La Era de Internet
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Transcript of La Era de Internet
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8/17/2019 La Era de Internet
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Conceptos Básicos de Internet 1
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8/17/2019 La Era de Internet
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Conceptos Básicos de Internet 2
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Federico David CARNEROSÁNCHEZ 5toA
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1000111100001110011011001000010100101111100001010101000011100100011100001000111100000001100011000100101000101100100110011000111111110111110010111000011001111101100000110001110010110100011101010011110110001111000011100110110010000101001011111000010101010000111001000111000010001111000000011000110001001010001011001001100110001111111101111100101110000110011111011000001100011100101101000111010
1001111011000111100001110011011001000010100101111100001010101000011100100011100001000111100000001100011000100101000101100100110011000111111110111110010111000011001111101100000110001110010110100011101010011110110001111000011100110110010000101001011111000010101010000111001000111000010001111000000011000110001001010001011001001100110001111111101111100101110000110011111011000001100011100101101
0001110101001111011000111100001110011011001000010100101111100001010101000011100100011100001000111100000001100011000100101000101100100110011000111111110111110010111000011001111101100000110001110010110100011101010011110110001111000011100110110010000101001011111000010101010000111001000111000010001111000000011000110001001010001011001001100110001111111101111100101110000110011111011000001100011
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Conceptos Básicos de Internet !
"NDICE#
QUÉ ES INTERNETQUÉ ES INTERNETCONCEPTOS BÁSICOSCONCEPTOS BÁSICOS
SERVICIOS DE INTERNETSERVICIOS DE INTERNET
BUSCADORES Y PÁGINASBUSCADORES Y PÁGINASBÚSQUEDA DE INFORMACBÚSQUEDA DE INFORMACIÓNIÓN
INTRANETINTRANET
EXTRANETEXTRANET WEB 2.0 WEB 2.0
BIBLIOGR AFÍA BIBLIOGRA FÍA
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Conceptos Básicos de Internet
4
$%& ES IN'ERNE'
Es (n )ran red de redes *(ndia+ de co*p(tadorasinterconectadas por *edio de siste*as de te+eco*(nicaciones
Introd(cci,n#
Ori)en#
-a .red de redes/ naci, de (na red deno*inada AR0ANE' (e en13 conecta4a (niversidades sedes *i+itares de+ 6inisterio de De7ensa de
%SA para a(dar a +os investi)adores a co*partir in7or*aci,n ana+i8arco*o *antener +as co*(nicaciones en caso de reci4ir (n ata(e n(c+ear
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Conceptos Básicos de Internet 5
CONCE0'OS BÁSICOS
• 999• H''0• H''0S
• H'6-• HI0ER'E:'O• %R-• NA;E
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Conceptos Básicos de Internet
6
999
• 9or+d >6(ndia+?9ide >A*p+ia? 9e4>'e+a de ara@a?
Servicio *(ndia+4asado en *ode+ode ipertetosei4+e (etra4aa conc(a+(ier siste*aoperativo
• Hper 'et 'rans7er0rotoco+ >0rotoco+o detrans7erencia deipertetos? 0er*ite
acceder desde (na pá)ina9e4 a c(a+(ier otrapá)ina 9e4 a+*acenadaen (n servidor H''0sit(ado en c(a+(ier parte
de+ *(ndo• Ee*p+o# )oo)+eco*
H''0
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Conceptos Básicos de Internet
8
HI0ER'E:'O
• Es e+ concepto ene+ (e se 4asa +a9EB Son datos
(e contienenvGnc(+os con otrosdatos o conrec(rsos
• UL (UniformResourceLocator ,
Locali!adorUnifor"e deecursos): direcci,n
e+ectr,nica
%R-
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Conceptos Básicos de Internet
9
NA;E+ins? de iperteto para+(e)o *ostrar en e+ *onitor e+
res(+tado en 7or*ato*(+ti*edia• Ee*p+os#Broser para 9indos#
Internet Ep+orerBroser para 6AC OS#
Sa7ariBroser para varias p+ata7or*as#Opera Netscape 6o8i++aFire7o
• E+ 0roveedorServicios deInternet >0SI o IS0
en in)+Js? es +ae*presa (e o7recee+ servicio deconei,n dia+Kin o
dedicado >Internet?a+ (s(ario
IS0
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Conceptos Básicos de Internet
10
I0
Cada co*p(tador (e se conecta aInternet se identiLca de *aneraine(Gvoca con (na direcci,n I0 Mnica(e p(ede ser La o diná*ica -asdirecciones I0 están co*p(estas por nM*eros co*prendidos entre e+ =
e+ 255 separados por p(ntos
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Conceptos Básicos de Internet 11
SER;ICIOS DE IN'ERNE'
• 999• SINCRONICOS
• ASINCRONICOS
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Conceptos Básicos de Internet
12
999
• Es (n siste*a de entre)a dein7or*aci,n (e p(ede presentar*(cos tipos de datos distintos (e +e per*ite acceder a (na seriede servicios
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Conceptos Básicos de Internet 1!
SINCRNICOS
• CHA'• ;IDEOCONFERENCIAS
• SER;ICIOS DE 'E-EFON"A
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Conceptos Básicos de Internet
14
CHA'
• Siste*as de conversaci,n en +Gnea(e per*iten (e varias personas dec(a+(ier parte de+ *(ndo conversenen tie*po rea+ a travJs de s(stec+ados so4re +os te*as *ásvariados
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Conceptos Básicos de Internet
15
;IDEOCONFERENCIAS
• -A ;IDEOCONFERENCIA es (nsiste*a (e per*ite trans*itir reci4ir +a in7or*aci,n vis(a+ sonoraentre p(ntos o 8onas di7erentes de+
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SER;ICIOS DE 'E-EFONIA
• Dentro de +os Servicios de 'e+e7onGa inc+(i*os +os si)(ientes#
Servicio Básico 'e+e7,nico >SB'?Servicio de 'e+e7onGa -oca+ >S'-?Servicios de 'e+e7onGa de -ar)a Distancia Naciona+ >S'-DN?Servicios de 'e+e7onGa de -ar)a Distancia Internaciona+ >S'-DI?Servicios de 'e+e7onGa S'-DNI?Servicios de 'e+e7onGa 0M4+ica >S'0?Servicios de 'e+e7onGa 6,vi+ +os (e a s( ve8 sec+asiLcan en#
S'6SR6C0CS
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Conceptos Básicos de Internet 1P
ASINCRNICOS
• CORREO E-EC'RNICO• F'0• FOROS DE DISC%SIN
• 'E-NE'• NE9S
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CORREO E-EC'RNICO
• Es (n servicio de red para per*itir a+os (s(arios enviar reci4ir *ensaes*ediante siste*as de co*(nicaci,ne+ectr,nicos
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F'0
• %TP (File Transfer Protocol ,protocolo de transferencia dearc&i$os): servicio de Internet (eper*ite trans7erir arcivos >(p+oad don+oad? entre co*p(tadorasconectadas a Internet
• Ee*p+o# 7tp#QQ7tp*icroso7tco*Q
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FOROS DE DISC%SIN
• %n 7oro de disc(si,n o ta4+,n dean(ncios es (n área 9e4 diná*ica(e per*ite (e distintas personasse co*(ni(en
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'E-NE'
• Es e+ protoco+o estándar de Internet(e per*ite rea+i8ar (n servicio deconei,n desde (n 'er*ina+ re*oto
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NE9S
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9EB-O
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0ODSCAS'
podscast ed(caci,n?
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FO'O-O<
• -a pa+a4ra 7oto+o) >o 7oto4+o)? ori)ina+*entese re7erGa a (na variante de 4+o) (e consiste4ásica*ente en (na )a+erGa de i*á)enes7oto)ráLcas p(4+icadas re)(+ar*ente por (no
o *ás a*antes de +a 7oto)ra7Ga donde E+ tetoes tanto o *ás i*portante (e +a 7oto
• Foto+o)#•
Ee*p+os#• 7oto+o)co*• poto7ridaco*
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Conceptos Básicos de Internet 23
B%SCADORES 0Á
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SI'IO 9EB
• Sitio (site, sitio 0e1): Es (ncon(nto coerente (niLcado depá)inas o4etos interco*(nicados
a+*acenados en (n servidor
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DO6INIO
• Son +a trad(cci,n para +as personas de+as direcciones I0 de +os servidoresdonde se enc(entra a+oado (n sitio
9e40or ee*p+o# co+dp+aco* es (n no*4re
de do*inio
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DIREC'ORIOS
• +*T+ (irectory): EstetJr*ino ace re7erencia a+ espacio+,)ico en (e se convierten cada (na
de +as s(4divisiones de (naestr(ct(ra erár(ica (e contiene +ain7or*aci,n a+*acenada en (na
co*p(tadora
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B%SCADOR
• /uscador# sitio 9e4 asociado a (na4ase datos por *edio de+ c(a+ sep(eden encontrar contenidos en
Internet
aoo
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FA;ORI'O
• %a$oritos >se@a+adores obookmarks?# secci,n de+ *enM de(n nave)ador en +a (e se p(eden
a+*acenar +as direcciones de +ossitios pre7eridos para vo+ver a e++ose+i)iJndo+os con (n si*p+e c+ic desde
e+ *enM
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0Á
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0Á
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Conceptos Básicos de Internet !
BTS$%EDA DE INFOR6ACIN
• 0or 'e*as• 0or C+ave de BMs(eda
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0OR 'E6AS
• -as 4Ms(edas por te*a ei)enestrecar +a 4Ms(eda te*a porte*a asta ++e)ar a+ p(nto de
interJs Sin e*4ar)o son *ásprecisas res(+tan idea+es c(ando se(iere o4tener (na )ran variedad de
7(entes
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Conceptos Básicos de Internet !3
0OR C-A;E DE BTS$%EDA
• -en)(ae Nat(ra+• Frases -itera+es• 'Jr*inos Re(eridos tJr*inos
ec+(idos• Co*odines• BMs(eda avan8ada• 6aMsc(+as *inMsc(+as• %so de ti+des
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• %na 7or*a dep+antear +a4Ms(eda consiste
en escri4irsenci++a*ente +o(e se deseaencontrar por
ee*p+o# Interneten ed(caci,n
• Si se deseaencontrar +aspá)inas 9e4 (e
contienendeter*inada 7raseconviene escri4irJsta entre co*i++as
Frases-itera+es
-en)(aeNat(ra+
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• 0ara especiLcar +a4Ms(eda a+)(nos4(scadores proponen+a (ti+i8aci,n de+
sG*4o+o U >V*ásV? (nto a +a pa+a4rare(eridao4+i)atoria*ente
6ediante e+ si)no >.*enos/? (nto a +apa+a4ra (e no(ere*os (e apare8ca
en e+ +istado deres(+tados pode*osdecir+e (e no(ere*os (e nos*(estre doc(*entos en
+os (e aparece esapa+a4ra (e +e si)(e a+si)no >.*enos/?
'Jr*inosec+(idos
'Jr*inosre(eridos
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• E+ (so deco*odines >W? sirvepara (e 4(s(e
tanto +as pa+a4rasen sin)(+ar co*op+(ra+ o +as raGcesde pa+a4ras
• Cada sitio propone (ncon(nto de opcionespara acotar aMn *ás+os res(+tados de (na4Ms(eda >poree*p+o 7eca dep(4+icaci,n o*odiLcaci,n de +a
pá)ina e+ idio*ade +as pá)inas?
BMs(edaAvan8adaCo*odines
M
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• Si se pone +a pa+a4ra en*inMsc(+as se 4(scantodas +as pa+a4ras tantoen *aMsc(+as co*o en*inMsc(+as 0or e+
contrario si se pone +apa+a4ra en *aMsc(+as>o so+o +a pri*era +etra?so+o 4(sca a(e++aspa+a4ras (e se aanescrito con *aMsc(+as
0or +o tanto en )enera+es reco*enda4+e (sarso+a*ente +etras*inMsc(+as
• A+)(nos 4(scadores noto*an en c(enta +aa(sencia de ti+de en +asvoca+es (ee7ectiva*ente +a
re(ieren Enconsec(encia en estoscasos res(+tan +istados*ás a4arcadores>inc+(en +a pa+a4racon sin ti+de? si co*oc+ave de 4Ms(edaescri4i*os pa+a4ras sinacento orto)ráLco
%so de 'i+des6aMsc(+as 6inMsc(+as
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IN'RANE'
• Concepto# Son redes (e 7(ncionandentro de +as corporaciones a s( ve8tienen (na p(erta cerrada prote)ida
con acceso restrin)ido acia Internet
• ;entaas# Es +a potencia de Internet
(sada dentro de (na e*presa0er*ite e+ acceso oport(no a +ain7or*aci,n precisa
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E:'RANE'>Etended intranet?
• Concepto# Es (na red privada de (naco*pa@Ga co*partida con s(s c+ientesproveedores o socios para co*partir
in7or*aci,n crGtica conLdencia+
• ;entaas# Se p(ede acceder desde
c(a+(ier parte de+ *(ndo co*oc(a+(ier sitio 9e4 pero so+o podránacer+o a(e++as personas a(tori8adas
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9EB 2=
Concepto
Ir a ;entaas Ir a
Desventaas
9IXI RedesSocia+es
B+o)Spot
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9e4 2=;entaas
• 9e4 de tipo interactiva Contiene in7or*aci,n visi4+e cons(+tante
• 'iene aspectos co+a4orativos socia+es en +a red• Eti(etado de+ contenido desde a4ao >7o+sono*Ga 7rente a +a
taono*Ga?• Fo*enta +a participaci,n por s( *is*a ar(itect(ra• 0osee (na capacidad de sindicaci,n de contenidos por *edios
RSSQA'O6 -ect(ra de +os contenidos a)r(pados en seccionesen (na *is*a 9e4 o ap+icaci,n
• Sitios 7áci+es (sa4+es á)i+es para +oca+i8ar +a in7or*aci,n• -os (s(arios contro+an s( propia in7or*aci,n• Desarro++a +a capacidad de+ (s(ario de +a c(+t(ra re*i )racias
a s( ar(itect(ra (e per*ite co*4inar ree+a4orar pá)inascon contenido ei4+e diná*ico )racias ta*4iJn a +astJcnicas .*as(ps/ con A0Is a4iertos 7eeds (e +as acenestr(ct(ras a4iertas
4
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9e4 2=Desventaas
• 6ás co*odidad *enos inti*idad E+ (s(ario pierde e+ contro+ de s(s creaciones en7avor de +as e*presas (e prestan e+ servicio
• Espionae de estado +as e*presas (e capitanean e+ 7en,*eno 9e4 2= centra+i8antodas +as actividades en s(s servidores Esto se trad(ce en +a ac(*(+aci,n de )rancantidad de in7or*aci,n persona+ en *anos de (nas pocas e*presas (e si 4ien escierto (e viven de (ti+i8ar dica in7or*aci,n de (na *anera onesta provecosapara +os (s(arios ta*4iJn +o es (e en ocasiones se ven o4+i)adas a ceder dicain7or*aci,n a )o4iernos no de*ocráticos poniendo asG en pe+i)ro +a +i4ertad 7Gsica dea+)(nos (s(arios
• Inse)(ridad de a+*acena*iento -os arcivos (e se dean )(ardados en e+ servidor(e o7recen erra*ientas oL*áticas con++eva co*o desventaa (n ries)o para +ainti*idad de+ (s(ario o e*presa No a se)(ridad de inti*idad a4so+(ta
• ;(+neraci,n de derecos de a(tor No se +e pide per*iso para reprod(cir ni sere*(nera por e++o a a(e++as personas (e p(4+i(en s(s contenidos en pá)inas iis4+o)s de*ás sitios
• 0erdida de contro+ en +as creaciones %n cons(*idor tiene +a +i4erad de decidir (econtenido p(4+icar en (na 9e4 pero (na ve8 (e están dentro de+ servicio se pierdeparte de+ contro+ so4re +a in7or*aci,n aportada
• E+ anoni*ato (e posi4i+ita +a 9e4 2= p(ede ser ep+otado por individ(os (e (ieranp(4+icar contenido *a+Jvo+o para di7a*ar personas desacreditar ecos oaconteci*ientos acaecidos
• E+ co+a4oracionis*o a4ierto i*p+ica en a+)(nos casos poca pro7esiona+idad p(edecond(cir a 4aos nive+es de ca+idad en +os contenidos de *(cos sitios
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9IXI>9at I Xno Is?
• Concepto#%na ii es (na 9e4 con istoria+ de
versiones en Internet en e+ (e todos
p(eden crear *odiLcar en+a8ar pá)inas9e4 sin erra*ientas adiciona+es niconoci*ientos de H'6-
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Redes Socia+es
• Concepto# Son 7or*as de interacci,n socia+entendidas co*o (n interca*4io diná*icoentre personas )r(pos e instit(ciones en
contetos de co*p+eidad 'a*4iJn sonconstr(idas diri)idas por *is*os (s(arios(ienes ade*ás +as n(tren con contenidos
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