L3 Islamic Worldview

8/3/2019 L3 Islamic Worldview

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The Worldview of Islam

A worldview is that vision of reality

and truth, which, as anarchitectonic mental unity, actsas the non-observable

foundation of all human conduct,

including scientific andtechnological activities.


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FoundationThe reasons and intentions underlying the

act, disposition of the agent and whateverjustification may be given for his action.

Observable foundationWhatever preceding action behaviour,

disposition and events given as either reasonor condition for the action performed.

Non-observable foundationAll the mental operations leading to that

action considered as either justification for itor causes of it.


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Discussion on worldviewsnormally centre on the following

concepts:

The Concept of God

The Concept of Man

The Concept of UniverseThe Concept of Prophethood


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The Concept of GodOntologically the Quran & Islam are

Theo centric because the only truereality is the One God, Allah, theNecessary Being.

Teleologically the Quran & Islam areanthropocentric as Man, his nature,conduct, psychology, duties anddestiny are, in fact, as much a centralpreoccupation of the Quranic thoughtas the problem of God Himself.


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The Concept of God The Idea of Allah is not new to the Islamic

Arabs.

God, according to the Quran, is Absolute Real(al-Haqq). The exact nature of God is notknowable for his beyond comprehension.

The most important aspect of God in the Quranis His Oneness (Tawhid)

One humanity, unity of knowledge

Personal relation with God

Prohibition of all form of superstitious

The Idea of God Immanence


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The Concept of Man


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The Quran, being a guidance for mankind, islogically aimed directly at man. The cosmos ofthe Quran is intensely human and even socialwith a strong sense of common human

destiny. One of mans unique position is his capacity

for creative knowledge and acceptance of theAmanah.

The Quran talks two level of mans creation:1. The ghayb unseen level which occurred in

primordial time.

2. The natural biological process level that man knowsthrough experience as well as science.


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Peking Man


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The Concept of Man A closer study of the verses dealing

with the creation of man indicates that

the primary intention of the Quran isnot scientific.


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We created man in the best mould. Then Wereverted him to the lowest of the low, exceptthose who have faith and do righteous deedsAt Tin: 4-6


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al Insan


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Nutfah = a drop of mingled fluid


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The term nutfah , as it was explained by prophet

Mohammad himself , peace and blessings be upon him ,from his haith , when he was asked about creation ofchildren by one of Jews : O, Jew , it is created fromboth ; from a man nutfah and from a woman nutfah ( This hadith was narrated in Musnad Ahmad, volume 1,page 465) .

To explain this hadith , it is clear from the answer ofprophet Mohammad , peace and blessings be upon him ,that nutfah is the part by which the man shares increation of a child and also nutfah is the part by whichthe woman shares in this creation . Thus , according tothis hadith , it is clear that creation of a child occurs

from both male and female and that the term nutfah isapplicable to both male and female , not only male.


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In one verse that describes the creation of progeny of Adam :Then He made his progeny of an extract , of a

little weak fluid (Surah As-sajda ; 32 : Ayah 8 ) , thisverse means that creation occurs as an extract fromthat little weak fluid, in Arabic the word extract is thebest of that fluid .

Despite Quran does not mention in the previous verse ,

to whom belongs this fluid , it could be understood thatthis fluid originates from both sexes , not only one ofthem , that meaning could be appreciated from anotherverse ofQuran ; O mankind ! We created you from amale and a female ..(Surah Al-Hujraat ; 49 : Ayah 13) ,in this verse , Allah , the Al-mighty , said that HeHave created mankind from both sexes , the male andfemale , thus no one can longer say that Quranstates that creation is from male only .


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We created man out of the extract of clay. Then We made him into a drop

of life-germ, than We placed it in a safe depository, than We made this

drop into a clot, the We made the clot into a lump, then We clothed the

bones with flesh, and the We caused it to grow into another creation.Al Muminun; 12-14


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than We placed it in a safe depository


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We clothed the bones with flesh, and the We caused it to grow

into another creation


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Recite in the name of your Lord Who created. Created man from a clot of

congealed blood. Recite: and your Lord is Most Generous. Who taught by

the pen, taught man what he did not know.Al Alaq 1-5


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a clot of congealed blood


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To develop a higher sense of God-consciousness, taqwa,

and relate it to humility.

The primary motives of the Quran concerning

mans creation can be generally stated as :


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I created the jinn and humans for nothing else

but that they may serve Me.

Ad Dhariyat:56


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To refute the Christians attribution of divinity of Jesus.


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Pharaoh Ramesses

(FIRAUN)


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To inform the man of his uniqueness and purpose of

creation and duties.


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To affirm that God, who first created man certainly can,

and shall, raise him again for accountability.


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The discussion concerning mans nature fromthe perspective of the Quran is necessarilylinked to the idea of the trust which manaccepted in the primordial time, and the ideaof his freedom which is fundamental to his

nature and destiny.

Volitional and intellectual faculties are part ofthe essential definition of man. Theconsequences of these two powers with their

limitless possibilities for good and evil are thereasons neither the earth nor the heavens northe mountains were willing or capable ofaccepting it.


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The question of human volition and freedom,unfortunately, has been much debated outsidethe Quranic imperative. This message is no less than a reminder to all

mankind, to anyone of you who wills to walk astraight way. But you cannot will it unless

Godwill The motive of the Quran is to enhance the

human relationship with his Lord, and not tobe overly anxious of the opposition andrebellions of certain people because of these

are part of the will of God. The attitude ofreliance on God will produce personalities thatare ever-optimistic and courageous.


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The Concept of the Universe


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The concept of Universe in the Quran is

conveyed by the phrase the heavens and

the earth and whatever lies between

them.


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Sama - applied to anything that is spread like a canopy above anyother thing as in the case of our visible skies.. It also connotes the

cosmic system


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Al-Ard-is not only the planet Earth, but the entireinorganic universe including the planet Earth.

Shahada-the visible phenomena.Ghuyub-represent all that is beyond human

perception including not only the jinn and angels butalso past historical events such as Day of Judgement,Heaven and Hell


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The Quran considers several avenues toguidance, to an understanding of the higherpurpose and laws of life and existence.

The is the verbal-scriptural guidance revealed in aspecific language addressed to the whole mankind.

The universal guidance in natural phenomena,history and human psychology.

History has seen that Muslims becamebackward when they held steadfastly only tothe first guidance, while modern man becameunhappy and lost using only the second typeof guidance.


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Even though the entire universe is made to be

utilised by man, this utilization is for theenhancement of mans true purpose in creation:

to perform ibadah to Allah.


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Man should use the

entire cosmos NOT

merely for his

physical and

intellectual needs

but more importantly,

for his moralspiritual advancement.

The Quran repeatedly

condemns; The

corruption on earth, on

the land and in the sea

is due to mens actions


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Fukushima Nuclear


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Tsar Bomb


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Ibada in the Quran is a very generaland comprehensive concept which is

frequently to other key ethical termslike shukr and to taqwa innumerous places.


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The Concept of the Prophethood

Th W ld i f I l


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In Islamic world view the knowledge about God, theghaib, the purpose of human existence, mans destinyand that the universe id conveyed through out historyby a special group of human beings known asmessengers (rusul) or prophets (anbiya)

The knowledge pertaining directly to their duties wasrevealed to them from behind veil. The contents ofthese revelations are variously described as guidance(huda), truth (haqq), light (nur) and the criterion for

judging between righteousness (furqan) and falsehood.

Prophets are exemplary human beings whose conduct,sayings and virtues are enjoined to be obeyed upontheir followers.


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Ali Imran: 84


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We raised a Messenger in every community (to tell

them): `Serve Allah and shun the Evil One

Al Nahl: 36


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Just think when your Lord said to the angels

Lo! I am about to place a vicegerent on earth

they said: will You place on it one who will

spread mischief and shed blood while wecelebrate. Your glory and extol Your

holiness? He said `Surely I know what you

do not know.

al Baqarah 30


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Then Allah taught Adam the names of all things and

presented them to the angels and said, `If your are

right (that the appointment of a vicegerent will causemischief) then tell Me the name of these things

al Baqarah ; 31


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They said, Glory to You! We have no knowledgeexcept what You taught us. You only, You are All-

Knowing, all Wise. The Allah said to Adam;

`Tell them the names of these things And when

he had told them the names of all things, Allahsaid; `Did I not say to you that I know everything

about the heavens and the earth which are

beyond your range of knowledge and I know all

that you disclose and also all that you hide

Al Baqarah 32-33


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knowledge


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The knowledge pertaining directly to their duties wasrevealed to them from behind veil. The contents of theserevelations are variously described as guidance (huda),truth (haqq), light (nur) and the criterion for judgingbetween righteousness (furqan) and falsehood.


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The concept of university


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University : The word university is derived from the Latin

universitas magistrorum et scholarium, roughly meaning"community of teachers and scholars

Madrasah tarbiyyah (education)Adab Akhlak (personalities)

Experiment and CreativitiesCritics Thinking

In Islamic view, university inspired based on the world-view oftawhid and the Islamic philosophy of the unity of knowledge aswell as its concept of holistic education. Islamic values are

inculcated into all disciplines.

In Arabic University = Jamiah (Plural) = Kulliyyah


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Before the Day of Judgments

Belief in Allah;

Belief in the angels;

Belief in the revealed books;

Belief in the commissioned Messengers(peace be upon them).

Belief in the resurrection and the events

of Qiyamah.

Belief in the predestination by Allah ofall things, both the (seemingly) good and

the (seemingly) bad.


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Do not follow that of which you have not knowledge. Surely the hearing,

the sight, the hearteach of these shall be called to account.


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Jabal Rahmah, Arafah


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Cain kills his brother Abel (Habil)first murder in human history


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Saint Seth the PatriarchShith or Shiyth;

(Placed; appointed), in

Judaism, Christianity

and Islam, is the third

listed son of Adam and

Eve and brother of

Cain and Abel.

Allah sent him to Nil

Valley


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Judgement of Daniel, by John Rogers Herbert (c. 1851)Allah sent him

to Tigris-

Euphrates

Valley -

Babylon


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Athens Civilization


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Coliseum at Rome


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at Amman, Jordan


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at Syria


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Malaga, Spain


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at Bath, UK.


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DemocracyAutocracy

OligarchyRepublic

Rhetoric


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Socrates Aristotle Plato


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Idris, or in Bible call as Enoch, In

some literature, he was believed as

wise man who teach all knowledge

to human as astronomy, math,

Law, Chemistry, writing etc. He

also was believed as man whoresponsible to the development of

old Egypt culture, where piramid is

one of the big art of him.

In every world culture, Idris name,

or Enoch was widely known.

Greeks consider him as a God asHermes Trismegistus, God of Sc. &

magic.


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Sumerian

AssyriaMesopotamia

Babylon


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Cuneiform - Sumerian inscription.

One of the earliest examples of human writing


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KawiJava inscription


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Hieroglyph Egyptian


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Hindu Numeric


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Maya Numeric


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Arabic Alphabet


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B b l (B b l i B b ili B bil 'G t f G d')


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Babylon (Babylonian, Bab-ilim or Babil, 'Gate of God'),one of the most important cities of the ancient world,whose location today is marked by a broad area of ruins

just east of the Euphrates River, 90 km (56 mi) south ofBaghdad, Iraq.

Babylonian literature was well developed in the 3rdmillennium B.C. Records have been found of highlydeveloped religion, history and science, includingmedicine, chemistry, alchemy, botany, zoology, mathand astronomy.

In the Old Testament it is called 'Shinar' - Akkadia andSumer as well as 'the land of the Chaldeans.'

The Babylonians lived in Mesopotamia, a fertile plainbetween the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.


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The Code of Hammurabi


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The Code opens with the enactment that if a man has thrown a curseupon another man, and it is not justified, the layer of the curse shall beslain.

The second is similar, recalling the witch-finding ordeals practised inthis country up to a couple of centuries ago. But then come a numberof laws having to do with matters of practical ethics and morality.A man who has harboured a fugitive slave shall be slain, but he whoapprehends one in his field and takes him back to his master shall besuitably rewarded.A man who out of laziness has neglected to repair his dyke, with the

result that his neighbours field is flooded, shall make good the lattersloss.A man, who is caught breaking into a house, shall be slain in thebreach he has made in the wall, and shall be buried there. If a firebreaks out, and one of the fire-fighters seizes the opportunity ofstealing some of the victims goods, he shall be thrown himself into theblaze.

If plotters against the state meet in the house of a wine-seller, andshe does not seize them and deliver them up to the great house, sheshall be slain.


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The Akkadian name,Nab-kudurri-uur, means "Oh god Nabu,

preserve/defend my firstborn son".

Nabu is the Babylonian deity of

wisdom, and son of the god Marduk.

In an incription, Nebuchadnezzar

styles himself as Nabu's belovedand favorite.

His name has previously been

mistakenly interpreted as "O Nabu,

defend my kudurru", in which sense a

kudurru is an inscribed stone deed of

property. However, when containedin a ruler's title, kudurru

approximates to "firstborn son" or

"oldest son.

Nebuchadnezzar


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Nebuchadnezzar


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The Hanging Garden of Babylon

The Lost Civilization


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Daniel Interpreting Nebuchadnezzar's Dream


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Daniel was a righteous man of princely lineage and lived about506-538 B.C. He was carried off to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar,

the Assyrian, but was still living when Assyria was overthrownby the Medes and Persians.

In spite of the "captivity" of the Jews, Daniel enjoyed thehighest offices of state at Babylon, but he was ever true toJerusalem. His enemies (under the Persian monarch) got a

penal law passed against any one who "asked a petition of anygod or man for 30 days" except the Persian King.

But Daniel continued true to Jerusalem. "His windows beingopen in his chambers towards Jerusalem, he kneeled upon hisknees three times a day, and prayed, and gave thanks before

his God, as he did a foretime.

Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Quran, Text, Translation andCommentary.14,


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We have sent you forth as nothing but mercy to people of the whole world

An Anbia: 120


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Prophethood - IdolismIdolatry is a pejorative term for theworship of an idol, a physical object

such as a cult image, as a god orpractices believed to verge on worship,such as giving undue honour and

regard to created forms other than God


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`And We lead the Children of Israel across the sea: and then they

came upon a people who were devoted to the worship of their idols.

They said; `O Moses, make for us a god even as they have gods.

Moses said; `You are indeed an ignorant people Al Araf 138


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Prophet + Messenger + Patriarch + Leader

AdamNohIbrahimLutIsmail

IshakYusuf (Prime Minister)AyubMusaHarunDaud (King)

Sulaiman (King)IsaMuhammad


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Prophet of Muhammad s.a.w

the last messenger


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Say to them, (O Muhammad) Holy is my Lord! Am I

anything else than a human being, who bears a

Message (from Allah)Al Isra:93


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They say; Why were signs (mukjizat) from his Lord

not sent down upon him? Say: The Signs are only

with Allah. As for me, I am no more than a plain

warner. Does it not suffice for them (as a Sign) thatWe revealed to you the Book that is recited to them?

Surely there is mercy and good counsel in it for

those who believeal Ankabut :50-51


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Abu Bakr said, "If anyone worshippedMuhammad, then know that

Muhammad is dead, but if anyoneworshipped Allah, then Allah is livingand does not die."


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Abu Bakr then recited these words from the Qur'an:

"Muhammad is but a messenger; messengers (the like of

whom) have passed away before him. If, then, he dies or

is killed, will you turn back on your heel?"


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Today I have perfected your religion, andcompleted my favours for you and chosen

Islam as a religion for you. al Maidah:3


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agama


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- Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka

menganut (submit) mengikut sesuatu ajaran

(doctrine, thought, teaching, theory) fahamandsb

anutan sesuatu yg dianut; pegangan; ikutan

(follow). penganutan perihal atau perbuatanmenganut

salah satu fenomena sosial (socialphenomenon), penganut pengikut sesuatu

ajaran (followers of belief), fahaman dsb;


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Agama

Agama is a Sanskrit term for scripturesof Buddhism, Jainism, and Hinduism. In

Buddhism, the term agama is used torefer to a collection of discourses.

Religion


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Religion

A set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature,and purpose of the universe, especially whenconsidered as the creation of a superhumanagency or agencies, usually involvingdevotional and ritual observances, and often

containing a moral code governing theconduct of human affairs.

A specific fundamental set of beliefs and

practices generally agreed upon by a numberof persons or sects


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Christianity

Christianity is more than a religion; it is a relationship with JesusChrist. John 15:9 says, As the Father has loved me, so have Iloved you. Now continue in my love. John 15:15, I have calledyou friends. John 17:24, Father, I want those you have givenme to be with me where I am. John 15:13, Greater love hasno one than this that he lay down his life for his friends. InJohn 10, Jesus makes several statements demonstrating Hisdeep love for us --I am the good shepherd. The goodshepherd lays down his life for the sheep. I know my sheep andmy sheep know me -- and I lay down my life for the sheep.

Jesus summarized the true meaning of religion in Matthew22:37-40, Love the Lord your God with all your heart and withall your soul and with all your mind. Love your neighbor asyourself.


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Say, Verily, I am commanded to serve Allah with

sincere devoting.Al Zumar :11


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In Arabic language, the Ad Din conveys

fundamental concepts:The dominion and control of the powerful(Governance and sovereignty)Obeisance, surrender and compliance by one

who has accepted the dominion of the personin powerRules, regulations and a code that a personhas to comply with (A systems of thought and

life that develops under its dominion andcontrol)Accountability, verdict, punishment andreward


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What the meaning of Islam?


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peace,purity,submissionjudgingrewarding

punishingwaylawConstitutionthe collection of moralspiritual,

worldly principles,systemway of conductservanthood,order



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Definition of Islamic Science

Islamic Science is that scientificactivity which takes place ultimately

within the Islamic worldview (whichcan be identified also as Islamic

conceptual environment); but as anextension of it directly within the

Islamic scientific conceptual scheme(which can be identified also as theIslamic context of science).


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Samiris Cow near Petra, Jordan


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Prophethood - Idolism

Idolatry is a pejorative term for the worship of an idol, a physical

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