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Level Crossings

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Level Xings

What and Why

Classification

Requirements

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What and Why

When road traffic crosses the rail traffic at the

same level, they are known as level crossings.

At level crossings, the road is brought upto thelevel of rail table and guard rails are provided to

ensure clearance for wheel flanges.

LCs become necessary because the alternative of

over/under bridges is very expensive

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What and Why

A level crossing (also written xing) will have an

arrangement to stop road traffic on either side of

the xing (except at D class xings). This arrangement can be swing gates, lifting

barriers or even a chain across the road.

It will have check rails to keep the flange-way

clear.

Provision of Warning signs are mandatory on

either side of the LC for warning road users

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Classes of level crossings

Special class

A class

B class

C class

D class (Cattle crossing)

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Norms for deciding Class of a LC

Classification is done considering class of road,

visibility and volume of road and rail traffic

Number of trains per 24 hrs. multiplied by numberof road vehicles per 24 hrs. gives the Train

Vehicle Units or TVUs for the LC.

If TVUs are more than 10,000 manning should be

done.

Min TVUs should be 1 lakh to become eligible for

ROB/RUB on cost sharing basis.

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Requirements - Special class

Must be interlocked.

Provision of lifting barriers is necessary.

Gates are normally open to road traffic.

Warning bell to warn road users if outside station

limits.

Provision of telephone with nearest ASM is

necessary.

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Requirements - A class

Must be interlocked.

Provision of lifting barriers is necessary.

Gates normally open to road traffic.

Warning to road users in suburban sections and

automatic section. Desirable for other sections

Provision of telephone necessary for gates withinstation limits, on Rajdhani routes & suburban

sections. Also at LCs located on curves with poor

visibility. (1998 orders - all manned gates to have

telephones).

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Requirements - B class

Interlocking: suburban, Gates operated from cabinin non-suburban

Provision of lifting barriers necessary

Gates normally closed to road traffic. (Exception:interlocked LCs, LCs having low road traffic and

closing of gates before taking off signals is laid

down).

Provision of telephone necessary for gates withinstation limits, on Rajdhani routes & suburban

sections. Also at LCs located on curves with poor

visibility. (1998 orders - all manned gates to have

tele hones .

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Requirements - C class

Interlocking: Gates within stn limits if

oprated from cabin may be interlocked.

Gates normally closed to road traffic.

Provision of telephone necessary for gates

within station limits,.

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Railway - wise LCs on IR

S.No. Manned Gates Unmanned

Gates

Total Gates

CR 1793 1681 3474

ER 1266 1024 2290

NR 3160 4421 7581

NE 1518 3264 4782

NF 657 1699 2356

SR 2190 2566 4756

SC 1499 2055 3554

SE 1030 3716 4746

WR 3004 4128 7132

Total 16117 24554 40671

Source: Railway Board Statistics, January, 1998

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Gate Signals

SEM 7.43 A Gate Stop Signal shall be fixed at an adequate

distance from the gate, this adequate distance not being less than

the value stipulated in para 7.45.1 and 7.45.2

SEM 7.44The Gate Stop Signal shall be provided with G

marker except where prohibited under special instrcutions.

The G marker shall consist of letter G; in black on yellowcircular disc. The instructions in para 7.168.2 shall apply to

signals protecting level crossing gates in automatic block

territory.

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Interlocked Gates outside Stn Limits

SEM 7.45.1 On sections provided with two aspect lower quadrant

signalling, a Stop Signal at 400 metres from the gate shall be

provided. Where the section is otherwise provided with separate

Warner signals, such a signal shall be provided at a distance of not

less than 1.2 km from the Gate Stop Signal.

SEM 7.45.2On sections provided with multiple aspect/modifiedlower quadrant signalling, a Stop Signal at 180 metres from the gate

and a Distant signal at 1 km in rear of the Stop Signal may be

provided.

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Interlocked Gates within Stn LimitsSEM 7.46.1 On sections provided with two aspect lower quadrant signalling,

(a) The Outer Signal shall be located at a minimum distance of 400 metres from the gate;

(b) Where the Outer Signal cannot be so located and the Outer Signal falls in between

Home Signal and Gate, a separate Gate Signal may be located at a distance of 400 metres

in rear of the gate;

(c) Where there is adequate visibility of Outer Signal as prescribed in para 7.7.1, the GateSignal shall work independent of the Outer Signal;

(d) Where the visibility of Outer Signal is not adequate, the Outer Signal shall be shifted

and combined with the Gate Signal where feasible or interslotting arrangement shall be

provided between the Outer Signal and the Gate Signal.

SEM 7.46.2On sections provided with Multiple aspect//modified Lower Quadrantsignalling, when the interlocked gates are situated between Distant and Home signal-

(a) The Gate Signal shall be located at 180 metres in rear of the gate;

(b) The Distant Signal shall be located at not less than 1 km in rear of the Gate Signal and

will function as Gate Distant as well.

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Comparison

Item Spl class Class A Class B Class C

Normal

position of

gate

Open to road trafficClosed to road traffic. Can be kept open if -

i. It is not in suburban section

ii. It is not in automatic / APB section

iv. Has telephone with nearest station

v. Visibility is good

Interlocking

with signals

when within

stn limits

Should be interlocked with

station signals

Should be interlocked

with station signals in

suburban sections, in

non-suburban sections

if operated from cabin

and in automatic

sections

Should be interlocked

with station signals if

within stn limits where

operated from cabin

and in automatic

sections

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Comparison

Interlocking

with signals

when outside

stn limits

Should be interlocked with gate signalsShould be interlocked

in suburban sections &

in automatic sections

Should be interlocked

in automatic sections

Telephone

communication

within stn limits

Telephone with ASM office Telephone with

ASM office

Telephone with

ASM office at

manned gates

Telephonecommunication

outside stn

limits

Telephone with ASM office of

adjoining stn

Telephone with adjoining stnc for Rajdhani

routes, on suburban section & on curves

obstructing the view of the LC from

approaching train and vice versa.

Item Spl class Class A Class B Class C

Warning bell

operated by

approaching

train

For LCs outside

stn limits For LCs o/s stn limits in automatic / APB & in suburban sections

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Gate Stop Signal Gate Stop Signal in

Automatic Block

Territory (Letter A shall belit only when gates are closed

and locked against road traffic)

Refer GR 3.17

A AG

Gate Stop Signal in

semi-automatic

territory (Letter A shall belit only when gates are closed

and locked & points are

correctly set and locked. Letter

AG shall be lit when points

are correctly set and locked but

gate is open or defective.)

G GA

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