Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Presentation to Fusion Power Associates, Washington DC, December 2010...
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Transcript of Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Presentation to Fusion Power Associates, Washington DC, December 2010...
![Page 1: Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Presentation to Fusion Power Associates, Washington DC, December 2010 Mike Dunne LLNL in partnership with LANL, GA, LLE, U.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649d0c5503460f949e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Laser Inertial Fusion EnergyLaser Inertial Fusion Energy
Presentation to Fusion Power Associates,
Washington DC, December 2010
Mike DunneLLNL
in partnership with LANL, GA, LLE, U Wisc, U Illinois, UCSD, PPPL, NPS, SRNL
![Page 2: Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Presentation to Fusion Power Associates, Washington DC, December 2010 Mike Dunne LLNL in partnership with LANL, GA, LLE, U.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649d0c5503460f949e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Experience with NIF, and evidence from the ignition campaign, are being used to define a path for LIFE
Moses - Path to Inertial Fusion, S. Korea - October 14, 2010 2NIF-0910-20050.ppt
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The design is being driven by the end-user requirement
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Plant Primary Criteria (partial list)
Cost of electricity
Rate and cost of build
Licensing simplicity
Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, Inspectability (RAMI)
High capacity credit & capacity load factor
Predictable shutdown and quick restart
Protection of capital investment
Meet urban environmental and safety standards (minimize grid impact)
Public acceptability
Timely delivery
This can drive a very different design solution and delivery pathto conventional approaches based on technical performance alone
![Page 4: Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Presentation to Fusion Power Associates, Washington DC, December 2010 Mike Dunne LLNL in partnership with LANL, GA, LLE, U.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649d0c5503460f949e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Modeling of US grid shows early market entry is key to the impact of fusion energy
![Page 5: Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Presentation to Fusion Power Associates, Washington DC, December 2010 Mike Dunne LLNL in partnership with LANL, GA, LLE, U.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649d0c5503460f949e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
NIF-0710-19593s2.ppt 5
Present value of avoided carbon $160B to $260B assuming $100 MT CO2
Modeling of US grid shows early market entry is key to the impact of fusion energy
![Page 6: Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Presentation to Fusion Power Associates, Washington DC, December 2010 Mike Dunne LLNL in partnership with LANL, GA, LLE, U.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649d0c5503460f949e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
An integrated, self-consistent plant design for LIFE has been developed to meet the Primary Criteria
2 Annular Laser Bays
Power Conversion Building
EngineMaintenance
Building
Tritium Plant
120m
• Modular• Factory built units• RAMI• Vendor readiness• Impact on cost• Obviate need for advanced materials
![Page 7: Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Presentation to Fusion Power Associates, Washington DC, December 2010 Mike Dunne LLNL in partnership with LANL, GA, LLE, U.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649d0c5503460f949e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
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A new approach is required to meet the Primary Criteria set for robust power production
![Page 8: Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Presentation to Fusion Power Associates, Washington DC, December 2010 Mike Dunne LLNL in partnership with LANL, GA, LLE, U.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649d0c5503460f949e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
LIFE laser design has been developed to balance commercial and technical requirements
Capital Cost Diode vendors now quoting 2-3¢/W
Supply chain Competitive market, multiple end-users
Time to market Conventional glass technology
Reliability 3 fluence = 1/3 NIF
Availability Hot-swap beam box (~10m long)
Maintainability Factory build and repair
Performance specification Set by NIF demonstrations
/4 plate
polarizer
mirror
mirror
quartzrotator
SpatialFilter
SF4
Relay
Relay
0.9 J DiodesDiodes DiodesDiodes
6.3 kJ 125x25 cm2
13 J/cm2 13 J/cm2 3
Amp AmpPockels
cell
NIF-1110-20395.ppt 8
![Page 9: Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Presentation to Fusion Power Associates, Washington DC, December 2010 Mike Dunne LLNL in partnership with LANL, GA, LLE, U.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649d0c5503460f949e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The point design uses a modular laser system, removing the need for a NIF-style switchyard
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10.5 m
1.35
m2.2 m
NIF-1110-20395.ppt
![Page 10: Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Presentation to Fusion Power Associates, Washington DC, December 2010 Mike Dunne LLNL in partnership with LANL, GA, LLE, U.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649d0c5503460f949e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The design achieves high performance at 3x lower fluence than NIF (3), and meets economic goals
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LIFE1 beam
Box
90 m150 m
Tripler output3 = 4.3 kJContrast ~ 4.5%Peak, Ref ~ 1.31
Output Farfield
• Efficient and cost effective supply chain• Offsite beamline factory• Truck-shippable 1w beamline• Low-overhead installation
— Kinematic placement— Minimal interfaces
NIF-1110-20395.ppt
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Modular design enables very high plant availability by decoupling the laser reliability
• Commercial solid state laser systems ~ 10,000 hrs
• Modular design allows realistic performance goals for a high power system
11NIF-1110-20395.ppt
2 hr TTR
4 hr TTR
8 hr TTR
![Page 12: Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Presentation to Fusion Power Associates, Washington DC, December 2010 Mike Dunne LLNL in partnership with LANL, GA, LLE, U.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649d0c5503460f949e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The LIFE “chamber” is a network of horizontal tubes, protected by Xenon gas. It is modular and NIF scale.
• Modular design. Truck-shippable, factory-built
• Wall survival ≥ 4 years
— Ions stopped in ~10cm gas
— X-ray heating mitigated (to ~800C first wall)
— Conventional steel for LIFE.1
• Very low Tritium content
— 10’s g in the engine
— 100’s g in the separation and storage systems
• Very low clearing ratio (~1%)
12NIF-1110-20395.ppt
![Page 13: Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Presentation to Fusion Power Associates, Washington DC, December 2010 Mike Dunne LLNL in partnership with LANL, GA, LLE, U.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649d0c5503460f949e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The chamber system can be transported as a single unit for maintenance
13NIF-1110-20395.ppt
Vacuum chamber
Fusion chamber
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The chamber system can be transported as a single unit for maintenance
14NIF-1110-20395.ppt
Transport of ~700MT unit(cask not shown) to the hot cell
![Page 15: Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Presentation to Fusion Power Associates, Washington DC, December 2010 Mike Dunne LLNL in partnership with LANL, GA, LLE, U.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649d0c5503460f949e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The chamber system can be transported as a single unit for maintenance
15NIF-1110-20395.ppt
New system installed, allowingremote maintenance / disassemblyof the old unit during operations
![Page 16: Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Presentation to Fusion Power Associates, Washington DC, December 2010 Mike Dunne LLNL in partnership with LANL, GA, LLE, U.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649d0c5503460f949e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
… because chamber modularity results in high plant availability
Calculated wall lifetime (LIFE.2)
NIF-1110-20395.ppt 16
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The design has been optimized using an integrated technology and economics model
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![Page 18: Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Presentation to Fusion Power Associates, Washington DC, December 2010 Mike Dunne LLNL in partnership with LANL, GA, LLE, U.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649d0c5503460f949e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
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Lev
eliz
ed C
OE
($
/ M
Wh
)
Cost of Carbon ($ / MT-CO2eq)
Nicholson et al, Energy (2010)
Cost of Electricity less than coal for CO2 > $40/MT, and less than gas for > $90/MT. Could be 50% better.
LIFE
solar thermal
coal
gas
![Page 19: Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Presentation to Fusion Power Associates, Washington DC, December 2010 Mike Dunne LLNL in partnership with LANL, GA, LLE, U.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649d0c5503460f949e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Outline delivery schedule, consistent with NIF experience and likely licensing timescales – meets the Primary Criteria
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2012 2017 2022 2027 2032
Prelim& Final Design
Build Power Block Structure
Install Utilities
Install Process Equipment Infrastructure
Install LRU’s/Commission
Operate LIFE.1
Burst Continuous
Build Power Block Structures, Install Utilities
Install Process Equipment Infrastructure
Install LRU’s/Commission
Conceptual Design
Procurements
DTDD
Conceptual Design
Prelim& Final Design
2037
Commercial Fusion Operations
Calendar Year
7.5 years
4 years
7 years
3 years 6 years
Materials Qualification
23.5 years
2035
Facility design is based on a 334-element WBS, split into 50 cost centers
![Page 20: Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Presentation to Fusion Power Associates, Washington DC, December 2010 Mike Dunne LLNL in partnership with LANL, GA, LLE, U.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649d0c5503460f949e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Development path
20NIF-1110-20395.ppt Dunne - Presentation to TOFE, November, 2010
(~500 MWth)
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Final thoughts
• Consideration of end-user requirements must drive IFE development
• Technologically, IFE success will depend on our ability to integrate interdependent sub-systems
• Future development must be tackled as part of a facility delivery project
• LIFE provides a solution consistent with 2030’s commercial delivery:
— Designed to meet the Utilities’ Primary Criteria
— NIF provides the at-scale physics evidence
— LRU approach protects capital investment, and enables high availability
— Licensing approval managed as an integral part of the process
• Public/private delivery partnership, and nation-wide focused effort is essential
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