Latihan Soal Test GMAT

8/19/2019 Latihan Soal Test GMAT

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Contoh soal test GMAT

Kemarin ini sempet cari soal dan conton soaluntuk test GMAT S2, siapa tau ada yang perluini kumpulan contoh soal dan latihannya :

1. If Lynn can type a page in p minutes, whatpiece of the page can she do in 5 minutes?A. 5/pB. p - 5C. p + 5D. p/5E. 1- p + 5

2. If Sally can paint a house in 4 hours, andJohn can paint the same house in 6 hour, howlong will it take for both of them to paint thehouse together?A. 2 hours and 24 minutesB. 3 hours and 12 minutesC. 3 hours and 44 minutesD. 4 hours and 10 minutesE. 4 hours and 33 minutes

3. Employees of a discount appliance storereceive an additional 20% off of the lowestprice on an item. If an employee purchases adishwasher during a 15% off sale, how muchwill he pay if the dishwasher originallycost $450?

A. $280.90B. $287C. $292.50D. $306E. $333.89

4. The sales price of a car is $12,590, which is20% off the original price. What is the originalprice?A. $14,310.40B. $14,990.90C. $15,290.70

D. $15,737.50E. $16,935.80

5. Solve the following equation for A : 2A/3 =8 + 4AA. -2.4B. 2.4C. 1.3D. -1.3E. 0

6. If Leah is 6 years older than Sue, and John

is 5 years older than Leah, and the total oftheir ages is 41. Then how old is Sue?

A. 8B. 10C. 14D. 19E. 21

7. Alfred wants to invest $4,000 at 6% simpleinterest rate for 5 years. How much interestwill he receive?A. $240B. $480C. $720D. $960E. $1,200

8. Jim is able to sell a hand-carved statue for$670 which was a 35% profit over his cost.How much did the statue originally cost him?

A. $496.30B. $512.40C. $555.40D. $574.90E. $588.20

9. The city council has decided to add a 0.3%tax on motel and hotel rooms. If a travelerspends the night in a motel room that costs$55 before taxes, how much will the cityreceive in taxes from him?A. 10 cents

B. 11 centsC. 15 centsD. 17 centsE. 21 cents

10. A student receives his grade report from alocal community college, but the GPA issmudged. He took the following classes: a 2hour credit art, a 3 hour credit history, a 4hour credit science course, a 3 hour creditmathematics course, and a 1 hour sciencelab. He received a “B” in the art class, an “A”

in the history class, a “C” in the scienceclass, a “B” in the mathematics class, and an“A” in the science lab. What was his GPA ifthe letter grades are based on a 4 pointscale? (A=4, B=3, C=2, D=1, F=0)A. 2.7B. 2.8C. 3.0D. 3.1E. 3.2

11. Simon arrived at work at 8:15 A.M. andleft work at 10: 30 P.M. If Simon gets paid by

the hour at a rate of $10 and time and ½ forany hours worked over 8 in a day. How much



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did Simon get paid?A. $120.25B. $160.75C. $173.75D. $180E. $182.50

12. Grace has 16 jellybeans in her pocket.She has 8 red ones, 4 green ones, and 4 blueones. What is the minimum number ofjellybeans she must take out of her pocket toensure that she has one of each color?A. 4B. 8C. 12D. 13E. 16

13. If r = 5 z then 15 z = 3 y, then r =A. yB. 2 yC. 5 yD. 10 yE. 15 y

14. If 300 jellybeans cost you x dollars. Howmany jellybeans can you purchase for 50cents at the

same rate?A. 150/xB. 150xC. 6xD. 1500/xE. 600x

15. Lee worked 22 hours this week and made$132. If she works 15 hours next week at thesame pay

rate, how much will she make?A. $57B. $90

C. $104D. $112E. $122

16. If 8x + 5x + 2x + 4x = 114, the 5x + 3 =A. 12B. 25C. 33D. 47E. 86

17. You need to purchase a textbook for

nursing school. The book cost $80.00, and thesales tax where you are purchasing the book

is 8.25%. You have $100. How much changewill you receive back?A. $5.20B. $7.35C. $13.40D. $19.95

E. $21.25

18. You purchase a car making a downpayment of $3,000 and 6 monthly paymentsof $225. How much have you paid so far forthe car?A. $3225B. $4350C. $5375D. $6550E. $6398

19. Your supervisor instructs you to purchase240 pens and 6 staplers for the nurse'sstation. Pens are purchased in sets of 6 for$2.35 per pack. Staplers are sold in sets of 2for 12.95. How much will purchasing theseproducts cost?A. $132.85B. $145.75C. $162.90D. $225.25E. $226.75

20. If y = 3, then y3

(y3

-y)=A. 300B. 459C. 648D. 999E. 1099

Answer Key1. A2. A3. D4. D

5. A6. A7. E8. A9. D10. C11. C12. D13. A14. A15. B16. C17. C

18. B19. A20. C



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1. If the average of three numbers is V. If oneof the numbers is Z and another is Y, what isthe remaining number?A. ZY - VB. Z/V - 3 - YC. Z/3 - V - Y

D. 3V- Z - YE. V- Z - Y

2. Two cyclists start biking from a trail's start3 hours apart. The second cyclist travels at 10miles per hour and starts 3 hours after thefirst cyclist who is traveling at 6 miles perhour. How much time will pass before thesecond cyclist catches up with the first fromthe time the second cyclist started biking?A. 2 hoursB. 4 ½ hours

C. 5 ¾ hoursD. 6 hoursE. 7 ½ hours

3. Jim can fill a pool carrying buckets ofwater in 30 minutes. Sue can do the same jobin 45 minutes. Tony can do the same job in 1½ hours. How quickly can all three fill thepool together?A. 12 minutesB. 15 minutesC. 21 minutesD. 23 minutes

E. 28 minutes

4. Mary is reviewing her algebra quiz. She hasdetermined that one of her solutions isincorrect. Which one is it?A. 2x + 5 (x-1) = 9, x = 2B. p - 3(p-5) = 10, p = 2.5C. 4 y + 3 y = 28, y = 4D. 5 w + 6 w - 3w = 64, w = 8E. t - 2t - 3t = 32, t = 8

5. What simple interest rate will Susan needto secure to make $2,500 in interest on a$10,000 principal over 5 years?A. 4%B. 5%C. 6%D. 7%E. 8%

6. Which of the following is not a rationalnumber?A. -4B. 1/5

C. 0.8333333...D. 0.45

E.

7. A study reported that in a random samplingof 100 women over the age of 35 showed that8 of the women were married 2 or moretimes. Based on the study results, how manywomen in a group of 5,000 women over theage of 35 would likely be married 2 or moretimes?A. 55B. 150C. 200D. 400E. 600

8. John is traveling to a meeting that is 28miles away. He needs to be there in 30minutes. How fast does he need to go to

make it to the meeting on time?A. 25 mphB. 37 mphC. 41 mphD. 49 mphE. 56 mph

9. If Steven can mix 20 drinks in 5 minutes,Sue can mix 20 drinks in 10 minutes, and Jackcan mix 20 drinks in 15 minutes, how muchtime will it take all 3 of them workingtogether to mix the 20 drinks?

A. 2 minutes and 44 secondsB. 2 minutes and 58 secondsC. 3 minutes and 10 secondsD. 3 minutes and 26 secondsE. 4 minutes and 15 seconds

10. If Sam can do a job in 4 days that Lisa cando in 6 days and Tom can do in 2 days, howlong would the job take if Sam, Lisa, and Tomworked together to complete it?A. 0.8 daysB. 1.09 days

C. 1.23 daysD. 1.65 daysE. 1.97 days

11. Jim has 5 pieces of string. He needs tochoose the piece that will be able to goaround his 36-inch waist. His belt broke, andhis pants are falling down. The piece needs tobe at least 4 inches longer than his waist sohe can tie a knot in it, but it cannot be morethat 6 inches longer so that the ends will notshow from under his shirt. Which of thefollowing pieces of string will work the best?

A. 3 feetB. 3 ¾ feet



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C. 3 ½ feetD. 3 ¼ feetE. 2 ½ feet

12. The last week of a month a car dealershipsold 12 cars. A new sales promotion came outthe first week of the next month and the sold19 cars that week. What was the percentincrease in sales from the last week of theprevious month compared to the first week ofthe next month?A. 58%B. 119%C. 158%D. 175%E. 200%

13. If two planes leave the same airport at

1:00 PM, how many miles apart will they beat 3:00 PM if one travels directly north at 150mph and the other travels directly west at200 mph?A. 50 milesB. 100 milesC. 500 milesD. 700 milesE. 1,000 miles

14. During a 5-day festival, the number ofvisitors tripled each day. If the festival

opened on a Thursday with 345 visitors, whatwas the attendance on that Sunday?A. 345B. 1,035C. 1,725D. 3,105E. 9,315

Answer Key1. D2. B3. B

4. E5. B6. E7. D8. E9. A10. B11. C12. A13. C14. E



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1. Round 907.457 to the nearest tens place.A. 908.0B. 910C. 907.5D. 900E. 907.46

2. At a certain high school, the respectiveweights for the following subjects are:Mathematics 3, English 3, History 2, Science 2and Art 1.What is a student's average whose marks werethe following: Geometry 89, AmericanLiterature 92, American History 94, Biology81, and Sculpture 85?A. 85.7B. 87.8C. 88.9

D. 89.4E. 90.2

3. Ginger over the course of an average work-week wanted to see how much she spent onlunch daily. On Monday and Thursday, shespent $5.43 total. On Tuesday andWednesday, she spent $3.54 on each day. OnFriday, she spent $7.89 on lunch. What washer average daily cost?A. $3.19B. $3.75C. $3.90

D. $4.08E. $4.23

4. What is 1230.932567 rounded to thenearest hundredths place?A. 1200B. 1230.9326C. 1230.93D. 1230E. 1230.933

5. Subtract the following numbers rounded tothe nearest tenths place.134.679-45.548-67.8807A. 21.3B. 21.25C. -58.97D. -59.0E. 1

6. What is the absolute value of -9?A. -9

B. 9C. 0

D. -1E. 1

7. What is the median of the following list ofnumbers? 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 12A. 6B. 7.5C. 7.8D. 8E. 9

8. What is the mathematical average of thenumber of weeks in a year, seasons in a year,and the number of days in January?A. 36B. 33C. 32D. 31

E. 29

9. In a college, some courses contribute moretowards an overall GPA than other courses.For

example, a science class is worth 4 points;mathematics is worth 3 points; history isworth 2 points; and English is worth 3 points.The values of the grade letters are as follows,A= 4, B=3, C=2, D=1, F=0. What is the GPA ofa student who made a “C” in Trigonometry, a“B” in American History, an “A” in Botany,and a “B” in Microbiology? A. 2.59B. 2.86C. 3.08D. 3.33E. 3.67

10. Over the course of a week, Fred spent$28.49 on lunch. What was the average costper day?A. $4.07B. $3.57

C. $6.51D. $2.93E. $5.41

11. A roast was cooked at 325° F in the ovenfor 4 hours. The internal temperature rosefrom 32° F to 145° F. What was the averagerise in temperature per hour?A. 20.2° F/hrB. 28.25° F/hrC. 32.03° F/hrD. 37° F/hr

E. 37.29° F/hr



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1. Add 0.98 + 45.102 + 32.3333 + 31 +0.00009A. 368.573B. 210.536299C. 109.41539D. 99.9975

E. 80.8769543

2. Find 0.12 ÷ 1A. 12B. 1.2C. .12D. .012E. .0012

3. (9 ÷ 3) x (8 ÷ 4) =A. 1B. 6

C. 72D. 576E. 752

4. 6 x 0 x 5A. 30B. 11C. 25D. 0E. 27

5. 7.95 ÷ 1.5A. 2.4B. 5.3C. 6.2D. 7.3E. 7.5

6. -32 + 7 equals:A. -25B. 25C. -26D. 26E. 27

7. -37 + -47 equals:A. 64B. -84C. 65D. -75E. -66

8. 41% equals:A. 4.1B. .41C. .041

D. .0041

E. .00415

Answer Key1. C2. C3. B4. D5. B6. A7. B8. B



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1. For the Thanksgiving reunion, relativeswere sitting in the dining room, on the porch,and in the carport.A. Thanksgiving, reunionB. Were, sittingC. Porch and

D. No error

2. Lydia seems to be a kind, considerate girl.A. Seems, toB. Considerate, girlC. Kind considerateD. No error

3. This fishing pole Nathan, has seen betterdays.A. Pole, Nathan,B. Has, seen

C. Nathan,D. No error

4. My cousin has moved to 56 Central StreetNarragansett, Rhode Island 02882.A. Has moved,B. Central Street,C. 56, CentralD. No error

5. The badger, a shy animal sometimes makesfriends with a coyote.A. Sometimes, makesB. Friends, withC. A shy animal,D. No error

6. After the death of Blackbeard, the famouspirate, piracy disappeared from the coast ofthe American colonies.A. The famous pirateB. After the death,C. Coast, ofD. No error

7. “Silent Night” was written by two menfrom the village of Oberndorf Austria.A. men, fromB. Silent Night,C. Oberndorf, AustriaD. No error

8. On November 19, 1929 Admiral Richard E.Byrd flew the Floyd Bennett to the base ofthe Queen Maud Mountains.A. Base, of

B. The, QueenC. 1929,

D. no error

9. Oh I forgot to bring the cookies.A. Oh,B. I, forgotC. To, bringD. No error

10. “The boy in the kayak,” whispered Sue “isthe new football captain."A. Boy, in theB. New, footballC. Whispered Sue,D. No error

Answer Key1. D

2. D3. A4. B5. C6. D7. C8. C9. A10. C



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1. Describe the following sequence inmathematical terms. 144, 72, 36, 18, 9A. Descending arithmetic sequenceB. Ascending arithmetic sequenceC. Descending geometric sequenceD. Ascending geometric sequence

E. Miscellaneous sequence

2. Which of the following is not a wholenumber followed by its square?A. 1, 1B. 6, 36C. 8, 64D. 10, 100E. 11, 144

3. A nurse has to record her temperatures inCelsius but her thermometer reads

Fahrenheit. A patient's temperature is 100.7°F. What is the temperature in °C?A. 32° CB. 36.5° CC. 38.2° CD. 213.3° CE. 223.7° C

4. Art realized that he had 2 more quartersthan he had originally thought in his pocket.If all of the change in his pocket is quartersand it totals to $8.75, how many quarters did

he originally think were in his pocket?A. 27B. 29C. 31D. 33E. 35

5. There are 12 more apples than oranges in abasket of 36 apples and oranges. How manyapples are in the basket?A. 12B. 15

C. 24D. 28E. 36

6. Which of the following correctly identifies4 consecutive odd integers where the sum ofthe middle two integers is equal to 24?A. 5, 7, 9, 11B. 7, 9, 11, 13C. 9, 11, 13, 15D. 11, 13, 15, 17E. 13, 15, 17, 19

7. What is the next number in the sequence?6, 12, 24, 48, ___

A. 72B. 96C. 108D. 112E. 124

8. Which of the following numbers could bedescribed in the following way: an integerthat is a natural, rational and whole number?A. 0B. 1C. 2.33D. -3E. none of the above

9. What is the next number in the followingpattern? 1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, ___A. 1/10

B. 1/12C. 1/14D. 1/15E. 1/16

10. Of the following units, which would bemost likely to measure the amount of sugarneeded in a recipe for 2 dozen cookiesA. degrees CelsiusB. millilitersC. quartsD. kilograms

E. cups

Answer Key1. C2. E3. C4. D5. C6. C7. B8. B9. E

10. E



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1. 104 is not equal to which of the following?A. 100,000B. 0.1 x 105 C. 10 x 10 x 10 x 10D. 102 x 102 E. 10,000

2. Multiply 104 by 102 A. 108 B. 102 C. 106 D. 10-2 E. 103

3. Divide x5 by x2 A. x7 B. x4 C. x10

D. x3 E. x2.5

4. Find 8.23 x 109 A. 0.00000000823B. 0.000000823C. 8.23D. 8230000000E. 823000000000

5. 83,000 equals:A. 83.0 x 104 B. 8.3 x 104 C. 8.3 x 103 D. 83.0 x 105 E. 83.0 x 102

6. .00875 equals:A. 8.75 x 10-2 B. 8.75 x 10-3 C. 8.75 x 10-4 D. 87.5 x 10-3 E. 875 x 10-4

Answer Key1. A2. C3. D4. D5. B6. B



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1. What is the improper fraction or mixednumber represented by the following figure?A. 2 1/3B. 7/6C. 2 5/8D. 11/3

E. 11/9

2. Which of the following fractions mostcorrectly depicts the shaded area of thecircle below?A. 3/8B. 5/8C. 3/4D. 5/11E. 1/2

3. Which of the following is not a fraction

equivalent to 3/4?A. 6/8B. 9/12C. 12/18D. 21/28E. 27/36

4. Solve: 0.25 + 0.65A. 1/2B. 9/10C. 4/7D. 2/9

E. 5/16

5. Which of the following statements is false?A. In the fraction ½, one is the numerator.B. When 4.89 is rounded to the ones place,the answer is 5.C. Ten thousandths place is located 5 placesto the right of the decimalD. 7/6 is described as an improper fraction.

E. 33 1/3 % is equivalent to

6. Find the square of 25/9A. 5/3B. 3/5C. 7 58/81D. 15/2E. 650/81

7. Sarah needs to make a cake and somecookies. The cake requires 3/8 cup of sugarand the cookies require 3/5 cup of sugar.Sarah has 15/16 cups of sugar. Does she haveenough sugar, or how much more does she

need?A. She has enough sugar.

B. She needs 1/8 of a cup of sugar.C. She needs 3/80 of a cup of sugar.D. She needs 4/19 of a cup of sugar.E. She needs 1/9 of a cup of sugar.8. There are 8 ounces in a 1/2 pound. Howmany ounces are in 7 3/4 lbs?

A. 12 ouncesB. 86 ouncesC. 119 ouncesD. 124 ouncesE. 138 ounces

9. If the value of x and y in the followingfraction are both tripled, how does the valueof the fraction change?XZYA. increases by half

B. decreases by halfC. triplesD. doublesE. remains the same

10. Which of the following fractions is theequivalent of 0.5%A. 1/20B. 1/200C. 1/2000D. 1/5E. 1/500

11. Which of these numbers is a factor of 21A. 2B. 5C. 7D. 42E. 44

12. If the average person drinks 8, (8oz)glasses of water per day, a person who drinks12.8 oz of water after a morning exercisesession has consumed what fraction of the

daily average?A. 1/3B. 1/5C. 1/7D. 1/9E. 1/10

13. You need 4/5 cups of water for a recipe.You accidentally put 1/3 cups into the mixingbowl with the dry ingredients. How muchmore water in cups do you need to add?A. 1/3 cupsB. 2/3 cups

C. 1/15 cupsD. 7/15 cups



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E. 7/16 cups14. ¾ - ½ =A. ¼B. 1/3C. ½D. 2/3

E. 2/5

15. 7 1/2 - 5 3/8 =A. 1 1/2B. 1 2/3C. 2 1/8D. 3 1/4E. 3Answer Key1. C2. B3. C

4. B5. C6. C7. C8. D9. E10. B11. C12. B13. D14. A15. C



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1. Which of the following letters representsthe vertex in the following picture?A. D and EB. E and HC. F and GD. G only

E. H only

2. If a circle has the diameter of 8, what isthe circumference?A. 6.28B. 12.56C. 25.13D. 50.24E. 100.48

3. What is the area of the triangle below?A. 22 cm2

B. 33 cm2 C. 44 cm2 D. 50 cm2 E. 66 cm2

4. What is the measure of the solid line angledepicted by the following figure?A. 90 degreesB. 180 degreesC. 225 degreesD. 270 degreesE. 0 degrees

5. What is the measure of angle B in thefollowing figure if angle A measures 135°?A. 40°B. 45°C. 50°D. 135°E. 225°

Answer Key1. E2. C

3. B4. D5. B



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1. In the following figure, what is the area ofthe shaded circle inside of the square?A. 512B. 256C. 16D. 50.24

E. 12.572. In the figure below, determine the area ofthe shaded region of the figure.

A. 9.354B. 10.52C. 16.437D. 49E. 104.86

3. What are the coordinates of point A on thefollowing graph?

A. (-3, -4)B. (-4, 3)C. (3, -4)D. (-4, -3)E. (3, 4)

4. What was the average number of babiesthat Dr. Jones delivered each year from 1995to 1998?

A. 35B. 40C. 45

D. 50E. 55

5. How many babies did Dr. Jones deliver in1998?A. 25B. 35C. 45D. 55E. 65

6. If Dr. Jones delivered 85 babies in 1999,how many rattles would represent thisnumber?A. 6 ½B. 7C. 7 ½D. 8E. 8 ½

7. If XYZ Auto Company sold 23,000 vehiclesin 1999, how many were SUV's?

A. 2,990

B. 3,030C. 3,450

D. 4,760E. 4,775

8. If 7,650 trucks were sold in 1999, howmany total vehicles were sold in 1999 by XYZAuto Company?A. 35,000B. 40,000C. 45,000D. 50,000E. 55,000

9. If 3,750 2-door sedans were sold in 1999,then how many 4-door sedans were sold in1999 by XYZ Auto Company?A. 3,578B. 4,950C. 5,120

D. 5,670E. 5,84510. How much did the infant gain in the firstmonth of life?A. 6 ouncesB. 12 ouncesC. 15 ouncesD. 8 lbs 8 ouncesE. 9 lbs 4 ounces

11. What was the average weight of theinfant from April to October, rounded to the

nearest ounce?A. 10 lbsB. 10 lbs 5 ouncesC. 10 lbs 9 ouncesD. 11 lbs 5 ouncesE. 11 lbs 9 ounces

12. Between which two months did the infantgain the most weight?A. April and MayB. June and JulyC. July and August

D. August and SeptemberE. September and October

13. In the graph below, no axes or origin isshown. If point B's coordinates are (10,3),which of the following coordinates wouldmost likely be A's?A. (17, -2)B. (10, 6)C. (6, 8)D. (-10, 3)E. (-2, -17)

14. How many boys attended the 1995convention?



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A. 358B. 390C. 407D. 540E. 716

15. Which year did the same number of boysand girls attend the conference?A. 1995B. 1996C. 1997D. 1998E. None

16. Which two years did the least number ofboys attend the convention?A. 1995 and 1996

B. 1995 and 1998C. 1996 and 1997D. 1996 and 1992E. 1997 and 1998

Answer Key1. E2. B3. C4. C5. D6. E

7. A8. C9. B10. B11. C12. D13. C14. A15. A16. A



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1. Everyone in the bank-including themanager and the tellers, ran to the doorwhen the fire alarm rang.A. tellers, ranB. tellers:ranC. tellers, had run

D. tellers-ranE. tellers' ran”

2. To no ones surprise, Joe didn't have hishomework ready.A. no ones surpriseB. noones surpriseC. no-ones surpriseD. no ones' surpriseE. no one's surprise

3. If he would have read “The White Birds,”

he might have liked William Butler Yeats'spoetry.A. would have readB. could have readC. would of readD. could of readE. had read

4. After the hurricane, uprooted trees werelaying all over the ground.A. were layingB. lying

C. were lyingD. were laidE. was laid

5. Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882), thegreat Transcendentalist philosopher, wrote inhis essay “Self -Reliance” of the need for anindividual to develop his capacities.A. essay “Self–Reliance” B. essay, “Self -Reliance” C. essay: Self-RelianceD. essay, Self-Reliance

E. essay; “Self -Reliance”

6. The recently built children's amusementpark has been called “ a boon to thecommunity “ by its supporters and “aneyesore” by its harshest critics.A. and “an eyesore” by its harshest B. and, “ an eyesore,” by its harshest C. and, an eyesore; by its harshestD. and-an eyesore- by its' harshestE. and-“an eyesore”- by its' harshest

7. I always have trouble remembering themeaning of these two common verbs, affect(to change” or “to influence”) and effect (“to

cause” or “ to accomplish ) . “ A. “ to accomplish ). “ B. “ to accomplish” ). C. “to accomplish). D. To accomplish.E. ( “ to accomplish. “ )

8. My class just finished reading- “ The Fall ofthe House of Usher “, a short story by EdgarAllen Poe.A. reading- “ The Fall of the House ofUsher”, B. reading, The Fall of the House of Usher,C. reading “The Fall of the House of Usher, “ D. reading, The Fall of the house of Usher, “ E. reading: The Fall of the House of Usher-

9. After it was repaired it ran perfect again.

A. ran perfectB. ran perfectlyC. could run perfectD. could of run perfectE. would run perfectly

10. "Are there two e's in beetle," askedMargo?A. there two e's in beetle," asked Margo?B. their two e's in beetle?" asked Margo.C. there two e's in beetle," asked Margo?D. there two e's in beetle?" asked Margo.

E. there two e's in beetle, asked Margo?

11. The circus audience received a well-deserved round of applause for the perfectlytimed acrobatic stunt.A. audience received a well-deservedB. audience gave a well deservedC. audience did receive a well deservedD. audience gave a well-deservedE. audience did get a well-deserved

12. Looking directly at me, my Mother said, “

These are your options: the choice is yours.” A. Mother said, “ These are your options: thechoice isB. Mother said- these are your options, thechoice isC. Mother had said, These are your options;the choice isD. Mother had said, “These are your options;the choice isE. Mother said, “These are your options; thechoice is

13. Porcupine is from Latin porcus, “pig,”and spina, “spine.” A. porcus, “pig,” and spina, “spine.”



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B. Porcus- pig and spina, “spine.” C. Porcus- pig, and Spina, “spine.” D. Porcus-Pig-,Spina-spine. E. Porcus, “pig,” and spina “spine”.

14. Seeing the dolphins, some sharks, a killerwhale, and a Moray eel made the visit to themarine park worthwhile.A. a killer whale, and a Moray eel made thevisitB. a killer whale, and a moray eel made thevisitC. a killer whale and a moray eel makes thevisitD. a killer whale and a Moray eel makes thevisitE. a killer whale and a moray eel made thevisit

15. Still, the fact that a planet exists outsideour solar system encourages hope that othersolar systems exist, and in them, perhaps, aplanet that does support life.A. that a planet exists outside our solarsystem encourages hope that other solarsystems exist, andB. that a Planet exists out side our solarsystem encourages hope that other solarsystems exist andC. could be that a planet exists outside oursolar system encourages hope that other solar

systems exist, andD. that a planet exist outside our solarsystems encourage hope that other solarsystems exist, andE. that a planet does exists out side our solarsystem encourages hope that other solarsystems exist, and

16. Mail-order shopping can be convenientand timesaving with appropriate precautions,it is safe as well.A. can be convenient and timesaving

B. can be convenient and timesaving;C. should be convenient and time saving;D. could be convenient and time saving;E. can be convenient and time-saving;

17. Among the many fields of science, nomatter what turns you on, there are severalfields of study.A. science, no matter what turns you on,B. Science, no matter what turns you on,C. Science, no matter which you chose,D. Science, no matter which of these you

chose-E. science, no matter which you choose,

18. The fact that boxing is known to causehead injuries and brain damage should leadus to inform the public and push for a ban onboxing.A. should lead us to informB. could lead us to inform

C. should of led us to informD. will lead us to informE. should have led us to inform,

19. The first part of the test was onchemistry, the second on mathematics, andthe third on english.A. on mathematics, and the third on english.B. on mathematics; and the third on English.C. on Mathematics; and the third on English.D. on mathematics, and the third on English.E. on mathematics: and the third on English.

20. The Diary of Anne Frank showed a younggirl's courage during two years of hiding.A. showed a young girl's courageB. shows a young girl's courageC. did show a young girls courageD. has shown a young girl's courageE. showed a young girl's courage21. In August my parents will be married fortwenty-five years.A. will be married for twenty-five years.B. shall have been married for twenty-fiveyears.

C. will have been married for twenty-fiveyears.D. will be married for twenty five years.E. will have married for twenty-five years.

Answer Key1. D2. E3. E4. C5. A6. A

7. B8. C9. B10. D11. D12. E13. A14. B15. A16. E17. E18. A19. D

20. B 21. C



18

1. The word boycott derives from the nameof Charles C. Boycott, an English land agentin Ireland that was ostracized for refusing toreduce rent.A. that was ostracized for refusingB. who was ostracized for refusing

C. which was ostracized for refusingD. that had been ostracized for refusingE. who had been ostracized for refusing

2. As a result of his method for early musiceducation, Shinichi Suzuki has been known asoneof the world's great violin teachers.A. has been known as oneB. had been known as oneC. is seen as oneD. is being seen as oneE. has been one

3. Last night the weather forecasterannounced that this is the most rainy seasonthe area has had in the past decade.A. this is the most rainy season theB. this has been the most rainy season theC. this was the most rainy season theD. this is noted as the most rainy season theE. this is the rainiest season the

4. Although Mandy is younger than her sister,Mandy is the tallest of the two.

A. is the tallest of theB. is the taller of theC. has been the taller of theD. is the most tall of theE. is the more taller of the

5. When Katherine Hepburn's play came totown, all the tickets had sold out far inadvance.A. had sold out farB. have sold out farC. were sold out far

D. had been sold out farE. had been sold out for

6. The origins of most sports is unknown.A. sports is unknownB. sports have been unknownC. sports are unknownD. sports has been unknownE. sports are now unknown

7. Neither of the Smith brothers expect to bedrafted by a major league team this year.

A. expect to be draftedB. expects to be draftedC. has expected to be drafted

D. is expecting to be draftedE. was expecting to be drafted8. Has any of the witnesses been sworn inyet?A. Has any of theB. Is any of the

C. Will any of theD. Are any of theE. Have any of the

9. The Lusitania sunk on May 7, 1915.A. sunkB. did sinkC. was sunkD. did sankE. sank

10. Whos in the office now?

A. Whos inB. Whose inC. Who is inD. Who's inE. Whose' in

11. There are now many kinds of dictionaries,such as a dictionary of synonyms andantonyms, a biographical dictionary, and ageographical dictionary with pronunciationsgiven.A. with pronunciations given

B. that has pronunciations givenC. with pronunciations' givenD. that have pronunciations givenE. that do have pronunciations given

12. Towering seven hundred feet above thevalley floor, Mount Rushmore NationalMemorialwas an impressive site.A. was an impressive siteB. is a impressive sightC. is an impressive sightD. was an impressive sight

E. is an impressive site

13. San Francisco lays southwest ofSacramento.A. lays southwestB. has laid southwestC. is lying southwestD. lain southwestE. lies southwest

14. Did they know that Labor Dayalways came on the first Monday in

September?A. came onB. comes on



19

C. has come onD. had come onE. has came on

15. Eating, drinking, and to stay up late atnight were among her pleasures.A. to stay up lateB. to remain up lateC. staying up lateD. she liked staying up lateE. trying to stay up late

16. Each night when night came and thetemperature fell, my parents lit the fire inthe bedroom.A. and the temperature fell,B. and that the temperature did fallC. and that the temperature fell

D. and because the temperature fellE. and when the temperature fell

17. Francis promised to bring the Papagobasket that she bought in Arizona.A. bought inB. had bought inC. has bought inD. did buy inE. purchased in

18. He has lain his racquetball glove on thebeach.A. has lainB. has laidC. have lainD. have laidE. is lying

19. I would have lent you my notes ifyou would have asked me.A. would have asked meB. could of askedC. could ask

D. had askedE. had of asked

20. Many scientists are still hoping to havefound life on another planet.A. to have foundB. to findC. two findD. to have been foundE. too have found

21. Because she had an astounding memory,

Sue has never forgotten an importantequation.

A. had anB. could have hadC. hasD. did haveE. has had

Answer Key1. B2. C3. E4. B5. D6. C7. B8. E9. E10. D11. A

12. C13. E14. B15. C16. E17. B18. B19. D20. B21. C



20

1. David was known for belching; and tellinginappropriate jokes in public.A. CapitalizationB. PunctuationC. SpellingD. Grammar

2. Graduation from High School is consideredby many a momentous occasion.A. CapitalizationB. PunctuationC. SpellingD. Grammar

3. Nurses plays a vital role in the healthcareprofession.A. CapitalizationB. Punctuation

C. SpellingD. Grammar

4. After having his tonsels removed, the childwas listless for a few days.A. CapitalizationB. PunctuationC. SpellingD. Grammar

5. The park was serine at twilight.A. CapitalizationB. PunctuationC. SpellingD. Grammar

6. Was the patient's mind lucid during theevaluation.A. CapitalizationB. PunctuationC. SpellingD. Grammar

7. The bachalor never married. Most peoplethought it was because of misogyny.A. CapitalizationB. PunctuationC. SpellingD. Grammar

8. The intricacy of the mathematicalequation, drove the student crazy trying tosolve it.A. CapitalizationB. PunctuationC. Spelling

D. Grammar

9. The hybrid tomatoes is immune to mostcommon diseases.A. CapitalizationB. PunctuationC. SpellingD. Grammar

10. The professor was humiliated when hisstudents reported him to the Dean for verbalabuse.A. CapitalizationB. PunctuationC. SpellingD. Grammar

11. The con artist hoodwinked the old ladywhen he sold her fradulent insurance.A. Capitalization

B. PunctuationC. SpellingD. Grammar

12. The movie star was accused of amisdemeanor, when she stole 15 dollarsworth of merchandise from the store.A. CapitalizationB. PunctuationC. SpellingD. Grammar

13. The congregation sang a comtemporaryhymn.A. CapitalizationB. PunctuationC. SpellingD. Grammar

14. The wound were necrotic whenexamined.A. CapitalizationB. PunctuationC. Spelling

D. Grammar

15. The defendint exhibited a peevishappearance.A. CapitalizationB. PunctuationC. SpellingD. Grammar

16. The band director was scheduled to playthe piccolo on tuesday.A. Capitalization

B. PunctuationC. Spelling



21

D. Grammar

17. The renter was remiss; about the rent.A. CapitalizationB. PunctuationC. SpellingD. Grammar18. The old man was know for sapientknowledge.A. CapitalizationB. PunctuationC. SpellingD. Grammar

19. The inventor create several speciousideas to solve the problem.A. CapitalizationB. Punctuation

C. SpellingD. Grammar

20. The teacher identified the troublemakers,in her classroom.A. CapitalizationB. PunctuationC. SpellingD. Grammar

Answer Key1. B2. A3. D4. C5. C6. B7. C8. B9. D10. A11. C12. B13. C

14. D15. C16. A17. B18. D19. D20. B



22

1. An instrument store gives a 10% discount toall students off the original cost of aninstrument. During a back to school sale anadditional 15% is taken off the discountedprice. Julie, a student at the local highschool, purchases a flute for $306. How much

did it originally cost?A. $325B. $375C. $400D. $408E. $425

2. If y(x-1)=z then x=A. y-zB. z/y + 1C. y(z-1)D. z(y-1)

E. 1-zy

3. Which of the following values is NOT equalto 34(58+9)?A. 34 x 67B. 58(34+9)C. 34 x 58 + 34 x 9D. 1,972 + 306E. (9 + 58) 34

4. Two angles of a triangle measure 15° and85 °. What is the measure for the third

angle?A. 50°B. 55°C. 60°D. 80°E. 90°

5. If 5 ounces is equal to 140 grams, then 2pounds of ground meat is equal to how manygrams?A. 863B. 878

C. 896D. 915E. 932

6. Which year did the most children takeswimming lessons?

A. 1990B. 1991C. 1992D. 1994E. 1995

7. Between which year did the largestdecrease in children taking swimming lessonsoccur?

A. 1990-1991B. 1991-1992C. 1992-1993D. 1993-1994E. 1994-1995

8. What was the average number of childrentaking swim lessons from 1990 to 1995?A. 250B. 308C. 385D. 450E. 1,850

9. Which of the following is equal to 5.93 x10-2?A. 0.0593B. 0.00593C. 593D. 5930E. 59300

10. On a Map, 1 inch represents 20 miles. Thedistance between 2 towns is 6 1/5 inches.How many miles are actually between thetwo towns?A. 65 milesB. 84 milesC. 124 milesD. 138 milesE. 145 miles

11. Which of the following is a correct graphof x>1, x <4?

A. Line AB. Line BC. Line C

D. Line DE. Line E

12. How many cubed pieces of fudge that are3 inches on an edge can be packed into aChristmas tin that is 9 inches deep by 12inches wide by 8 inches high with the lid stillbeing able to be closed?A. 18B. 24C. 32D. 36

E. 43



23

13. Sarah is twice as old as her youngestbrother. If the difference between their agesis 15 years. How old is her youngest brother?A. 10B. 15C. 20

D. 25E. 30

14. Which of the following fractions is equalto 5/6?A. 20/30B. 15/24C. 25/30D. 40/54E. 2/7

15. What will it cost to tile a kitchen floor

that is 12 feet wide by 20 feet long if the tilecost $8.91 per square yard?A. $224.51B. $237.60C. $246.55D. $271.38E. $282.32

16. In a writing competition, the first placewinner receives ½ of the prize money. Thesecond runner up receives ¼ of what thewinner won. What was the total amount of

prize money distributed if the winnerreceives $6,000?A. $6,000B. $8,500C. $12,000D. $15,000E. $18,500

17. You are lying 120 ft away from a tree thatis 50 feet tall. You look up at the top of thetree. Approximately how far is your hear fromthe top of the tree in a straight line?

A. 50 feetB. 75 feetC. 120 feetD. 130 feetE. 150 feet

18. A cyclist bikes x distance at 10 miles perhour and returns over the same path at 8miles per hour. What is the cyclist's averagerate for the round trip in miles per hour?A. 8.1B. 8.3C. 8.6

D. 8.9

E. 9.0

19. If edging cost $2.32 per 12-inch stone,and you want a double layer of edging aroundyour flower bed that is 6 yards by 1 yard.How much will edging you flower bed cost?A. $32.48B. $64.96C. $97.44D. $129.92E. $194.88

20. If 3x=6x-15 then x + 8=A. 5B. 10C. 11D. 12E. 13

21. The number of milliliters in 1 liter isA. 10,000B. 1,000C. 0.1D. 0.01E. 0.001

22. The cost to ride on a ferry is $5.00 pervehicle and driver with an additional cost of50 cents per passenger. If the charge to geton the ferry is $6.50, how many people werein the vehicle?A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4E. 5

23. What is 1/9 of 9?A. 1/9B. 0C. 1D. 2

E. 3

24. In his pocket, a boy has 3 red marbles, 4blue marbles, and 4 green marbles. Howmany will he have to take out of his pocket toensure that he has taken out at least one ofeach color?A. 3B. 7C. 8D. 9E. 11



24

25. Which fraction is equal to 0.20%?A. 1/20B. 1/40C. 1/50D. 1/400E. 1/500

26. Find the missing term in the followingsequence: 4, 9, 19, __, 79A. 36B. 37C. 38D. 39E. 40

27. How much money did Jessica's budgetallow for housing in April of 2001?

A. $617.80B. $620.92C. $622.50D. $626.38E. $633.20

28. What was the average amount of moneythat Jessica's budget allowed for clothing thefirst six months of 2001?A. $249.90B. $250.40C. $251.32

D. $253.33E. $255.75

29. If Jessica only spent 20% instead of the25% allotment for food in May of 2001, howmuch did she save?A. $131.10B. $144.30C. $148.32D. $152.22E. $153.33

30. Jonathan can type a 20 page document in40 minutes, Susan can type it in 30 minutes,and Jack can type it in 24 minutes. Workingtogether, how much time will it take them totype the same document?A. 5 minutesB. 10 minutesC. 15 minutesD. 18 minutesE. 20 minutes

31. Of the following fractions, which is less

than 2/3?A. 7/8B. 5/6

C. 3/4D. 3/5E. 5/7

32. A hockey team won 6 games and lost 8.What is the ratio of wins to number ofgames?A. 6/8B. 8/6C. 3/7D. 8/14E. 6/7

33. Sue receives a base salary of $90 weeklyplus a 12% commission on all sales. Sue had$3,000 in sales this week. How much did shemake total?A. $375

B. $450C. $480D. $510E. $525

34. If the perimeter of a rectangular house is25 1/3 yards, and the length is 22 feet. Whatis the width?A. 16 feetB. 35 feetC. 37 feetD. 40 feet

E. 42 feet

35. Jimmy made a 15% profit on the sale of acustom designed boat, and the original costof the

boat was $15,000. The boat sold for howmuch?A. $17,250.00B. $16,540.44C. $16,230.34D. $15,980.55E. $15,870.88

36. A recent study showed that an increase inbody weight by 10 kilograms resulted in a0.15% increase in heart disease. Whatfraction is equal to 0.15%?A. 3/2000B. 2/750C. 7/4000D. 5/3462E. 1/500

37. 6.334 x 104 =

A. 0.0006334B. 0.06334



25

C. 6334D. 63340E. 633400

38. If 3x + 5x = -8, then x + 1 =A. -2B. -1C. 0D. 1E. 2

39. Two angle in a triangle equal 120°. Whatis the measure of the third angle?A. 60°B. 70°C. 80°D. 90°E. 120°

40. Which of the following would be anappropriate unit to measure sugar for acookie recipe?A. litersB. cupsC. quartsD. kilogramsE. pounds

Answer Key1. C2. B3. B4. D5. C6. E7. C8. B9. A10. C11. A12. B13. B

14. C15. B16. C17. D18. D19. E20. E21. B22. D23. C24. D25. E26. D

27. C28. E29. A

30. B31. D32. C33. B34. A35. A

36. A37. D38. C39. A40. B



26

1. Two angles of a triangle each measure 70°.What is the measure of the third angle indegrees?A. 40°B. 80°C. 100°

D. 120°E. 140°

2. If Jack needs 2 ½ pints of cream to make adessert. How many pints will he need to make3 desserts?A. 2 ½B. 3C. 4D. 5E. 7 ½

3. A discount store takes 50% off of the retailprice of a desk. For the store's holiday sale, ittakes an additional 20% off of all furniture.The desk's retail price was $320. How much isthe desk on sale for during the holiday sale?A. $107B. $114C. $128D. $136E. $192

4. Which vacation destination is most

common for the students?

A. BeachB. Historical SitesC. CruisesD. MountainsE. Other

5. If 500 students attend Washington MiddleSchool, how many are going to the mountainsfor vacation?A. 25

B. 60C. 75D. 100E. 125

6. If a ¼ of a teaspoon is 1 ml, then howmany milliliters are in 6 teaspoons?A. 10 mlB. 12.5 mlC. 15 mlD. 20 mlE. 24 ml

7. Which of the following is the correct graphfor x≥3 or x≤ -2?

A. Line AB. Line BC. Line CD. Line DE. Line E

8. A scale on a map states that every ¼ of aninch represents 20 miles. If two cities are 3 ½inches apart, how many miles are actuallybetween the two cities?A. 14 milesB. 20 milesC. 125 milesD. 230 milesE. 280 miles

9. Michelle wants to expand her flowerbed byincreasing the length and width each by 2 ft.

What will the new area of the flowerbed be,if L and W represent the original dimensionsof the flowerbed's length and width?A. 2 LWB. 2 (L+W)C. 2L +2WD. (L+2) (W+2)E. LW/2

10. Melinda's lights went out. She has 3 pairsof red socks in her drawer, 2 pairs of blacksocks, and 5 pairs of white socks. What is the

minimum number of pairs she must removefrom the drawer to ensure that she has a pairof each color?A. 3B. 5C. 7D. 9E. 10

11. Which of the following fractions arecorrectly placed from the least in value tothe greatest in value?

A. 1/4, 17/25, 3/4, 11/16B. 17/25, 1/4, 11/16, 3/4C. 1/4, 17/25, 11/16, 3/4D. 1/4, 17/25, 3/4, 11/16E. 3/4, 17/25, 11/16, 1/4

12. What is the mathematical average of thenumber of days in a typical year, the numberof days in a week, and the number of hours ina day?A. 100B. 115C. 132

D. 158



27

E. 224

13. 1.75 x 105=A. 175,000B. 17,500C. 1,750D. 0.00175E. 0.000175

14. The electric company charges 3 cents perkilowatt-hour. George used 2800 kilowatt-hours in April, 3200 kilowatt-hours in May,and 3600 kilowatt-hours in June. What washis average cost of electricity for the 3months?A. $72B. $88C. $96

D. $102E. $113

15. On a map, 1/3 inch equals 15 miles. Thedistance between two towns on a map is 32/3 inches. How many miles are actuallybetween the two towns?A. 11B. 16C. 88D. 132E. 165

16. James invested $4,000 at 5% interest peryear; how long will it take him to earn $200in simple interest?A. 1 yearB. 2 yearsC. 3 yearsD. 4 yearsE. 5 years

17. John pays $650 in property tax. What isthe assessed value of his property if property

taxes are 1.2% of assessed value?A. $28,800.27B. $41,328.90C. $43,768.99D. $54,166.67E. $64,333.39

18. A lamp is marked with a sale price of$23.80, which is 15% off of the regular price.What is the regular price?A. $26B. $28

C. $30D. $32

E. $43

19. A mattress store sells their stock for 15%off of retail. If someone pays cash, they takean additional 10% off of the discounted price.If a mattress's retail price is $750, what is theprice after the store discount and the cashdiscount?A. $550.75B. $562.50C. $573.75D. $637.50E. $675.00

20. 85% of what number is 136?A. 160B. 170C. 180

D. 190E. 220

21. A building that is 150 ft tall casts ashadow of 20 feet long. At the same time atree casts a shadow of 2 ft. How tall is thetree?A. 10B. 15C. 20D. 25E. 30

22. Which of the following is a truestatement?A. The product of two negative numbers isnegative.B. The product of one negative and onepositive number is positive.C. When dividing a positive number by anegative number, the results are negative.D. When dividing a negative number by apositive number, the results are positive.E. When dividing a negative number by a

negative number the results are negative.

23. What is the fractional equivalent of12.5%?A. 1/4B. 2/9C. 1/5D. 1/8E. 2/7

24. Change 4 3/5 to an improper fraction.A. 23/5

B. 7/5C. 12/20D. 20/12



28

E. 12/5

25. The fine for a driver riding in the carpoollane without any passengers is $133. A driveris issued a bench warrant for $2,294.25,which includes a 15% fee for late charges andcourt costs. How many tickets has the drivernot paid?A. 10B. 12C. 13D. 14E. 15

26. Brett started a race at 6:30 A.M., and hedid not cross the finish line until 1:05 P.M.How long did it take for Brett to finish therace?

A. 6 hours and 15 minutesB. 6 hours and 35 minutesC. 7 hours and 5 minutesD. 7 hours and 15 minutesE. 7 hours and 35 minutes

27. What is the fraction equivalent of theshaded region in the following circle?A. 2/3B. 3/8C. 4/5D. 3/4

E. 7/16

28. Multiply 2.345 x 0.023A. 0.53935B. 0.053935C. 0.0053935D. 10.195652E. 101.95652

29. A men's basketball team won 24 gamesand lost 32. What is the ratio of games lost tothe number of games played?

A. 32:24B. 4:3C. 3:4D. 4:7E. 3:7

30. Which of the following choices isequivalent to 5/6?A. 5/12B. 10/6C. 20/30D. 15/24

E. 15/18

31. Jill earns $120 for 8 hours of work. At thesame pay rate, how much will she earn for 15hours of work?A. $180B. $225C. $245

D. $280E. $310

32. Which two years were the least number oftires sold?

A. 1998 and 1999B. 1998 and 2000C. 1998 and 2001D. 1999 and 2000E. 2000 and 2001

33. Which year did the store sell 1/3 moretires than the year before?A. 1998B. 1999C. 2000D. 2001E. This did not occur during the 4 year span.

34. What was the average number of tiressold by the store from 1998 to 2001?A. 9,000

B. 9,375C. 9,545D. 9,770E. 9,995

35. A salesman sold 20 cars in the month ofJuly, and 40 cars the month of August. Whatis the percent increase in the number of carsthe salesman sold?A. 50%B. 100%C. 150%

D. 200%E. 250%

36. If one side of a square is 5 units, what isthe area of the square?A. 10B. 15C. 20D. 25E. 3037. If 8x + 5 = 21, then 3 x + 4 =A. 2B. 5

C. 10D. 16



29

E. 17

38. In triangle ABC, AB=BC and (C's measure is65°.) What is the measure of angle B?A. 40°B. 50°C. 60°D. 65°E. 75°

39. If the average arithmetic mean of 8, 12,15, 21, x and 11 is 17 then what is x?A. 3B. 15C. 17D. 35E. 42

40. Sarah has a 20 dollar bill and a 5 dollarbill. If she purchases two items, one for$11.23 and the other for $8.32, then howmuch money does she have left over?A. $3.75B. $5.45C. $6.34D. $7.77E. $8.12

Answer Key1. A2. E3. C4. A5. B6. E7. D8. E9. D10. D11. C12. C13. A

14. C15. E16. A17. D18. B19. C20. A21. B22. C23. D24. A25. E26. B

27. A28. B29. D

30. E31. B32. B33. B34. B35. B

36. D37. C38. B39. D40. B



30

1. How long will Lucy have to wait before forher $2,500 invested at 6% earns $600 insimple interest?A. 2 yearsB. 3 yearsC. 4 years

D. 5 yearsE. 6 years

2. Grace has 16 jellybeans in her pocket. Shehas 8 red ones, 4 green ones, and 4 blueones. What is the minimum number ofjellybeans she must take out of her pocket toensure that she has one of each color?A. 4B. 8C. 12D. 13

E. 16

3. If r = 5 z then 15 z = 3 y, then r =A. yB. 2 yC. 5 yD. 10 yE. 15 y

4. What is 35% of a number if 12 is 15% of anumber?A. 5

B. 12C. 28D. 33E. 62

5. A computer is on sale for $1600, which is a20% discount off the regular price. What isthe regular price?A. $1800B. $1900C. $2000D. $2100

E. $2200

6. A car dealer sells a SUV for $39,000, whichrepresents a 25% profit over the cost. Whatwas the cost of the SUV to the dealer?A. $29,250B. $31,200C. $32,500D. $33,800E. $33,999

7. After having to pay increased income taxes

this year, Edmond has to sell his BMW.Edmond bought the car for $49,000, but hesold it for a 20% loss. What did Edmond sell

the car for?A. $24,200B. $28,900C. $35,600D. $37,300E. $39,200

8. If Sam can do a job in 4 days that Lisa cando in 6 days and Tom can do in 2 days, howlong would the job take if Sam, Lisa, and Tomworked together to complete it?A. 0.8 daysB. 1.09 daysC. 1.23 daysD. 1.65 daysE. 1.97 days

9. Find 0.12 ÷12

A. 100B. 10C. 1D. 0.01E. 0.001

10. Divide x5 by x2 A. x25 B. x10 C. x7 D. x3 E. x2.5

11. Which of the following numbers could bedescribed in the following way: an integerthat is a natural, rational and whole number?A. 0B. 1C. 2.33D. -3E. none of the above

12. Find the mode of the following list ofnumbers: 2, 4, 6, 4, 8, 2, 9, 4, 3, 8

A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 5E. 6

13. In the fraction 3/x, x may not besubstituted by which of the following sets?A. {1, 2, 4}B. {-2,-3,-4}C. {1, 3, 7}D. {0, 10, 20}

E. {1.8, 4.3}



31

14. Sarah needs to make a cake and somecookies. The cake requires 3/8 cup of sugarand the cookies require 3/5 cup of sugar.Sarah has 15/16 cups of sugar. Does she haveenough sugar, or how much more does sheneed?

A. She has enough sugar.B. She needs 1/8 of a cup of sugar.C. She needs 3/80 of a cup of sugar.D. She needs 4/19 of a cup of sugar.E. She needs 1/9 of a cup of sugar.

15. At a company fish fry, 1/2 in attendanceare employees. Employees' spouses are 1/3 ofthe

attendance. What is the percentage of thepeople in attendance who are not employeesor employee spouses?

A. 10.5%B. 16.7%C. 25%D. 32.3%E. 38%

16. In a college, some courses contributemore towards an overall GPA than othercourses. For example, a science class is worth4 points; mathematics is worth 3 points;History is worth 2 points; and English is worth3 points. The values of the grade letters are

as follows, A= 4, B=3, C=2, D=1, F=0. What isthe GPA of a student who made a “C” inTrigonometry, a “B” in American History, an“A” in Botany, and a “B” in Microbiology? A. 2.59B. 2.86C. 3.08D. 3.33E. 3.67

17. There are 8 ounces in a ½ pound. Howmany ounces are in 7 3/4 lbs?

A. 12 ouncesB. 86 ouncesC. 119 ouncesD. 124 ouncesE. 138 ounces

18. If the value of x and y in the fractionXZ/Y are both tripled, how does the value ofthe fraction change?A. increases by halfB. decreases by halfC. triplesD. doubles

E. remains the same

19. What is the next number in the followingpattern? 1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, ___A. 1/10B. 1/12C. 1/14D. 1/15

E. 1/16

20. Of the following units which would bemore likely used to measure the amount ofwater in a bathtub?A. kilogramsB. litersC. millilitersD. centigramsE. volts

21. If a match box is 0.17 feet long, what is

its length in inches the most closelycomparable to the following?A. 5 1/16 inch highlighterB. 3 1/8 inch jewelry boxC. 2 3/4 inch lipstickD. 2 3/16 inch staple removerE. 4 1/2 inch calculator

22. Which of the following fractions is theequivalent of 0.5%?A. 1/20B. 1/200

C. 1/2000D. 1/5E. 1/500

23. In the graph below, no axes or origin isshown. If point B's coordinates are (10,3),which of the following coordinates wouldmost likely be A's?

A. (17, -2)B. (10, 6)C. (6, 8)

D. (-10, 3)E. (-2, -17)

24. Over the course of a week, Fred spent$28.49 on lunch. What was the average costper day?A. $4.07B. $3.57C. $6.51D. $2.93E. $5.41

25. Of the following units, which would bemost likely to measure the amount of sugarneeded in a recipe for 2 dozen cookies?



32

A. degrees CelsiusB. millilitersC. quartsD. kilogramsE. cups

26. Jim has 5 pieces of string. He needs tochoose the piece that will be able to goaround his 36-inch waist. His belt broke, andhis pants are falling down. The piece needs tobe at least 4 inches longer than his waist sohe can tie a knot in it, but it cannot be morethat 6 inches longer so that the ends will notshow from under his shirt. Which of thefollowing pieces of string will work the best?A. 3 4/5 feetB. 3 2/3 feetC. 3 3/8 feet

D. 3 1/4 feetE. 2 1/2 feet

27. After purchasing a flat screen televisionfor $750, John realizes that he got a greatdeal on it and wishes to sell it for a 15%profit. What should his asking price be for thetelevision?A. $800.30B. $833.60C. $842.35D. $862.50E. $970.25

28. If 300 jellybeans cost you x dollars. Howmany jellybeans can you purchase for 50cents at the same rate?A. 150/xB. 150xC. 6xD. x/6E. 1500x

29. If 6 is 24% of a number, what is 40% of the

same number?A. 8B. 10C. 15D. 20E. 25

30. Lee worked 22 hours this week and made$132. If she works 15 hours next week at thesame pay rate, how much will she make?A. $57B. $90C. $104

D. $112

E. $122

31. The last week of a month a car dealershipsold 12 cars. A new sales promotion came outthe first week of the next month and the sold19 cars that week. What was the percentincrease in sales from the last week of theprevious month compared to the first week ofthe next month?A. 58%B. 119%C. 158%D. 175%E. 200%

32. If 8x + 5x + 2x + 4x = 114, the 5x + 3 =A. 12B. 25

C. 33D. 47E. 86

33. If two planes leave the same airport at1:00 PM, how many miles apart will they beat 3:00 PM if one travels directly north at 150mph and the other travels directly west at200 mph?A. 50 milesB. 100 milesC. 500 miles

D. 700 milesE. 1,000 miles

34. What is the cost in dollars to steam cleana room W yards wide and L yards long it thesteam cleaners charge 10 cents per squarefoot?A. 0.9WLB. 0.3WLC. 0.1WLD. 9WLE. 3WL

35. Find 8.23 x 109 A. 0.00000000823B. 0.000000823C. 8.23D. 8230000000E. 823000000000

36. During a 5-day festival, the number ofvisitors tripled each day. If the festivalopened on a Thursday with 345 visitors, whatwas the attendance on that Sunday?

A. 345B. 1,035C. 1,725



33

D. 3,105E. 9,315

37. Which of the following has the leastvalue?A. 0.27B. 1/4C. 3/8D. 2/11E. 11%

38. How many boys attended the 1995convention?

A. 358B. 390C. 407D. 540

E. 716

39. Which year did the same number of boysand girls attend the conference?A. 1995B. 1996C. 1997D. 1998E. None

40. Which two years did the least number ofboys attend the convention?A. 1995 and 1996B. 1995 and 1998C. 1996 and 1997D. 1997 and 1994E. 1997 and 1998

Answer Key1. C2. D3. A4. C5. C

6. B7. E8. B9. D10. D11. B12. C13. D14. C15. B16. C17. D18. E

19. E20. B

21. D22. B23. C24. A25. E26. C

27. D28. A29. B30. B31. A32. C33. C34. A35. D36. E37. E38. A39. A

40. A



34

1. What will it cost to carpet a room withindoor/outdoor carpet if the room is 10 feetwide and 12 feet long? The carpet costs 12.51per square yard.A. $166.80B. $175.90

C. $184.30D. $189.90E. $192.20

2. If the perimeter of a rectangular house is44 yards, and the length is 36 feet, what isthe width of the house?A. 10 yardsB. 18 yardsC. 28 feetD. 32 feetE. 36 yards

3. What is the volume of the followingcylinder?A. 210.91B. 226.20C. 75.36D. 904.32E. 28.26

4. What is the volume of a cube whose widthis 5 inches?A. 15 cubic inches

B. 25 cubic inchesC. 64 cubic inchesD. 100 cubic inchesE. 125 cubic inches

5. Sally has three pieces of material. The firstpiece is 1 yd. 2 ft. 6 in. long, the secondpiece is 2 yd. 1 ft. 5 in long, and the thirdpiece is 4 yd. 2ft. 8in long. How muchmaterial does Sally have?A. 7 yd. 1 ft. 8 in.B. 8 yd. 4 ft. 4 in.

C. 8 yd. 11 in.D. 9 yd. 7 in.E. 10 yd.

6. A can's diameter is 3 inches, and its heightis 8 inches. What is the volume of the can?A. 50.30B. 56.55C. 75.68D. 113.04E. 226.08

7. If the area of a square flowerbed is 16square feet, then how many feet is theperimeter of the flowerbed?

A. 4B. 12C. 16D. 20E. 24

8. Of the following units which would bemore likely used to measure the amount ofwater in a bathtub?A. kilogramsB. litersC. millilitersD. centigramsE. volts

9. If a match box is 0.17 feet long, what is itslength in inches the most closely comparableto the following?

A. 5 1/16 inch highlighterB. 3 1/8 inch jewelry boxC. 2 3/4 inch lipstickD. 2 3/16 inch staple removerE. 4 1/2 inch calculator

10. What is the cost in dollars to steam cleana room W yards wide and L yards long it thesteam cleaners charge 10 cents per squarefoot?A. 0.9WLB. 0.3WL

C. 0.1WLD. 9WLE. 3WL

11. One inch equals 2.54 cm, How manycentimeters tall is a 76 inch man?A. 20 cmB. 29.92 cmC. 193.04 cmD. 300.04 cmE. 593.04 cm

12. A room measures 11 ft x 12 ft x 9 ft. Whatis the volume?A. 1188 ft3 B. 32 ft3 C. 120 ft3 D. 1300 ft3 E. 1350 ft3

13. A vitamin's expiration date has passed. Itwas supposed to contain 500 mg of Calcium,but it has lost 325 mg of Calcium. How manymg of Calcium are left?

A. 135 mgB. 175 mgC. 185 mg



35

D. 200 mgE. 220 mg

14. You have orders to give a patient 20 mgof a certain medication. The medication isstored 4 mg per 5-mL dose. How manymilliliters will need to be given?A. 15 mLB. 20 mLC. 25 mLD. 30 mLE. 35 mL

15. You need exactly a 1680 ft3 aquarium foryour fish. At the pet store you see fourchoices of aquariums, but the volume is notlisted. The length, width, and height arelisted on the box. Which of the following

aquariums would fit your needs?A. 12 ft x 12 ft x 12 ftB. 13 ft x 15 ft x 16 ftC. 14 ft x 20 ft x 6 ftD. 15 ft x 16 ft x 12 ftE. 15 ft x 12 ft x 12 ft

16. One slice of bread is 80 calorie.Approximately how many calories are in 2 ½slices of bread?A. 140 caloriesB. 200 calories

C. 220 caloriesD. 240 caloriesE. 260 calories

Answer Key1. A2. A3. B4. E5. D6. B7. C

8. B9. D10. A11. C12. A13. B14. C15. C16. B



36

1. If a discount of 20% off the retail price of adesk saves Mark $45, how much did he pay forthe desk?A. $145B. $160C. $180

D. $210E. $215

2. A customer pays $1,100 in state taxes on anewly purchased car. What is the value of thecar if state taxes are 8.9% of the value?A. $9.765.45B. $10,876.90C. $12,359.55D. $14,345.48E. $15,745.45

3. How many years does Steven need toinvest his $3,000 at 7% to earn $210 in simpleinterest?A. 1 yearB. 2 yearsC. 3 yearsD. 4 yearsE. 5 years

4. Sabrina's boss states that she will increaseSabrina's salary from $12,000 to $14,000 peryear if she enrolls in business courses at a

local community college. What percentincrease in salary will result from Sabrinataking the business courses?A. 15%B. 16.7%C. 17.2%D. 85%E. 117%

5. 35% of what number is 70?A. 100B. 110

C. 150D. 175E. 200

6. What number is 5% of 2000?A. 50B. 100C. 150D. 200E. 250

7. What percent of 90 is 27?

A. 15%B. 20%C. 30%

D. 33%E. 41%

8. Jim works for $15.50 per hour for a healthcare facility. He is supposed to get a 75 centper hour raise at one year of service. Whatwill his percent increase in hourly pay be?A. 2.7%B. 3.3%C. 133%D. 4.8%E. 105%

9. If 45 is 120% of a number, what is 80% ofthe same number?A. 30B. 32C. 36

D. 38E. 41

10. How long will Lucy have to wait beforeher $2,500 invested at 6% earns $600 insimple interest?A. 2 yearsB. 3 yearsC. 4 yearsD. 5 yearsE. 6 years

11. What is 35% of a number if 12 is 15% of anumber?A. 5B. 12C. 28D. 33E. 62

12. A computer is on sale for $1600, which isa 20% discount off the regular price. What isthe regular price?A. $1800

B. $1900C. $2000D. $2100E. $2200

13. A car dealer sells a SUV for $39,000,which represents a 25% markup over thedealer's cost. What was the cost of the SUV tothe dealer?A. $29,250B. $31,200C. $32,500

D. $33,800E. $33,999



37

14. After having to pay increased incometaxes this year, Edmond has to sell his BMW.Edmond bought the car for $49,000, but hesold it for a 20% loss. What did Edmond sellthe car for?A. $24,200

B. $28,900C. $35,600D. $37,300E. $39,200

15. At a company fish fry, ½ in attendanceare employees. Employees' spouses are 1/3 ofthe attendance. What is the percentage ofthe people in attendance who are notemployees or employee spouses?A. 10.5%B. 16.7%

C. 25%D. 32.3%E. 38%

16. If 6 is 24% of a number, what is 40% of thesame numberA. 8B. 10C. 15D. 20E. 25

17. 25% of 400 =A. 100B. 200C. 800D. 10,000E. 12,000

18. 22% of $900 =A. 90B. 198C. 250D. 325

E. 375

19. Which of the following percentages isequal to 0.45?A. 0.045%B. 0.45%C. 4.5%D. 45%E. 0.0045%

20. Which of these percentages equals 1.25?A. 0.125%

B. 12.5%C. 125%D. 1250%

E. 1250.5%

Answer Key1. C2. C3. A4. B5. E6. B7. C8. D9. A10. C11. C12. C13. B14. E15. B

16. B17. A18. B19. D20. C



38

Read the passage below and answer

question 1.

ASTHMA

About 17 million children and adults in the

United States suffer from asthma, acondition that makes it hard to breathe.

Today it is a problem that is treatable with

modern medicine. In days gone by, there

were many different superstitions about

how to cure asthma. Some people thought

that eating crickets with a little wine would

help. Eating raw cat's meat might be the

cure. Another idea was to gather some

spiders' webs, roll them into a ball, and

then swallow them. People also thought

that if you ate a diet of only boiled carrotsfor two weeks, your asthma might go

away. This carrot diet may actually have

done some good for asthma patients, since

vitamin A in carrots is good for the lungs.

1. The main purpose of the passage is to:

a. Describe herbal remedies

b. Explain some of the measures for

treating asthma from long ago

c. Define superstitions

d. Extol the virtues of modern medicinee. Explain why asthma came about


question 2.

BLACK HISTORY MONTH

Black History Month is unnecessary. In a

place and time in which we

overwhelmingly elected an African-

American president, we can and should

move to a postracial approach toeducation. As Detroit Free Press columnist

Rochelle Riley wrote in a February 1

column calling for an end to Black History

Month, "I propose that, for the first time in

American history, this country has reached

a point where we can stop celebrating

separately, stop learning separately, stop

being American separately."

In addition to being unnecessary, the idea

that African-American history should be

focused on in a given month suggests that

it belongs in that month alone. Instead it is

important to incorporate African-American

history into what is taught every day as

American history. It needs to be recreated

as part of mainstream thought and not as

an optional, often irrelevant, side note. We

should focus efforts on pushing schools todiversify and broaden their curricula.

There are a number of other reasons to

abolish it. First of all, it has become a

shallow commercial ritual that does not

even succeed in its (limited and

misguided) goal of focusing for one month

on a sophisticated, intelligent appraisal of

the contributions and experiences of

African-Americans throughout history.

Second, there is a paternalistic flavor to themandated bestowing of a month in which

to study African-American history that is

overcome if we instead assert the need for

a comprehensive curriculum. Third, the

idea of Black History Month suggests that

the knowledge imparted in that month is

for African-Americans only, rather than

for all people.

2. The author's primary purpose in

Passage 2 is to:

a. Argue that Black History Month should

not be so commercial

b. Argue that Black History Month should

be abolished

c. Argue that Black History Month should

be maintained

d. Suggest that African-American history

should be taught in two months rather than

just one

e. Argue that African-American history is

not part of mainstream curriculum


question 3.

PARK WILDLIFE

Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks

support a wide diversity of animal species,

reflecting the range in elevation, climate,

and habitat variety there. Over 260 native

vertebrate species are in the parks;

numerous additional species may be

present but have not been confirmed. Of



39

the native vertebrates, five species are

extirpated (here meaning extinct), and over

150 are rare or uncommon. There have

been some studies of invertebrates in the

area, but there is not enough information to

know how many species occur specificallyin the parks. Many of the parks' caves

contain invertebrates, some of which exist

only in one cave and are known nowhere

else in the world. Plant life in the foothills,

where summers are hot and dry and

winters are mild, is largely chaparral on

the lower slopes, with blue oak and

California buckeye in the valleys and on

higher slopes. A number of animals live in

this area year-round; some breed here,

while others winter here. Local speciesinclude the gray fox, bobcat, striped and

spotted skunks, black bear, wood rat,

pocket gopher, white-footed mouse,

California quail, scrub jay, lesser

goldfinch, wrentit, acorn woodpecker,

gopher snake, California king snake,

striped racer, western whiptail lizard, and

the California newt.

3. What was the author's purpose in

writing this passage?

a. To entertain the reader

b. To bore the reader

c. To persuade the reader

d. To inform the reader

e. To humor the reader


question 4.

CALIFORNIA GRAPES

Grapes are one of the oldest cultivatedfruits. Hieroglyphics show that Egyptians

were involved in grape and wine

production. Also, the early Romans were

known to have developed many grape

varieties.

Grapes have been grown in California for

more than 200 years. The tradition of

viticulture (growing grapes) began in 1769

when Spanish friars established missions

throughout California. Then the boom in

grapes planted for eating arose in the early

1800s. William Wolfskill, founder of

California's citrus industry, planted the

first table grape vineyard in 1839 near Los

Angeles.

By the 1850s, the United States had

officially acquired California from

Mexico, and 80,000 gold prospectors had

moved to the region. A few of these had

the foresight to realize that there was

money in grapes as well as in gold.

Today California wine, table grapes, and

raisins are all important agricultural

commodities, with approximately 700,000

acres planted in vineyards. About 85% of

California's table grape production is in the

southern San Joaquin Valley region, withthe Coachella Valley region accounting for

most of the remaining production.

4. The author most likely wrote this

passage to:

a. Entertain the reader

b. Persuade the reader

c. Humor the reader

d. Inform the reader

e. Sway the reader


question 5.

VISUAL PERCEPTION

It is tempting to think that your eyes are

simply mirrors that reflect whatever is in

front of them. Researchers, however, have

shown that your brain is constantly

working to create the impression of a

continuous, uninterrupted world.

For instance, in the last 10 minutes, youhave blinked your eyes around 200 times.

You have probably not been aware of any

of these interruptions in your visual world.

Something you probably have not seen in a

long time without the aid of a mirror is

your nose. It is always right there, down in

the bottom corner of your vision, but your

brain filters it out so that you are not aware

of your nose unless you purposefully look

at it.



40

Nor are you aware of the artery that runs

right down the middle of your retina. It

creates a large blind spot in your visual

field, but you never notice the hole it

leaves. To see this blind spot, try the

following: Cover your left eye with yourhand. With your right eye, look at the O on

the left. As you move your head closer to

the O, the X will disappear as it enters the

blind spot caused by your optical nerve.

X

Your brain works hard to make the world

look continuous!

5. What is the main purpose of this

passage?

a. To persuade the reader to pay close

attention to blind spots

b. To explain the way visual perception

works

c. To persuade the reader to consult an

optometrist if the O and X disappear

d. To prove that vision is a passive process


question 6.

OPPOSITIONAL DEFIANT

DISORDER

On a bad day, have you ever been

irritable? Have you ever used a harsh tone

or even been verbally disrespectful to your

parents or teachers? Everyone has a short

temper from time to time, but current

statistics indicate that between 16% and

20% of a school's population suffer from a

psychological condition known as

oppositional defiant disorder, or ODD.

ODD symptoms include difficulty

complying with adult requests, excessive

arguments with adults, temper tantrums,

difficulty accepting responsibility for

actions, low frustration tolerance, and

behaviors intended to annoy or upset

adults. Parents of children with ODD often

feel as though their whole relationship is

based on conflict after conflict.

Unfortunately, ODD can be caused by anumber of factors. Some students affected

by ODD suffer abuse, neglect, and severe

or unpredictable discipline at home. Others

have parents with mood disorders or have

experienced family violence. Various

types of therapy are helpful in treating

ODD, and some drugs can treat particularsymptoms. However, no single cure exists.

The best advice from professionals is

directed toward parents. Therapists

encourage parents to avoid situations that

usually end in power struggles, to try not

to feed into oppositional behavior by

reacting emotionally, to praise positive

behaviors, and to discourage negative

behaviors with timeouts instead of harsh

discipline

6. The author's purpose in writing this

passage is to:

a. Express frustration about ODD

b. Prove that parents are the cause of ODD

c. Inform the reader about this complex

condition

d. Persuade the reader to keep students

with ODD out of public school


question 7.

EARLY POLITICAL PARTIES

The United States has always been a

pluralistic society, meaning it has

embraced many points of view and many

groups with different identities from its

beginning. That is not to say that these

groups have always seen eye to eye. The

first political parties developed in the

United States as a result of conflicting

visions of the American identity. Many politicians believed that wealthy merchants

and lawyers represented the country's true

identity, but many others saw it in the

farmers and workers who formed the

country's economic base.

The event that brought this disagreement

to the surface was the creation of the Bank

of the United States in 1791. The bank set

out to rid the country of the debts it had

accumulated during the AmericanRevolution. Until then, each state was



41

responsible for its own debts. The Bank of

the United States, however, wanted to

assume these debts and pay them off itself.

While many people considered this offer to

be a good financial deal for the states,

many states were uncomfortable with thearrangement because they saw it as a

power play by the federal government. If a

central bank had control over the finances

of individual states, the people who owned

the bank would profit from the states in the

future. This concern was the basis of the

disagreement: Who should have more

power: the individual states or the central

government?

The Democratic-Republican Partydeveloped to protest the bank, but it came

to represent a vision of America with

power spread among states. The Federalist

Party was established in defense of the

bank, but its ultimate vision was of a

strong central government that could help

steer the United States toward a more

competitive position in the world

economy. These different points of view-

central government versus separate states-

would not be resolved easily. These samedisagreements fueled the tension that

erupted into the Civil War over half a

century later.

7. What is the author's purpose in

writing this passage?

a. To persuade the reader to accept the

Federalist Party's point of view

b. To explain the disagreements between

early American political parties

c. To explain the importance of a strongcentral government

d. To criticize the founders of the Bank of

the United States


question 8.

PERIMENOPAUSE

For most women, the onset of menopause,

the period of life when they no longer

experience menstrual periods, is gradual.

Perimenopause is the time leading up to

menopause, an interval when menopause-

related changes begin to be noticed. This is

the lengthy period during which the

ovaries progressively reduce production of

the hormones estrogen and progesterone,

and a woman's ability to become pregnantis lost. Perimenopause is a normal event in

the process of aging, and indicates that the

reproductive years are coming to an end.

Most women experience the first signs of

perimenopause around the age of forty.

The first signs likely to be noticed are

menopause-related symptoms, such as

changes in periods. Menopause itself is

said to occur on the day a period has not

been experienced for 12 months in a row.Although it is sometimes referred to as

"premenopause," perimenopause is also

often considered to include the year after

menopause occurs.

During the onset of menopause, the body's

output of several key hormones fluctuates

and begins to shut down. Because

hormones influence a wide spectrum of

body functions, women may experience a

variety of symptoms during this process.

The symptoms of perimenopause are both physical and emotional and often begin

years before a woman's period actually

ceases. The cessation of ovulation known

as menopause isn't a process that happens

overnight; over a protracted period of

several years, a woman's body undergoes a

progression of changes.

Symptoms

Many of the symptoms a woman may

experience during menopause itself have

their onset during the time of

perimenopause. Most symptoms can be

managed through a combination of diet

and exercise. Most women are not

immediately aware of the changes their

bodies are going through as a result of

these hormonal fluctuations and will

become aware of changes in the schedule

of their periods as the first indication that

menopause is at hand. Symptomsexperienced during perimenopause include



42

headaches, depression and anxiety, hot

flashes and night sweats, insomnia and

fatigue, urinary problems and vaginal

dryness, weight gain, heart palpitations,

and loss of bone mass. Women who have

experienced excessive premenstrualsyndrome (PMS) symptoms in the past are

also likely to experience severe symptoms

during perimenopause.

Onset and Duration

Perimenopause usually takes place

between the ages of 45 and 55. In some

women, the onset may occur much earlier.

The duration of the change is quite

variable from woman to woman and may

last for as long as fifteen years, althoughten years is typical. The timing and

progression of the changes varies between

individuals, depending on a number of

factors including genetics and family

history. A woman whose mother or

grandmother experienced perimenopause

early is likely to do so as well. There is

also evidence linking an early onset of

perimenopause to factors such as smoking,

early childhood cancer, hysterectomy, and

women who have not borne children.

Treatment

The symptoms of perimenopause are a

normal manifestation of the aging process

and do not ordinarily require treatment.

Some physicians may choose to monitor

the levels of certain hormones-particularly

thyroid function-if the symptoms are

severe. Under normal circumstances, this

is unnecessary. However, if bleeding is

extremely heavy, lasts longer than a week,

or occurs between periods, a medical

professional should be consulted.

Symptoms such as these may indicate a

more serious underlying gynecological

problem.

8. The purpose of this article is to:

a. Describe the treatment of

perimenopause

b. Enumerate the symptoms that women

may experience when going through

perimenopause

c. Give an overall description of

perimenopause

d. Compare perimenopause to menopause

itself


questions 9-10.

DISCUSSION OF NATIVE SPEAKER,

BY CHANG-RAE LEE

Chang-Rae Lee's award-winning debut

novel Native Speaker is about Henry Park,

a Korean-American individual who

struggles to find his place as an immigrant

in a suburb of New York City. This novel

addresses the notion that as the individuals

who know us best, our family, peers, and

lovers are the individuals who direct our

lives and end up defining us. Henry Park is

confronted with this reality in the very

beginning of the novel, which opens:

The day my wife left she gave me a list of

who I was.

Upon separating from his wife, Park

struggles with racial and ethnic identity

issues due to his loneliness. ThroughParks' work as an undercover operative for

a private intelligence agency, the author

presents the theme of espionage as

metaphor for the internal divide that Park

experiences as an immigrant. This dual

reality creates two worlds for Park and

increases his sense of uncertainty with

regard to his place in society. While he

constantly feels like an outsider looking in,

he also feels like he belongs to neither

world.

Chang-Rae Lee is also a first-generation

Korean American immigrant. He

immigrated to America at the early age of

three. Themes of identity, race, and

cultural alienation pervade his works. His

interests in these themes no doubt stem

from his firsthand experience as a kid

growing up in a Korean household while

going to an American school. Lee is also

author of A Gesture Life and Aloft. The

protagonists are similar in that they deal



43

with labels placed on them based on race,

color, and language. Consequently, all of

these characters struggle to belong in

America.

Lee's novels address differences within a

nation's mix of race, religion, and history,

and the necessity of assimilation between

cultures. In his works and through his

characters, Lee shows us both the

difficulties and the subtleties of the

immigrant experience in America. He

urges us to consider the role of borders, as

well as why the idea of opening up one's

borders is so frightening. In an ever-

changing world in which cultures are

becoming increasingly intermingled, themeaning of identity must be constantly

redefined, especially when the security of

belonging to a place is becoming more

elusive. As our world grows smaller with

increasing technological advances, these

themes in Lee's novels become even more

pertinent.

9. Which of the following best describes

the purpose of this passage?

a. To criticize b. To analyze

c. To entertain

d. To inform

10. Why does the author of the passage

quote the first line of the novel Native

Speaker?

a. To illustrate one of the themes in the

novel

b. To show how the book is semi-

autobiographicalc. It is the main idea of the novel.

d. To create interest in the novel

Answers and Explanations

1. B: The purpose of the passage is to

describe different measures that people

took for asthma long ago, before the

advent of modern medicine. Answer

choice A, herbal remedies, is incorrect

because the majority of the "medicine"

described in the passage is not herbal. The

passage does not, as in answer choice C,

define superstitions. Nor does it praise

modern medicine, as answer choice D

suggests.

2. B: The entire passage makes the

argument that Black History Month should

be abolished, offering various reasons why

this is the best course of action, as in

answer choice B. Each of the other answer

choices offers a method of changing or

maintaining the existing celebration of

Black History Month, rather than

abolishing it. They are, therefore,

incorrect.

3. D: Since the author structures the

passage using main idea and detail and

gives many facts, you can determine the purpose of this passage is to inform the

reader, as in answer choice D. Even if you

did not find this passage to be entertaining,

as in answer choice A, it is unlikely that

the author would take the time to write a

piece with the intent to bore the readers, so

B can be easily eliminated. Nor is there

any attempt within the passage to make an

argument for any particular position and,

thus, persuade the reader of a certain

viewpoint; therefore, option C also doesnot apply.

4. D: Since the author structures the

passage using chronological order and

gives many facts and details, you can

quickly determine that the purpose of this

passage is to inform the reader, as in

answer choice D. Even if you did not find

this passage to be entertaining, as in

answer choice A, it is unlikely that the

author would take the time to write a piecewith the intent to bore the readers, so B

can be easily eliminated. Nor is there any

attempt within the passage to make an

argument for any particular position and,

thus, persuade the reader of a certain

viewpoint; therefore, option C also does

not apply.

5. B: The passage explains the way that

visual perception works. Choice B is,

therefore, the best answer. The author doesnot attempt to persuade the reader or prove



44

a particular viewpoint; therefore options A,

C, and D are incorrect.

6. C: This passage explores numerous

facets of ODD and is meant to inform the

reader about this psychological condition.

Choice C is the best choice. Although

parental frustration is noted, it is not the

primary focus; therefore, option A is

incorrect. Likewise, despite the fact that

parental behavior as a contributor is

mentioned, parents are not overtly blamed

for ODD. Answer choice B is, therefore,

not the correct choice. Option D does note

that a relatively high percentage of

students have ODD, but this passage

nowhere implies that they should be keptout of school because of it, so D should

also be eliminated.

7. B: This passage does not choose one

point of view on the issue, so only choice

B is in keeping with the passage's purpose,

which is to explain the disagreements

between the earliest political parties in the

US. All other answer choices would need

to reflect the author's preference for a

particular position in order to be valid

options.

8. C: While the article does describe some

treatments, as in option A, it points out

that these are seldom necessary. And

although it does enumerate symptoms, as

with B, this is only a portion of the overall

purpose of the article, which is broader

than a listing of symptoms. The passage

also does not delve into a lengthy

comparison of perimenopause and

menopause, eliminating option D. Thisarticle clearly encompasses a general

description of the condition, making C the

correct choice.

9. B: The passage neither criticizes (A) nor

entertains (C), so these two options may be

quickly removed from the list of viable

choices. It does provide information, as in

option D; however, the writer goes beyond

straightforward presentation of facts into

analysis of the details and underlyingmeaning. It explores the "why." This piece

was written to analyze the works by

Chang-Rae Lee and the themes presented

in his most famous novels. Answer choice

B most clearly expresses this purpose.

10. A: The author of this passage uses the

first line of the novel to provide an

example of one of the themes of the novel.

By showing a direct example, the writer is

illustrating the theme-option A-and goes

on to discuss that very point in the

passage. Although the piece does express

certain parallels between Lee's experience

as a Korean-American and the character's,

it's nowhere suggested that the novel is

semi-autobiographical, rendering B

incorrect. The main idea of the novel (C)and any suggestion that the reader of the

passage should also read the novel (D) are

nowhere stated, so these two answer

choices are also incorrect.

1. Questions 1-7.In the sixteenth century, an age of greatmarine and terrestrial exploration, FerdinandMagellan led the first expedition to sailaround the world. As a young Portuguesenoble, he served the king of Portugal, but hebecame involved in the quagmire of political

intrigue at court and lost the king's favor.After he was dismissed from service to theking of Portugal, he offered to serve thefuture Emperor Charles V of Spain.A papal decree of 1493 had assigned all landin the New World west of 50 degrees Wlongitude to Spain and all the land east ofthat line to Portugal. Magellan offered toprove that the East Indies fell under Spanishauthority. On September 20, 1519, Magellanset sail from Spain with five ships. More thana year later, one of these ships was exploringthe topography of South America in search of

a water route across the continent. This shipsank, but the remaining four ships searchedalong the southern peninsula of SouthAmerica. Finally they found the passage theysought near a latitude of 50 degrees S.Magellan named this passage the Strait of AllSaints, but today we know it as the Strait ofMagellan.One ship deserted while in this passage andreturned to Spain, so fewer sailors wereprivileged to gaze at that first panorama ofthe Pacific Ocean. Those who remainedcrossed the meridian we now call theInternational Date Line in the early spring of1521 after ninety-eight days on the Pacific



45

Ocean. During those long days at sea, manyof Magellan's men died of starvation anddisease.Later Magellan became involved in an insularconflict in the Philippines and was killed in atribal battle. Only one ship and seventeen

sailors under the command of the Basquenavigator Elcano survived to complete thewestward journey to Spain and thus proveonce and for all that the world is round, withno precipice at the edge.The sixteenth century was an age of great

___exploration.A. cosmicB. landC. mentalD. common manE. none of the above

2. Magellan lost the favor of the king ofPortugal when he became involved in apolitical ___.A. entanglementB. discussionC. negotiationD. problemsE. none of the above

3. The Pope divided New World landsbetween Spain and Portugal according totheir location on one side or the other of an

imaginary geographical line 50 degrees westof Greenwich that extends in a ___ direction.A. north and southB. crosswiseC. easterlyD. south eastE. north and west

4. One of Magellan's ships explored the ___ ofSouth America for a passage across thecontinent.A. coastline

B. mountain rangeC. physical featuresD. islandsE. none of the above

5. Four of the ships sought a passage along asouthern ___.A. coastB. inlandC. body of land with water on three sidesD. borderE. answer not available

6. The passage was found near 50 degrees Sof ___.A. GreenwichB. The equatorC. SpainD. Portugal

E. Madrid

7. In the spring of 1521, the ships crossed the ___ now called the International Date Line.A. imaginary circle passing through the polesB. Imaginary line parallel to the equatorC. areaD. land massE. answer not found in article

8. Questions 8-14Marie Curie was one of the most

accomplished scientists in history. Togetherwith her husband, Pierre, she discoveredradium, an element widely used for treatingcancer, and studied uranium and otherradioactive substances. Pierre and Marie'samicable collaboration later helped to unlockthe secrets of the atom.Marie was born in 1867 in Warsaw, Poland,where her father was a professor of physics.At the early age, she displayed a brilliantmind and a blithe personality. Her greatexuberance for learning prompted her tocontinue with her studies after high school.

She became disgruntled, however, when shelearned that the university in Warsaw wasclosed to women. Determined to receive ahigher education, she defiantly left Polandand in 1891 entered the Sorbonne, a Frenchuniversity, where she earned her master'sdegree and doctorate in physics.Marie was fortunate to have studied at theSorbonne with some of the greatest scientistsof her day, one of whom was Pierre Curie.Marie and Pierre were married in 1895 andspent many productive years workingtogether in the physics laboratory. A shorttime after they discovered radium, Pierre waskilled by a horse-drawn wagon in 1906. Mariewas stunned by this horrible misfortune andendured heartbreaking anguish. Despondentlyshe recalled their close relationship and thejoy that they had shared in scientificresearch. The fact that she had two youngdaughters to raise by herself greatlyincreased her distress.Curie's feeling of desolation finally began tofade when she was asked to succeed herhusband as a physics professor at the

Sorbonne. She was the first woman to begiven a professorship at the world-famousuniversity. In 1911 she received the Nobel



46

Prize in chemistry for isolating radium.Although Marie Curie eventually suffered afatal illness from her long exposure toradium, she never became disillusioned abouther work. Regardless of the consequences,she had dedicated herself to science and to

revealing the mysteries of the physicalworld.The Curies' ____ collaboration helped tounlock the secrets of the atom.A. friendlyB. competitiveC. courteousD. industriousE. chemistry

9. Marie had a bright mind and a __personality.

A. strongB. lightheartedC. humorousD. strangeE. envious

10. When she learned that she could notattend the university in Warsaw, she felt___.A. hopelessB. annoyedC. depressedD. worriedE. none of the above

11. Marie ___ by leaving Poland and travelingto France to enter the Sorbonne.A. challenged authorityB. showed intelligenceC. behavedD. was distressedE. answer not available in article

12. _____she remembered their joytogether.

A. DejectedlyB. WorriedC. TearfullyD. HappilyE. Sorrowfully13. Her ____ began to fade when shereturned to the Sorbonne to succeed herhusband.A. misfortuneB. angerC. wretchednessD. disappointmentE. ambition

14. Even though she became fatally ill fromworking with radium, Marie Curie was never

____.A. troubledB. worriedC. disappointed

D. sorrowfulE. disturbed

15. Questions 15-19.Mount Vesuvius, a volcano located betweenthe ancient Italian cities of Pompeii andHerculaneum, has received much attentionbecause of its frequent and destructiveeruptions. The most famous of theseeruptions occurred in A. D. 79.The volcano had been inactive for centuries.There was little warning of the coming

eruption, although one account unearthed byarchaeologists says that a hard rain and astrong wind had disturbed the celestial calmduring the preceding night. Early the nextmorning, the volcano poured a huge river ofmolten rock down upon Herculaneum,completely burying the city and filling in theharbor with coagulated lava.Meanwhile, on the other side of themountain, cinders, stone and ash rained downon Pompeii. Sparks from the burning ashignited the combustible rooftops quickly.Large portions of the city were destroyed in

the conflagration. Fire, however, was not theonly cause of destruction. Poisonous sulphuricgases saturated the air. These heavy gaseswere not buoyant in the atmosphere andtherefore sank toward the earth andsuffocated people.Over the years, excavations of Pompeii andHerculaneum have revealed a great dealabout the behavior of the volcano. Byanalyzing data, much as a zoologist dissects aspecimen animal, scientist have concludedthat the eruption changed large portions ofthe area's geography. For instance, it turned

the Sarno River from its course and raised thelevel of the beach along the Bay of Naples.Meteorologists studying these events havealso concluded that Vesuvius caused a hugetidal wave that affected the world's climate.In addition to making these investigations,archaeologists have been able to study theskeletons of victims by using distilled waterto wash away the volcanic ash. Bystrengthening the brittle bones with acrylicpaint, scientists have been able to examinethe skeletons and draw conclusions about thediet and habits of the residents. Finally, the

excavations at both Pompeii andHerculaneum have yielded many examples of



47

classical art, such as jewelry made of bronze,which is an alloy of copper and tin.The eruption of Mount Vesuvius and its tragicconsequences have provided us with a wealthof data about the effects that volcanoes canhave on the surrounding area. Today

volcanologists can locate and predicteruptions, saving lives and preventing thedestruction of cities and cultures.Herculaneum and its harbor were buriedunder ___lava.A. liquidB. solidC. flowingD. gasE. answer not available

16. The poisonous gases were not ___ in the

air.A. able to floatB. visibleC. able to evaporateD. invisibleE. able to condense

17. Scientists analyzed data about Vesuvius inthe same way that a zoologist ___ aspecimen.A. describes in detailB. studies by cutting apartC. photographs

D. chartE. answer not available

18. ____have concluded that the volcaniceruption caused a tidal wave.A. Scientist who study oceansB. Scientist who study atmosphericconditionsC. Scientist who study ashD. Scientist who study animal behaviorE. Answer not available in article

19. Scientist have used ___water to washaway volcanic ash from the skeletons ofvictims.A. bottledB. volcanicC. purifiedD. seaE. fountain

20. Questions 20-24.Conflict had existed between Spain andEngland since the 1570s. England wanted a

share of the wealth that Spain had beentaking from the lands it had claimed in the

Americas.Elizabeth I, Queen of England, encouragedher staunch admiral of the navy, Sir FrancisDrake, to raid Spanish ships and towns.Though these raids were on a small scale,Drake achieved dramatic success, adding gold

and silver to England's treasury anddiminishing Spain's omnipotence.Religious differences also caused conflictbetween the two countries. Whereas Spainwas Roman Catholic, most of England hadbecome Protestant. King Philip II of Spainwanted to claim the throne and make Englanda Catholic country again. To satisfy hisambition and also to retaliate againstEngland's theft of his gold and silver, KingPhilip began to build his fleet of warships, theArmada, in January 1586.Philip intended his fleet to be indestructible.

In addition to building new warships, hemarshaled one hundred and thirty sailingvessels of all types and recruited more thannineteen thousand robust soldiers and eightthousand sailors. Although some of his shipslacked guns and others lacked ammunition,Philip was convinced that his Armada couldwithstand any battle with England.The martial Armada set sail from Lisbon,Portugal, on May 9,1588, but bad weatherforced it back to port. The voyage resumedon July 22 after the weather became morestable.

The Spanish fleet met the smaller, faster,and more maneuverable English ships inbattle off the coast of Plymouth, England,first on July 31 and again on August 2. Thetwo battles left Spain vulnerable, having lostseveral ships and with its ammunitiondepleted. On August 7, while the Armada layat anchor on the French side of the Strait ofDover, England sent eight burning ships intothe midst of the Spanish fleet to set it onfire. Blocked on one side, the Spanish shipscould only drift away, their crews in panicand disorder. Before the Armada couldregroup, the English attacked again on August8.Although the Spaniards made a valiant effortto fight back, the fleet suffered extensivedamage. During the eight hours of battle, theArmada drifted perilously close to the rockycoastline. At the moment when it seemedthat the Spanish ships would be driven ontothe English shore, the wind shifted, and theArmada drifted out into the North Sea. TheSpaniards recognized the superiority of theEnglish fleet and returned home, defeated.

Sir Francis Drake added wealth to thetreasury and diminished Spain's ____.A. unlimited power



48

B. unrestricted growthC. territoryD. treatiesE. answer not available in article

21. Philip recruited many ___soldiers andsailors.A. warlikeB. strongC. accomplishedD. timidE. non experienced

22. The ____ Armada set sail on May 9, 1588.A. completeB. warlikeC. independentD. isolated

E. answer not available

23. The two battles left the Spanish fleet ____.A. open to changeB. triumphantC. open to attackD. defeatedE. discouraged

24. The Armada was ___ on one side.A. closed offB. damagedC. aloneD. circledE. answer not available in this article

25. Questions 25-29.The victory of the small Greek democracy ofAthens over the mighty Persian empire in 490B. C. is one of the most famous events inhistory. Darius, king of the Persian empire,was furious because Athens had intercededfor the other Greek city-states in revolt

against Persian domination. In anger the kingsent an enormous army to defeat Athens. Hethought it would take drastic steps to pacifythe rebellious part of the empire. Persia wasruled by one man.In Athens, however, all citizens helped torule. Ennobled by this participation,Athenians were prepared to die for their city-state. Perhaps this was the secret of theremarkable victory at Marathon, which freedthem from Persian rule. On their way toMarathon, the Persians tried to fool someGreek city-states by claiming to have come in

peace. The frightened citizens of Delosrefused to believe this. Not wanting to abet

the conquest of Greece, they fled from theircity and did not return until the Persians hadleft. They were wise, for the Persians nextconquered the city of Etria and captured itspeople.Tiny Athens stood alone against Persia. The

Athenian people went to their sanctuaries.There they prayed for deliverance. Theyasked their gods to expedite their victory.The Athenians refurbished their weapons andmoved to the plain of Marathon, where theirlittle band would meet the Persians. At thelast moment, soldiers from Plataea reinforcedthe Athenian troops.The Athenian army attacked, and Greekcitizens fought bravely. The power of themighty Persians was offset by the love thatthe Athenians had for their city. Atheniansdefeated the Persians in archery and hand

combat. Greek soldiers seized Persian shipsand burned them, and the Persians fled interror. Herodotus, a famous historian, reportsthat 6400 Persians died, compared with only192 Athenians.Athens had ____the other Greek city-statesagainst the Persians.A. refused help toB. intervened on behalf ofC. wanted to fightD. given orders for all to fightE. defeated

26. Darius took drastic steps to ___ therebellious Athenians.A. weakenB. destroyC. calmD. placateE. answer not available

27. Their participation___to the Athenians.A. gave comfortB. gave honorC. gave strengthD. gave fearE. gave hope

28. The people of Delos did not want to ___the conquest of Greece.A. endB. encourageC. think aboutD. daydream aboutE. answer not available

29. The Athenians were ___by some soldierswho arrived from Plataea.A. welcomed



50

brothers, who had taken her to Berlin and lefther there, penniless and without a vocation.Unable to invoke the aid of her mother'sfamily in Germany, she had tried to drownherself.During the next few years, scores of the

Czar's relatives, ex-servants, andacquaintances interviewed her. Many of thesepeople said that her looks and mannerismswere evocative of the Anastasia that they hadknown. Her grandmother and other relativesdenied that she was the real Anastasia,however.Tried of being accused of fraud, Anastasiaimmigrated to the United States in 1928 andtook the name Anna Anderson. She stillwished to prove that she was Anastasia,though, and returned to Germany in 1933 tobring suit against her mother's family. There

she declaimed to the court, asserting that shewas indeed Anastasia and deserved herinheritance.In 1957, the court decided that it couldneither confirm nor deny Anastasia's identity.Although we will probably never knowwhether this woman was the Grand DuchessAnastasia, her search to establish her identityhas been the subject of numerous books,plays, and movies.Some Russian peasants and workers___forsocial reform.A. longed

B. cried outC. beggedD. hopedE. thought much

34. Witnesses ___ that all members of theCzar's family had been executed.A. gave assuranceB. thoughtC. hopedD. convinced someE. answer not stated

35. Tschaikovsky ____any connection with theCzar's family.A. deniedB. stoppedC. notedD. justifiedE. answer not stated

36. She was unable to ___the aid of herrelative.A. locate

B. speak aboutC. call upon

D. identifyE. know

37. In court she ___ maintaining that she wasAnastasia and deserved her inheritance.A. finally appearedB. spoke forcefullyC. testifiedD. gave evidenceE. answer not stated

38. Questions 38-39.King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinetteruled France from 1774 to 1789, a time whenthe country was fighting bankruptcy. Theroyal couple did not let France's insecurefinancial situation limit their immoderatespending, however. Even though the minister

of finance repeatedly warned the king andqueen against wasting money, they continuedto spend great fortunes on their personalpleasure. This lavish spending greatly enragedthe people of France. They felt that the royalcouple bought its luxurious lifestyle at thepoor people's expense.Marie Antoinette, the beautiful butexceedingly impractical queen, seemeduncaring about her subjects; misery. WhileFrench citizens begged for lower taxes, thequeen embellished her palace withextravagant works of art. She also surrounded

herself with artists, writers, and musicians,who encouraged the queen to spend moneyeven more profusely.While the queen's favorites gluttedthemselves on huge feasts at the royal table,many people in France were starving. TheFrench government taxed the citizensoutrageously. These high taxes paid for theentertainments the queen and her court soenjoyed. When the minister of finance triedto stop these royal spendthrifts, the queenreplaced him. The intense hatred that thepeople felt for Louis XVI and Marie Antoinettekept building until it led to the FrenchRevolution. During this time of struggle andviolence (1789-1799), thousands ofaristocrats, as well as the king and queenthemselves, lost their lives at the guillotine.Perhaps if Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette hadreined in their extravagant spending, theevents that rocked France would not haveoccurred.The people surrounding the queenencouraged her to spend money ____.A. wisely

B. abundantlyC. carefullyD. foolishly



51

E. joyfully

39. The minister of finance tried to curbthese royal ___.A. aristocratsB. money wastersC. enemiesD. individualsE. spenders

40. Questions 40-45.Many great inventions are greeted withridicule and disbelief. The invention of theairplane was no exception. Although manypeople who heard about the first poweredflight on December 17,1903, were excitedand impressed, others reacted with peals oflaughter. The idea of flying an aircraft was

repulsive to some people. Such people calledWilbur and Orville Wright, the inventors ofthe first flying machine, impulsive fools.Negative reactions, however, did not stop theWrights. Impelled by their desire to succeed,they continued their experiments in aviation.Orville and Wilbur Wright had always had acompelling interest in aeronautics andmechanics. As young boys they earned moneyby making and selling kites and mechanicaltoys. Later, they designed a newspaper-folding machine, built a printing press, andoperated a bicycle-repair shop. In 1896, when

they read about the death of Otto Lilienthal,the brother's interest in flight grew into acompulsion.Lilienthal, a pioneer in hang-gliding, hadcontrolled his gliders by shifting his body inthe desired direction. This idea was repellentto the Wright brothers, however, and theysearched for more efficient methods tocontrol the balance of airborne vehicles. In1900 and 1901, the Wrights tested numerousgliders and developed control techniques.The brothers' inability to obtain enough liftpower for the gliders almost led them toabandon their efforts.After further study, the Wright brothersconcluded that the published tables of airpressure on curved surfaces must be wrong.They set up a wind tunnel and began a seriesof experiments with model wings. Because oftheir efforts, the old tables were repealed intime and replaced by the first reliable figuresfor air pressure on curved surfaces. Thiswork, in turn, made it possible for them todesign a machine that would fly. In 1903 theWrights built their first airplane, which cost

less than one thousand dollars. They evendesigned and built their own source ofpropulsion- a lightweight gasoline engine.

When they started the engine on December17, the airplane pulsated wildly before takingoff. The plane managed to stay aloft fortwelve seconds, however, and it flew onehundred twenty feet.By 1905 the Wrights had perfected the first

airplane that could turn, circle, and remainairborne for half an hour at a time. Othershad flown in balloons or in hang gliders, butthe Wright brothers were the first to build afull-size machine that could fly under its ownpower. As the contributors of one of the mostoutstanding engineering achievements inhistory, the Wright brothers are accuratelycalled the fathers of aviation.The idea of flying an aircraft was ___to somepeople.A. boringB. distasteful

C. excitingD. needlessE. answer not available

41. People thought that the Wright brothershad ____.A. acted without thinkingB. been negatively influencedC. been too cautiousD. had not given enough thoughtE. acted in a negative way

42. The Wright's interest in flight grew into a ____.A. financial empireB. planC. need to actD. foolish thoughtE. answer not in article

43. Lilenthal's idea about controlling airbornevehicles was ___the Wrights.A. proven wrong byB. opposite to the ideas of

C. disliked byD. accepted byE. opposed by

44. The old tables were __ and replaced bythe first reliable figures for air pressure oncurved surfaces.A. destroyedB. canceledC. multipliedD. discardedE. not used



52

45. The Wrights designed and built their ownsource of ____.A. force for moving forwardB. force for turning aroundC. turningD. force to going backward

E. none of the above

Answer Key1. B2. A3. A4. C5. C6. B7. A8. A9. B

10. B11. A12. A13. C14. C15. B16. A17. B18. B19. C20. A21. B22. B

23. C24. A25. B26. C27. B28. B29. B30. B31. A32. A33. B34. A35. A

36. C37. B38. B39. B40. B41. A42. C43. C44. B45. A



53

1. Americans have always been interested intheir Presidents' wives. Many First Ladieshave been remembered because of the waysthey have influenced their husbands. OtherFirst Ladies have made the history books ontheir own.

At least two First Ladies, Bess Truman andLady Bird Johnson, made it their business tosend signals during their husbands' speeches.When Lady Bird Johnson thought her husbandwas talking too long, she wrote a note andsent it up to the platform. It read, “It's timeto stop!” And he did. Once Bess Truman didn'tlike what her husband was saying ontelevision, so she phoned him and said,” Ifyou can't talk more politely than that inpublic, you come right home.” Abigail Fillmore and Eliza Johnson actuallytaught their husbands, Millard Fillmore and

Andrew Johnson, the thirteenth andseventeenth Presidents. A schoolteacher,Abigail eventually married her pupil, Millard.When Eliza Johnson married Andrew, he couldnot read or write, so she taught him herself.It was First Lady Helen Taft's idea to plantthe famous cherry trees in Washington, D. C.Each spring these blossoming trees attractthousands of visitors to the nation's capital.Mrs. Taft also influenced the male membersof her family and the White House staff in astrange way: she convinced them to shave offtheir beards!

Shortly after President Wilson suffered astroke, Edith Wilson unofficially took overmost of the duties of the Presidency until theend of her husband's term. Earlier, duringWorld War I, Mrs. Wilson had had sheepbrought onto the White House lawn to eat thegrass. The sheep not only kept the lawnmowed but provided wool for an auctionsponsored by the First Lady. Almost $100,000was raised for the Red Cross.Dolly Madison saw to it that a magnificentpainting of George Washington was notdestroyed during the War of 1812. As theBritish marched toward Washington, D. C.,she remained behind to rescue the painting,even after the guards had left. The painting isthe only object from the original White Housethat was not burned.One of the most famous First Ladies wasEleanor Roosevelt, the wife of PresidentFranklin D. Roosevelt. She was active inpolitical and social causes throughout herhusband's tenure in office. After his death,she became famous for her humanitarianwork in the United Nations. She made life

better for thousands of needy people aroundthe world.What is the main idea of this passage?

A. The Humanitarian work of the First Ladiesis critical in American government.B. Dolly Madison was the most influentialpresident's wife.C. Eleanor Roosevelt transformed the FirstLady image.

D. The First Ladies are important in Americanculture.E. The First Ladies are key supporters of thePresidents.

2. Of the many kinds of vegetables grown allover the world, which remains the favorite ofyoung and old alike? Why, the potato, ofcourse.Perhaps you know them as “taters,” “spuds,”or “Kennebees,” or as “chips,” “Idahoes,” oreven “shoestrings.” No matter, a potato by

any other name is still a potato- the world'smost widely grown vegetable. As a matter offact, if you are an average potato eater, youwill put away at least a hundred pounds ofthem each year.That's only a tiny portion of the amountgrown every year, however. Worldwide, theannual potato harvest is over six billion bags-each bag containing a hundred pounds ofspuds, some of them as large as four poundseach. Here in the United States, farmers fillabout four hundred million bags a year. Thatmay seem like a lot of “taters,” but it leaves

us a distant third among world potatogrowers. Polish farmers dig up just over 800million bags a year, while the Russians leadthe world with nearly 1.5 billion bags.The first potatoes were grown by the Incas ofSouth America, more than four hundred yearsago. Their descendants in Ecuador and Chilecontinue to grow the vegetable as high asfourteen thousand feet up in the AndesMountains. ( That's higher than any other foodwill grow.) Early Spanish and Englishexplorers shipped potatoes to Europe, andthey found their way to North America in the

early 1600s.People eat potatoes in many ways-baked,mashed, and roasted, to name just three.However, in the United States most potatoesare devoured in the form of French fries. Onefast-food chain alone sells more than $1billion worth of fries each year. No wonder,then, that the company pays particularattention to the way its fries are prepared.Before any fry makes it to the people who eatat these popular restaurants, it must passmany separate tests. Fail any one and thespud is rejected. To start with, only russet

Burbank potatoes are used. These Idahopotatoes have less water content than other



54

kinds, which can have as much as eightypercent water. Once cut into “shoestrings”shapes, the potatoes are partly fried in asecret blend of oils, sprayed with liquid sugarto brown them, steam dried at high heat,then flash frozen for shipment to individual

restaurants.Before shipping, though, every shoestring ismeasured. Forty percent of a batch must bebetween two and three inches long. Anotherforty percent has to be over three inches.What about the twenty percent that are leftin the batch? Well, a few short fries in a bagare okay, it seems.So, now that you realize the enormous sizeand value of the potato crop, you canunderstand why most people agree that thispart of the food industry is no “smallpotatoes.”

What is the main idea of this passage?A. Potatoes from Ireland started the PotatoRevolution.B. The average American eats 50 lbs ofpotatoes a year.C. French fries are made from potatoes.D. Potatoes are a key vegetable in America.E. The various terms for potatoes have a longhistory.

3. What does the word patent mean to you?Does it strike you as being something rather

remote from your interests? If it does, stopand think a moment about some of thecommonplace things that you use every day,objects that you take for granted as part ofthe world around you. The telephone, radio,television, the automobile, and the thousandand one other things (even the humble safetypin) that enrich our lives today once existedonly as ideas in the minds of men. If it hadnot been possible to patent their ideas andthus protect them against copying by others,these inventions might never have been fullydeveloped to serve mankind.

If there were no patent protection therewould be little incentive to invent andinnovate, for once the details of an inventionbecame known, hordes of imitators who didnot share the inventor's risks and expensesmight well flood the market with their copiesof his product and reap much of the benefitof his efforts. The technological progress thathas made America great would wither rapidlyunder conditions such as these.The fundamental principles in the U. S.patent structure came from England. Duringthe glorious reign of Queen Elizabeth I in

England, the expanding technology wasfurthered by the granting of exclusive

manufacturing and selling privileges tocitizens who had invented new processes ortools- a step that did much to encouragecreativity. Later, when critics argued thatgiving monopoly rights to one personinfringed on the rights of others, an

important principle was added to the patentstructure: The Lord Chief Justice of Englandstated that society had everything to gain andnothing to lose by granting exclusiveprivileges to an inventor, because a patentfor an invention was granted for somethingnew that society never had before.Another basic principle was brought into lawbecause certain influential people in Englandhad managed to obtain monopoly control oversuch age-old products as salt, and had beguncharging as much as the traffic would bear.The public outcry became so great that the

government was forced to decree thatmonopoly rights could be awarded only tothose who created or introduced somethingreally unique. These principles are themainstays of our modern patent system in theUnited States.In colonial times patent law was left up tothe separate states. The inconsistency,confusion, and unfairness that resultedclearly indicated the need for a uniformpatent law, and the men who drew up theConstitution incorporated one. GeorgeWashington signed the first patent law on

April 10,1790, and less than four months laterthe first patent was issued to a man namedSamuel Hopkins for a chemical process, animproved method of making potash for use insoapmaking.In 1936 the Patent Office was established as aseparate bureau. From the staff of eight thatit maintained during its first year of operationit has grown into an organization of over 2500people handling more than 1600 patentapplications and granting over 1000 everyweek.The Patent Office in Washington, D. C., is theworld's largest library of scientific andtechnical data, and this treasure trove ofinformation is open for public inspection. Inaddition to more than 3 million U. S. patents,it houses more than 7 million foreign patentsand thousands of volumes of technicalliterature. Abraham Lincoln patented adevice to lift steam vessels over river shoals,Mark Twain developed a self-pastingscrapbook, and millionaire CorneliusVanderbilt invented a shoe-shine kit.A patent may be granted for any new and

useful process, machine, article ofmanufacture, or composition of matter ( achemical compound or combinations of



55

chemical compounds), or any distinct andnew variety; of plant, including certainmutants and hybrids.The patent system has also helped to boostthe wages of the American worker to anunprecedented level; he can produce more

and earn more with the computer, addingmachines, drill press or lathe. Patentedinventions also help keep prices down byincreasing manufacturing efficiency and bystimulating the competition that is thefoundation of our free enterprise system.The decades of history have disclosed littleneed for modification of the patent structure.Our patent laws, like the Constitution fromwhich they grew, have stood the test of timewell. They encouraged the creativeprocesses, brought untold benefits to societyas a whole, and enabled American technology

to outstrip that of the rest of the civilizedworld.What is the main idea of this passage?A. The patent system encourages freeenterprise.B. The Constitution protects the patentsystem.C. The patent system in England has beeninfluential in American patent development.D. Patents are important tools for inventors.E. Patented inventions protect the inventor,free enterprise, and the creative process.

4. Most people think it's fine to be “busy as abeaver.” Little do they know. Beavers maywork hard, but often they don't get muchdone.Beavers are supposed to be great treecutters. It is true that a beaver can gnawthrough a tree very quickly. (A six-inch birchtakes about ten minutes.) But then what?Often the beaver does not make use of thetree. One expert says that beavers waste oneout of every five trees they cut.For one thing, they do not choose their trees

wisely. One bunch of beavers cut down acottonwood tree more than one hundred feettall. Then they found that they could notmove it.In thick woods a tree sometimes won't falldown. It gets stuck in the other trees. Ofcourse, doesn't think to cut down the treesthat are in the way. So a good tree goes towaste.Some people think that beavers can make atree fall the way they want it to. Not true.(In fact, a beaver sometimes gets pinnedunder a falling tree.) When beavers cut a tree

near a stream, it usually falls into the water.But they do not plan it that way. The fact is

that most trees lean toward the water tostart with.Now what about dam building? Most beaverdams are wonders of engineering. The bestones are strongly built of trees, stones, andmud. They are wide at the bottom and

narrow at the top.Beavers think nothing of building a dam morethan two hundred feet long. One dam, inMontana, was more than two thousand feetlong. The largest one ever seen was in NewHampshire. It stretched four thousand feet. Itmade a lake large enough to hold fortybeaver homes.So beavers do build good dams. But they don'talways build them in the right places. Theyjust don't plan. They will build a dam acrossthe widest part of the stream. They don't tryto find a place where the stream is narrow.

So a lot of their hard work is wasted.Beavers should learn that it's not enough tobe busy. You have to know what you're doing,too. For example, there was one Oregonbeaver that really was a worker. It decided tofix a leak in a man-made dam. After five daysof work it gave up. The leak it was trying toblock was the lock that boats go through.What is the main idea of this passage?A. Beavers may be hard working animals, butthey don't always choose the most efficientmechanisms.B. Beavers are excellent dam builders.

C. New Hampshire was the site of the largestbeaver dam.D. Beavers are well developed tree cutters.E. Beavers are poor surveyors of aquaticenvironments in some cases.

5. The raisin business in America was born byaccident. It happened in 1873 in the SanJoaquin Valley of California. Many farmersraised grapes in this valley. That year, justbefore the grape harvest, there was a heatwave. It was one of the worst heat waves

ever known. It was so hot the grapes dried onthe vines. When they were picked, Californiahad its first raisin crop.People were surprised to find how goodraisins were. Everybody wanted more. So theSan Joaquin farmers went into the raisinbusiness. Today, of course, they do not letthe grapes dry on the vines. They treat themwith much more care.In late August the grapes start to ripen. Theyare tested often for sweetness. The growerswait until the sugar content is twenty-onepercent. Then they know the grapes are ripe

enough to be picked.Skilled workers come to the vineyards. They



56

pick the bunches of grapes by hand. Theworkers fill their flat pans with grapes. Theygently empty the pans onto squares of paper.These squares lie between the long rows ofvines. They sit in the sun.Here the grapes stay while the sun does its

work. It may take two weeks or longer. Thegrapes are first dried on one side. When theyhave reached the right color, they are turnedto dry on the other side. The grapes are drieduntil only fifteen percent of the moisture isleft. Then they have turned into raisins.The raisins are rolled up in the paper onwhich they have dried. Trucks take themfrom the fields. They are poured into bigboxes called sweatboxes. Each box holds onehundred and sixty pounds of raisins. Here,any raisins that are a bit too dry takemoisture from those that have a bit too

much. After a while they are all just moistenough.The big boxes are trucked next to thepackaging plant. They are emptied onto aconveyor belt that shakes the raisins gently.This knocks them from their stems. A blast ofair whisks the stems away. The water bath isnext. Then the plump brown raisins have alast inspection. They are again checked formoisture and sugar. Then they go on a belt topacking machines. Here they are poured intopackages, which are automatically weighedand sealed. The raisins are now ready for

market.What is the main idea of this passage?A. The creation of raisins in America was anaccident.B. The process of raisin development requiresmultiple steps.C. Raisins on the grocery store shelf undergoa brief fermentation process.D. Raisins are cleaned thoroughly at thepacking plant.E. California has been the leader in Americanraisin development.

6. In 1976, Sichan Siv was crawling throughthe jungle, trying to escape from Cambodia.By 1989, however, Siv was working in theWhite House, in Washington D. C., as anadvisor to the President of the United States.How did this strange journey come about?Like millions of Cambodians, Siv was a victimof a bloody civil war. One of the sides in thiswar was the Cambodian government. Theother was a group called the Khmer Rouge.When the Khmer Rouge won the war, thesituation in Cambodia got worse. Many people

were killed, while others were forced intohard labor. Sometimes entire families were

wiped out.Siv came from a large family that lived in thecapital of Cambodia. After finishing highschool, Siv worked for a while with aCambodian airline company. Later, he taughtEnglish. After that, he took a job with CARE,

an American group that was helping victimsof the war.Siv had hope to leave Cambodia before theKhmer Rouge took over the country.Unfortunately, he was delayed. As a result,he and his family were taken from theirhomes and forced to labor in rice fields. Aftera while, Siv managed to escape. He rode anold bicycle for miles, trying to reach Thailandwhere he would be free and safe. For threeweeks he slept on the ground and tried tohide from the soldiers who were looking forhim. Caught at last, he was afraid he would

be killed. Instead, he was put into a laborcamp, where he worked eighteen hours eachday without rest. After several months, heescaped again; this time he made it. Thejourney, however, was a terrifying one. Afterthree days of staggering on foot through mileafter mile of thick bamboo, Siv finally madehis way to Thailand.Because he had worked for an Americancharity group, Siv quickly found work in arefugee camp. Soon he was on his way to thestates. He arrived in June of 1976 and got ajob-first picking apples and then cooking in a

fast-food restaurant. Siv, however, wantedmore than this; he wanted to work withpeople who, like himself, had suffered thehardship of leaving their own countriesbehind. Siv decided that the best way toprepare for this kind of work was to go tocollege. He wrote letters to many collegesand universities. They were impressed withhis school records from Cambodia, and theywere impressed with his bravery. Finally, in1980, he was able to study at ColumbiaUniversity in New York City. After finishing hisstudies at Columbia, Siv took a job with theUnited Nations. He married an Americanwoman and became a citizen. After severalmore years, he felt that he was very much apart of his new country.In 1988, Siv was offered a job in the WhiteHouse working for President Reagan's closestadvisors. It was a difficult job, and he oftenhad to work long hours. However the longhard work was worth it, because Siv got theopportunity to help refugees in his work.What is the main idea of this passage?A. Persistence and courage are global ideas.

B. Siv covered a large area during his life.C. Siv persevered to become an Americancitizen



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D. Siv overcame numerous challenges to cometo American and help others.E. Siv persevered to become an Americancitizen.

7. When you want to hang the American flagover the middle of a street, suspend itvertically with

the blue field, called the union, to the northand east-west street. When the flag isdisplayed with another banner from crossedstaffs, the American flag is on the right.Place the staff of the American flag in frontof the other staff. Raise the flag quickly andlower it slowly and respectfully. When flyingthe flag at half-mast, hoist it to the top ofthe pole for a moment before lowering it tomid-pole. When flying the American flag with

banners from states or cities, raise thenation's banner first and lower it last. Neverallow the flag to touch the ground.What is the main idea of this passage?A. The American flag is the symbol ofAmerican freedom.B. The American flag has fifty stars.C. Placing the American flag inappropriatelywill draw government intervention.D. American flag should be flown differentlyin certain situations.","The flag should be lowered quickly andrespectfully.

8. What if someone told you about a kind ofgrass that grows as tall as the tallest trees? Agrass that can be made as strong as steel? Agrass from which houses, furniture, boats,and hundreds of other useful things can bemade? A grass that you would even enjoyeating? Would you believe that person? Youshould, for that grass is bamboo, the “wood”of 1,001 uses.Bamboo may look like wood, but it is part ofthe family of plants that includes wheat,

oats, and barley. It is a kind of grass. Thisgrass is not just a material for making usefulproducts. Young bamboo is eaten, oftenmixed with other vegetables, in many Asianfoods.Bamboo grows in many parts of the world. Inthe United States it grows in an area fromVirginia west to Indiana and south to Florida,Louisiana, and Texas. Most bamboo, however,is found in warm, wet climates, especially inAsia and on the islands of the South PacificOcean.In most Asian countries, bamboo is nearly as

important as rice. Many Asians live in bamboohouses. They sit on bamboo chairs and sleep

on bamboo mats. They fence their land withbamboo and use the wood for cages forchickens and pigs.Bamboo is used to build large buildings aswell as homes. When it is glued in layers, itbecomes as strong as steel. On some islands

in the South Pacific, bamboo is even used forwater pipes. This extraordinary material hasmany other uses. It is used to make musicalinstruments, such as flutes and recorders.Paper made from bamboo has been highlyprized by artists for thousands of years.Bamboo is light and strong, and it bendswithout breaking. It is cheap, floats on water,almost never wears out, and is easy to grow.Nothing else on earth grows quite so fast asbamboo. At times you can even see it grow!Botanists have recorded growths of more thanthree feet in just twenty-four hours! Bamboo

is hollow and has a strong root system thatalmost never stops growing and spreading. Infact, only after it flowers, an event that mayhappen only once every thirty years, willbamboo die.There are more than a thousand kinds ofbamboo. The smallest is only three inches talland one-tenth of an inch across. The largestreaches more than two hundred feet in heightand seven inches in diameter. No wonder,then, that the lives of nearly half the peopleon earth would change enormously if therewere no longer any bamboo. No wonder, too,

that to many people bamboo is a symbol ofhappiness and good fortune.What is the main idea of this passage?A. Bamboo has at least 2,000 uses.B. Bamboo grows at an amazing rate and isfound primarily in Asia.C. Bamboo is an amazing grass that can beused in multiple ways.D. There are at least a 1,000 types ofbamboo.E. Bamboo could be considered a flower insome cases.

9. Every year since 1986, some of the world'smost daring runners have gathered in thedesert of Morocco. They are there to takepart in one of the most difficult races in theworld. The Marathon of the Sands, as it iscalled, covers over 125 miles of desert andmountain wilderness. The runners completethe course in fewer than seven days, and theyrun with their food, clothing, and sleepingbags on their backs.The Marathon of the Sands was founded in1986 by Patrick Bauer. His idea was to give

the runners, who come from all over theworld, a special kind of adventure. Most of



58

the runners in this race have found that theyform deep friendships with the other runnersduring their days and nights in the desert.Facing terrible heat and completeexhaustion, they learn much aboutthemselves and each other.

For most of the runners, though, thechallenge of the race is the main reason forcoming. On the first day, for example, theyrun fifteen miles across a desert of sand,rocks, and thorny bushes. Few runners finishthe day without blistered and raw feet. Theyalso suffer from a lack of water. (They areallowed less than nine quarts of water duringeach day of the race.) Most of all, they areexhausted when they arrive at the campsitefor the night.The second day, the runners are up at 6:00 A.M. Within a few hours, it is 100 degrees F,

but the runners do not hesitate. They mustcover eighteen miles that day. That night,they rest. They must be ready for the nextday's run.On the third day, the runners must climbgiant sand dunes- the first they have faced.Dust and sand mix with the runners' sweat.Soon their faces are caked with mud. Afterfifteen miles of these conditions, the runnersfinally reach their next camp.The race continues like this for four moredays. The fourth and fifth days are the worst.On the fourth day, the runners pass through a

level stretch and a beautiful, tree-filledoasis, but then, on this and on the next day,they cross more than twenty-one miles ofrocks and sand dunes. The temperature soarsto 125 degrees F, and many runners cannotmake it. Helicopters rush fallen runners tomedical help. Runners who make it to theend of the fifth day know that the worst isover.On the sixth day, heat and rocks punish theracers terribly. In the Valley of Dra, the windpicks up and, as the desert heat is thrustagainst them with great force, they growmore and more exhausted.The seventh day is the last, with only twelvemiles to be covered. The dusty, tired,blistered runners set out at daybreak. Nearthe finish line, children race along with therunners, for everybody has caught theexcitement. The ones who have run thewhole marathon know they haveaccomplished what most people could noteven dream of. “During the hard moments,”says one contestant who has raced heretwice, “I'd think, „Why am I here?' Then I'd

realize I was there to find my limits.” What is the main idea of this passage?A. The Marathon of the Sands race tests the

limits of human endurance.B. The runners run at their own pace.C. The race causes the strong to stumble andthe weak to not finish.D. The seventh day is the hardest day of therace.

E. Every runner runs the race to find theirhuman limits.

10. High in the Andes Mountains in Perustands the ancient city of Machu Picchu. Noone knows why this great city was built, noris it likely that we will ever know.Nevertheless, the deserted city of MachuPicchu is important for what it reveals aboutthe ancient Inca people of South America.The Incas once ruled a great empire thatcovered a large part of the South American

continent. The empire was more than fivehundred years old when the first Spanishexplorers, looking for gold, went to thatcontinent in the sixteenth century.The Incas were an advanced people. Theywere skillful engineers who paved their roadsand built sturdy bridges. They plowed theland in such a way that rains would not washaway valuable soil. They dug ditches to carrywater into dry areas for farming.Even though they did not know about thewheel, the Incas were able to move hugestone blocks- some as heavy as ten tons- up

the sides of mountains to build walls. Theblocks were fitted so tightly, without cementof any kind, that it would be impossible toslip a knife blade between them! The wallshave stood firm through great storms andearthquakes that have destroyed manymodern buildings.The Incas were great artists, too. Today,Incan dishes and other kinds of pottery areprized for their wonderful designs. Since bothgold and silver were in great supply, the Incascreated splendid objects from these preciousmetals.

While it is true that the Incas had no writtenlanguage, they kept their accounts by using asystem of knotted strings of various lengthsand colors. The sizes of the knots and thedistances between them representednumbers.At its height, the Incan empire included asmany as thirty million people. The emperorruled them with an iron hand. He told hissubjects where to live, what to plant, howlong they should work-even whom they couldmarry. Since he owned everything, theemperor gave what he wished when he

wished- and in the amount he wished -to hispeople.



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In 1533 Spanish explorers led by FranciscoPizarro murdered the emperor of the Incas.Earlier, the heir to the Incan empire had alsobeen killed. The Incas, who had always beenentirely dependent on their emperor, nowhad no recognized leader. The Spaniards

easily conquered the empire and plunderedits riches.Have the Incas disappeared from SouthAmerica? Not at all. In Peru alone, once thecenter of that great empire, eighty percentof the twenty million people are descendantsof the Inca people. Evidence of the Incanempire can be found in many other places inSouth America as well. You can even visitMachu Picchu. The remains of this ancientcity still stand high in the mountains of Peru,an awesome tribute to this once powerfulempire.

What is the main idea of this passage?A. The Incas once inhabited the ancient cityof Machu Picchu.B. Peru was the primary country of the Incas.C. The Incan empire can be found in ancientcities and was plundered by the Spanish.D. Spanish conquerors destroyed the Incanempire in the thirteenth century.E. Machu Picchu was the capital of the Incanempire.

Answer Key

1. D2. D3. E4. A5. B6. D7. D8. C9. A10. C



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1. In 1892 the Sierra Club was formed. In1908 an area of coastal redwood trees northof San Francisco was established as MuirWoods National Monument. In the SierraNevada mountains, a walking trail fromYosemite Valley to Mount Whitney was

dedicated in 1938. It is called John MuirTrail.John Muir was born in 1838 in Scotland. Hisfamily name means “moor,” which is ameadow full of flowers and animals. Johnloved nature from the time he was small. Healso liked to climb rocky cliffs and walls.When John was eleven, his family moved tothe United States and settled in Wisconsin.John was good with tools and soon became aninventor. He first invented a model of asawmill. Later he invented an alarm clockthat would cause the sleeping person to be

tipped out of bed when the timer sounded.Muir left home at an early age. He took athousand-mile walk south to the Gulf ofMexico in 1867and 1868. Then he sailed forSan Francisco. The city was too noisy andcrowded for Muir, so he headed inland for theSierra Nevadas.When Muir discovered the Yosemite Valley inthe Sierra Nevadas, it was as if he had comehome. He loved the mountains, the wildlife,and the trees. He climbed the mountains andeven climbed trees during thunderstorms inorder to get closer to the wind. He put forth

the theory in the late 1860's that theYosemite Valley had been formed through theaction of glaciers. People ridiculed him. Notuntil 1930 was Muir's theory proven correct.Muir began to write articles about theYosemite Valley to tell readers about itsbeauty. His writing also warned people thatYosemite was in danger from timber miningand sheep ranching interests. In 1901Theodore Roosevelt became president of theUnited States. He was interested inconservation. Muir took the president throughYosemite, and Roosevelt helped getlegislation passed to create YosemiteNational Park in 1906.Although Muir won many conservationbattles, he lost a major one. He fought tosave the Hetch Valley, which people wantedto dam in order to provide water for SanFrancisco. In the late 1913 a bill was signedto dam the valley. Muir died in 1914. Somepeople say losing the fight to protect thevalley killed Muir.What happened first?A. The Muir family moved to the United

States.B. Muir Woods was created.C. John Muir learned to climb rocky cliffs.

D. John Muir walked to the Gulf of MexicoE. Muir visited along the east coast.

2. When did Muir invent a unique form ofalarm clock?A. while the family still lived in ScotlandB. after he sailed to San FranciscoC. after he traveled in YosemiteD. while the Muir family lived in WisconsinE. after he took the long walk

3. What did John Muir do soon after hearrived in San Francisco?A. He ran outside during an earthquake.B. He put forth a theory about how Yosemitewas formed.C. He headed inland for the Sierra Nevadas.D. He began to write articles about the Sierra

Nevadas.E. He wrote short stories for the localnewspaper.

4. When did John Muir meet TheodoreRoosevelt?A. between 1901 and 1906B. between 1838 and 1868C. between 1906 and 1914D. between 1868 and 1901E. between 1906-1907

5. What happened last?A. John Muir died.B. John Muir Trail was dedicated.C. Muir's glacial theory was proven.D. The Sierra Club was formed.E. John's family visited him.

6. When using a metal file, always rememberto bear down on the forward stroke only. Onthe return stroke, lift the file clear of thesurface to avoid dulling the instrument'steeth. Only when working on very soft metals

is it advisable to drag the file's teeth slightlyon the return stroke. This helps clear outmetal pieces from between the teeth.It is best to bear down just hard enough tokeep the file cutting at all times. Too littlepressure uses only the tips of the teeth; toomuch pressure can chip the teeth. Move thefile in straight lines across the surface. Use avice to grip the work so that your hands arefree to hold the file. Protect your hands byequipping the file with a handle. Buy awooden handle and install it by inserting thepointed end of the file into the handle hole.

These directions show you how to-A. work with a hammer



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B. use a fileC. polish a fileD. oil a viseE. repair shop tools

7. When using a file-A. always bear down on the return strokeB. move it in a circleC. remove the handleD. press down on the forward strokeE. wear protective gloves

8. When working on soft metals, you can-A. remove the handleB. clear metal pieces from the teethC. bear down very hard on the return strokeD. file in circlesE. strengthen them with added wood

9. Protect your hands by-A. dulling the teethB. dragging the teeth on the backstrokeC. using a viseD. installing a handleE. wearing safety gloves

10. “Old woman,” grumbled the burly whiteman who had just heard Sojourner Truthspeak, “do you think your talk about slaverydoes any good? I don't care any more for yourtalk than I do for the bite of a flea.” The tall, imposing black woman turned herpiercing eyes on him. “Perhaps not,” sheanswered, “but I'll keep you scratching.” The little incident of the 1840s sums up allthat Sojourner Truth was: utterly dedicatedto spreading her message, afraid of no one,forceful and witty in speech.Yet forty years earlier, who could havesuspected that a spindly slave girl growing upin a damp cellar in upstate New York wouldbecome one of the most remarkable women

in American history? Her name then wasIsabella (many slaves had no last names), andby the time she was fourteen she had seenboth parents die of cold and hunger. Sheherself had been sold several times. By 1827,when New York freed its slaves, she hadmarried and borne five children.The first hint of Isabella's fighting spirit camesoon afterwards, when her youngest son wasillegally seized and sold. She marched to thecourthouse and badgered officials until herson was returned to her.In 1843, inspired by religion, she changed her

name to Sojourner(meaning “one who staysbriefly”) Truth, and, with only pennies in herpurse, set out to preach against slavery. From

New England to Minnesota she trekked,gaining a reputation for her plain butpowerful and moving words. Incredibly,despite being black and female (only whitemales were expected to be public speakers),she drew thousands to town halls, tents, and

churches to hear her powerful, deep-voicedpleas on equality for blacks-and for women.Often she had to face threatening hoodlums.Once she stood before armed bullies and sanga hymn to them. Awed by her courage andher commanding presence, they sheepishlyretreated.During the Civil War she cared for homelessex-slaves in Washington. President Lincolninvited her to the White House to bestowpraise on her. Later, she petitioned Congressto help former slaves get land in the West.Even in her old age, she forced the city of

Washington to integrate its trolley cars sothat black and white could ride together.Shortly before her death at eighty-six, shewas asked what kept her going. “I think ofthe great things,” replied Sojourner. The imposing black woman promised to keepthe white man-A. searchingB. cryingC. holleringD. scratchingE. fleeing

11. This incident occurred in the-A. 1760sB. 1900sC. 1840sD. 1920sE. 1700s

12. Sojourner Truth was raised in a dampcellar in-A. New YorkB. GeorgiaC. New JerseyD. IdahoE. Maryland

13. Isabella lost both parents by the time shewas-A. twenty-sevenB. twoC. sevenD. fourteenE. nineteen

14. When New York freed its slaves, Isabellahad-A. problems



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B. no childrenC. five childrenD. an educationE. three children

15. Her change in name was inspired by-A. a fighting spiritB. religionC. her freedomD. officialsE. friends

16. She traveled from New England to-A. CanadaB. CaliforniaC. MinnesotaD. AlaskaE. Virginia

17. She forced the city of Washington to-A. integrate its trolleysB. give land grantsC. care for ex-slavesD. provide food for ex-slavesE. clean its trolleys

18. She preached against-A. smokingB. slaveryC. alcoholD. hoodlumsE. women having no rights

19. Sojourner Truth died at-A. 48B. 72C. 63D. 86E. 88

20. The Galapagos Islands are in the Pacific

Ocean, off the western coast of SouthAmerica. They are a rocky, lonely spot, butthey are also one of the most unusual placesin the world. One reason is that they are thehome of some of the last giant tortoises lefton earth.Weighing hundreds of pounds, these tortoises,or land turtles, wander slowly around therocks and sand of the islands. Strangely, eachof these islands has its own particular kinds oftortoises. There are seven different kinds oftortoises on the eight islands, each kind beingslightly different from the other.

Hundreds of years ago, thousands of tortoiseswandered around these islands. However, allthat changed when people started landing

there. When people first arrived in 1535,their ships had no refrigerators. This meantthat fresh food was always a problem for thesailors on board. The giant tortoises provideda solution to this problem.Ships would anchor off the islands, and crews

would row ashore and seize as many tortoisesas they could. Once the animals were aboardthe ship, the sailors would roll the tortoisesonto their backs. The tortoises werecompletely helpless once on their backs, sothey could only lie there until used for soupsand stews. Almost 100,000 tortoises werecarried off in this way.The tortoises faced other problems, too. Soonafter the first ships, settlers arrived bringingpigs, goats, donkeys, dogs and cats. All ofthese animals ruined life for the tortoises.Donkey and goats ate all the plants that the

tortoises usually fed on, while the pigs. Dogsand cats consumed thousands of babytortoises each year. Within a few years, itwas hard to find any tortoise eggs-or even anybaby tortoises.By the early 1900s, people began to worrythat the last of the tortoises would soon dieout. No one, however, seemed to careenough to do anything about the problem.More and more tortoises disappeared, eventhough sailors no longer needed them forfood. For another fifty years, this situationcontinued. Finally, in the 1950s, scientist

decided that something must be done.The first part of their plan was to get rid ofas many cats, dogs and other animals as theycould. Next, they tried to make sure thatmore baby tortoises would be born. To dothis, they started looking for wild tortoiseeggs. They gathered the eggs and put them insafe containers. When the eggs hatched, thescientists raised the tortoises in special pens.Both the eggs and tortoises were numberedso that the scientists knew exactly whichkinds of tortoises they had-and which islandthey came from. Once the tortoises were oldenough and big enough to take care ofthemselves, the scientists took them back totheir islands and set them loose. This slow,hard work continues today, and, thanks to it,the number of tortoises is now increasingevery year. Perhaps these wonderful animalswill not disappear after all.What happened first?A. Sailors took tortoises aboard ships.B. The tortoise meat was used for soups andstews.C. Tortoises were put onto their backs.

D. Settlers brought other animals to theislands.



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E. Pigs had been all the sailors had to eat.

21. What happened soon after people broughtanimals to the islands?A. Tortoise eggs were kept in safecontainers.B. Scientists took away as many animals asthey could.C. The animals ate the tortoises' food andeggs.D. The tortoises fought with the otheranimals.E. The tortoises continued to wander freely.

22. When did people start to do something tosave the tortoises?A. in the 1500sB. in the 1950s

C. in the early 1900sD. in the 1960sE. in the 1400s

23. What happens right after the tortoiseeggs hatch?A. The scientists take the tortoises back totheir islands.B. The scientists get rid of cats, dogs, andother animals.C. The sailors use the tortoises for food.D. The scientist raised the tortoises in special

pens.E. The scientist encouraged the villagers tohelp.

24. What happened last?A. The tortoises began to disappear.B. The number of tortoises began to grow.C. Scientists took away other animals.D. Tortoises were taken back to their homeislands.E. The number of tortoises began todecrease.

25. The first person in the group starts off bynaming anything that is geographical. It couldbe a city, state, country, river, lake, or anyproper geographical term. For example, theperson might say,”Boston.” The secondperson has ten seconds to think of how theword ends and come up with anothergeographical term starting with that letter.The second participant might say, “Norway,”since the geographical term has to start with“N.” The third person would have to choose aword beginning with “ Y.” If a player fails to

think of a correct answer within the timelimit, that player is out of the game. The last

person to survive is the champion.This game may help you with-A. historyB. musicC. geographyD. sports

E. current events

26. The person trying to answer needs-A. no time limitB. to know geography onlyC. to ignore the last letters of wordsD. to know something about spelling andgeographyE. to be a good speller

27. Before you choose your own word, thinkabout how-

A. the last word startsB. the last word endsC. smart you areD. long the last word isE. the spelling of the first word

28. The answer must be-A. in New YorkB. within the United StatesC. proper geographical termsD. in the same regionE. along a coast line

29. Charles A. Lindbergh is remembered asthe first person to make a nonstop solo flightacross the Atlantic, in 1927. This feat, whenLindbergh was only twenty-five years old,assured him a lifetime of fame and publicattention.Charles Augustus Lindbergh was moreinterested in flying airplanes than he was instudying. He dropped out of the University ofWisconsin after two years to earn a livingperforming daredevil airplane stunts at

country fairs. Two years later, he joined theUnited States Army so that he could go to theArmy Air Service flight-training school. Aftercompleting his training, he was hired to flymail between St. Louis and Chicago.Then came the historic flight across theAtlantic. In 1919, a New York City hotelowner offered a prize of $25,000 to the firstpilot to fly nonstop from New York to Paris.Nine St. Louis business leaders helped pay forthe plane Lindbergh designed especially forthe flight. Lindbergh tested the plane byflying it from San Diego to New York, with an

overnight stop in St. Louis. The flight tookonly 20 hours and 21 minutes, atranscontinental record.



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Nine days later, on May 20,1927, Lindberghtook off from Long Island, New York, at 7:52A. M. He landed at Paris on May 21 at 10:21P. M. He had flown more than 3,600 miles inless than thirty four hours. His flight madenews around the world. He was given awards

and parades everywhere he went. He waspresented with the U. S. Congressional Medalof Honor and the first Distinguished FlyingCross. For a long time, Lindbergh toured theworld as a U. S. goodwill ambassador. He methis future wife, Anne Morrow, in Mexico,where her father was the United Statesambassador.During the 1930s, Charles and Anne Lindberghworked for various airline companies,charting new commercial air routes. In 1931,for a major airline, they charted a new routefrom the east coast of the United States to

the Orient. The shortest, most efficient routewas a great curve across Canada, over Alaska,and down to China and Japan. Most pilotsfamiliar with the Arctic did not believe thatsuch a route was possible. The Lindberghstook on the task of proving that it was. Theyarranged for fuel and supplies to be set outalong the route. On July 29, they took offfrom Long Island in a specially equipped smallseaplane. They flew by day and each nightlanded on a lake or a river and camped. NearNome, Alaska, they had their first seriousemergency. Out of daylight and nearly out of

fuel, they were forced down in a small oceaninlet. In the next morning's light, theydiscovered they had landed on barely threefeet of water. On September 19, after twomore emergency landings and numerous closecalls, they landed in China with the maps fora safe airline passenger route.Even while actively engaged as a pioneeringflier, Lindbergh was also working as anengineer. In 1935, he and Dr. Alexis Carrelwere given a patent for an artificial heart.During World War I in the 1940s, Lindberghserved as a civilian technical advisor inaviation. Although he was a civilian, he flewover fifty combat missions in the Pacific. Inthe 1950s, Lindbergh helped design thefamous 747 jet airliner. In the late 1960s, hespoke widely on conservation issues. He diedAugust 1974, having lived through aviationhistory from the time of the first poweredflight to the first steps on the moon andhaving influenced a big part of that historyhimself.What did Lindbergh do before he crossed theAtlantic?

A. He charted a route to China.B. He graduated from flight-training school.C. He married Anne Morrow.

D. He acted as a technical advisor duringWorld War II.E. He was responsible for the fuel supply forplanes.

30. What happened immediately afterLindbergh crossed the Atlantic?A. He flew the mail between St. Louis andChicago.B. He left college.C. He attended the Army flight-trainingschool.D. He was given the Congressional Medal ofHonor.E. He married Anne Morrow.

31. When did Charles meet Anne Morrow?A. before he took off from Long Island

B. after he worked for an airlineC. before he was forced down in an oceaninletD. after he received the first DistinguishedFlying CrossE. when visiting his parents

32. When did the Lindberghs map an air routeto China?A. before they worked for an airlineB. before Charles worked with Dr. CarrelC. after World War II

D. while designing the 747E. when he was thirty

33. What event happened last?A. Lindbergh patented an artificial heart.B. The Lindberghs mapped a route to theOrient.C. Lindbergh helped design the 747 airline.D. Lindbergh flew fifty combat missions.E. Charles finally was given an honorarydegree from college.

34. Always read the meter dials from theright to the left. This procedure is mucheasier, especially if any of the dial hands arenear the zero mark. If the meter has twodials, and one is smaller than the other, it isnot imperative to read the smaller dial sinceit only registers a small amount. Read thedial at the right first. As the dial turnsclockwise, always record the figure thepointer has just passed. Read the next dial tothe left and record the figure it has justpassed. Continue recording the figures on thedials from right to left. When finished, mark

off the number of units recorded. Dials onwater and gas meters usually indicate the



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amount each dial records.These instructions show you how to – A. read a meterB. turn the dials of a meterC. install a gas meterD. repair a water meter

E. be prepared for outside employment

35. Always read the meter dials-A. from top to bottomB. from right to leftC. from left to rightD. from the small to the large dialE. from the large dial to the small dial

36. As you read the first dial, record thefiguresA. on the smaller dial

B. the pointer is approachingC. the pointer has just passedD. at the topE. at the bottom

37. When you have finished reading themeter, mark off-A. the number of units recordedB. the figures on the small dialC. the total figuresD. all the zero marksE. the last reading of the month

38. The village of Vestmannaeyjar, in the farnorthern country of Iceland, is as bright andclean and up-to-date as any American orCanadian suburb. It is located on the island ofHeimaey, just off the mainland. One Januarynight in 1973, however, householders wereshocked from their sleep. In some backyardsred-hot liquid was spurting from the ground.Flaming “skyrockets” shot up and over thehouses. The island's volcano, Helgafell, silentfor seven thousand years, was violently

erupting!Luckily, the island's fishing fleet was in port,and within twenty-four hours almost everyonewas ferried to the mainland. But then theagony of the island began in earnest. As in anightmare, fountains of burning lava spurtedthree hundred feet high. Black, baseball-sizecinders rained down. An evil-smelling, eye-burning, throat-searing cloud of smoke andgas erupted into the air, and a river of lavaflowed down the mountain. The constantshriek of escaping steam was punctuated byear-splitting explosions.

As time went on, the once pleasant village ofVestmannaeyjar took on a weird aspect. Itsstreet lamps still burning against the long

Arctic night, the town lay under a thickblanket of cinders. All that could be seenabove the ten-foot black drifts were the tipsof street signs. Some houses had collapsedunder the weight of cinders; others had burstinto flames as the heat ignited their oil

storage tanks. Lighting the whole lurid scene,fire continued to shoot from the mouth of thelooming volcano.The eruption continued for six months.Scientists and reporters arrived from aroundthe world to observe the awesome naturalevent. But the town did not die that easily. InJuly, when the eruption ceased, the peopleof Heimaey Island returned to assess thechances of rebuilding their homes and lives.They found tons of ash covering the ground.The Icelanders are a tough people, however,accustomed to the strange and violent nature

of their Arctic land. They dug out theirhomes. They even used the cinders to buildnew roads and airport runways. Now the newhomes of Heimaey are warmed from waterpipes heated by molten lava.The village is located on the island of-A. VestmannaeyjarB. HebridesC. HeimaeyD. HelgafellE. Heimma

39. The color of the hot liquid was-A. orangeB. blackC. yellowD. redE. gray

40. This liquid was coming from the – A. mountainsB. groundC. seaD. skyE. ocean

41. The island's volcano had been inactivefor-A. seventy yearsB. seven thousand yearsC. seven thousand monthsD. seven hundred yearsE. seventy decades

42. Black cinders fell that were the size of__A. baseballs

B. pebblesC. golf ballsD. footballs



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E. hail-stones

43. Despite the eruption-A. buses kept runningB. the radio kept broadcastingC. the police kept workingD. street lamps kept burningE. the television kept broadcasting

44. This volcanic eruption lasted for six ___.A. weeksB. hoursC. monthsD. daysE. years

Answer Key

1. C2. D3. C4. A5. B6. B7. D8. B9. D10. D11. C12. A13. D

14. C15. B16. C17. A18. B19. D20. A21. C22. B23. D24. B25. C26. D

27. B28. C29. B30. D31. D32. B33. C34. A35. B36. C37. A38. C39. D

40. B41. B

42. A43. D44. C



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1. If the books have been cataloged lastweek, why haven't they been placed on theshelf?A. have been catalogedB. would have been catalogedC. was cataloged

D. were catalogedE. had been cataloged

2. Jessica Mitford wrote The American Way ofDeath, a best-selling book, that ledeventuallyto an official investigation of thefuneral industry.A. that led eventuallyB. that had led eventuallyC. that eventually ledD. which led eventuallyE. who eventually led

3. Sabotage came from theFrench saboter, which means“to clatter withwooden shoes (sabots).” A. which means “ to B. which means, “ to C. that means “to D. that means- “to E. that means, “to

4. In studying an assignment it is wise to readit over quickly at first, than see the major

points, and finally outline the material.A. first, thanB. first: thenC. first-thenD. first, thenE. first-than

5. To judge the Tidy City contest, we pickedan uninterested party.A. picked an uninterested party.B. picked an interested party!C. picked a disinterested party.

D. are in the process of picking anuninterested party.E. picked an disinterested party.

6. Linda decides they had betterscram before the killers find them.A. had better scramB. had better leaveC. should hurry and scramD. could hurry and leaveE. had better get out

7. I really dug the character of Brutus.A. dugB. thought about

C. thought ofD. admiredE. gazed at

8. Once upon a point a time, a small personnamed Little Red Riding Hood initated plansfor the preparation, delivery andtransportation of foodstuffs to herGrandmother.A. and transportation of foodstuffs to herGrandmother.B. and transportation of food stuffs to herGrandmother.C. and transportation of food supplies to herGrandmother.D. and transportation of foodstuffs to hergrandmother.E. and, transportation of food supplies to her

grand mother.

9. The setting of a story effects the story'splot.A. effects the story's plotB. effects the stories plotC. affect the story's plotD. affects the story's plotE. affects the story's plots

10. Arctic trees are scrubbiest than trees inmilder climates.

A. scrubbiest than treesB. scrubbier then treesC. scrubbiest than are treesD. scrubbier than are treesE. scrubbier than trees

11. Quebec rises in a magnificent wayabove the St. Lawrence River.A. rises in a magnificent way aboveB. rises in a magnificent way, way aboveC. rises magnificently aboveD. rises magnificently way above

E. is raised in a magnificent way above

12. Someone gives the school gerbils everyyear.A. Someone gives the school gerbilsB. Some one gives the school gerbilsC. Some one gives the School gerbilsD. There is a person that gives the schoolgerbilsE. An individual gave gerbils

13. During colonial days, a school room

looked rather empty.A. colonial days, a school room lookedB. colonial days, a schoolroom looked



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C. colonial days; a schoolroom lookedD. colonial days; a school room lookedE. colonial days- a schoolroom looked

14. The helium- filled balloon rose in the air.A. rose in the air.B. was rising in the air.C. was in the air.D. rose into the air.E. would rise in the air.

15. If I had the address, I would havedelivered the package myself.A. had the address,B. had the address;C. had the address-D. had had the address;E. had had the address,

16. Do you know that these gloves have layon the bureau all week?A. have lay onB. have laid onC. would lie onD. had laid onE. have lain on

17. If I would have known about the teamtryouts, I would have signed up for them.A. would have knownB. would had knownC. could of knownD. had been toldE. could have been told

18. If he would have revised his first draft, hewould have received a better grade.A. would have revisedB. had revisedC. could of revisedD. had of revisedE. would revise

19. Valarie claims that cats made the bestpets.A. made the best pets.B. could be the best pets.C. are the best pets.D. make of the best petsE. make the best pets.

20. By next month Ms. Jones will be Mayor ofTallahassee for two years.A. will be Mayor of Tallahassee

B. will have been Mayor of TallahasseeC. will be mayor of Tallahassee

D. will have been mayor of TallahasseeE. could have been mayor of Tallahassee

Answer Key1. D2. D3. A4. D5. C6. B7. D8. D9. D10. E11. C12. A13. B14. D

15. E16. E17. A18. B19. E20. D



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1. Hours of driving laid ahead of us.A. laidB. have lainC. layD. has layE. lie

2. By the time we get to the picnic area, therain will stop.A. will stopB. shall stopC. will has stoppedD. shall have stoppedE. will have stopped

3. If Judy would not have missed thedeadline, the yearbook delivery would havebeen on time.

A. would not have missedB. should have not missedC. wouldn't have missedD. had not missedE. would have not missed

4. We spent Sunday afternoon wanderingaimless in the park.A. wandering aimlessB. wandering aimlesslyC. wandering without purposeD. wandering in an aimless manner

E. wandering almost aimlessly

5. Only after I went home did I remember mydental appointment.A. went homeB. had went homeC. had gone homeD. gone homeE. should go home

6. The book lay open at page 77.A. lay open

B. laid openC. lied openD. lain openE. was laid open

7. By this time next year Johanna will beginclasses at the University of Colorado.A. will begin classesB. will have begun classesC. has began classesD. should begin classesE. should have begun classes

8. After comparing my air conditioner withthe one on sale, I decided that mine was themost efficient.A. was the most efficient.B. should be the most efficient.C. was the more efficient.

D. was, by far the most efficientE. should be considered the most efficient.

9. I would have liked to have goneswimming yesterday.A. to have gone swimmingB. to go swimmingC. to had gone swimmingD. to go to swimE. to of gone swimming

10. I wish I read the chapter before I tried to

answer the questions.A. read the chapterB. would read the chapterC. should of read the chapterD. could have read the chapterE. had read the chapter

11. Nathanael West said that he'd never havewritten his satirical novel if he had not visitedHollywood.A. have written hisB. would have written his

C. could of written hisD. could have written hisE. should of written his

12. The smell from the paper mill laid overthe town like a blanket.A. laidB. has lainC. will lieD. layE. has laid

13. When I was halfway down the stairs, Isuddenly knew what I had wanted to havesaid.A. to have saidB. too sayC. to have been saidD. to had sayE. to say

14. I would be more careful if I hadbeen you.A. had been

B. could have beenC. wasD. were



E. could have been

15. They read where the governor hasappointed a special committee to improvethe school calendar.A. whereB. howC. wereD. of whereE. wear

16. In study hall I sit besides Paul Smith, whois captain of the swim team and one of thebest swimmers in the state.A. sit besidesB. sat besideC. have set besideD. sit beside

E. have sit beside

17. This classic has been read with enjoymentfor nearly two hundred years.A. has been readB. will have been readC. shall have been readD. is being readE. was read

18. Many nineteenth-century biographers relyon their imagination, not on real facts.A. rely on their imagination,B. relied on their imagination,C. have relied on their imaginationD. could have relied on their imagination,E. could rely on their imaginations:

19. The private lives of politicians, generals,and other notables fascinates thereadingpublic.A. fascinates the readingB. have fascinated the readingC. will fascinate the reading

D. fascinate the readingE. has fascinate the reading

20. That small man chose a seat near thedoor and carefully sat down.A sat

with the words top priority.A. words top priority.B. words - top priority.C. words: Top priority.D. words, “Top Priority.” E. Words “top priority.”

Answer Key1. C2. E3. D4. B5. C6. A7. B8. C9. A10. E

11. A12. D13. E14. D15. A16. D17. A18. B19. D20. A21. D

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