LAM Optical Fabrication Activities and Technological ... · LAM Optical Fabrication Activities and...

Freeform Workshop 13/10/2017

LAM Optical Fabrication Activitiesand Technological Facilities

M. Ferrari - LAM Deputy Dir. R&D, Tech. Facilities, Partnership


LAM Overview• Joint laboratory Aix-Marseille University and CNRS-INSU

• Science: from the Solar system to Cosmology, and Advanced Optics

• Instrumentation: – One of a few “CNES space laboratories” in France– Ground-based instrument development renowned expertise

• Total staff: ~ 200-210– Permanent staff: 55 astronomers, 65 engineers and technicians– Contract staff: 55 PhD students and post-docs, 25 technical

• Budgets : Operations and projects : ~5-8M€Manpower : ~9M€

• Organization– Science : 3 science teams (GECO, GSP, GRD)– Instrumentation department: 4 technical groups – Technical facilities and platforms – Astronomical data center - CESAM


9 Permanent staff1 Emeritus6 Postdocs

11 PhD students

GECO GSP30 permanent researchers

4 Emeritus13 Postdocs

19 PhD students

12 permanent researchers1 Emeritus4 Postdocs

4 PhD students

Planetary Systems(GSP)

R&D Optics & Instrumentation (GRD)

Galaxies, Stars, Cosmology(GECO)

LAM Science Teams


• Activities & Expertise : Challenging but funny things– Optical fabrication using stress polishing (high quality aspheres)

– Active Optics techniques : complex systems, adjustable optical train

– Space Active Optics : Correctors, WFS, system optimization,

– Adaptive Optics and high dynamic imaging : system, WFS, phase masks

– Spectroscopic techniques : Holographic gratings, slicers, grisms.

– MOEMS instrumentation : prog. slit, spectro, def. mirror, etc.

– Detectors : Fast-low noise (visible, IR), controllers, curved detectors

R&D - Advanced Optics for Astronomy

15 patents / licenses since 2006 11 awards since 2009


Stress/strain deformation (forces, torques, ..)

Grinding/polissing plane or spherical (full size tools)

Stress/strain relaxation and final shape

Plate or meniscus67cm plate - OHP

Schmidt Plate - B. Schmidt – 1932, realization of the first entrance correcting plate

Extension of the technique (2 zones) - G. Lemaître (1972)

A bit of history …..

Schmidt correcting plate - Stress Mirror Polishing


Variable Curvature Mirrors (VCM) - VLTI / ESO

Positions of UT/AT output pupils in theinterferometric recombination laboratory Optical surface quality:

l/4 on the whole range

Active system – M3 Delay Lines

16 < Dinput < 250m

24 < Doutput < 85m

Rc varying from infinity to 84mm


25th July '06Active Optics Techniques - THALES Alenia

Space7

• Six Delay-Lines equiped since 2002

8 VCMs delivered to ESO(6 DLs + 2 spares)

Open loop + initial calibration

Variable Curvature Mirrors


- Mask located at UT Coudé- DL carriage position from 5 to 55m (OPL 10 to 110m )- Imaging at Interferometric Lab (MIDI location)

24m < Total OPL < 134 m

Pupil re-imaging test:

Variable Curvature Mirrors (VCM) - VLTI / ESO


On-axis optical design. Green 80 km, Red 200 km.

The LGS-VCM is a 120 mm spherical active mirror able to achieve820 µm deflection sag with an optical quality better than 150 nmrms, allowing the radius of curvature variation from F/12 to F/2.

Prototype of the VCM in hardenedStainless Steel polished and coated.

Variable Curvature Mirrors (VCM) - Laser Guide Star

Stroke 1.3mm / Accuracy 0.1 µm


12 pairs of forces and uniform loading (P)

Multimodes Deformables Mirrors

Similiarity betweenpolynomials

- Zernike (wave front)- Clebsch-Jordan (elasticity)


Need to correct the first Zernike polynomials with an active system :- efficient- simple- light and small- resistant- low power consuming

11

Mirror best flat< 8nm RMS on D100, < 6nm RMS on D90Ex. generated mode

Trefoil: 3nm rms residuals(5nm rms spec.)

MADRAS / Space Active OpticsNext generation of space telescopes: large lightweight primary mirrors

Laslandes et al 2011


Ref. =

2014-2017 : MADRAS V2 : contrat CNES TANGONouveau design de miroir ; structure optimisée pour le spatial

Utilisation d’actionneurs qualifiés spatial

De MADRAS au démonstrateur de télescope TANGO…

2010-2012 : MADRAS V1 : LAM + TSESO + TASEtude de conception et premier prototype fonctionnel

Caractérisation des performances à un niveau TRL4

2006-2008 Activités amont LAMEtudes théorique et analytique / Elasticité des matériaux

Génération de mode de Zernike – Concept miroir MMDM

DEMONSTRATEUR DE TELESCOPE TANGO Démonstrateur de télescope à l’échelle 1

Vérification des performances globales

Vérification du fonctionnement de la boucle active

Validation des méthodes d’intégration et de tests

Vue de principe

Applied Optics 1st Feb. 2001

Vol.40, N° 4 ; p.461-471

Miroir actif MADRAS

V1 et V2


CPI

IRDIS

IFSZIMPOL

Toric mirrors

OCam

LAM responsibilities:

• Global System Engineering

• IRDIS instrument

• Toric Mirrors

• OCAM WFS

VLT SPHERE Instrument

• Y-J-H-Ks band (950-2320nm)• Differential imaging • Spectroscopy, R=50/500• Hawaii 2RG 2k x 2k detector


14

Stress polishing of toric mirrors

Off-axis design to minimize the diffraction

Superpolished mirrors with high optical quality

Mirror on its deformation system Moyenne azimutale PSDs-2D

VLT SPHERE Instrument


HD 114174 binarySPHERE Com1

2” AO correction zone (1420 act.)

Static speckels

Coronagraphic PSF

HR 8799 planetary systemIRDIS images in several bands.

Zurlo et al. 2015


• Reorganization of focal plane R&T CNES - Freeform optics design- 1D focal plane refolding (swathe) on 2D matrix- Volume and mass reduction of the optical train- Volume reduction of the cryostat for IR missions

Wilfried JAHN

• Curved detectors developmentCEA LETI Partnership

- Field of Curvature correction- Simpler shape of mirrors/lenses- Better transmission- Better optical train sensibility- Compact systems

Emmanuel Hugot

On-going developments


• Nanosats program Freeform optics design

Pupil diameter 80 mmF/# ~3 (or as large as possible)FoV ~3x3 degStrict volume 100x100x200mmAll-reflective

Eduard MUSLIMOV

On-going developments

• And many others… - 3D printing (M. ROULET)

- Rewrittable CGH (R. ALATA)

Legendre pol. +Spherical detector


Technological Facilities


Contexte et missions

• Plateformes conçues/dimmensionnées (~2005) dans le cadre du déménagement du LAM sur Château-Gombert

• Doter le laboratoire avec les meilleurs équipements en préparation de l’instrumentation 2020-2030 (sol/spatial)

• > 7M€ d’investissement des tutelles et des collectivités sur les équipements (CNRS, AMU, CNES, Région, EU, ..)

• Attente forte des tutelles : Mutualisation et Valorisation pour la communauté ou vers le monde économique

• Mise en place de « Labellisation » par les tutelles (AMU et CNRS)Affectation de moyens si respect de critères (gestion, gouvernance, ouverture…)


Contexte et missions• Venir en appui aux programmes scientifiques/projets du laboratoire

• Outil technologique de pointe pour la participation aux programmes instrumentaux de la discipline (effet d’attractivité non-négligeable !)

- ESA Cosmic Vision : EUCLID mission /NISP instrument

- CNES/LAM/Caltech/UniColumbia : FIREBall balloon UV MOS

- ESO E-ELT : HARMONI and MOSAIC instruments

- Participation WFIRST (NASA), LISA (ESA/NASA) , etc..

• Permettre au laboratoire de dégager des ressources propres par la mutualisation des moyens (collaborations, partenariat, etc.. ) et une politique de prestations.


Direction du Laboratoire

J.C. Cuby (Dir.)

Organisation

Comité de PilotageM. Ferrari (Dir. Adj.), N. Garcia (Admin.),

D. Le Mignant (Dir. Tech.)

SPATIAL POLARIS

Comité OpérationnelDir. Adj. / Dir. Tech. / Resp. LPI,

Resp Qualité , &Responsables des plateformes

Assemblage, Intégration, Tests & Qualification Spatiale

Fabrication optique

Conseil de Laboratoire

Conseil Scientifique

Métrologie optique


22DISS


Technical Facilities

ERIOS Space Simulation Chamber• Envelope:

• 4m x 6m

• Optical table:

• 6m x 1.5m

• Decoupled from chamber and building: 10-7 g

• Use a 100 metric-T sismic mass

• Liquid nitrogen shrouds

• Cold volume @ 80K : 50 m3

• Working pressure: 10-6 mbar

• 2 cryogenic pump 10,000 liter/sec

• Adaptive configuration

• Rotating flange with optical windows

• Possible changes to use with helium or cryocooler

SPATIAL: Thermal-vacuum testing


Technical Facilities


SPATIAL: Dimensional metrology ZEISS ACCURA II CMM• Characteristics

• Measurement volume: (w) 1.2m, (L) 3.0m, (H) 1.0m

• Bench surface: (w) 2.6m and (L) 3.7m

• Maximum load: 5000kg

• ISO5 compatible

• Sensors and accuracy

• Active scanning and multipoint sensor (1.9+L/300)µm

• Dynamic RDS-D articulating unit (2.2+L/300)µm

• Optical 2D image sensor with autofocus (10+L/300)µm

FARO arm• Portable CMM

• Platinum series – 6ft

• ~ 30 µm vol. deviation


Vibration testing system

SPATIAL: Vibration testing system

ISO 5/8 option

Vibration system suitable for high-acceleration shock andtesting with sinusoidal, random and transient excitations

• Air-cooled electrodynamic shaker : LDS V875/440 35 KN

• Slip Low Pressure Table: LPT 600, 600mm x 600 mm• Power amplifier : LDS SPAK 35/40• Acquisition & control system :

• Spectral Dynamics SD 2560 with 18 channels

Piezo and ICP Accelerometers • ~ 30 ENDEVCO and ~15 B&K types

Signal conditioning• B&K 2525 pre-amp stage : 2 dedicated channels for

pilot and control• B&K NEXUS : 16 voies

More at : https://www.lam.fr/projets-plateformes/plateformes-spatial-et-

polaris/centre-spatial-ait-aiv/article/l-installation-de-vibrations?lang=fr

https://www.lam.fr/projets-plateformes/plateformes-spatial-et-polaris/centre-spatial-ait-aiv/article/l-installation-de-vibrations?lang=fr


Six machines ranging from 0.1m to 2.5m Ø

All designed for SMP fabrication techniques

25m optical tunnel + 2 control towers

Active Polishing facilities (stress mirror polishing)

POLARIS : Optical Fabrication


POLARIS: Optical systems and surface metrology • Interferometers:

– Simultaneous or phase shift acquisition

– Various plane of spherical calibers

– Off-axis and large focal measurements

• Microscopes: – Interferometric or confocal

– Surface roughness accuracy < 1nm RMS

• Spectrophotometers: – Perkin Elmer Lambda 900 and 1050

– UV-Vis-NIR spectral range, Δλ=0,1nm

– Specular or diffuse measurements

– Custom accessories for gratings efficiency

– Rejection down to 8Abs

• Sources and detectors– UV-Vis-NIR illumination and imagery

• Binocular and UV lamp – Surface inspections

• ISO 8 environment with ISO 5 laminar flux for each setup

LAM Optical Fabrication Activities and Technological ... · LAM Optical Fabrication Activities and...

Documents

Transcript of LAM Optical Fabrication Activities and Technological ... · LAM Optical Fabrication Activities and...