlegrass• Yellow foxtail & other
foxtails (a)
TRIBE: Poeae (page 1)
• Soft brome (a)• Field brome (a)• Cheatgrass (a)• Orchardgrass• Tall fescue
TRIBE: Poeae (page 2)
• Ryegrass (a)• Annual bluegrass (a)• Kentucky bluegrass• Smooth brome
TRIBE: Triticeae
• Western wheatgrass• Canada wildrye• Rye (a)
Cool Season Grasses
• Kentucky bluegrass• Annual bluegrass• Tall fescue• Canada wildrye• Soft brome (a)• __________________________ (a)• _______________ (a)• Orchardgrass• Tall fescue
• Timothy• Woodoats• Wild oats (a)• Cultivated oats (a)• Western wheat
Warm Season Grasses (page 1)
• Indiangrass• Big bluestem• Little bluestem• Switchgrass• Buffalograss• ______________• E. gamagrass• Bermuda grass• Poverty grass
• Bromesedge• Threeawns• Giant Reed• Common Reed• Bentgrass• Sideoats grama• Blue grama• Hairy grama
Warm Season Grasses (page 2)
• Rice cutgrass• ___________• Barnyard grass• Redtop panicum• Bristlegrass• Goosegrass• Stinkgrass• Purplelove grass
• Tall dropseed• Purple (red) top• Whitegrass• __________
________ vs. ________ GrassIntroduced vs. Native
Timothy
Rye grassIndiangrassTall fescuesod-formingbunch grass
Smooth brome
Reed canarygrass
• Sod-forming grasses with ________________: smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis) Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis)quackgrass (Agropyron repens)prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata) foxtail muhly (Muhlenbergia andina)
Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense) redtop (Agrostis alba).
• Sod-forming grasses with _____________: tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceae)side-oats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula)big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii)
Indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans).
Sod-forming
Sod-forming…con’t• Sod-forming grasses with ________________:
bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) bentgrasses (Agrostis spp.) buffalo grass (Buchloe dactyloides).
Bunch-forming• Bunchgrasses - chiefly _____________branching:
perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata)little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium)broomsedge (Andropogon virginicus)
• Bunchgrasses - reproducing _____________ via corms: timothy (Phleum pratense) tall oatgrass (Arrhenatherum elatius var. bulbosum).
The adventitious buds of bunchgrasses are found on the basal nodes in crown tissue and produce new tillers which remain within the surrounding leaf sheath of the mother stem.
Reproduce vegetatively from adventitious buds on corms--corms are thickened, bulbous internodes which form in crown tissue, serving as storage organs.