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Lawyers, Happiness, and Personality: A Workshop · Assholes! WORKSHOP OUTLINE •My Background...
Transcript of Lawyers, Happiness, and Personality: A Workshop · Assholes! WORKSHOP OUTLINE •My Background...
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Lawyers, Happiness, and
Personality: A Workshop
• Daniel S. Bowling, III, JD, MAPP, Duke Law School
• Margaret Kern, PhD, Penn Positive Psychology Ctr. and U of Melbourne
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Hot off the Presses!
• Character Strengths
Don’t Help in Law
School Grades
• Even more “negative”
strength and traits –
critical thinking, self-reg,
low EI – don’t help
• Lawyers aren’t born
Assholes!
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WORKSHOP OUTLINE
• My Background
• Problems with Lawyers
• Non-Responsiveness of Legal Institutions
• Need for Theory and Evidence
• Our Study
• Workshop Discussion and New DIrections
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THE
PARADOX
RICH
SMART
POWERFUL
=
SAD?
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Professionalism
Declines
P Well-Being
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Respect
Conscience
Citizenship
exemplar
self-improvement
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“I don’t give a Damn about the happiness of lawyers” – US District Court Judge, 6/7/2011
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DO NOTHING
MENTAL HEALTH
RESULTS
P/E
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Existing Approach Therapuetical
• Psychological Interventions
• “Work-life” initiatives
• Stress management
• Office perks
• Yoga classes
• Meditative Law movement
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Need Unifying Theory of Relationship of Professional and Personal Well-
being In Law
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Insufficiency of Data
• Small amount of empirical data on lawyer well-being and also personality
• Well-being (lack thereof) data dated, non-peer reviewed, and/or anecdotal
• Survey data inconsistent/non-rigorous
• Seligman study (2002) and how it has shaped the field
• Peterson and Peterson (2008) advocates character strengths app. in law school
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Character Strengths and Academic Performance in Law Students
Margaret L. Kern, University of Pennsylvania
Daniel S. Bowling, III, Duke Law School
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Law School Brutally Competitive
• 45,000 law school grads per year in U.S.
• 57% in full time, bar-passage jobs in year (ABA 2013)
• Salary range 3-4X between top and bottom
• Class rank dictates IF and WHERE you fall in these stats
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Professor Kingsfield
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Importance of 1L Grades
• One grade per course, 7-8 courses
• Exam-based, blind graded
• No interim feedback
• Strictly Enforced 1.6-4.0 Grade
Distribution
• 2d and 3d year top-heavy curve, so
not much chance to catch up in rank
• ONE BAD DAY CAN DICTATE CAREER
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Study Design • 132 incoming law students at Emory
took VIA-IS online before start of 2010 classes
• 164 at American U. Law School in 2011
• Similar in age and intellectual achievements
• Scores compared to 1L grades, 1L and 2L at Emory, and undergrad GPA at both
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VIA-IS (Peterson & Seligman, 2004)
• 240 item questionnaire
• Measures 24 virtues (positive
characteristics)
• Factor analysis suggests five clusters:
restraint, interpersonal, emotional,
theological, and intellectual (McGrath,
2012)
• Use of strengths linked to psychological and
functional outcomes (Niemic, 2013)
• Use of strengths related to less depression
in law school (Peterson & Peterson, 2008)
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What did we Expect? • Lower mean strengths scores for
law students overall
• Lowest in humanistic – love, social, hope, gratitude - traits
• Highest in restraint and intellectual – “typical lawyer” strengths - that would correlate with higher grades
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What did we Find? • Law students scored higher than
average in overall strengths intensity
• 3.78 mean vs. 3.72 US, 3.57 UK
• Top strengths- judgment, curiosity, love of learning (and capacity/love!)
• Bottom – modesty, spirituality, and self-regulation
• Women high gratitude - men, humor
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Correlations between character strengths and law school performance (GPA)
• Strengths were positively correlated with higher undergraduate GPA – particularly the theological (.31)- spirituality, beauty app., and restraint (.21) traits
• But higher mean strengths scores were negatively correlated with law school grades (-.13)
• All were negative other than zest, humor, and forgiveness, which were neutral
• Effects relatively small
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WORKSHOP DISCUSSION – WHAT DO YOU THINK?
• the best law students –at least as measured
by first year grades – may be those whose
personal strengths are not clearly expressed
or defined.
• The effect of character on success as a law
student is smaller than generally
thoughtLimitations
• Character was measured through the VIA
Survey, and may not be the most appropriate
vehicle for assessing law student personality
- the “typical lawyer” who can see both sides
might respond with 3’s
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New Directions?
• What happens after graduation? Do certain strengths help lawyers be more successful despite grades?
• Does social Intelligence, etc., help a lawyer become partner despite bad grade point average?
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THANK YOU! [email protected]