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2007 http//www.ethiopianchamber.com

ELSE ADDIS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT PLC

Vertically integrated textile factoryGrade 1 construction

Machinery rental

ELSE ADDIS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT PLC

Bole Sub City Addis Ababa – Ethiopia Tel / fax: +251 116 632 845/852

OMO VALLEY FARM COOPERATION PLC

OMO VALLEY FARM COOPERATION PLC FULLY MECHANIZED

COTTON FARM OMO VALLY FARM COOPERATION PLC

Address:-BOLE SUB CITY WOREDA 03 ADDIS

ABABA ETHIOPIATel - +251 116 63 28 45/37

Fax - +251 116 63 28 52

Elilly International HotelTel: +251 115 587 777 / 70 Fax: +251 115 585 200

E mail: [email protected]: www.elillyhotel.com

Kazanchis, Kirkos Sub city 17/18, PO Box 29228 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Your First Choice in Hospitality!

3

ጥቅምት 2007 ዓ.ም2 3ጥቅምት 2007 ዓ.ም

መልካም ሳምንት ለተሳታፊዎች!

የኢትዮ-ቻምበር ዓለም አቀፍ የንግድ ትርዒት “የኢትዮጵያን ይግዙ”በሚል መሪ ቃል ከዛሬ ጥቅምት 27 ቀን 2007ዓ.ም. ጀምሮ ለ7 ተከታታይ ቀናት በኤግዚብሽን ማዕከል ይካሄዳል፡፡የኢትዮ-ቻምበር ዓለም አቀፍ የንግድ ትርዒት መሪ ቃሉን ሳይቀይር “የኢትዮጵያን ይግዙ” በሚል ዘንድሮን ጨምሮ ላለፉት ሰባት ዓመታት ሲካሄድ ቆይቷል፡፡ ይህም የሆነበት ዓብይ ምክንያት የሀገራችንን ምርቶች አሳንሶ የማየትና በሀገር ውስጥ ምርትና አገልግሎት የመጠቀም ልምዱና ባህሉ ስለሌለን በመሆኑ ሲሆን ይህን አመለካከት ማምጣት እጅግ አስፈላጊ እንደሆነ የኢትዮጵያ የንግድና ዘርፍ ማኅበራት ምክር ቤት አጥብቆ ስለሚያምን ነው፡፡

ይህ አመለካከት በአንድ ጀምበር እንደማይቀየር ይታወቃል፡፡በመሆኑም ምርቶቻችን በዓለም አቀፍ ገበያ ብቻ ሳይሆን በሀገር ውስጥም ተመራጭና ተወዳዳሪ ሆነው ብቅ ማለት እስኪችሉ ድረስ ጥረቱ ይቀጥላል፡፡

የሀገራችን ምርቶችና አገልግሎቶች ምንም እንኳን የጥራት ደረጃቸው እያደገና እየተሻሻለ የሚገኝ ቢሆንም ይህን አሉታዊ አመለካከት መቀየር ገና በእጅጉ ሊሰራበት የሚገባው ጉዳይ ነው፡፡ ለአብነት ያህል የሀገር ውስጥ የጫማና የቆዳ ውጤቶች በሌላው ዓለም ያላቸው ተቀባይነት ከጊዜ ወደ ጊዜ እያደገ ቢሆንም በህዝባችን ዘንድ ግን አሁንም ከውጭ የሚመጡ ተመሳሳይ ምርቶችን አስበልጦ የማየት ሁኔታ ይስተዋላል፡፡ በመሰረቱ አንድ ምርት ተመራጭ ሊሆን የሚችለው የሀገሪቱ ኢኮኖሚን ደረጃ መሰረት በማድረግ ሳይሆን ምርቱ ያለው ውበትና ለምርቱ ግብዓትነት የዋሉት ጥሬ እቃዎችን ጥንካሬና የጥራት ደረጃ መሰረት አድርጎ መሆን ይገባዋል፡፡

ይህ ሳይሆን በመቅረቱ አንድ የአውሮፓን ጫማ ከሀገር ውስጥ ስናወዳድር የአውሮፓው የተሻለ ሊሆን እንደሚችል በመገመት ብቻ በከፍተኛ ዋጋ መግዛት በህብረተሰባችን ውስጥ በእጅጉ ሰፍኖ ይገኛል፡፡በሀገር ምርትና አገልግሎት መኩራት ‘በኢትዮጵያዊነቴ እኮራለሁ’ ብሎ ማመን ነው፡፡

ከዚህ ጎን ለጎን አምራችና አገልግሎት ሰጪ ድርጅቶቻችንም ዘወትር የጥራት ደረጃቸውን በማሳደግ ዓለም አቀፍ ገበያን ትኩረት አድርገው ሊንቀሳቀሱ ይገባል፡፡ ኢትዮጵያ የዓለም የንግድ ድርጅት አባልነት ጥያቄ አቅርባ የድርጅቱ አባል ለመሆን በርካታ ተስፋ ሰጪ ሁኔታዎች እየታዩ ባለበት በአሁኑ ሰዓት የሀገራችን ኩባንያዎች የብቃትና የተወዳዳሪነት አቅማቸውን ማጎልበት በእጅጉ ይጠበቅባቸዋል፡፡ ተወዳዳሪ መሆን ካልቻሉ እየከሰሙ የሚሄዱበትና በሌሎች ሀገራት ምርቶች የሚዋጡበት ሁኔታ መፈጠሩ የማይቀር ስለሆነ ከወዲሁ ቆም ብለው ሊያስቡበት ይገባል፡፡ የፋይናንስ አቅማቸውን ለማጎልበት እንዲቻልና የገበያ ፍላጎታቸውን በሀገር ውስጥም ሆነ በውጭ ሀገር ማሟላት እጅግ አስፈላጊ በመሆኑ ነው ካለፉት 7 ዓመታት ጀምሮ ምክር ቤቱ “የኢትዮጵያን ይግዙ” በሚል መሪ ቃል የኢትዮጵያ ምርቶቻችን አገልግሎቶችን ለመላው ዓለም የማስተዋወቅ ጥረት እያደረገ ያለው፡፡ በዚህ ረገድ የንግድ ትርዒቱ ተሳታፊዎች ፣ ስፖንሰሮች ዓለም አቀፍ አጋሮችና መንግሥት እያደረጉት ስላለው ድጋፍ ምክር ቤቱ አክብሮትና ምስጋናውን እየገለፀ መልካም የሥራና የስኬት ሳምንት ለኤግዚብሽኑ ተሳታፊዎች በሙሉ ይመኛል!!!


የኢትዮጵያ የንግድና ዘርፍ ማኅበራት ምክር ቤት “የኢትዮጵያን ይግዙ” በሚል መሪ ቃል ያዘጋጀው 7ኛው የኢትዮ-ቻምበር ዓለም አቀፍ የንግድ ትርዒት ከጥቅምት 27-ህዳር 3 ቀን 2007ዓ.ም. በኤግዚብሽን ማዕከል በታላቅ ድምቀትና ልዩ ልዩ ፕሮግራሞች ይካሄዳል፡፡ ይህንን አስመልክቶ ጥቅምት 27 ቀን 2007ዓ.ም በኢትዮጵያ የንግድና ዘርፍ ማኅበራት ምክር ቤት መሰብሰቢያ አዳራሽ የምክር ቤቱ ዋና ፀሀፊ አቶ ጋሻው ደበበ ከመንግስትና ከግል ለተወጣጡ ጋዜጠኞች ጋዜጣዊ መግለጫ ሰጥተዋል፡፡

አቶ ጋሻው እንዳሉት በኢትዮጵያ

ኤግዚብሽኑ በክቡር ዶክተር ደብረፅዮን ገ/ሚካኤል ም/ጠቅላይ ሚንስትር የኢኮኖሚ ክላስተር አስተባባሪና የኢንፎርሜሽን ኮሚዩኒኬሽን ቴክኖሎጂ ሚንስትር የሚከፈት ሲሆኑ በእለቱ በርካታ ሚንስትሮች፣ ከፍተኛ የመንግስት የሥራ ኃላፊዎች፣ አምባሳደሮች፣ ዲፕሎማቶችና ታዋቂ ግለሰቦችና ተጋባዥ እንግዶች ይገኛሉ፡፡

በ7ኛው የኢትዮ-ቻምበር ዓለም አቀፍ የንግድ ትርዒት ከ200 በላይ የሀገር ውስጥና የውጭ ኩባንያዎች የተመዘገቡ ሲሆን ጃፓን፣ ቱርክ፣ ሱዳን፣ ቻይናን ጨምሮ ከ10 ሀገሮች የተወጣጡ አምራችና

7ኛው የኢትዮ-ቻምበር ዓለም አቀፍ የንግድ ትርዒት አስመልክቶ የተሰጠ ጋዜጣዊ መግለጫ

አገልግሎት ሰጪ ኩባንያዎች በንግድ ትርዒቱ ተሳታፊ ይሆናሉ፡፡ የውጭ ሀገር ኩባንያዎች ከጠቅላላ ተሳታፊዎች 40 ያህል ናቸው፡፡

በአነስተኛና ጥቃቅን የተሰማሩ ወጣቶች መጠነኛ ቅናሽ ተደርጎላቸው የሚሳተፉ ሲሆኑ ከዚህ ቀደም ከተካሄዱት መሰል የንግድ ትርዒቶች ጋር ሲወዳደር በዚህ ረገድ ቤቱም ከፍተኛ ዝግጅት የተደረገበት ነው፡፡ የዘንድሮው የንግድ ትርዒት ከአምናው ጋር በቁጥር ሲነፃፀር ከ60 በላይ ተጨማሪ ኩባንያዎችን ማሳተፍ የተቻለበት ነው፡፡

የዘንድሮው የኢትዮ-ቻምበር ዓለም አቀፍ የንግድ ትርዒት በተለይ አዳዲስ የተለያዩ ለግብርናና ኢንዱስትሪ ዘርፍ ጠቃሚ የሆኑ የፈጠራ ውጤት ያሏቸው 15 ኢትዮጵያዊ ወጣቶችን ያለምንም ክፍያ ምርቶቻቸውን የማስተዋወቅና የገበያ እድል እንዲያገኙ ለማስቻል በኤግዚብሽኑ ተሳታፊ እንዲሆኑ ትኩረት የተሰጠበት መሆኑ አንዱ የዘንድሮው የንግድ ትርዒት አይነተኛ መለያው ነው፡፡

ምክር ቤቱ የነዚህ ወጣቶች የፈጠራ ውጤቶች ለሀገራችን ኢኮኖሚ ያለውን ጉል ሚና ከግምት ውስጥ በማስገባት ለወጣቶቹ አንድ ሰፊ የማሳያ ቦታ የመደበ ሲሆን ከዚህ ጎን ለጎን አነስተኛና ጥቃቅን ተቋማትንም ለመደገፍ 40 በመቶ ቅናሽ የክፍያ ቅናሽ አድርገዋል፡፡

ከፈጠራ ውጤቶቻቸው መሀከል የቡና ማጠቢያ ማሽን፣ የውሀ ማጣሪያ ማሽንና ባህላዊ የቢራ መጥመቂያ ማሽኖች ተጠቃሽ ናቸው፡፡

የጎብኚዎችን ቁጥር ለማበራከት የመግቢያ ክፍያ እንዳይኖር የተደረገ

ሲሆን መንግስታዊና መንግስታዊ ያልሆኑ ድርጅቶች እንዲሁም ከአዲስ አበባና ዩኒቲ የዩኒቨርስቲዎች፣ የሁለተኛ ደረጃ ትምህርት ቤት ተማሪዎች ንግድ ትርዒቱን እንዲጎበኙ የሚደረግበት ፕሮግራምም ተይዟል፡፡

በተጨማሪም የንግድ ሚንስቴር፣ ኢንዱስትሪ ሚንስቴር እና የኢትዮጵያ ኢንቨስትመንት ኤጀንሲ ሰራተኞች የንግድ ትርዒቱን እንዲጎበኙ ፕሮግራም ተይዟል፡፡

በተጨማሪም በኤግዚብሽኑ ተሳትፎ ያደረጉ የሀገር ውስጥና የውጭ ኩባንያዎች በሒልተን ሆቴል ህዳር 3 ቀን 2007ዓ.ም.የአቻ ለአቻ ውይይት የሚያደርጉ ሲሆን በእለቱ በምርጥ አቀራረባቸው የተመረጡ ድርጅቶችና የንግድ ትርዒቱ ስፖንሰሮች ሽልማት ይሰጣቸዋል፡፡

በምክር ቤቱ የንግድ ትርዒት ማስተባበሪያ ጽ/ቤት እንደገለፀው ኢግዚብሽኑ በሚቆይባቸው ስድስት ተከታታይ ቀናት ከመደበኛው የአቻ ለአቻ ውይይቶች በተጨማሪ ተሳታፊዎች በራሳቸው ተነሳሽነት እርስ በእርስ የሚገናኙበትን መድረክ ማመቻቸት ከፍተኛ ትኩረት የሚሰጠው ነው፡፡በመጨረሻም ከጋዜጠኞች ለቀረቡ ጥያቄዎች ዋና ፀሐፊው ማብራሪያ ሰጥተዋል፡፡

7ኛውን የኢትዮ-ቻምበር ዓለም አቀፍ የንግድ ትርዒት የኢትዮጵያ ንግድ ባንክ፣ቴክኖ ሞባይል እና የኢትዮጵያ አየር መንገድ አንደኛ ደረጃ የፕላቲንየም ስፖንሰር ፣ ኮካኮላ ኩባንያ ሁለተኛ ደረጃ ስፖንሰር እንዲሁምሬዲዮ ፋና እና የተባበሩት መንግሥታት የኢንዱስትሪ ድርጅት (UNIDO) በአጋርነት ለንግድ ትርዒቱ ስኬታማነት ከምክር ቤቱ ጋር ሰርተዋል፡፡

የአርሶ አደሩን ምርትና ምርታማነት ለማሻሻልና በሽታን መቋቋም የሚችሉ የሰብል ዝርያዎች ላይ ትኩረት ሰጥቶ እየሰራ መሆኑን የሃዋሳ ግብርና ምርምር ማዕከል መስከረም 2/2007 አስታወቀ፡፡

ከምርምር ማዕከሉ የወጡና ምርታማነታቸው የተረጋገጡ የቦቆሎ፣ የቦሎቄ፣ ስኳር ድንች፣ የእንጨት ቦዬና ሌሎች የሰብል ዝርያዎች ላይ የብዜት ስራ በማከናወን ላይ መሆኑንም ገልፀዋል፡፡

ከማዕከሉ በወጡ ቶሎ የሚደርሱ የበቆሎ ዝርያ በመጠቀም ቀደም ሲል ከ10 እስከ 12 ኩንታል በሚያገኙት መሬት ላይ ከ20 እስከ 22 ኩንታል ማግኘታቸውን አርሶ አደሮች ተናግረዋል፡፡

የማዕከሉ ዋና ዳይሬክተር አቶ ገነነ ፀጋዬ እንደገለጹት ማዕከሉ የአምስት ዓመት የምርምርና የልማት ስትራቴጂ በመንደፍ የአርሶና አርብቶ አደሩን ችግር ፈቺ ምርምር ላይ ትኩረት ሰጥቶ እየሰራ ነው፡፡

የጥራጥሬ፣ስራ ስር ሰብሎችን ምርታማነት በመጨመር የአርሶ አደሩን የገቢ ምንጭ ለማሳደግ በሚያስችሉ ቦቆሎ፣ ቦሎቄ፣ ስኳር ድንች፣ገብስ፣ ስንዴና እንጨት ቦዬ ዝርያ ላይ የማባዛት ስራ በማካሄድ ላይ መሆኑን ተናግረዋል፡፡

ማዕከሉ በምርምር የተገኙ ዝርያዎችን ለማላመድ፣ለማስተዋወቅና ለማስፋፋት ትኩረት ሰጥቶ እየተሰራ ይገኛል ብለዋል፡፡

ማዕከሉ ከምርምር ስራ በተጨማሪ በሲዳማ፣በጌዴኦ፣ ወላይታና ጉራጌ ዞን፣በደራሼ፣ አማሮና ሌሎች ልዩ ወረዳዎች በሙከራ ጣቢያ፣ በገበሬዎች ማሰልጠኛና በተመረጡ አርሶ አደሮች ማሳ ላይ የምርምር ስራ በማካሄድ ላይ መሆኑን

በትግራይ ሰሜናዊ ምዕራብ ዞን ያለውን የውሀ ሀብት ለመስኖ ልማት በማዋል ከ71 ሺህ 500 ሄክታር የሚበልጥ መሬት ላይ አትክልትና ፍራፍሬ ለማልት መታቀዱን የዞኑ መስተዳድር ጥቅምት 22/2007 አስታወቀ።

የዞኑ ዋና አስተዳዳሪ የኢኮኖሚ ጉዳዮች አማካሪ አቶ ዘካርያስ ሽፈራው ዛሬ ለኢትዮጵያ ዜና አገልግሎት እንደገለፁት በበጋው ወቅት የከርሰ ምድርና ገፀ ምድር ውሀን በመጠቀም ለመስኖ ልማት ለማዋል ታቅዷል።

በአትክልትናና ፍራፍሬ፣ በቅመማቅ መምና ብርእ ሰብል ከሚለማው መሬት ከአስር ሚልዮን ኩንታል የሚበልጥ ምርት ለመሰብሰብ መታቀዱንም አስታውቀዋል።

በመስኖ ልማቱ ከ57 ሺህ ሴት የሚበልጡ አርሶ አደሮች ጨምሮ ከአንድ መቶ ሃያ ሺህ በላይ አርሶ አደሮች ተሳታፊ ይሆናሉ ብለዋል።

በዞኑ በበጋው ወቅት በሁለት ዙር በመስኖ ይለማል ተብሎ በእቅድ የተያዘው መሬት ከአለፈው ዓመት ተመሳሳይ ውቅት ጋር ሲነፃፀር ከ17 ሺህ ሄክታር በላይ

በትግራይ ሰሜናዊ ምዕራብ ዞን አትክልትና ፍራፍሬ

በመስኖ ለማልማት ታቅዷልብልጫ እንዳለው ገልጸዋል።

በመስኖ የሚለማው መሬት የጨመረው ባለፈው ዓመት በግንባታ ላይ የነበሩት ሦስት አነስተኛና ሁለት መካከለኛ የመስኖ ግድቦች ወደ ማልማት በመግባታቸውና እያንዳንዱ የመስኖ ልማት ተጠቃሚ አርሶ አደር አንድና ከዛ በላይ የውሀ አማራጭ ባለቤት በመሆኑ እንደሆነ ገልፀዋል።

ለመስኖ ልማቱ የሚካሄደው የተሻሻሉ የውሀ ቴክኖሎጂዎች በስፋት በመጠቀም እንደሆነ የተናገሩት አማካሪው 41ሺህ 737 ኩንታል የፋብሪካና 929ሺህ 272 ኩንታል የተፈጥሮ ማዳበሪያና ሁለት ሺህ 146 ኩንታል ምርጥ ዘር መዘጋጀቱን አስታውቀዋል።

እስካሁንም ከስድት ሺህ ሄክታር የሚበልጥ መሬት በተለያየ አትክልትና ፍራፍሬ መሸፈኑን ገልፀዋል።

ባለፈው ዓመት የበጋ ወቅት በመስኖ ከለማው 54 ሺህ 304 ሄክታር መሬት ላይ ከሰባት ሚልዮን ኩንታል የሚበልጥ ምርት መሰብሰቡ ቀደም ሲል መገለጡ የሚታወስ ነው። (ኢዜአ)

በምርታማ ዝርያዎች ላይ ምርምር እየተካሄደ ነው

ገልፀዋል፡፡በማዕከሉ የሰብል ምርምር የስራ ሂደት

ተወካይና ተመራማሪ አቶ ተስፋዬ ታደሰ

በወንዶ ማልጋ 65 ሄክታር መሬት ላይ የቦቆሎና ቦሎቄ ዝርያ፣ ከዲላና አማሮ ንዑስ ምርምር ማዕከል ጋር በመተባበር በዲላ 12 ሄክታር መሬት ላይ የመኖ ዘርና እንጨት ቦዬ ዝርያ ማባዛት ስራ እያካሄደ መሆኑን ተናግረዋል፡፡

በሲዳማ ዞን ቦርቼ ወረዳ ስድስት ሄክታር መሬት ላይ በሄክታር እስከ 540 ኩንታል ምርት የሚሰጥ የስኳር ድንች ዝርያ በአርሶ አደርና በማሰልጠኛ ጣቢያዎች እያባዛ መሆኑን አስታውቀዋል፡፡

ምርታማነታቸው የተረጋገጠ የቦቆሎ፣ ቦሎቄ፣ አኩሪ አተርና ሌሎች ዝርያዎችን በሲዳማ ዞን፣በሃላባ ልዩ ወረዳ ፣ጉራጌና ሃዲያ ዞን 24 ቀበሌ ለ500 አርሶ አደሮች ማሰራጨቱን አቶ ተስፋዬ ተናግረዋል፡፡

ከኢትዮጵያ ግብርና ምርምር ኢንስትቲዩት፣ከደቡብ ክልል ምርጥ ዘር ድርጅት እንዲሁም ከተለያዩ የምርምር ማዕከላት ጋር በቅንጅት እየሰራ እንደሚገኝ አስታውቀዋል፡፡ ማዕከሉ እስካሁን ሰባት የቦቆሎ ፣ አምስት የቦሎቄ፣ ስድስት የእንጨት ቦዬ ዝርያን ጨምሮ የጥራጥሬና ስራስር ዝርያ መለቀቁን በመግለጽ ቀጣይ በስንዴ፣በገብስና ሌሎች የስራ ስር ዝርያ ሰብሎች ላይ ሰፋ ያለ የምርምር ስራ በማካሄድ ላይ መሆኑን አቶ ተስፋዬ ተናግረዋል፡፡

በሀላባ ልዩ ወረዳ ገደባ ቀበሌ ነዋሪ አርሶ አደር ሻንቆ ማካንጎ እንደገለጹት ከማዕከሉ የወጡ ቶሎ የሚደርሱ የቦቆሎ ዝርያዎችን በመጠቀም ቀደም ሲል ከ10

እስከ 12 ኩንታል በሚያገኙት ማሳ ላይ ከ20 እስከ 22 ኩንታል ምርት ማግኘታቸውን ገልፀዋል፡፡

የዋንጃ ቀበሌ ነዋሪ አርሶ አደር ሱልጣን አብደላ ማዕከሉ በምርምር ያገኛቸውን

ምርጥ ዘር ብቻ ሳይሆን መሬትን ሳያርሱ የማልማት ቴክኖሎጂ በማስተዋወቁ

ምርታማነታቸው መጨመሩን ተናግረዋል፡፡በሲዳማ ዞን በሃዋሳ ዙሪያ ወረዳሪ

አርሶ አደር ዮሐንስ ጉዴታ በምርምር የተገኘ ዴሜ የተሰኘ የቀይ ቦሎቄ ዘር በመጠቀም ቀደም ሲል ሰባት ኩንታል ከሚያመርቱት መሬት ላይ ከ18 እስከ 20 ኩንታል ማግኘታቸውን ገልፀዋል፡፡

(ኢዜአ)


በቢሾፍቱ ከተማ ያለው የኢንቨስትመንት ፍሰት ከ12 ቢሊዮን ብር በላይ መድረሱን የከተማዋ አስተዳደር አስታወቀ።የከተማዋ ከንቲባ አቶ ከፍያለው አያና ለኢትዮጵያ ዜና አገልግሎት እንደተናገሩት ከ484 በላይ የአገር ውስጥና የውጭ ባለሃብቶች በተለያዩ የኢንቨስትመንት አማራጮች ተሰማርተዋል።በአዲሱ የከተማዋ ፍኖተ ካርታ መሰረት ከተማዋ የ8 ሃይቆችና የ23 ሪዞርቶች ባለቤት መሆንዋ ተከትሎ የጎብኚዎች ቁጥር ከጊዜ ወደ ጊዜ እየጨመረ መጥቷል።አዲስ አበባ የዓለም አቀፍ ጉባኤዎች መገኛ

በቢሾፍቱ ከተማ 12 ቢሊዮን ብር ካፒታል ያስመዘገቡ ባለሃብቶች

እየተንቀሳቀሱ ነው

እየሆነች መምጣቷና ቢሾፍቱ በቅርበት በመገኘትዋ ለኢንቨስትመንት ፍሰቷ ዕድገት አስተዋጽኦ አድርጎል ነው ያሉት ከንቲባው፡፡አዳማ አዲስ አበባ የፍጥነት መንገድ ተጠቃሚ በመሆንዋና የከተማዋ ተፈጥራዊ ልምላሜና የመሰረተ ልማት ዝርጋታ ለከተማዋ የኢንቨስትመንት ፍሰት ዕድገት በምክንያትነት ተቀምጧል።የከተማው ሰላምና ፀጥታ መሰፈን ለኢንቨስትመንቱ ልማትና ዕድገት የላቀ አሰተዋጽኦ እያበረከተ መሆኑን የገለጹት ከንቲባው የኢንቨስትመንት ፍሰቱን

ተከተሎ በርካታ ቁጥር ያላቸው የአካባቢው ነዋሪዎች በሰራ ዕድሉ ፈጠራ ተጠቃሚ መሆን ችለዋል።በዚህም ምክንያት ከ45 ሺህ በላይ ለሚሆኑ ዜጎች የሰራ ዕድል መፍጠሩን ገልፀዋል።ባለሃብቶቹ በአብዛኛው በቱሪዝም፣ ግብርና፣ በማምረቻ ኢንዱስትሪ ዘርፍና ንግድ የተሰማሩ ናቸው ብለዋል፡፡አቶ ሽመልስ ደስታ በቢሾፍቱ ከተማ በሆቴል ኢንዱስትሪ ኢንቨሰትመንት የተሰማሩ ባለሃብቶች ናቸው መንግስት ኢንቨስትመንቱን ለመሳብና ለባለሃብቱ ከፍተኛ ድጋፍ እያደረገ መሆኑን ይናገራሉ።በተለይ የኦሮሚያ የኢንቨስትመንት ቢሮና የከተማዋ አስተዳደር ኢንቨስትመንቱን ለመሳብ ከባለሃብቱና ከሕዝቡ ጋር በጋራ ተቀራርቦ እየሰራ መሆኑን ተናግረዋል።በተመሳሳይ መልኩ ወይዘሮ ቅደስት ተፈራ በቢሾፍቱ በሆቴልና በሪዞርት ኢንቨስትመንት እንደተሰማሩና በአሁኑ ወቅት አዲስ የማስፋፍያ ግንባታ ላይ እንደሚገኙ ገልፀዋል።በዚህም ለ500 የአገሪቱ ዜጎች የሰራ ዕድል መፍጠራቸውና በአገሪቱ የድህነት ቅነሳ፣ የውጭ ምንዛሬ በማሳደግና በአጠቃላይ ለቱሪዝም ኢንዱስትሪ ዕድገት የበኩላቸውን እየተወጡ መሆኑን ተናግረዋል።በመሆኑም መንግስት ምቹ የኢንቨስትመንት ፖሊሲ መኖሩና እንዲሁም የከተማው አስተዳደር ከባለሃብቱ ጋር ያለውን ቅንጅትና የተለያዩ አገሮችን ልምዶች ለመውሰድ የሚያደርገውን ጥረት አድንቀዋል።(ኢዜአ)

የፌዴራል ጥቃቅንና አነስተኛ ኢንተርፕራይዞች ልማት ኤጀንሲ በተያዘው በጀት ዓመት ከሶስት ሚሊዮን በላይ ለሚሆኑ ዜጎች የስራ እድል ለመፍጠር መዘጋጀቱን ጥቅምት 21/2007 አስታወቀ።

በህዝብ ተወካዮች ምክር ቤት የከተማ ልማትና ኮንስትራክሽን ጉዳዮች ቋሚ ኮሚቴ የፌዴራል ጥቃቅንና አነስተኛ ኢንተርፕራይዞች ልማት ኤጀንሲ አጠቃላይ የ2007 በጀት ዓመት የመጀመሪያው ሩብ ዓመት ዕቅድ አፈጻጸም ገምግሟል።

የኤጀንሲው ዋና ዳይሬክተር አቶ ገብረመስቀል ጫላ በዚሁ ወቅት እንደገለጹት በበጀት ዓመቱ በመላው አገሪቱ የስራአጥ ዜጎችን ቁጥር ለመቀነስ በትኩረት ይሰራል። ዋና ዳይሬክተሩ እንደገለጹት ኤጀንሲው በበጀት ዓመቱ ሰፊ የስራ ዕድል ፈጠራዎችን፣ የአንድ መዕከል አገልግሎትን እንዲሁም ከኢንዱስተሪዎች ጋር ጠንከራ ግንኙነት ለመፍጠር ይሰራል።

‹›በዘርፉ የሚታዩትን ችግሮች ለመ ቅረፍ ተከታታይ ስልጠናዎች ይሰጣሉ›› ያሉት ዋና ዳይሬከተሩ በሺዎች የሚቆጠሩ ኢንተርፕራይዞች የደረጃ እድገት ይሰጣ ቸዋልም ብለዋል። እየተፈጠሩ ያሉትን የስራ እድሎች ወደ ቋሚነት ለመቀየር ምን የታሰበ ነገር አለ፣ የብደር አቅርቦቱ በምን ደረጃ ላይ ይገኛል፣ ለኢንተርፕራዞች የገበያ ትስስረ የመፍጠሩ ስራ እንዴት እየተከናወነ ነው የሚሉ ጥያቄዎች ከቋሚ ኮሚቴው ተነስተዋል።

የስራ እድሎችን ወደ ቋሚነት ለመቀየር የቍጠባ ባህሉ እንዲያድግ

በግረእግዚዓብሔር አርዓያ እንዳሉት ዘርፉ የአገሪቱ የእድገት መሰረት እንዲሁም ፍትሀዊ የኃብት ክፍፍል ምንጭ በመሆኑ ኤጀንሲው አበረታች ስራዎች በመስራት ላይ ይገኛል።

ለስራ አድል ፈጠራ የተሰጠው ትኩረት አመርቂ ከመሆኑም ባሻገር ኤጀንሲው ድህነትን የሚታገል ዜጋ በመፍጠር ረገድ የማይተካ ሚና በመጫወት ላይ እንደሚገኘም ገልጸዋል።

ሰብሳቢው እንድተናገሩት የበጀት ዓመቱ እድገትና ትራንስፎርሜሽን እቅድ ዓመት መጠናቀቂያ በመሆኑ ኤጀንሲው በእቅዱ መሰረት ስራዎችን እያከናወነ ይገኛል።

ኤጀንሲው የካይዘን የአሰራር ፍልስፍናን ተግባራዊ ከማድረግ ረገድ እንዲሁም የፈጻሚዎችን አቅም ለማሳደግ እየተከነወኑ ያሉት ተግባራት ተጠናክረው

በተያዘው በጀት ዓመት ከሶስት ሚሊዮን በላይ ለሚሆኑ ዜጎች የስራ እድል ይፈጠራል

እየተሰራ ነው ያሉት ዋና ዳይሬከተሩ በዚህም የኢንተርፕራይዞች የቁጠባ መጠን 80 በመቶ እንደደረሰ ገልጿል።

ኤጀንሲው በተለይ የውጪ የገበያ እድሎችን ለመፍጠር ኤክስፖርተሮችን ጨምሮ ከተለያዩ ባለድረሻ አከላት በቅርብ ሆኖ እየሰራ መሆኑን ዋና ዳይሬክተሩ ጨምረው ገልጸዋል።

የቋሚ ኮሚተው ሰብሳቢ አቶ

ከፍተኛ...ከገጽ 1 የዞረ...

ሰሎሞንን ሀሳብ በመጋራት የሁለቱ ሀገራትን የንግድ ማኅበረሰብ ለማቀራረብና በሁለቱ ሀገራት መሀከል የንግድ ቁርኝት ለመፍጠር ኤምባሲያቸው በርካታ ዝግጅቶችን ማድረጉን ተናግረው በኢትዮጵያ የውጭ ጉዳይ፣ ኢንዱስትሪ፣ ንግድ ሚንስቴሮችና የኢትዮጵያ የኢንቨስትመንት ኤጀንሲ ሚንስትሮችና ከፍተኛ ኃላፊዎች የሚመራ የሚመራ የንግድ ልዑካንን በህዳር ወር አጋማሽ ወደ ፓኪስታን ይዞ ለመሄድ እንቅስቃሴ መጀመራቸውን ተናግረዋል፡፡

በፓኪስታን የአራት ቀናት ቆይታ የሚያደርገው የልዑካን ቡድኑ በተያዘለት ፕሮግራም መሰረት የአቻ ለአቻ ውይይቶች የሚያደርግ ሲሆን የመግባቢያ ሰነድም እንደሚፈረም ለመረዳት ተችሏል፡፡

በመጨረሻም በሁለቱ ሀገራት መሀከል የቢዝነስ ካውንስል እንዲመሰረት ሀሳብ ያቀረቡት ሚስተር ያወር አምባሳደሩ የኢትዮ-ፓኪስታን የቢዝነስ ካውንስል ለመመስረት የሚያስችለውን ረቅቅ ፕሮፖዛል ለአቶ ሰሎሞን አፈወርቅ አስረክበዋል፡፡

መቀጠል አለባቸው ነው ያሉት ሰብሳቢው።የተጠናከረ የልማት ሰራዊት

የመገንባት ስራዎች፣ ከባለድርሻ አካላት ጋር ያለው ቅንጅታዊ አሰራር እንዲሁም የኪራይ ሰብሳነት አመለካከትና ተግባራትን የመታገል ስራዎች በቀጣይ ትኩረት የሚሹ ጉዳዮች መሆናቸውን ሰብሳቢው ጠቁመዋል።

(ኢዜአ)


ከባቡሩ ግንባታው ጎን ለጎን እየተሰሩ ያሉ መንገዶች በመጪው ጥር ወር ተጠናቀው ሙሉ በሙሉ አገልግሎት መስጠት እንደሚጀምሩ የአዲስ አበባ መንገዶች ባለስልጣን ጥቅምት 21/2007 አስታወቀ።

ባለሥልጣኑ በምስራቅ ምዕራብና በሰሜን ደቡብ የቀላል ባቡር ፕሮጀክቶች ተከትሎ የሚሰሩትን መንገዶች በተያዘላቸው የጊዜ ገደብ አጠናቆ ለአገልግሎት ለማብቃት ከባለድርሻ አካላት ጋር በቅንጅት እየሰራ እንደሆነ ገልጿል።

የባለሥልጣኑ ዋና ስራ አስኪያጅ ኢንጀነር ፍቃዱ ኃይሌ ለኢትዮጵያ ዜና እንደገለጹት ለአገልግሎት የሚበቁት መንገዶች ከማዕድን ሚኒስቴር እስከ ኮካኮላ መገንጠያ ከአትክል ተራ እስከ ልደታ ያለውን መንገድ ነው።

በመንገድ ግንባታው አምስት የአገር ውስጥና የውጭ አገር ኮንትራክተሮች የተሳተፉ ሲሆን ከሶስት ቢሊዮን ብር በላይ ወጪ ተመድቦላቸው ግንባታቸው እየተካሄደ መሆኑን ገልጸዋል።

የመንገድ ስራው ከመንገዱ አቅራቢያ

ኢትዮጵያና ኢንዶኔዥያ በማምረቻ ኢንዱስትሪ መስክ ግንኙነታቸውን ማሳደግ እንዳለባቸው ፕሬዝዳንት ዶክተር ሙላቱ ተሾመ ገለጹ።

ፕሬዝዳንቱ የስራ ጊዜያቸውን ያጠናቀቁትን በኢትዮጵያ የኢንዶኔዥያ አምባሳደር ራምሊ ሳኡድ ጥቅምት 21/2007 አሰናብተዋል፡፡

ፕሬዝዳንት ሙላቱ በዚህ ወቅት እንደተናገሩት በኢንዲስትሪው መስክ በተለይም በማምረቻ ኢንዱስትሪው የካበተ ልምድ ካላት ኢንዶኔዥያ ኢትዮጵያም ተመሳሳይ ልምድ መቅሰም ትፈልጋለች ።

አገሮቹ በፈጣን የምጣኔ ሃብት ከናይጄሪያና ከፊሊፒንስ ጋር እየመጡ ያሉ አገሮች ስለሆኑ ግንኙነታቸውን ቢያጠናክሩ የበለጠ መስራት ይችላሉ ብለዋል።

ፕሬዝዳንት ዶክተር ሙላቱ አምባሳደሩ

ኢትዮጵያና ኢንዶኔዥያ በማምረቻ ኢንዱስትሪ መስክ ግንኙነታቸውን

ማሳዳግ አለባቸውበቆዩባቸው አመታት ሁለቱ ሃገራት ቴክኒካል ኮርፖሬሽን ስምምነት እንዲስማሙ ያደረጉትን ጥረት አድንቀው በኢትዮጵያ ስላለው የኢንቨስትመንት ዕድልና አማራጭ እንዲያስተዋውቁ ጠይቀዋል።

በኢትዮጵያ ላለፉት አራት አመታት ያገለገሉት ተሰናባቹ የኢንዶኔዥያ አምባሳደር ራምሊ ሳኡድ በበኩላቸው የሁለቱ አገራት ግንኙነት እንዲጠናከር ከተፈረመው ስምምነት ባሻገር የተደራራቢ ቀረጥ ማስወገጃና ወደ ጃካርታ የአየር መንገድ አገልግሎት ለመጀመር ስምምነቶችን ለመፈራረም ረቂቃቸው በሂደት ላይ ነው ።

አምባሳደሩ በቆይታቸው የአገሯቱ የህዝብና የንግድ ልውውጡ እንዲጠናከር የበኩላቸውን ጥረት እንዳደረጉ ጠቅሰው 70 ሚሊዮን የአሜሪካ ዶላር የነበርው የሁለቱ አገራት የንግድ ልውውጥ ወደ 380 ሚሊዮን የአሜሪካ ዶላር መድረሱን ገልጸዋል። በሣሙና ምርቱ የሚታወቅ የቢ 29 ሳሙና የኢንዶኒዥያ አምራች ኩባንያና የኢንዶሚ የምግብ አምራች ኩባንያ ሥራ መጀመራቸውንም አምባሳደሩ አመልክተዋል።

ሌሎች የኢንዶኔዥያ ባለኃብቶችን ደግሞ በጨርቃ ጨርቅና በወረቀት ምርት ለማሳተፍ በጥናት ላይ መሆናቸውን ጠቁመው ተጨማሪ ባለሃብቶችን ለመሳብ እንደሚሰሩ ቃል ገብተዋል።

አምባሳደር ራምሊ እንደ አውሮፓዊያን አቆጣጠር በ1995 ዓ.ም ወደ ኢትዮጵያ መጥተው የተመለከቱት አስከፊ ገጽታ

አሁን በከፍተኛ ሁኔታ እንደተለወጠ ተናግረዋል።

በአገሪቱ ያለው የተረጋጋ ፖለቲካ፣ ጥሩ የሆነ ደህንነት፣ ኢንቨስተሮችን የሚያበረታቱ የህግ ማዕቀፎች መኖራቸውና የህብረተሰቡ እንግዳ ተቀባይነት ለውጡ እንዲመጣ ምክንያቶች ናቸው ሰሉ አስተያየታቸውን ሰጥተዋል።

የኢትዮጵያ ሚዲያ የሚዘግቡብት መንገድ የሌሎች አገሮች ኢንቨስተሮች በቂ መረጃ አግኝተው በአገር ውስጥ ኢንቨስት እንዲያደርጉ የሚያበረታታ ነው።

እንደ ኢትዮጵያ ዜና አገልግሎት በኢንዶኔዥያ ያለው ተቋም በሚያዘጋቸው ጉባዔዎች ላይ ስለ ኢትዮጵያ የሚሰጠው አስተያየት እንዲሰራጩና እንዲታተሙ ስለሚደረግ የኢንዶኔዥያ ባለሃብቶች ወደ ኢትዮጵያ መጥተው ኢንቨስት እንዲያደርጉ እያነሳሳቸው ነው።

የህዝብ ለህዝብ ግንኙነት በላቀ ደረጃ ለማሳደግ ኤምባሲው ኢትዮጵያውያንን የኢንዶኔዥያ ቋንቋ ትምህርት እንደሚያስተምርና በርካታ ኢትዮጵያውያን በኢንዶኔዥያ ነፃ የትምህርት ዕድል አግኝተው እንዲከታተሉ ማድረጋቸውን ገልጸዋል።

አምባሳደሩ በኢንዶኔዥያና በኢትዮጵያ መካከል ያለውን ሰፊ አብሮ የማደግ ዕድል ለማጠናከርም ጥሪ ከሚያደርግላቸው ተቋም ጋር አብረው ለመስራት ዝግጁ መሆናቸውን አረጋግጠዋል።

ኢንዶኔዥያ ኤምባሲዋን በአውሮፓ ውያኑ አቆጣጠር በ1961 በአዲስ አበባ ከፍታ ከኢትዮጵያ ጋር በወዳጅነት ብትቆይም በወታደራዊው ስርዓት ደርግ ወቅት በተፈጠረ የውስጥ ፖለቲካዊ ችግር ምክንያት ግንኙነታቸው ተቀዛቅዞ መቆየቱ ይታወሳል።

(ኢዜአ)

የባቡሩን ግንባታ ተከትለው እየተሰሩ ያሉ መንገዶች

በመጪው ጥር ወር ይጠናቀቃሉ

ካሉት መስሪያ ቤቶች ጋር የሚያገናኝ በመሆኑ የመስሪያ ቤቶቹ የመሰረተ ልማት አቅርቦት እንዳይቋረጥ ጥንቃቄ የተሞላበት ስራ እየተሰራ መሆኑን አብራርተዋል።

በተለይ ለመንገዱ ስራ ከመብራት ሃይል፣ ከቴሌ፣ ከውሃና ፍሳሽ መስሪያ ቤት፣ ከሴክተር መስሪያ ቤቶች ጋር ቅንጅታዊ ስራ በመሰራት ላይ መሆኑን አስረድተዋል።

በአካባቢው ያለውን የትራፊክ ፈሰት

መጨናናቅ እንዳይኖር ተለዋጭ የማስተንፈሻ መንገዶች በመስራት ችግሩን ለማቃለል ጥረት ተደርጓል።

የመንገዱ ግንባታ ሲጠናቀቅም አስፈላጊ በሆኑ አካባቢዎች ለእግረኛ መተላለፊያነት የሚያገለግሉ ድልድዮች እንደሚሰሩ ኢንጀነር ፍቃዱ አስታውቀዋል።

አሽከርካሪዎችም የባቡሩ ግን ባታ እስኪጠናቀቅ በተዘጋጁ ተለዋ ጭ መንገዶች በመጠቀምና ዝግ ብሎ በመንዳት የተለመደ ትብብራቸውን እንዲያደርጉ ተጠይቋል። ባለሥል ጣኑ በተያዘው በጀት ዓመት ያቀዳ ቸው ፕሮጀክቶች 170 ሲሆኑ ከእነዚህ ውስጥ 604 ኪሎ ሜትር

የአስፋልት፣ የጠጠርና የኮብል መንገድ ናቸው በዚህም የመዲናዋን የመንገድ መረብ አሁን ካለበት ወደ 19 ነጥብ 8 በመቶ እንደሚያደርሰው ይጠበቃል፡፡

ለመንገዱ ግንባታ 10 ነጥብ 1 ቢሊዮን ብር በጀት የተያዘለት ሲሆን ከከተማው አስተደዳር ከ6 ነጥብ 8 ቢሊዮን ብር በላይ በጀት መመደቡን መረጃዎች ይጠቁማሉ።

(ኢዜአ)

“ኢትዮጵያ...ከገጽ 7 የዞረ...

ማድረጋችንን ለመግለጽ የምንሞክርበት ነው፡፡ ማኅበራዊ ግዴታችንን በንቃት የመወጣት ኃላፊነታችንን የምናሳይበት መንገድ ነው፡፡ ከሦስት ዓመታቸው ጀምሮ በእኛ ተቋም ትምህርታቸውን መከታተል ከጀመሩ ሕፃናት መካከል ወደ ዩኒቨርሲቲ የገቡ ይገኛሉ፡፡ ወላጆች የሌላቸው ናቸው፡፡ አንዳንዶቹ እናታቸውን፣ አባታቸውን ወይም ደግሞ ሁለቱንም ወላጆቻቸውን ያጡ ናቸው፡፡ የድሃ ድሃ ናቸው፡፡ ስለዚህ እነሱን ለመርዳት

በየዓመቱ ወደዚህ እንመጣለን፡፡ እዚህ ቤት ስላለንም በየጊዜው እንመጣለን፡፡ ሳናቋርጥ የወሰድነውን ለማኅበረሰቡ መልሰን በመስጠት ላይ እንገኛለን፡፡

Tያቄ፡- ፒቲኤ ባንክን የዓለም ምርጡ ባንክ ለማድረግ አስበዋል፡፡ በደረጃ አውጪዎች ከፍተኛ ነጥብ የሚሰጠው ወይም ‹‹ትሪፕል ኤ›› የሚያገኝ ባንክ ይሆናል ማለትዎ ነው?

አቶ አድማሱ፡- እንደዚያ ማለቴ አይደለም፡፡ ባንኩን ቢያንስ ወደኢንቨስትመንት ባንክነት ደረጃ ለመውሰድ ነው የምናስበው፡፡ ይህም ማለት ባለሦስት ቢ ወይም ‹‹ትሪፕል ቢ›› የሚባለውን ደረጃ እንዲይዝ ለማድረግ ነው የምንሠራው፡፡ ፒቲኤ በአሁኑ ወቅት ‹‹ደብል ቢ›› ደረጃን ይዞ የሚገኝ ባንክ ነው፡፡ በርካታ አጋሮችን ለመሳብ ችለናል፡፡ ሆኖም አሁን ባገኘሁት ነገር ተደላድዬ መቀመጥን አልፈልግም፡፡ አፍሪካ በሰዎቿ ላይ ከፍተኛ ኢንቨስትመንት አካሂዳለች ብዬ አምናለሁ፡፡ ስለዚህ ከተቋሞቻችን ብዙ ነገር ማግኘት እንደምንችል የምናስብ ሰዎች ተመልሰን በመምጣት፣ አፍሪካ ያላትን ነገር ማስፋፋት እንዳለብን ይሰማኛል፡፡ አፍሪካ የልማት አጀንዳዎቿን ሊያጤኑ የሚችሉ የራሷን ባለድሎችና የራሷን ተቋማት የገነባች አኅጉር ናት፡፡ በርካታ አቅም ያላቸው አፍሪካውያን ስላሉም በጋራ ሆነን ማራኪ አኅጉር መገንባት እንችላለን፡፡ አንዳንድ ጊዜ በየአገሩ ያሉትን ሀብቶች በማጎልበት መሥራቱ ቀላል ሊሆን ይችላል፡፡ በእኔ ሥር ያሉት ሰዎች የፓን አፍሪካዊነት ስሜት ያላቸውና በበርካታ አገሮች ውስጥ ለብዙ ጊዜ የኖሩ ናቸው፡፡ ስለዚህ ሁላችንም ውስጥ የሚቀጣጠል ጥልቅ የሆነ ስሜት አለ፡፡ ሁላችንም የጋራ አመለካከት አለን፡፡ አንዳችን ስለሌላችን የሚያገባን፣ ስለሌላችን የሚገደን ነን፡፡ አንዳችን ስለሌሎች አገሮች ባለቤትነት ይሰማናል፡፡ ይኼ ነው በዓለም ምርጡን ተቋም የመመሥረት ዓላማው፡፡ ሰዎች ከልባቸው ነገሩን ተቀበውለውት ያገኙትን አጋጣሚ በመጠቀም በየአገሩ ልማትን ለማምጣት ይጠቀሙበታል ማለት ነው፡፡ በብሩንዲ ራሴን እንደ እንግዳ ወይም እንደ ውጭ ሰው አልመለከትም፡፡ በኬንያ ወይም በዚምባቡዌ እንግዳነት አይሰማኝም፡፡ በተለያዩ አገሮች ለበርካታ ዓመታት ኖሬያለሁ፡፡ የብዙዎቹን የልማት ተነሳሽነት ከልቤ እቀበለዋለሁ፡፡ ከትውልድ አገሬ ባሻገር ላሉት አገሮች የባለቤትነት ስሜት ይሰማኛል፡፡ ማንም ሰው እኔን በጠባብ አፍሪካዊነት ሊወነጅለኝ አይችልም፡፡ የበርካታ አገሮችን ባህልና አኗኗር እረዳለሁ፡፡ እንደ አገሬም እቆጥራቸዋለሁ፡፡ ባይተዋር አይደለሁም፡፡ ጋዜጠኛ ቢጠይቀኝ ምንም ሳልደናቀፍ ስለምጠየቀው የአፍሪካ አገር መናገር እችላለሁ፡፡ ስለዚህም ነው ባለድርሻዎቼ በእኔ ላይ እምነት የሚኖራቸው፡፡ ሰዎችን እኔን ለማመንና ከእኔ ጋር ለመሥራት የማይቸገሩት እውነተኛ አፍሪካዊ ልብ ስላለኝና በየትኛውም አገር ውስጥ ለመሥራት ከልብ የመነጨ ተነሳሽነት ስላለኝ ነው፡፡ ራሴን የምመለከተው እንደ ሉላዊ (ዩኒቨርሳሊስት) ሰው ነው፡፡


የወሩ እንግዳ

e

Tያቄ፡- ፈርጀ ብዙ የሚያስብል የትምህርትና የቋንቋ ችሎታ አለዎት፡፡ አምና ሽልማቶችን ለማግኘት መቻልዎ ከምክንያቶቹ አንዱ ይኼው ሰብዕናዎ ይሆን?

አቶ አድማሱ፡- አዎ! አምና በጣም ዕድለኛ ነበርኩ ማለት እችላለሁ፡፡ ሁለት ሽልማቶችን ተቀብያለሁ፡፡ አንደኛው ‹‹The Up and Coming Leader of the Year›› ተብሎ የሚጠራው ነው፡፡ በጃፓን ቶኪዮ በተካሄደው የዓለም ባንክና የዓለም ገንዘብ ድርጅት ስብሰባ ወቅት እገረ መንገዳቸውን ባካሄዱት የሽልማት ሥነ ሥርዓት ወቅት የተሰጠኝ ነው፡፡ ከሦስት ወራት ቆይታ በኋላ ሌላኛውን ሽልማት ለመቀበል ብሥራቱ ደርሶኛል፡፡ የዓመቱ የአፍሪካ ቢዝነስ መሪ (The Af-rican Business Leader of the Year) ሽልማትን ከሌሎች ሦስት አፍሪካውያን ጋር አግኝቻለሁ፡፡ አንደኛው የቅርብ ጓደኛዬና የሥራ አጋሬ ነበሩ፡፡ የኢትዮጵያ አየር መንገድ ዋና ሥራ አስፈጻሚ አቶ ተወልደ ገብረ ማርያም ከተሸለምነው ውስጥ አንዱ ነበሩ፡፡ ሁላችንም ምሥራቅ

አፍሪካን ወክለናል፡፡ እሳቸው ኢትዮጵያን ወክለዋል፡፡ እኔ የአፍሪካ ምስራቃዊና ደቡባዊ ክፍሎችን የሚያካልል ተቋም ውስጥ እገኛለሁ፡፡ ስለዚህ ዓምና ጥሩ ዓመት ነበር ማለት ነው፡፡ እ.ኤ.አ 2013 ከሽልማቶች ጋር ነው የጀመርነው፡፡ በኬፕ ታውን የዓመቱ የንግድና ፋይናንስ ባንክ የተሰኘውን ሽልማት አግኝተናል፡፡ ይኼም ለእኛ ተጨማሪ ትንግርት ሆኖልናል፡፡ ከባንኩ ጋር 18 ወራትን አስቆጥሬያለሁ፡፡ በጣም ፈጣኑ ጊዜም ነበር፡፡ በአጭር ጊዜ ውስጥ ብዙ ነገሮችን አሳክተናል፡፡ የባንኩ የቦርድ አባላትና የሥራ አጋሮቼ አብረውኝ ለመሥራት ተነሳስተው ነበር፡፡ በባንኩ ውስጥ ለመተግበር ያቀድኳቸውን አዳዲስ አስተሳሰቦች ተቀብለው ከባንኩ የአምስት ዓመት ዕቅድ ጋር ለመተግበር ፈቃዳቸው ሆኗል፡፡ አዳዲስ አስተሳሰቦችን ለማምጣትና ለመተግበር ብዙ ተጉዘናል፡፡ ባንኩ አዳዲስ ዓላማዎችን በመያዝ መሀል ላይ እንደ አገናኝ ሆኖ ከማገልገል ባሻገር፣ ፈንድ በማስተዳደርና ለደንበኞቻችን ምክር በመስጠት ጭምር ለመጓዝ የሚያስችለንን ዓላማ ይዘናል፡፡ ህልሜ ሁልጊዜም በዓለም ላይ ምርጥ ተብለው ከሚጠቀሱ አንዱ የሆነ አፍሪካዊ ተቋም መፍጠር ነው፡፡ ከየትኛውም ሥፍራ ይሁን ብቻ የአፍሪካን

“ኢትዮጵያ በመጪዎቹ አምስትና አሥር ዓመታት ውስጥ ስትራቴጂካዊ አጋር እንደሚያስፈልጋት አስባለሁ”አቶ አድማሱ ይልማ ታደሰ፣ የፒቲኤ ባንክ ፕሬዚዳንትና ዋና ሥራ አስፈጻሚ

ከሰላሳ ዓመት በላይ በፋይናንስ ኢንዱስትሪው ውስጥ የቆዩና ልምድ ያካበቱ ናቸው፡፡ በአፍሪካ፣ በአውሮፓና በሰሜን አሜሪካ ለበርካታ ዓመታት ኖረዋል፡፡በአራት ቋንቋዎች ይናገራሉ፤ ይሠራሉ፡፡ አማርኛን ጨምሮ እንግሊዝኛ፣ ፈረንሳይኛና ዓረብኛ አቀላጥፈው ይናገራሉ፡፡ በኢኮኖሚክስና በቢዝነስ አድሚኒስትሬሽን ሁለት የማስትሬት ዲግሪዎችንም ይዘዋል፡፡ ሐርቫድን ጨምሮ በተለያዩ ዓለም አቀፍ የትምህርት ተቋማት የአካዳሚ ዕውቀታቸውን አዳብረዋል፡፡ ከኢትዮጵያ እስከ ደቡብ አፍሪካ ከዚያም በሻገር በተለያዩ ዓለም አቀፍ ተቋማት አገልግለዋል፡፡ በጥቁር አንበሳ ሆስፒታል ከመወለዳቸውም በሻገር በሱዳን የልጅነታቸውን ጊዜ አሳልፈዋል፡፡ የቄስ ትምህርት ቤትን በካርቱም ተከታትለዋል፡፡ አቶ አድማሱ ይልማ ታደሰ፣ ራሳቸውን እንደሉላዊ ሰው መመልከትን ይመርጣሉ፤ የበርካታ ባሕሎችና ሕዝቦች ውጤት እንደሆኑም ያስባሉ፡፡ በአሁኑ ወቅት የምሥራቅና የደቡብ አፍሪካ የንግድና የልማት ባንክ የሆነውን ፒቲኤ ባንክን በፕሬዚዳንትነትና በዋና ሥራ አስፈጻሚነት እየመሩ ይገኛሉ፡፡ ባንኩ ዘንድሮ በአዲስ አበባ ከተማ ያካሄደው ዓመታዊ ጠቅላላ ጉባዔ እዚህ እንዲከናወን ከመነሻው ጀምሮ ተግባራዊ ያደረጉት እሳቸው ናቸው፡፡ ፒቲኤ ባንክ ለኢትዮጵያ ስላሰባቸውና ስለሌሎች ተግባራቱ ሪፖርተር ጋዜጣ በቅርቡ አነጋግሯቸዋል፡፡ ምንጭ የሆነንን ሪፖርተር ጋዜጣን በዝግጅታችን ክፍል ስም እናመሰግናለን፡፡

ምርጥ ነገሮች ለማምጣት አልማለሁ፡፡ Tያቄ፡- ህልምዎ ተሳክቷል ማለት

ይቻላል?አቶ አድማሱ፡- ወደዚያው እያመራ

ነው፡፡ በመስመራችን ላይ ስለምንገኝ በጣም ደስተኛ ነኝ፡፡ ዕውቀት ያካበቱና ክህሎቱ ያላቸው በርካታ አፍሪካውያን ከመላው ዓለም ወደ ባንካችን ለመምጣት ማመልከቻቸውን እየላኩ ነው፡፡ ይህን የሚያደርጉት መልሰው መስጠት የሚገባቸውን ነገር እንዳለ ስለተገነዘቡ ነው፡፡ ከራሳቸው ጋር የሚያዛምዱት ነገር እንዳለ ስለተሰማቸው ነው፡፡ ሉላውያን አፍሪካውያን (ግሎባል አፍሪካንስ) የሚለውን አጠራር አብዝተን

እንጠቀማለን፡፡ Tያቄ፡- ዕድሜዎ ገና በአርባዎቹ ውስጥ

ነው፡፡ በዚህ ዕድሜዎ በርካታ ቢሊዮን ዶላሮችን የሚያንቀሳቅስ ተቋም መምራትዎን እንዴት ይመለከቱታል?

አቶ አድማሱ፡- ሁልጊዜም አንድ ዓይነት አስተዋጽኦ ማድረግ ይገባኛል የሚል ግፊት ይመራኛል፡፡ ውጤቶችን በማግኘትና በማስመዝገቤ እደሰታለሁ፡፡ በማደርጋቸው ነገሮች ሁሉ ልቀት መኖር እንዳለበት አምናለሁ፡፡ ትምህርት ቤት ሳለሁ ጎበዝ ነበርኩ፡፡ በስፖርት ጎበዝ ነበርኩ፡፡ ትምህርት ቤቴን በቴኒስ

ስፖርት የምወክል ጎበዝ ተፎካካሪ ነበርኩ፡፡ ሁልጊዜም ለራሴ የምችለውን ያህል ጥሩ ውጤት ለማምጣት ስተጋ ቆይቻለሁ፡፡ ይኼም ጠንክሮ በመሥራት እንድኖር አስችሎኛል፡፡ ሁልጊዜ አዳዲስና የተሻሉ ነገሮችን ለማከናወን በመሞከሬ ለልጆቼም ለአገሬም ተምሳሌት መሆን እንደቻልኩ ለመናገር እችላለሁ፡፡ በኢትዮጵያ ብቻ ሳይሆን በአፍሪካም ጭምር ለዘመናት የቆዩ አሉታዊ አመለካከቶችን የመለወጥ ኃላፊነት አለብን፡፡ እናም በዓለም ምርጡን የአፍሪካ ተቋም ስለመፍጠር ስናገር፣ አፍሪካውያን እንደማንኛውም ሰው የዓለም ምርጦች ይሆናሉ የሚለው ሐሳብ ያስደስተኛል፡፡ የትምህርት ዕድሉን አግኝቶ ማንነታችንን የማሳየት ጉዳይ ነው፡፡ በአጠቃላይ

የምመራበት ፍልስፍናዊ አመለካከቴ ነው፡፡ Tያቄ፡- የባንክዎ ዓመታዊ ጠቅላላ

ጉባዔ እዚህ ተካሂዷል፡፡ ኢትዮጵያ እንዴት ልትመረጥ ቻለች?

አቶ አድማሱ፡- ባለፈው ዓመት ከአባል አገሮች አንዱ ስብሰባውን እንዲያካሂድ ዕድል ተሰጥቶ ነበር፡፡ ከገንዘብና ኢኮኖሚል ልማት ሚኒስትሩ ጋር በነበረን ውይይት ወቅት የአፍሪካ ኅብረት 50ኛ ዓመት የምሥረታ በዓል በመሆኑና በዓሉም ዓመቱን ሙሉ የሚከበር መሆኑን


e

በማስታወስ ጉባዔው እዚህ እንዲደረግ ሐሳብ አቅርቤ ነበር፡፡ ፒቲኤ ባንክ ፓን አፍሪካኒዝምን ከሌሎች ጋር ለመዘከር አብሮ ቢሠራና ቢያከብረው ካላፉት 50 ዓመታት ይልቅ መጪዎቹ 50 ዓመታት የተለዩ መሆናቸውን ለማሳየት ይረዳ እንደሆነ በማሰብ ነው፡፡ በርካታ የአፍሪካ አገሮች ከባድ ጊዜን አሳልፈዋል፡፡ ስለዚህ የባንኩ ዓመታዊ ጉባዔ እዚህ መካሄድ የሚችልበት ዕድል መገኘቱ አስደስቶኛል፡፡ እግረ መንገዳችንንም ባንኩን ኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ በማስተዋወቅ፣ ስትራቴጂካዊ ሚና እንዳለው፣ የደጋፊነት ተግባሩንም ማሳየት ይችል ዘንድ፣ እንዲሁም የአገሪቱን የዕድገትና ትራንስፎርሜሸን ዕቅድ ለመደገፍ ባንኩ ሚና ሊኖረው እንደሚችል አጋጣሚው ጠቅሞናል፡፡ ኢትዮጵያ በመጪዎቹ አምስትና አሥር ዓመታት ውስጥ ስትራቴጂካዊ አጋር እንደሚያስፈልጋት አስባለሁ፡፡ የሚቻለውን ሁሉ ለማድረግ ዝግጁ ነን፡፡ ሆኖም ግን አቅም መፈጠር አለበት፡፡ ከቻይና፣ ከህንድና ከቱርክ ኢንቨስትመንቶችን እየሳብን ነው፡፡ ደቡብ ኮሪያዎችም እየመጡ ነው፡፡ የአውሮፓ ኅብረትም የድርሻውን እያበረከተ ነው፡፡ ሆኖም ትልቅ አገር፣ ሰፊ ሕዝብና እያደገ ያለ ኢኮኖሚ ሲኖርህ የሚጠይቀውም ነገር ከፍተኛ መሆኑ እርግጥ ነው፡፡ 100 ወይም 500 ሚሊዮን ዶላር ለዚህ ጥሩ

አስተዋጽኦ ሊያበረክት ይችላል፡፡ Tያቄ፡- በቅርቡ ይፋ ከተደረገው 100

ሚሊዮን ዶላር ብድር ባሻገር ለኢትዮጵያ የተዘጋጀ ሌላ ብድር ይኖር ይሆን?

አቶ አድማሱ፡- አምና ያፀደቅነው የ100 ሚሊዮን ዶላር ብድር ጅማሮ ነው፡፡ ኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ ብዙ ለመሥራት ይቻላል፡፡ እዚህ ከበርካታ ባለድርሻዎች ጋር ጥሩ ውይይቶችን ሳካሂድ ቆይቻለሁ፡፡ በርካታ ስኬታማ የሆኑ ድርጅቶች ስላሉ ለባንኩ ጥሩ ደንበኞች ሊሆኑ እንደሚችሉ አምናለሁ፡፡ በባንኩና በመንግሥት ድርጅቶች እንዲሁም በግሉ ዘርፍ መካከል አጋርነትን ለመፍጠር እየሠራሁ ነው፡፡ የኢትዮጵያ አየር መንገድ የተለየ ተቋም ነው፡፡ ነገር ግን ፒቲኤ ባንክ በጋራ ጥቅም ላይ በመንተራስ ድጋፉን ሊሰጣቸው የሚችሉ ሌሎችም አሉ፡፡ መልካሙ ነገር ደግሞ የአፍሪካ የፋይናንስ ተቋም ከመሆናችን ባሻገር እምነት የሚጣልብንና ተዓማኒ መሆናችን ነው፡፡ ከደንበኞቻችን ጋር አብረን በመሥራት ዓላማቸውን እንዲያሳኩ በቁርጠኝነት አብረናቸው እንሠራለን፡፡

Tያቄ፡- የኢትዮጵያ አየር መንገድ ከባንኩ ብድር ጠይቆ ሲፈቀድለት የአሁኑ

የመጀመርያው አይደለም፡፡ አቶ አድማሱ፡- አዎ! አየር መንገዱ

ከዚህ በፊትም ከባንኩ የፋይናንስ ድጋፍ አግኝቷል፡፡ ሆኖም በጣም በጥቂት መጠን

… Tያቄ፡- የ15 ሚሊዮን ዶላር ብድር

ከዚህ ቀደም አግኝቶ ነበር?አቶ አድማሱ፡- አዎ! አሁን ግን

ከበፊቱ ሦስት እጥፍ የሚበልጥ ብድር አግኝቷል፡፡ ብድሩ ያን ያህል ትልቅ ነው ማለቴ ግን አይደለም፡፡ ሆኖም ጅምር ነው፡፡ የኢትዮጵያ አየር መንገድ ከአፍሪካ ድርጅቶች ውጤታማው በመሆኑ ባንኩ ልዩነት መፍጠር እንደሚችል እናምናለን፡፡ አየር መንገዱ የኢትዮጵያ ቢሆንም የአፍሪካም ነው፡፡ ፓን አፍሪካዊ ተቋም ነው፡፡ ሌሎች አፍሪካዊ አየር መንገዶችን ያሠለጥናል፡፡ በጣም ተፈላጊውን አገልግሎት በመላ አኅጉሪቱ እያበረከተ የሚገኝ ነው፡፡ በኢትዮጵያ አየር መንገድ እኮራለሁ፡፡ በዋጋውም የሚመረጥና ጥሩ አገልግሎት እየሰጠ የሚገኝ አየር መንገድ ነው፡፡ እንደሌሎች ተቋሞች ሁሉ ግን የኢትዮጵያ አየር መንገድም ማስተካከል የሚኖርበት ጉዳዮች አይጠፉም፡፡ ይህም ሆኖ በጥሩ አካሄድ ላይ የሚገኝ አየርመንገድ ነው፡፡ እየስተስፋፋ፣ እያደገና አትራፊም እየሆነ መጥቷል፡፡ አየር መንገዱ ጠንካራ አመራርና ጥሩ ራዕይ ያለው በመሆኑ እሱን መደገፍ መቻሌ ያስደስተኛል፡፡

Tያቄ፡- ከአክሰስ ካፒታል ሰርቪስስ ኩባንያ ጋርም ባንክዎ ግንኙነት ነበረው፡፡ ብድር በመስጠት ሒደት ላይም ነበራችሁ፡፡

አቶ አድማሱ፡- ይኼ የቆየ ነው፡፡ እነሱ ነበሩ ለእኛ የብድር ጥያቄውን ያቀረቡት፡፡ ያን ያህል እንዲጓዝና ብድሩ እንዲፈቀድ ግን አላደረግንም፡፡ ይኼ ግን እኔ ባንኩን ከመቀላቀሌ በፊት የሆነ ነው፡፡ ወደ ፒቲኤ ባንክ ከመጣሁ ሁለተኛ ዓመቴ ነው፡፡ ስለዚህ አንዳንድ ማመልከቻዎች ለባንኩ መድረሳቸውን ሰምቻለሁ፡፡ በርካታ የብድር ጥያቄ ማመልከቻዎች ከየድርጅቱ ይጎርፋሉ፡፡ ሆኖም ስለብድር ጠያቂው ተቋም የሀብት ይዘት እርግጠኛ መሆንን እመርጣለሁ፡፡ ፒቲኤ ባንክ ቢስነዝ የሚሠራው ከጠንካራ አጋሮቹ ጋር መሆኑን ማረጋገጥ አለብኝ፡፡ ብድር እንዲሰጣቸው የኋላ ታሪክ ያላቸውና ለብድር ብቁ የሆኑ ተቋማት ላይ የማተኩረውም ለዚህ ነው፡፡

Tያቄ፡- ምንም እንኳ ኢትዮጵያ ከፒቲኤ ባንክ መሥራቾች አንዷ ብትሆንም፣ ከባንኩ ያን ያህል ድጋፍ ማግኘት ያልቻለችው ለምንድን ነው?

አቶ አድማሱ፡- በፍላጎትና አቅርቦት ምክንያትም ነው፡፡ በፋይናንስ ኢንዱስትሪው

ውስጥ ለበርካታ ዓማታት ቆይቻለሁ … Tያቄ፡- ከ30 ዓመታት በላይ?አቶ አድማሱ፡- አዎ! ጥያቄው

በእርግጥ የማዛመድ ነው፡፡ ፍላጎትን ማግኘትና ከአቅርቦት ጋር ማዛመድ ነው፡፡ ገበያውን የሚረዱ ሰዎችን ማግኘት፣ በአገር ውስጥ ልማት ተኮር የሆነ የቢዝነስ ፋይናንስን ለማንቀሳቀስ ዕውቀቱ ያላቸው ሰዎችን ማግኘት ይገባል፡፡ ኢትዮጵያና ሱዳን ለሁሉም ተቋም አይመቹም፡፡ በእነዚህ አገሮች ውስጥ ቢዝነስ መሠራት ከባድ ነው፡፡ የቋንቋና የሕግ ጉዳዮች ቀላል አይደሉም፡፡ እግሊዝኛና ፈረንሳይኛ ተናጋሪ በሆኑ አገሮች ውስጥ እንዳለው በኢትዮጵያና በሱዳን ውስጥ በቀላሉ ገብቶ፣ በቀላሉ ቢዝነስ መሥራት አይቻልም፡፡ እነዚህ ነገሮች የሚታወቁ ናቸው፡፡ ለአብዛኞች ወደ ኢትዮጵያ እንዴት መግባት እንደሚቻል፣ እንዴት መሰማራት፣ ማንን እንዴት ማናገር እንዳለባቸውና የአገሪቱን ውስብስብ ጉዳዮች ለመረዳት ቀላል አይሆንላቸውም፡፡ ይህ ማለት ደግሞ ሁሉን ነገር በቅጡና በአግባቡ ሁኔታውን መረዳትን የሚጠይቅ ነው ማለት ነው፡፡ ኢትዮጵያን በደንብ አውቃታለሁ፡፡ ፒቲኤ ባንክ የትኛውን ሪስክ መውሰድ እንዳለበትና እንደሌለበትም በሚገባ እገነዘባለሁ፡፡ ይኼው ግምገማ በተመሳሳይ በሱዳን፣ በዲሞክራቲክ ኮንጎና በሌሎችም ላይ ተግባራዊ ይሆናል፡፡ እነዚህ አገሮች በቀላሉ ገራገር ልብ ላላቸው ሰዎች የሚሆኑ አይደሉም፡፡ እኔ ፍላጎቱ አለኝ፡፡ እነዚህን አገሮች የመደገፍ ሥልጣኑም አለኝ፡፡ ሆኖም ቢዝነስ በምንሠራበት ጊዜ የምርጫና የትኩረት አቅጣጫዎች

ይኖራሉ፡፡ Tያቄ፡- ኢትዮጵያን በሚመለከት ብድር

እንዲያገኙ ቅድሚያ የተሰጣቸው መስኮች አሉ?

አቶ አድማሱ፡- ኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ በኤክስፖርት ዘርፉ ላይ ትልቅ ትኩረት አደርጋለሁ፡፡ በተለይ በቡናና በቆዳ፣ በማናቸውም የኤክስፖርት ሸቀጦች ላይ ትኩረቴን አደርጋለሁ፡፡ ነገር ግን ለትራንስፖርት ዘርፉም ብድር ለመስጠት እንፈልጋለን፡፡ የትራንስፖርት ዘርፉ ላይ ልንሠራ የምንችላቸው በርካታ ተግባሮች አሉ፡፡ በቴሌኮም ዘርፉም እንዲሁ ከፍተኛ ፍላጎት አለን፡፡ በማዕድን ዘርፉም ላይ የተወሰነ ድጋፍ ለማድረግ እንችላለን፡፡ ነገር ግን በዘርፉ ላይ የሚሳተፈው አካል ማንነት ይወስነዋል፡፡ ፒቲኤ የብዙኃን አካላት ተቋም እንደመሆኑ ምንም እንኳ እንደ ባንኩ ፕሬዚዳንት የሚኖረኝ የኃላፊነት ሚና ቢኖርም፣ ውሳኔው ግን የብዙኃኑ ነው፡፡ ባንክ እንደመሆኑም የአንድ ሰው ትዕይንት አይኖረውም፡፡ ምን ዓይነት አደጋ እንዳለ እገነዘባለሁ፡፡ የትኛው እንደሚበርና እንደማይበር አውቃለሁ፡፡ ብዙም ርቀት ሊጓዝ የማይችል ነገር ላይ በጉጉት ላለመንጠላጠል እጠነቀቃለሁ፡፡ በምሠራው ሥራ አብዝቼ ዲስፒሊን እከተላለሁ፡፡ የትም ሊደርስ በማይችል ነገር ላይ ተመርኩዤ

ለመራመድ አልፈቅድም፡፡ Tያቄ፡- ብድር ሊሰጣቸው የሚችሉ

እጃችሁ ላይ ያሉ ፕሮጀክቶች አሉ?

አቶ አድማሱ፡- በተለያዩ ዘርፎች ላይ ሊውል የሚችል ግማሽ ቢሊዮን ዶላር የሚጠጋ ገንዘብ በእጃችን አለ፡፡ ይህ ገንዘብ በመካከለኛ ጊዜ ውስጥ ለመገልገል የሚያስችል ነው፡፡ በአገሪቱ ፍላጎትና ምርጫ ላይም የሚወሰን የብድር መጠን ነው፡፡ እኛ እንደ ልማት ባንክ ወይም ደግሞ እንደ የአፍሪካ ልማት ባንክ አይደለንም፡፡ ርካሽ ገንዘብ የለንም፡፡ ከአፍሪካ ካፒታል ገንዘብ የምንሰበስብ ተቋም ነን፡፡ ከደቡብ ካፒታል ገበያዎች ገንዘብ እናሰባስባለን፡፡ ለጋሾች የሉንም፡፡ በለጋሾች ትከሻ ላይ የተመሠረትንም አ ይ ደ ለ ን ም ፡፡ በፕሮጀክቶች ላይ እናተኩራለን፡፡ ከእኛ በሚበደሩት ገንዘብ ጥሩ ሥራ ሠርተው፣ ገንዘብ አግኝተው ብድራቸውን የሚመልሱ ደንበኞችን እንፈልጋለን፡፡ በልግስና መልክ ገንዘብ ለመስጠት አልተቋቋምንም፡፡ ወደ ዓለም ባንክና አፍሪካ ልማት ባንክ የማቅናት ዕድሉ ነበረኝ፡፡ ወደ ፒቲኤ የመጣሁት ከፍ ወዳለ ሌላ ደረጃ ለማድረስ የሚያስችለን በርካታ ጉዳይ እንዳለ በማመን ነው፡፡ ትልቅ ፈተና ነበር፡፡ ጠንካራና የማያወላውል አቋም ያላቸው የሥራ ሰዎች ያሉበት ተቋም በመሆኑ ቢዝነሱም እንደዚያው ነው፡፡ ይኼ የፒቲኤ ባንክ መገለጫ ጠባይ ነው፡፡ ስለዚህ የምትመርጣቸው ደንበኞችና ፕሮጀክቶች ውጤታማ የመሆን ዕድላቸው ከፍተኛ መሆን መቻል አለበት፡፡ በርካታ የብድር ጥያቄዎች ይቀርባሉ፡፡ ፍላጎቱ ከፍተኛ ነው፡፡ የተቋሙ ጠባይ በመሆኑ ሳቢያ ሁሉንም ጥያቄዎች አናስተናግድም፡፡ ከ15 እና ከ20 ዓመታት በፊት ባንኩ መጥፎ ውሳኔዎች በመወሰኑ የተበላሸ ታሪክ ነበረው፡፡ በመሆኑም ሁሉም የባንኩ ባለድርሻዎችና የሚመለከታቸው የባንኩ አካላት በባንኩ ‹‹ሪስክ ማኔጅመንት›› ላይ እጅግ ጥንቁቅ ናቸው፡፡ ስስ ስሜት አላቸው፡፡ 17 የባንኩ መሥራች አባላት አገሮች አሉ፡፡ በየአገሮቹ ለመበደር ትልቅ አቅም ያላቸው፣ የመንግሥት ድጋፍና ማስረጃ የያዙ ተበዳሪዎች ይመጣሉ፡፡ ባንኩ የብዙኃን በመሆኑ እነዚህ ነገሮች የብድር ጥያቄውን ወደሌላ ምዕራፍ አይወስዱትም፡፡ በዚያም ላይ በጠረጴዛ ዙሪያ በርካታ ሰዎች አሉ፡፡ ውሳኔ የሚሰጡ፡፡ ዲሞክራቲክ ኮንጎ፣ ማላዊና ሌሎችም አገሮች በርካታ ጥያቄዎችን እያቀረቡልን ነው፡፡ አንድን ፕሮጀክት በተናጠል እናይና በባንኩ ሊያስተናግድ የሚችል ከሆነ እንቀበለዋለን፡፡ ነገር ግን በመተማመን ላይ እንድንንጠለጠል የሚጋብዝ ሆኖ ካገኘነው በየአገሩ ላሉት

ተቋማት እንተውላቸዋለን፡፡ Tያቄ፡- ቢሯችሁን እዚህ ለመክፈት

አቅዳችኋል?አቶ አድማሱ፡- በአሁኑ ወቅት

እዚህ ቢሮ ለመክፈት የሚያስችለንን ውሳኔ አልወሰንንም፡፡ አሁን ላይ ይህንን ለመናገርም ጊዜው አይደለም፡፡

Tያቄ፡- የአፍሪካ ኅብረት የአፍሪካ ገንዘብ ድርጅት የተባለ ተቋም ለመመሥረት እየተንቀሳቀሰ ነው፡፡ የደቡባዊና ምሥራቃዊ አፍሪካ አገሮች የጋራ ገበያ (ኮሜሳ)፣ የደቡባዊ አፍሪካ አገሮች የልማት ማኅበረሰብ (ሳድክ) እና የምሥራቅ አፍሪካ ማኅበረሰብ (ኢኤሲ) የሦስትዮች ጥምረት ለመመሥረት ተስማምተዋል፡፡ ይኼ ለፒቲኤ ባንክ ምን ማለት ነው?

አቶ አድማሱ፡- ይኼ ማለት ለእኛ የመስፋፋት ዕድልን የሚፈጥርልን ነው፡፡ ለሁሉም አካል ጥቅም የሚሆን ካፒታል እንድናሰባስብ ዕድሉን ይፈጥርልናል፡፡ በፋይናንስ ባህሪም የበርካታ ስብስብ ኃይል ሲኖር ጥሩ አቅም ይኖርሃል የሚል ነው፡፡ መሠረትህ ከፍተኛ ከሆነ በቋሚ ሀብቶች ላይ የምታካሂደው ኢንቨስትመንት ከፍተኛ ይሆንልሃል፡፡ ከፍተኛ ጥቅም ይሰጥሃል፡፡ ትልቅ ዳራ ሲኖረን ጥቅማችን ትልቅ ይሆናል፡፡ ከ17 አባል አገሮች ውስጥ

አምስት ያህሉ አነስተኛ ናቸው፡፡ ስለዚህ ጥቂት አቅሙ ያላቸውና ኪሳቸው መግባት የምንችል ተጨማሪ አገሮች ሲኖሩ የኃይል ሚዛኑ ይመጣጠናል፡፡ ተጨማሪ ካፒታል መኖሩ ለሁሉም ጥቅም ስለሚያስገኝ፣ ተጨማሪ ቦንድ ለመሸጥና የገንዘብ

ኃይላችንን ከፍተኛ ለ ማ ድ ረ ግ

ይጠቅመናል ፡፡ ይኼ አካሄድ

ለኢንቨስተሮችም በጣም ጠቃሚ ነው፡፡ አንድ ኢንቨስተር ድርሻ ለመግዛት ሲፈልግ፣ ኢንቨስት በሚያደርግበት ባንክ ውስጥ እንደ ሞዛምቢክ፣ አንጎላና አልጄርያን የመሰሉ አገሮች ቢኖሩ ይመርጣል፡፡ የተትረፈረፈ የሀብት ምንጭ ያላቸው አገሮች ያስፈልጋሉ፡፡ አልጄርያ በአሁኑ ወቅት የባንኩ ተጠባባቂ አባል አገር ናት፡፡ እንደ አልጄርያ ዕምቅ ካፒታል ያላትን አገር በአባልነት መያዙ ጥሩ የሚሆነው፣ ተጨማሪ ካፒታል ወደ ባንኩ ለማምጣት ስለሚያግዝ ነው፡፡ ይኼ ለሁለቱም ወገን ጥቅም የሚሰጥና ለሁሉም ወገን የሚበጅ በመሆኑ ጠቃሚ ነው፡፡ የባንኩን ደረጃ ለሚያወጡ ኤጀንሲዎችም ጥሩ ጥቅም የሚሰጥ ነው፡፡ የባንኩ ደረጃ በጨመረ ቁጥር በርካሽ ዋጋ ብዙ ካፒታል ለመጨመር ዕድል ስለሚፈጥርልን፣ የባንኩን የገንዘብ መጠን ብቻ ሳይሆን ለገንዘብ የሚወጣውን ወጪም በመቀነስ ጥቅም ይሰጠናል፡፡ በርካታ አገሮች የሚፈልጉትን የረጅም ጊዜ ብድር ለመስጠትም ዕድል ይፈጥራል፡፡ ነገር ግን ጠንካራ አቅም ያላቸው ባለአክሲዮኖችን በአባልነት መያዝ ካልቻልክ፣ የሒሳብ መዝገብህም በሌሎች ሰዎች ዕይታ ጤናማ ካልሆነ፣ አቅም ያላቸውን አቅም ከሌላቸው ጋር በማዋሀድ ብዝኃነትን መፍጠር ይጠበቅብሃል፡፡

Tያቄ፡- በባንኩ ከፍተኛ አፈጻጸም ያላቸው ወይም ደግሞ ከፍተኛ ውጤት ያስመዘገቡ ተጠቃሚ አገሮች የትኞቹ ናቸው?

አቶ አድማሱ፡- ዛምቢያ፣ ዚምባቡዌና ማላዊ ሲሆኑ ምናልባት ኬንያ ትከተላለች፡፡ በቅርቡም ታንዛኒያ ወደላይ መጥታለች፡፡ ሱዳንም በፍጥነት በመምጣት ላይ ትገኛለች፡፡ የባንኩን ጥቅም የሚያገኙ አገሮችን ቁጥር ለመጨመር እየሞከርን እንገኛለን፡፡

Tያቄ፡- አውደ ዓመትን እዚህ ሲያሳልፉ በአጋጣሚ ነው ወይስ አዘውትረው ወደ

አገር ቤት ይመጣሉ? አቶ አድማሱ፡- አዎን! እመጣለሁ፡

፡ ባለቤቴ ያቋቋመችው ፋውንዴሽን አለን፡፡ እሷው የመሠረተችውና የምትመራው ተቋም ነው፡፡ የኢትዮጵያ ሕፃናት ፈንድ (Ethiopian Children’s Fund) ይባላል፡፡ ከተቋቋመ ከ15 ዓመታት በላይ ሆኖታል፡፡ ከአዲስ አበባ በስተሰሜን 50 ኪሎ ሜትር ገደማ ወጣ ብላ በምትገኘው አለልቱ ከተማ ውስጥ የሚገኝ ፋውንዴሽን ነው፡፡ 600 ያህል ተማሪዎችን እያስተናገደ ይገኛል፡፡ ከምንሠራውና ከምናደርገው ነገር ባለፈ ለአገራችን አንድ አስተዋጽኦ

ወደ ገጽ 5 ዞሯል...

ጥቅምት 2007 ዓ.ም8 9ጥቅምት 2007 ዓ.ም8

ጥቅምት 2007 ዓ.ም

(By Ivan Marković, How to Join the World Trade Organiza-

tion: Some Aspects of the Accession Process)

Before starting the WTO Ac-cession Process countries may de-cide to become WTO observers. Observer status is not obligatory and is not a precondition to WTO Membership. Its purpose is “to al-low a government to better acquaint itself with the WTO and its activi-ties, and to prepare and initiate ne-gotiations for accession to the WTO Agreement.” The status is granted initially for five years and observers are expected to take a decision on accession within that period of time. Observers have the right to observe meetings of all WTO bodies except the Committee on Budget, Finance and Administration. They have ac-cess to the main WTO document series and may also request techni-cal assistance from the WTO Secre-tariat. Observers have an obligation to make a financial contribution for the services provided to them.

According to Article XII of the Marrakesh Agreement “Any state or customs territory having full au-tonomy in the conduct of its trade policies is eligible to accede to the WTO on terms agreed between it and WTO Members”.

The accession process can be divided into six stages:1. Submission of the formal request

for accession by the applicant government;

2. Establishment of a Working Par-ty for Accession;

3. Submission of the Memorandum of the Foreign Trade Regime;

4. Negotiations on terms of acces-sion;

5. Adoption of the Report of the Working Party for Accession;

6. Approval of the accession by the General Council or Ministerial Conference8.

The formal request for acces-sion from the applicant government must contain a statement that the candidate wishes to accede to the Marrakesh Agreement and become a WTO Member, pursuant to Arti-cle XII which regulates the process of accession. It is submitted to the General Director of the WTO. The formal request is then distributed to all WTO Members and placed on the agenda of the next General Council Meeting.

After the acceptance of the formal request a Working Party for Accession is established “to ex-amine the application of the candi-date to accede to the World Trade Organization under Article XII and to submit to the General Council/

Ministerial Conference recom-mendations which may include a draft Protocol of Accession.” Any Member of the WTO can become a member of the Working Party for Accession, depending on its inter-ests. WTO Members can choose to join at any stage before the comple-tion of the Working Party for Ac-cession mandate. This means that the size and composition of Work-ing Parties for Accession vary from candidate to candidate. Observers in the Working Party for Acces-sion can be representatives of the UN, UNCTAD, IMF, World Bank, WIPO, EBRD and EFTA. After consultations with the candidate and members, the Chairman of the WTO General Council appoints the Chairman of the Working Party for Accession, who is usually an ambas-sador resident in Geneva.

The accession process is now “institutionalized” and it will be conducted through the Working Party for Accession. The work of the Working Party for Accession can be divided into three conceptually dis-tinct stages which in practice often overlap: submission of the Memo-randum of the Foreign Trade Re-gime by the candidate, negotiations on rules, market access and conces-sions, and adoption of the Working Party Report on the Accession. In practice, the changes that the can-didate will need to make in order to bring its trade regime into confor-mity with WTO requirements need to be identified and a starting point for the negotiations that will take place on market access for goods and services needs to be defined. Af-ter that negotiations on the terms of accession can start and eventually the results of all negotiations are consolidated and adopted.

The Memorandum of the For-eign Trade Regime is a standard-ized document which describes the foreign trade regime. It contains information on the Economy, Eco-nomic Policies and Foreign Trade; the Framework for Making and Enforcing Policies Affecting For-eign Trade in Goods and Services; Policies Affecting Trade in Goods; Trade Related Aspects of Intel-lectual Property Rights Regime; Trade-Related Services Regime and Institutional Base for Trade and Economic Relations with Third Countries. It is supplemented by statistical information about trade, a List of Laws and Legal Acts, a List of Foreign Trade Agreements and questionnaires about Import Licensing and Customs Valuation Procedures, State Trading Enter-prises, Technical Barriers to Trade, Sanitary and Phytosanitary Mea-

sures, Domestic Support and Export Subsidies in Agriculture, Trade in Services and Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights. The candidate also submits an Initial Schedule for Tariff Concessions for Goods and Initial Schedule on Spe-cific Commitments in Services. All of these documents are submitted to the WTO Secretariat who distrib-utes them to WTO Members.

After receiving these docu-ments interested WTO Members submit questions in writing regard-ing the candidate’s foreign trade re-gime. When the candidate answers these questions, also in writing, the first meeting of the Working Party for Accession can be held. In prac-tice negotiations can start at this point but the candidate will be asked more questions between and during the following meetings of the Working Party for Accession. After several meetings, and if progress has been made, the WTO Secre-tariat prepares an informal Factual Summary of Points Raised in order to consolidate all the information presented by the candidate. The purpose of this Summary is to facili-tate the work of the Working Party for Accession, to make the process more transparent and to be a base for a draft Report of the Working Party for Accession.

Negotiations on terms of acces-sion are divided into four main seg-ments which are conducted simul-taneously: multilateral negotiations on the rules to be accepted; plurilat-eral (involving only some members) negotiations on agricultural domes-tic support and export subsidies; bi-lateral negotiations on concessions on goods and bilateral negotiations on specific commitments on servic-es. The results and taken commit-ments from all these negotiations, multilateral, plurilateral and bilat-eral, are applied equally to all WTO Members in compliance with the most favored nation principle.

Multilateral negotiations on the rules are negotiations on terms, conditions and possible transitional periods for all legislative or struc-tural changes necessary for the adoption and implementation of WTO rules and procedures by the candidate. These negotiations are conducted multilaterally between the candidate and all members of the Working Party for Accession.

Plurilateral negotiations on agricultural domestic support and export subsidies are conducted be-tween the candidate and interested members of the Working Party for Accession. The purpose of these ne-gotiations is to bring the candidate’s level of agricultural domestic sup-

port and export subsidies into com-pliance with the WTO Agreement on Agriculture. They also deal with Sanitary and Phytosanitary (an agreement on how governments can apply food safety and animal and plant health measure) Measures and Technical Barriers to Trade.

Negotiations on concessions on goods and negotiations on spe-cific commitments on services are conducted bilaterally between the candidate and each separate mem-ber of the Working Party for Ac-cession. Every bilaterally-reached agreement is signed and sent to the WTO Secretariat where it remains confidential. After bilateral agree-ments have been completed with all members of the Working Party for Accession, the WTO Secretariat uses them to prepare a single, con-solidated draft Goods Schedule and a single, consolidated draft Services Schedule. In accordance with the most favored nation principle, the Goods Schedule is consolidated on the lowest tariff level for each tar-iff line and the Services Schedule is consolidated on the least restrictive level for each service sector. When completed, the draft Schedules are formally circulated to all members of the Working Party for Accession for review and verification.

After the conclusion of all ne-gotiations the Report of the Work-ing Party for Accession is adopted with the consensus of all members of the Working Party for Accession. It summarizes all negotiations held within the Working Party for Acces-sion and is annexed with the Con-solidated Schedule of Tariff Conces-sions for Goods and Consolidated Schedule on Specific Commitments in Services. The entire package is referred to as the Protocol of Acces-sion and it is then submitted to the General Council or the Ministerial Conference.

The last stage of the accession process is the adoption of the Proto-col of Accession and the approval of the accession by the General Coun-cil or Ministerial Conference with the consensus of all WTO Members. The Protocol specifies the date until which it is open for acceptance by the candidate, by signature or ratifi-cation. While a period of three to six months is usual, in practice it is the candidate who proposes the length of time needed to complete its inter-nal procedures.

The candidate becomes a WTO Member thirty days after accepting the Protocol of Accession. This peri-od is allowed in order to give WTO Members time to take any action necessary to apply the WTO Agree-ment to the new Member.

The World Trade Organization (WTO) Accession Process

ጥቅምት 2007 ዓ.ም7

“When you judge Africa by what its leadership or governments are doing, you are judging Africa by what it does worse. And when you ignore people who are working in the informal sector, coming up with hyper-specific local solutions to lo-cal problems, you are ignoring what Africa does best.”

A small, informal shop in GhanaThis is according to Dayo Olo-

pade, a Nigerian-American journalist who moved to Nairobi in 2010 and spent the following three years travel-ling across the continent to research her recently released book, The Bright Continent: Breaking Rules and Mak-ing Change in Modern Africa.

In an interview with How we made it in Africa, Olopade explained how she coined the term “formality bias” to describe the western percep-tion that African economies, where the informal sector rules, are chaotic and disorganised.

“They see it as a sign of back-wardness. They see informality, where 70% of employment in sub-Saharan Africa is in the informal sector… they see this as a sign of underdevelop-ment.”

She noted that while there are many examples of governments and large development institutions failing in Africa, the informal sector is thriv-ing and is often where real solutions

emerge to African problems.At a recent event, Olopade ex-

plained how the informal sector is the heart of Africa’s commercial activity and innovation.

“I remember my first trip to Ni-geria when I was 12 years old and being astonished by how much commercial activity took place in traffic [in Lagos]… and the things you can buy in traffic… You can buy fruit, you can buy mobile phone airtime, you can buy belts, you can buy shoes, you can buy live animals, you can buy luggage… The first thing I ever bought in traffic in Africa was a manual VHS rewinding thing, so you

could rewind a VHS tape.”Olopade said this is

one of the many examples of where an African prob-lem caused by formal and public sector failure has been turned into a business opportunity by the infor-mal sector.

Doing business in Af-rica the “lean” way

According to Olo-pade, terminology like “developed”, “first world”, “developing” and “third world” reinforce the idea of what society should look like. For this reason she prefers to use the word “fat” to describe economies like the US that are viewed as developed, and “lean” to

refer to countries that are perceived as under-developed.

In “lean” and informal markets, there is a different way of doing busi-ness, and specific business skills, such as negotiation, are highly developed.

“If you go to the store to buy something [in the US], the price is written, you hand over the money, you get your receipt, you walk out. What have you really learned there? Whereas in an environment where everything is about trade, negotia-tion, bartering, time-shifted loans, and other kinds of complicated financial transactions… you have developed

different kinds of skills.”Different investment require-

mentsFor foreign business people look-

ing to invest in local companies in Africa, Olopade said it is important to understand that capital needs are typi-cally different. For example, private equity funds that are looking to invest large amounts (such as those seen in the US), might struggle to find compa-nies that can absorb that much capital in Africa.

In addition, African companies don’t always just need capital invest-ment and may require additional on-the-ground assistance, such as men-toring and business plan guidance.

“So your fund might need to be smaller. Work and diligence might need to include actual strategic work with the firms that you are investing in because they don’t come cookie cut-ter ready-to-go, the way they might in another investing environment.”

Olopade stated that the private sector also has the opportunity to fill some public sector gaps, such as roads, electricity, water, and medical and health.

“That is an opportunity unlike any other opportunity in the world. Where you have super low-hanging fruit around simple things that, in oth-er places, might be taken for granted or might not be as rich an opportunity because the government is providing it,” she highlighted.

Don’t ignore what Africa does best – the informal sector

Ethio ... Continued from page 1

old political, commercial, religious and historical relations of the two friendly countries. He also underlined that the meeting demonstrated the strong resolve and will and the need to strengthen the interaction aiming at deepening and elevating the exist-ing ties to a new stage. He also un-derscored that Egyptian investors are keen to participate at Ethiopia’s well-managed economy and promised that the government of Egypt is ready to improve the trading environment and the bilateral relations. He also empha-sized that the visit of large number of Egyptian business persons was an attestation of opening a new page of economic partnership.

Solomon Afework, President of Ethiopian Chamber of Commerce and

Sectoral Association and Chairperson of the Ethiopian Side of the Business Council, gave a key note address re-counting the historic engagement of the two countries. He also noted that the bilateral relations of the two coun-tries featured a steady development, adding that the telling example of these growing ties was economic part-nership. He also said that Ethiopia had made strides in making phenomenal economic success which is a result of

right economic policies as well as fa-vorable investment environment. He also urged the business communities of the two countries to be a dynamo for transformative and continued growth of the bilateral relations.

Ayman Essa, Chairperson of the Egyptian Side of the Business Coun-cil, said that both countries entered a new era of engagement based upon trust, transparence and mutual benefit. He stressed that the business commu-nities of the two countries should ben-

efit from this posi-tive engagement and expedite the relations for bet-ter development. He also suggested the need to build business interests based on mutual benefit. He also stressed the need to aim for long-

term business relations and work to-gether for greater development of the two countries.

The meeting was attended by Egypt’s Minister of Foreign Affairs, Sami Shoukri, Ethiopia’s Minister of State for Industry, Taddesse Haile, and Director-General of Ethiopia’s In-vestment Agency, Fitsum Arega. The meeting was organized by Ethiopian Egyptian Busines Council. About 40 Egyptian business persons working in the areas of agriculture, agro-pro-cessing, education, tourism, manu-facturing, business and trade attended the meeting. On the Ethiopian side, around 65 business persons working in similar areas of business and trade participated and exchanged views with their Egyptian counterparts on how to scale up the business interac-tion of the two countries. The confer-ence also saw presentations and busi-ness to business meetings.

6ጥቅምት 2007 ዓ.ም

Visit ECCSA Resource and

WTO Reference Center at

ECCSA building 7th floor room

no. 714.The center is dedicated to serve the private sector. Business Information, ITC Market Analysis Tools web portal is the access point to one of the world’s largest databases on trade statistics, tariff data, foreign direct investment data and volun-tary standards (Trade Map, Investment Map, Market Access Map Standards Map) and WTO information from the WTO web por-tal, which help the business communities to identify market niches for the export of their products and services.

www.ethiopianchamber.comwww.ethiopianchambertraidfair.com

Email:[email protected] Square ECCSA building 7th

floor room number 714. Tele: 0115522957

BY KATE DOUGLAS “For me changing the world

isn’t about creating a new phone that the whole world buys. For me it is just about bringing posi-tive change to the local commu-nity.”

Cameroonian Nteff Alain is the 22-year-old entrepreneur be-hind GiftedMom, a new e-content platform for pregnant women that provides information to combat the high number of mother and infancy deaths in under-serviced commu-nities in the country.

Last week he was named the winner of the 2014Anzisha Prize, an award for African entrepreneurs between the ages of 15 and 22, and received US$25,000 to grow his venture.

Alain is a telecommunications engineering student, and the idea for GiftedMom came to him while visiting a childhood friend who was doing his medical internship in a rural community. His friend was distressed, having seen a particu-larly high number of premature ba-bies die that week.

“The problems for these ba-bies were caused by disease and infections like chlamydia, syphilis and malaria, which can be treat-ed with antenatal care. But most women simply don’t go to antena-tal clinics,” he explained to How we made it in Africa.

And in rural areas, the medi-cal supplies needed to look after premature babies, such as incu-bators, are not available. “The in-frastructure is simply not there, so there was this need to prevent the situation before it arose.”

So Alain started doing some research. He found most of the problems during pregnancy can be prevented through educating women and providing them with vital information for a healthy preg-nancy.

“I noticed many necessary medical resources are already there for these women. For in-stance, premature births can be caused by malaria and malaria treatment is free. The women just don’t know it. They think if they go to hospital they will be charged a lot, so they seek traditional solu-tions which invariably increase the complications of pregnancy.

“Help is often in place, but no channel to actually educate these women on what’s available… there was a need to link the two,” he explained.

“So I thought: this is one of Af-

Africa’s top young entrepreneur solv-ing health problems with technology rica’s oldest and biggest problems,

and medical personnel have been trying everything, but it’s not work-ing. I have IT skills… and just knew using technology and innovation could help solve this problem.”

The solution – simple but ef-fective

Mobile penetration is high in Cameroon, even in rural areas, and Alain realised he could use this platform to get valuable infor-mation to women. He built an SMS application and got in touch with an international NGO, Mobile Alli-ance for Maternal Action (MAMA) to form a partnership.

The organisation provided the general information women need during pregnancy. He then got medical students to customise the messages into Cameroon-specific content and last year started the pilot phase in the Mankon com-munity of northwestern Cameroon.

His highlight came when he watched a pregnant woman re-ceive her first SMS.

“The first message just wel-comes you and tells you we are going to send you two SMEs a week that will tell you how to have a safe pregnancy. And when she read it I just saw this joy in her, like somebody finally understands her and has her back. And it just moti-vated me. I just told myself every pregnant woman has to have this.”

Today the platform has over 1,200 pregnant women and moth-ers of newborns registered, and has expanded to 15 rural commu-nities across Cameroon. He has also developed an Android app to help teenage mothers and health workers in underserviced areas calculate due dates.

Financing the initiativeTo cover the costs of sending

out each SMS, Alain had struc-tured his business model so that the platform can offer advertising space to relevant parties.

“We are living in a world where social entrepreneurs have to be sustainable. We can’t just keep asking for funds. So what happens is that we spend 4 CFA francs to send an SMS, and we sell adver-tising space to companies provid-ing maternal and infant products.”

For every SMS sent out, the advertiser pays 25 CFA francs, al-lowing GiftedMom enough capital to grow. Alain’s plan is to expand this platform across Cameroon and then elsewhere in Africa, with his sights specifically set on Cen-tral Africa, where newborn and pregnancy fatalities are particu-

larly high.An entrepreneurial mindGrowing up, Alain always

wanted to be a doctor. But after he started spending time in hospitals and meeting medical personnel in high school, he realised it wasn’t for him.

“I noticed that I am actually a very adventurous person and the medical field is stiff… to innovate in medicine you really have to have 30 years of experience… and then I noticed the engineering field and that with engineering, particu-larly with IT, you could change the world with just coding. You don’t need much financial capital, just some intellectual capital.”

While at university, he co-founded PO Labs, a tech incuba-tor for engineering students to build technology solutions to solve problems in communities, as well as provide training. He was soon after selected as the Google Stu-dent Ambassador for 2012 and to-day he is a World Economic Forum Global Shaper.

The most important step is the first one

Alain said it is easy to lose mo-tivation when trying to plan how to overcome many of the challenges of starting and growing a company. However, he has learnt that once an entrepreneur takes the first step, the solution for these chal-lenges start to become clearer.

His best advice to entrepre-neurs: just get started.

“There are so many challeng-es in Africa that can make entre-preneurs think they can’t do some-thing. But it’s very important they just stay focused on the goal and take the first step. And everything else will start to fall into place.”

Follow the story of this year’s Anzisha Prize and what has become known as the #AnzishaEffect onlineand on Facebook and Twitter. Sub-scribe to the Anzisha Prize’s You-Tube channel to get first access to their upcoming webisodes as they premiere.


A Turkish Women Entrepre-neurs’ Delegation, the first of its kind to come to Ethiopia and com-prising 25 women entrepreneurs, held business to business meetings with Ethiopian business community here in Addis recently.

Welcoming the Women En-trepreneurs Delegation, First Lady Roman Tesfaye said that the busi-ness delegation has paramount importance not only in creating market networks but also support-ing Ethiopian women exporters on various business related skills. Head of the business delegation Saymi Youldiz on her part recalled that the visit follows the Ethiopian women businesses visit to Turkey on June 2014, led by First Lady Roman Tes-faye. Head of the business delega-tion further adds that business and trade relations between the business women of the two countries should

Turkish Women Entrepreneurs meet Ethiopian Businesses By Eyob Tadelle be further enhanced to strengthen

the overall bilateral ties of the two countries.

Secretary General of the Ethio-pian Chamber of Commerce and Sectoral Associations Gashaw De-bebe on his part recalled the long standing historical ties between the two countries. The Secretary Gener-al said that Ethiopia and the Repub-lic of Turkey have been enjoying one of the most cordial and close re-lationships of our world. “The rela-tion between the two countries and peoples has endured the tastes of time and goes far beyond ordinary. Nowadays, the relationship has been coupled with diplomatic, po-litical and economic ties,” he added.

The trade exchange between the two countries has been growing significantly in the last few years. Thus, the total trade turnover in-creased from 110 million USD in 2004 to 559 million USD in 2013, showing a 400 per cent growth rate. Moreover, Ethiopia’s export

to Turkey increased from around 17 million USD in 2004 to 77 mil-lion USD in 2013, while Ethiopia’s import from Turkey increased from 94 million USD to 481 million USD same year, showing a 430 per cent growth rate.

The number of Turkish inves-tors has also reached to over 150 from only one in 2004, making Turkey among the top five invest-ment injecting countries in Ethio-pia. Turkish investment projects have created thousands of job op-portunities in Ethiopia. To mention just one, AIKA Addis, the biggest Turkish investment project, is an example of success when it comes to Turkish investment in Ethiopia.

The Secretary General said that the growing trade and investment relation speaks volumes by itself that investment environment in this country is conducive and attrac-tive. Incentives that Ethiopia offers, market for products and services, the prevailing peace in the country,

cheap and trainable workforce, and above all, the untapped resources that the country has, makes it in-vestment destination for Turkish businesses and others, he added.

“The role and contribution the business community could play in speeding up the development of the trade and investment relationship through such fora, economic coop-eration, and investment projects is indispensible,” he added. As such, the Ethiopian Chamber of Com-merce and Sectoral Associations (ECCSA) and the Turkish Busi-ness and Industrialists Federation (Tuskon) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to further ce-ment the trade and investment ties between the two sisterly nations, he remarked. The Secretary General expressed his hope that the busi-ness to business meeting between Ethiopian and the Turkish women Entrepreneurs would enhance the ongoing efforts.

The private equity industry is still in its early stages on the continent, and

while this can be perceived as riskier for investors, it also means there is less competi-tion for deals compared to more developed economies.

During a webcast panel dis-cussion last month concerning investing in African listed and pri-vate equity, Ethos Private Equity partner Ngalaah Chuphi said he believes “it is the right time for investors to seriously look into Africa”.

He noted one reason for this is that African private eq-uity deals are more attractively priced when compared to other regions in the world.

“And in that, it’s telling inves-tors that possibly this is a good time to go into Africa, where there isn’t too much capital

African private equity deals better priced than those globally, say experts

chasing deals and therefore you can actually enter deals at very respectable entry multiples.”

This, combined with Africa’s GDP growth and developing business environment, should lead to attractive returns for pri-vate equity players, added Chu-phi.

According to the Bright Africa 2014 report recently released by South African-based RisCura, around 40% of the African pri-vate equity deals that took place from 2006-2013 were priced under 5x EBITDA (a company’s earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortisation). In comparison, only about 20% of all global deals took place within this lower price grouping.

“In general it can be seen that African deals are more common in lower price group-ings than globally where 40% of deals are priced in excess of 7.5x EBITDA”, states the report.

RisCura’s research high-lights this lower pricing for Afri-can deals is due to a number of factors, such as higher risk per-ceptions and lower debt avail-ability in African markets.

According to Rory Ord, head of private equity at RisCura who

presented the report’s findings at the webinar, “the very low level of debt in African private equity deals means that these deals take on little extra risk through fi-nancial leverage and rely on real earnings growth for returns”.

Improving environment for exits

Chuphi said another reason why private equity investors should look towards Africa is be-cause of the improving environ-ment to exit investments.

“The financial markets are starting to grow and so the exit horizon for Africa, even outside of South Africa, will start to be meaningful. You will at some point start to see IPOs being done in Nairobi and being done in Lagos, and places like that.”

He added that with inter-national investors increasingly looking at an African, private eq-uity players will also be able to sell to these corporates.

“In general it can be

seen that African deals

are more common in

lower price group-

ings than globally

where 40% of deals

are priced in excess of

7.5x EBITDA”,


Last month US Presi-dent Barack Obama removed Swaziland as a beneficiary of the

African Growth and Opportu-nity Act (AGOA) due to violation of terms with regard to worker rights. According to the Brookings Institution, Swaziland’s exports to the US have averaged over US$100m a year since the begin-ning of AGOA, mostly in the ap-parel sector.

AGOA is a US trade prefer-ence that allows duty-free entry for a wide range of African prod-ucts into the US. Just under 40 sub-Saharan African countries are currently beneficiaries of AGOA.

As a unilateral trade conces-sion, the US determines which countries are eligible to be part of AGOA. Beneficiary status can be granted, or withdrawn, at the dis-cretion of the US President and sub-Saharan African countries have no recourse to dispute deci-sions. Eligibility requirements in-clude conditions that government policies and practices promote democracy and market open-ness.

Last month Obama also rein-stated Madagascar’s eligibility for AGOA after it formed a democrat-ic government. Madagascar was removed from AGOA in 2010 following a 2009 coup d’état.

While AGOA has been ex-tended a couple of times since being signed into law in 2000, it is set to expire in September 2015 and it is still uncertain whether it will be renewed again. The US-Africa Leaders Summit, held in Washington next week, is expect-ed to address the topic of AGOA’s extension as well as some key concerns surrounding the Act.

Majority of AGOA imports are oil

One of the goals of AGOA is to boost and diversify African ex-ports to the US. In 2013 African imports under AGOA was more than four times the amount in 2001.

However, the vast majority

US-Africa trade: A look at the real issues around AGOA

of AGOA imports are petroleum products, holding a massive 86% share last year. Nigeria is the top exporter to the US under AGOA, mainly in crude oil, with exports totalling $11.7bn in 2013. Ango-la is in second place with $8.7bn, also predominately oil.

South Africa is the third largest AGOA exporter (at $8.5bn), but is the largest non-oil AGOA beneficiary with exports mainly being in vehicles and parts, iron/steel, fruit and nuts.

Chad ($2.6bn) and the Re-public of the Congo ($1.2bn) are in fourth and fifth places respec-tively, again mostly in crude oil exports.

So where is the diversity?On Tuesday, US Trade Rep-

resentative Michael Froman said in a speech that more needed to be done to help countries take advantage of AGOA.

“Perhaps the clearest les-son from AGOA over the past 14 years is that market access — while important — simply isn’t enough. For sub-Saharan Africa to deliver on the promise of being an emerging economy, we must deal with the supply side con-straints that infringe on Africa’s ability to compete and integrate successfully in the global trading system… Tariff preferences are not enough, we must address the impact of surrounding con-straints.”

During a panel discussion at the UCT Graduate School of Busi-ness in Cape Town this week, US Consular General Erica J. Barks-Ruggles said although AGOA oil exports dominate, there has been growth in non-oil products.

“AGOA imports for 2013 to-talled $26.8bn… AGOA non-oil imports composed about $4.8bn of that in 2013… more than triple what was there in 2001.”

She added that the US also provides some assistance to help grow other sub-Saharan African industries.

“This is something that people don’t focus on. AGOA contains provisions where we provide… technical capacity building ef-forts in sub-Saharan Africa to help them take advantage of this preference, this give-away pro-gramme which has actually hurt American manufacturers,” she stated.

“This isn’t a free trade agree-ment where we demand the low-ering of barriers. It’s a give away, and we are providing assistance to take advantage of it.”

However, Africa is not the only one benefitting from AGOA, ac-cording to Chris Wood, research-er at the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA).

“At the end of the day, United States isn’t giving AGOA to Africa to be generous or as a gift. It’s a strategic investment and build-ing a partnership with the fastest growing continent in the world, and I think we need to be [aware] of that and remember that we do have some position within this re-lationship and we need to lever-age that as much as possible.”

Is Africa taking advantage of AGOA?

“AGOA is widely under-uti-lised for what it is. We aren’t tak-ing advantage of the benefits or the advantage that it gives the continent,” continued Wood.

He added that the true mea-sure of whether or not AGOA has been a success would be to look at jobs that wouldn’t have been created if it wasn’t for AGOA.

“The United States is going to keep buying platinum, the United States is going to keep buying oil, regardless of whether AGOA ex-ists or not. They just need these inputs and there aren’t that many places they can get it. So really it’s the types of things that they are buying that we wouldn’t be com-petitive in if it wasn’t for AGOA… particularly like textile trade, like manufactured goods and the jobs created from that. That is what’s important.”

However, Malose Letsoalo of South Africa’s Department of Trade and Industry said more could be done by African coun-tries to educate their industries about AGOA.

“People are aware there is AGOA but they are not quite sure how to utilise and how to access AGOA. I think that is something we should work on and try and promote awareness of AGOA to economic operators, to take ad-vantage of it.”

US subsidies and global trade agreements

While there is potential partic-ularly for AGOA eligible countries to take advantage of agricultur-

al exports to the US, according to Wood, US subsidies like the recently updated Farm Bill are driving down Africa’s agricultural competitiveness.

“Unfortunately that is just the political reality. They are not going to do away with subsidies, and as long as subsidies are in place, we can have no tariffs but our prod-ucts won’t be able to compete agriculturally. So perhaps a more strategic target is to look at the more value-added manufactur-ing,” said Wood, arguing that in-adequate infrastructure and skill shortages are some of the barriers that need to be addressed.

Joshua Setipa, former CEO of the Lesotho National Devel-opment Corporation, pointed out that African countries also have to contend with global free trade negotiations, such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) which includes Japan and Singapore, that also seek to reduce tariff bar-riers to the US.

“That means for those in sub-saharan Africa that export cloth-ing to the US they now have to deal with competition with coun-tries that are much more produc-tive, that are much more efficient producers, that are much closer to the market, than a country like Lesotho for example is.”

AGOA needs a longer term extension

There have been talks of ex-tending AGOA for another five years, but Wood noted that Afri-can industries need a longer term extension to take better advan-tage of its benefits.

“Five years in investment terms is simply not long enough to be making planning decisions, to be making investment decisions in the continent. In order to have some kind of stable environment that investors can reasonably as-sume that their products are go-ing to have market access to the US, you are going to have to have a 10 or a 15 year extension.”

In a speech this week, South Africa’s Trade Minister Rob Da-vies requested that the US Con-gress considers extending AGOA for 15 years. Davies will be one of 50 African leaders attending the US-Africa Leaders Summit next week, along with Obama, to dis-cuss AGOA’s renewal.

By Kate Douglas


Production for the domestic mar-ket, which was the heart of industri-alization strategies in the 1960’s and 70’s has lost much of its meaning in the global market. It has now become difficult to ensure success in entering markets without having competitive market structures based on industrial-ized products and services.

The Ethiopian Gross Domestic Product (GDP) composition sector wise consists of many sectors such as agriculture, industry, services, and infrastructure, among others. The contribution of these sectors to the Ethiopian GDP differs with one sector contributing more than the other and has changed over the years.

Ethiopia has registered one of the fastest growing economies in the world with the GDP growing at the rate of more than 10 per cent for al-most a decade. To sustain this, the Five-Year Growth and Transforma-tion Plan, also known as GTP, was launched in 2010/11. The plan calls for the agriculture sector to become the major source of economic devel-opment, while the industry sector is expected to take the lead at the end of the stated period. The government intends to promote industrialization through increased exports and import substitution.

Accordingly, Ethiopia has con-cluded the fourth year of the five year GTP, designed not only to ensure sus-tainability of the economic growth but also bring in a structural change into the economy. The success stories of the GTP so far show that the economy registered a growth rate of 11.2 per-cent. The three major sectors, i.e. the industry, agriculture and service sec-tors registered an auspicious result, which testifies the diversified nature of the country’s economy. Further, poverty has declined significantly, showing that the nation is in the right truck to achieve the Millennium De-velopment Goals (MDGs) by 2015.

By the end of the GTP period which ends in 2014/15, the industry sector is expected to double its growth to 20.1 per cent and agriculture, which is the main driver of the sustainable growth, is expected to double its pro-ductivity, enabling it to ensure both food self-efficiency and provide the industrial sector with required inputs.

The narrow base of Ethiopia’s in-dustrial sector is a challenge with sig-nificant implication on the country’s capacity to generate foreign exchange and create job opportunities for its growing labor force. Considering this fact, the industry sector is receiving and will receive utmost emphasis by

Why Buy Ethiopian? By Eyob Tadelle way of encouraging export based and import substituting industries. Vertical and horizontal linkages between agri-culture and industrial sector have been promoted.

The Government’s program also further focuses on strengthening the small and micro scale manufacturing enterprises, as they are the foundation for the establishment and intensifica-tion of medium and large scale indus-tries, besides creating employment opportunities and accelerating urban-ization. They have also been playing supportive role for the development of the agricultural sector. The govern-ment also encourages medium and large scale industry expansion with same commitment and zeal.

As clearly stated in the GTP, value adding private sector is consid-ered the engine of the sectors’ growth. Over the recent years, the business environment has become friendlier and trade and investment environment have improved rapidly; thus, attract-ing growing domestic and foreign pri-vate investment.

Ethiopia, rich in natural resourc-es, raw material for manufacturing and export market, has not exploited the global market opportunities yet. Notwithstanding some predicaments, the Ethiopian economy is in good shape - its foreign trade is steadily improving, much more foreign and local investors are coming and much more jobs have been created for citi-zens. Our market potential, at least translucently, is revealing its colossal prospect in the global market.

The private sector has increas-ingly become an essential pillar for achieving the goal of sustained eco-nomic growth and poverty reduction in Ethiopia following a shift in policy towards free market economy two de-cades ago. As a result, commendable economic activities have been created by the private sector in various areas such as in expanding job opportunities for citizens, promoting investment and export trade, among others. More-over, the private sector has become an essential ally in providing basic ser-vices as well as facilitating innovation and technology transfer.

Though, the national economy has enjoyed a double digit growth for the last decade, some economic sectors, such as the export trade and import substitution are lagging behind owing to the poor performance of the manufacturing sector. Considering this fact, the Ethiopian Chamber of Commerce and Sectoral Associations (ECCSA) has been doing various ac-tivities to create a strong and vibrant private sector in the nation so as to make it play a key role in the overall national economy, unlock the huge

market opportunities and put the na-tion in its rightful place in the global market.

Against this backdrop, the ECC-SA has been organizing various fo-rums zeroing on bringing the business community together, communicate and share ideas. The main purpose of the 7th Ethio-Chamber International Trade Fair is no exception to these.

This year’s trade fair, which is dubbed the 7th Ethio-Chamber Inter-national Trade Fair, is organized with the mantra ‘Buy Ethiopian’. The main focus is promoting Ethiopian products and services that are of international standard, as well as, imported prod-ucts which could serve as an input for local products, create an opportunity for technology and knowledge trans-fer and experience sharing.

The Ethiopian Chamber of Com-merce and Sectoral Associations (ECCSA) has long recognized the par-amount importance of trade fairs. The Ethiopian Chamber of Commerce and Sectoral Associations (ECCSA) has been undertaking various activities to strengthen the private sector thereby promoting export trade and import substitution of the nation. To this end, it has been organizing trade fairs un-der the mantra ‘Buy Ethiopian.’

The ‘Buy Ethiopian’ Trade Fair is instrumental in promoting Ethiopian goods and services, creating market linkage, knowledge and technology transfer thereby enhancing Ethiopia’s export trade and import substitution. Cognizant of this, the ECCSA has been working to raise the awareness of the Ethiopian business community to boost exporting processed goods rather than raw materials. The ECCSA has always been advocating for local businesses to engage in the manufac-turing sector which would help the nation to have a strong place in the global market. This would ultimately alleviate entry barriers of Ethiopian businesses to the world market. More-

over, the Buy Ethiopian motto has targeted not only in promoting Ethio-pian products to the outside market, but it is also intrinsically linked with strengthening the local market.

True, the success of the Ethio-Chamber International Trade Fair, which is organized by the ECCSA, has vindicated the growing organi-zational, promotional and human re-source capacity of the ECCSA. More-over, compared to the previous ones, the number of participants has in-creased by many folds. There are also parallel events which are organized in the sideline of this grand event, such as Business to Business Forum and Ethio-Japanese Business Day, among others.

The Chamber will organize Busi-ness to Business (B to B) Forums. As there would be over 200 local and for-eign companies drawn from various countries particularly India, Japan, United Arab Emirates, Sudan, Turkey, China and other countries are partici-pating, this would help promote the immense investment and trade oppor-tunities in Ethiopia and create market linkage for Ethiopian businesses.

This Trade Fair is believed to be instrumental in promoting Ethiopian goods and services, creating market linkage, knowledge and technology transfer thereby enhancing Ethiopia’s export trade and import substitution. Moreover, the Buy Ethiopian motto has targeted not only promoting Ethi-opian products to the outside market, but it is also basically linked with ex-panding local markets and correcting the misconceived attitude of the pub-lic towards local products.

Buy Ethiopian does not at all mean that it disregards showcasing imported goods particularly those that are directly or indirectly contribute to the locally produced goods and ser-vices. Instead it is aimed at attracting foreign companies that would supply inputs for the various sectors in the economy such as manufacturing and industrial equipment, chemicals and pharmaceuticals, agricultural ma-chineries, construction materials and logistics, among others. In terms of business, foreign exhibitors contrib-ute to the local economic basket. For the foreign exhibitors, on the other hand, this forum would enable them to undertake marketing research and business networking as well as gain potential customers. It is also an op-portunity for foreign participants to understand better the investment op-portunities in Ethiopia and enable them where and how they can invest either by themselves or in partnership with local businesses.

The Ethiopian

Chamber of Commerce

and Sectoral Associa-

tions (ECCSA) has

long recognized the

paramount impor-

tance of trade fairs

Buy Ethiopian!

International Trade Law


Ethiopia, rich in natural resources, raw material for manufac-turing and export market, has not exploited the global market op-portunities yet.

Notwithstanding some predicaments, the Ethiopian economy is in good shape - its foreign trade is steadily improving, much more foreign and local investors are coming and much more jobs have been created for citizens. Its market potential, at least translucently, is revealing its colossal prospect in the global market.

The private sector has increasingly become an essential pillar for achieving the goal of sustained economic growth and poverty reduction in Ethiopia following a shift in policy towards free market economy two decades ago. As a result, commendable economic ac-tivities have been created by the private sector in various areas such as in expanding job opportunities for citizens, promoting investment and export trade, among others. Moreover, the private sector has become an essential ally in providing basic services as well as facili-tating innovation and technology transfer.

Against this backdrop, the Ethiopian Chamber of Commerce and Sectoral Associations (ECCSA) has been undertaking various activities to strengthen the private sector thereby promoting export trade and import substitution of the nation. To this end, it has been organizing trade fairs under the mantra ‘Buy Ethiopian.’

The ‘Buy Ethiopian’ Trade Fair is instrumental in promoting Ethiopian goods and services, creating market linkage, knowledge and technology transfer thereby enhancing Ethiopia’s export trade and import substitution. Cognizant of this, the ECCSA has been working to raise the awareness of the Ethiopian business community to boost exporting processed goods rather than raw materials. The ECCSA has always been advocating for local businesses to engage in the manufacturing sector which would help the nation to have a strong place in the global market. This would ultimately alleviate entry barriers of Ethiopian businesses to the world market. More-over, the Buy Ethiopian motto has targeted not only in promoting Ethiopian products to the outside market, but it is also intrinsically linked with strengthening the local market.

True, the success of the Ethio-Chamber International Trade Fair, which is organized by the ECCSA, has vindicated the grow-ing organizational, promotional and human resource capacity of the ECCSA. Moreover, compared to the previous ones, the number of participants has increased by many folds. There are also paral-lel events which are organized in the sideline of this grand event, such as Business to Business Forum and Ethio-Japanese Business Day, among others. The Chamber will organize Business to Busi-ness (B to B) Forums. As there would be over 200 local and foreign companies drawn from various countries particularly India, Japan, United Arab Emirates, Sudan, Turkey, China and other countries are participating, this would help promote the immense investment and trade opportunities in Ethiopia and create market linkage for Ethio-pian businesses.

To cap it all, the ECCSA will, as it has long been the patron of the private sector, work hand in glove with the business community to safeguard the interests of the private sector thereby spur the over-all economy of the country.

International trade law includes the appropriate rules and customs for handling trade between countries. However, it is also used in legal writings as trade between private sectors, which is not right. This branch of law is now an independent field of study as most governments have become part of the world trade, as members of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Since the transaction between private sectors of different countries is an important part of the WTO activities, this latter branch of law is now a very important part of the academic works and is under study in many universities across the world.

International trade law should be distinguished from the broader field of international economic law. The latter could be said to encompass not only WTO law, but also law governing the international monetary system and cur-rency regulation, as well as the law of international development.

The body of rules for transnational trade in the 21st century derives from medieval commercial laws called the lex mercatoria and lex maritima — re-spectively, “the law for merchants on land” and “the law for merchants on sea.” Modern trade law (extending beyond bilateral treaties) began shortly after the Second World War, with the negotiation of a multilateral treaty to deal with trade in goods: the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).

International trade law is based on theories of economic liberalism devel-oped in Europe and later the United States from the 18th century onwards.

International Trade Law is an aggregate of legal rules of “international legislation” and new lex mercatoria, regulating relations in international trade. “International legislation” – international treaties and acts of interna-tional intergovernmental organizations regulating relations in international trade. lex mercatoria - “the law for merchants on land”. Alok Narayan defines “lex mercatoria” as “any law relating to businesses” which was criticized by Professor Julius Stone. and lex maritima - “the law for merchants on sea. Alok in his recent article criticized this definition to be “too narrow” and “merely-creative”. Professor Dodd and Professor Malcolm Shaw of Leeds University supported this proposition.

In 1995, the World Trade Organization, a formal international organiza-tion to regulate trade, was established. It is the most important development in the history of international trade law. The purposes and structure of the organization is governed by the Agreement Establishing The World Trade Organization, also known as the “Marrakesh Agreement”. It does not specify the actual rules that govern international trade in specific areas. These are found in separate treaties, annexed to the Marrakesh Agreement.

november, 2014 vol.12 No 13 Tel +251 1 51 82 40 P.O.Box 517 http//www.ethiopianchamber.com

(See the full story on page 7 )

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The 7th Ethio-Chamber International Trade Fair which is being conducted under the mantra ‘Buy Ethiopian’ opened today in the presence of high government officials, the business community, diplomats and other dignitaries at the Addis Ababa Exhibition Center. In the 7th Ethio-Chamber Interna-tional Trade Fair over 200 local and foreign companies drawn from different countries such as India, Japan, United Arab Emirates, Sudan,

The Ethio-Egypt Business Forum was held on the sideline of the Fifth Joint

Ministerial Commission Meeting on November 2, 2014 here in Addis Ababa.

The Forum aimed at pushing the commercial ties of the two countries forward, exploring areas of business cooperation, tapping the potential economic benefits, cementing the

Ethio-Egypt Business, Investment ties said Strengthening

IN THIS ISSUE7th Ethio-Chamber Internation-

al Trade Fair Opens TodayTurkey and China, among others, are taking part. The average growth of Ethiopian economy has been leapfrogging in recent years and investor interest is booming. Yet the nation’s import substitution performance in some sectors such as in manufacturing con-tinues to lag. Reconsidering this fact, the Ethiopian Chamber of Commerce and Sectoral Associations (ECCSA) has been rendering various services in a bid to catapulting the overall economic performance of the nation by organizing various fora, such as international trade fairs, inter alia.

Buy Ethiopian is the continuation of ECCSA’s resounding efforts of build-ing a vibrant and bona fide private sector in Ethiopia. The Trade Fair is believed to be instrumental in pro-moting Ethiopian goods and services, creating market linkage, facilitating knowledge and technology transfer thereby enhancing Ethiopia’s export trade and import substitution. There are also parallel events which are organized in the sideline of this grand event, such as Business to Business Forum. The Buy Ethiopian International Trade Fair will stay open from November 06-12, 2014.

By Eyob Tadelle

on to note that Ethiopia was deeply committed to jointly make business cooperation as a driving force for the mutual advancement of the two coun-tries and peoples overall relations. He added, the high-level Ethio-Egypt Business Forum was a manifestation of this commitment to make eco-nomic partnership at the centre of the cooperation of the two countries.

Pointing out Ethiopia’s firm commitment to the continuation of its investment and business ties with Egypt, he said that Egypt was one of the most important trading partners in Africa. He also explained the govern-ment’s development policies, strate-gies, and plans; areas of cooperation; Ethiopia’s success stories in all fronts and the status of the trade and invest-ment relations of the two countries.

Mounir Fakhay Abdeol Nour, Egypt’s Minister of Industry, Trade and SME’s, on his part said the forum sent out a clear signal that both coun-tries and peoples were determination to revive the manifold centuries-

people-to-people and business-to-business ties as well as maintaining the steady development momentum of the bilateral ties through economic partnership.

Opening the forum, Kebede Chane, Ethiopia’s Minister of Trade remarked that centuries-old historical, political, commercial and religious ties that defined the two countries’ long-standing bilateral relations. He went

The World Trade Organiza-tion (WTO) Ac-cession Process

8

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7Turkish Women Entrepreneurs meet Ethiopian Businesses

5

Why Buy Ethiopi-an?

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