Kuwait Evaluating the Kuwaiti Wastewater Development Strategy

8/11/2019 Kuwait Evaluating the Kuwaiti Wastewater Development Strategy

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Evaluating The Kuwaiti Wastewater Development

Strategy

Eng. Adel Al- saffarSection Head Of Sulaibiya WWTRP BOT PROJECT

Eng. Abdullah Al-Onaizi

Electrical Engineer BOT PROJECT

STATE OF KUWAIT

MINISTRY OF PUBLIC WORKS


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Key topics to be addressed:

1- Summary about State of Kuwait

2- The sector responsible for sanitation in the State of Kuwait3- Sewage system and networks

4- Wastewater treatment plants in the State of Kuwait

5- private sector involvement in infrastructure projects

6 the full re-use of treated wastewater (TSE)


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Introd

uction

toKuwait

State of Kuwait has a land area of17,818 km2

The population of Kuwait is 3.6million (June 2010)

About 98% of population live within

Kuwait Metropolitan Area, 810 km2

or 4.5% of total area

Kuwait is the only country in theworld without natural lakes orperennial rivers

Climate of Kuwait is dry, hot desertand annual evaporation farexceeds rainfall average of 125mmper year


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Introduction

toKuw

ait

Kuwait is part of a large regional desert

situated at low altitude.

Average diurnal temperature is 33C,

but drops as low as -3C in January.

Maximum temperature is 52C.

Annual rainfall is between 25 mm and

175 mm, most of this falling between

October and March. Winter also brings

fierce dust storms.

The harsh climate and the rapid growth

of demand on fresh water resources

due to increasing urbanization and

agricultural projects, leads to search

for alternative sources of water.

Population increase results in growing

volumes of municipal wastewater. This

leads to health and environmental

problems if not treated properly.


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Competence and responsibilities

The Ministry of Public Works

Study and design, construction and maintenance:

Roads and bridges Infrastructure for residential areas

Rain and sanitation networks and facilities

Various governmentalfacilities and buildings


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Sanitary Engineering Sector

The sanitary engineering sector in the Ministry of Public

Works is in charge of Wastewater Management and

the preparation of technical studies and technicalassistance to develop the facility and construction of

all projects related to the renewal of sewerage systems

and improving the performance of transfer stations

and collection and water treatment, and raising theefficiency of capacity of the networks to meet the rates

of population growth and urbanization and the steady

increase in the numbers of the population


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Per capita consumption of water in the Stateof Kuwait, compared with some of the world

Wateruseingallonspercapitaper

day


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Freshwater consumption in Kuwait

85%

residential area

utilities

industry

CommercialAgriculture


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0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

m

illioncubicmetresperyear

Continued growing demand for fresh waterwill double production in 2025 to four timesthe current production


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Pollutants in Raw Sewage

Raw domestic sewage consists of physical andchemical compounds, microbes and viruses.

The physical compounds can be divided into99.9% water and 0.1% solids (pollutants). The

solids can by divided into dissolved solids (75%- 65%) and suspended solids (25% - 35%) whichare 50% settle-able suspended solids and 50%non settle-able solids.

The chemical compounds can be grouped into30% inorganic compounds such as salts, metals,grit and sand.

Remaining 70% are Organic Compounds suchas fats, carbohydrates and proteins.


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Desalination

Ground water

Water Reuse

WATER RESOURCES


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Desalination.

The installed desalination capacityexceeds 3000 million m3 yearly.

Representing about 50% of Worlds

desalination capacity.

Covers about 90% of thedomestic/industrial demand.

GCC capital investments for past twodecades is us $ 16 billion.

GCC needed investments for coming 20

years is about us $ 50 billion.


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Ground Water

Provides Majority Of Total Water Demand inGCC

Excessive withdrawal from aquifers in thepast years at a rate exceeding the naturalreplenishment led to :

Depletion.

Increase in the capital and operationalcost.

Increase in salinity.


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Waste Water Reuse

Solves two problems :

Environmental Pollution

Water Resource Deficit

Available in different alternatives: Secondary,

Tertiary, UF & RO.

Various applications depending on treatmentlevel


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Sewage Treatment

Sewage treatment is traditionally divided into the following stages:

Primary treatment, which is based on physical operations such as screening, de-

gritting and odour control.

Secondary treatment, which is biological treatment using activated sludge and

performed in bioreactors (aeration tanks) and classifiers.

Tertiary treatment, which applies physical and chemical operations such as

filtration and chlorination.

RO treatment, which applies ultra and micro filtration using Reverse Osmosis.

Sludge treatment, which applies physical and biological treatment operations such

as thickeners and digesters (aerobic).


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The Sewerage System in Kuwait

Th t & f t t t i


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The present & future strategiesfor the sanitary sector

A Replacement of deterred pipes(asbestos) with a better quality pipes that

have longer life time which can reaches 50years and over and can resists theaggressive soil from outside and the highlypolluted sewage from inside.

B - Replacing the old concrete manholeswith new lined manholes which can resistthe aggressive nature of the gases thatemissions from the sewage.

Renovation of old network as follows:

Th & f i


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C - Improving the slope of the sewer pipes in the hole network to gain thefollowing :

1- Faster flow inside the pipe (self cleaning).

2-Deleting old lifting and pumping stationsto reduce the operation , maintains andodor problems.

3-Constracting new 6 huge pumping stationswhich will replace the 21 old pumpingstations and there related lifting stations.

The present & future strategies

for the sanitary sector

N D T l S


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New Deep Tunnel Sewers

and Pumping Stations

Four main sub-catchments will be served by

the new system

1. Mishref PS Serves areas to the south and

east of the City centre and transfers sewage

to Ardiya PS and on to Sulaibiya SewageTreatment Plant (STP)

2. Riggae PS Serves areas to the north and

east of the city centre and also transfers to

the Ardiya/Sulaibiya system

3. Egaila PS Serves the south of the KuwaitMunicipal Area and transfers sewage to the

Riqqa STP.

4. Jahra PS Serves the Jahra catchment and

will transfer sewage to Kabd STP


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FUTUER SEWAGE NETWORK

MAIN GRAVITY LINES 100 Km

MAIN PRESSURE LINES 120 Km

NORTH

A7

Mishref

Egaila

Ardiya

JAHRA

PUMP

Sulaibiya

WWTWKABED

WWTW

Um Hyman

WWTW

MAIN PUMPING STATIOS (5)


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Jahra STP

Sulaibiya STP

Umm Al Hayman STP

Riqqa STP

Al Wafra STP

Failaka STP

Al Khiran STP


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Riqqa STP

Umm Al Hayman STP

SulaibiyaSTP

Al Khiran STP

Jahra STP

Sewage Treatment Plants in Kuwait


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KABD TREATMENT

PLANT

JAHRA

PUMPING

STATION


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Riqqa STP (Tertiary)

Treatment capacity 180,000 m3/day, currently receiving 220,000

m3/day. Under current Master Plan, sewage flows will be transferred

to new Umm Al Hayman STP by 2015.


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Umm Al Hayman STP (Tertiary)

Current treatment capacity of

27,000 m3/day and treating

20,000 m3/day.

Under the current Master Plan

this site will be expanded to

treat up to 650,000 m3/day.

Extensive Treated Sewage

Effluent (TSE) network proposed

for expanded works


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Sulaibiya STP, Reverse Osmosis

Sulaibiya is the largest STP in the world that uses Reverse Osmosis

(RO) technology as an advanced treatment for wastewater

Treated wastewater produced is potable water quality standard

and it treats 425,000 m3/day. The plant could be further expandedto treat a maximum of 600,000 m3/day.


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Sulaibiya STP(RO)


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RO Plant: 42 x 72 x 7 = 21,168 elements


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Quantity of Treated Wastewater, 2010

STP Site Wastewater

Received

TSE produced RO Product

Water

produced

Wastewater

converted to re-

usable product

m3/d m3/d m3/d %

Sulaibiya 430,000 - 340,000 80

Umm Al

Hayman

20,000 20,000 - 100

Riqqa 230,000 230,000 - 100

Jahra 120,000 120,000 - 100

Al Khiran 300 300 - 100

TOTAL 800,300 370,300 340,000 89

MEW


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Quality of Treated Wastewater, 2010

Parameter UNIT INFLOW TERTIARY R.O

Parameters

of irrigation

water

MEW

Parameters

of Drinking

water

PH 6.5- 8 6.5- 7.5 6-8 6.58 6.87.5

Conductivity s/cm 1200- 3000 1100- 2200 1500 515T.S.S. mg/L 100- 500 < 10 < 1 15 _

V.S.S. mg/L 70- 350 < 7.0 < 1 _ _

C.O.D. mg/L 250- 750 < 40 100 _

B.O.D 5 mg/L 100- 400 < 10 < 1 20 _

Grease & Oil mg/L 10- 50 NIL < 0.05 5 _

T.D.S. mg/L 700- 1800 800- 1500 < 100 _ 400

Chloride mg/L 200- 400 200- 400 _ 103

Ammonia mg/L 15- 50 1- 5 < 1 15 _

Nitrite mg/L 0.04- 0.7 0.1- 1.5 < 1 _ _

Total Count colony/100mL 2.40E+09 1E+03 NIL _ NIL

T.Coli colony/100mL 3.20E+08 400 NIL 400 NIL

F.Coli colony/100mL 4.10E+07 0 - 10 NIL 20 NIL

Salmonella colony/100mL 4.50E+06 NIL NIL _ NIL

Streptococci colony/100mL 1.40E+07 NIL NIL _ NIL

-


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WATER PARAMETERS


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Characteristics of treated wastewater

used for Irrigation

The quality of treated wastewater used for irrigation in

agriculture and landscaping falls within the standard limits laid

down by Kuwait EPA and Kuwait MPW.

Sulaibiya recycling plant is designed to comply with Kuwait EPAstandards, that are in line with other agricultural water reuse

standards such as USEPA standard

Product Water contains zero bacteria count

Product water contains lower levels of organics, solids andammonia than those required by potable water standards


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Reuse of Treated Wastewater

Treated wastewater (TSE) provides both moisture and

nutrients for the growth of plants and other vegetation.

Reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation and landscaping

has proved to be an important and alternate source forirrigation and other uses in Kuwait.

The volume of wastewater is estimated to be 70 to 80 % of

the potable water consumption by the population.

Treated wastewater is available to different standards inKuwait; Tertiary & RO Product Water


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Evolution of Wastewater Reuse


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Water Reuse in Kuwait

Solves two problems:

Environmental Pollution

Introduction of new strategic water source

Various Applications depending on treatment level

Seeking new applications for reuse, Sewer Cleaning?

Current Demand for TSE exceeds the available supply


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Distribution of Treated Water

Due to the huge demand for treated wastewater in different

areas in the State of Kuwait, it was necessary to construct

extensive TSE distribution networks as shown in the

following slides.

The TSE network consists of DMC (Data Monitoring Centre),

holding tanks of different sizes, pumping stations and long

pipelines of various diameters.

As a result of providing treated wastewater, a decrease in the

demand for freshwater has been noticed.

At the same time, the demand for the treated water

increased to a point that demand at this moment is more

than the available supply.


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KuwaitBorder

BubiyanIsland

FailakaIsland

N

Project A: 8 MIGD

Project B: 26 MIGD(B1&B2)

Project C: 16 MIGD

40 MIGD

40 MIGD

Project D: 25 MIGD

20 MIGD: Z Farms

0.5 MIGD scientific club

1.1 MIGDHunting & Chivalry Club

1 MIGDCivil AviationKuwait

Airport

1.5 MIGD Alshohada Farm

2 MIGD West Fintas

3.6 MIGD Umm Al Hayman

0.1 MIGD Omari & Rabiya Farm Future Projects :

Different Projects : Ongoing Projects :

DMC

Abdally

Farms

Wafra

Farms

Um-al Ramam Lake


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TSE Pipelines


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One TSE gravity DI pipeline(1100mm Dia) from Jahra

STP to Reservoirs in DMC.

TSE Pipelines


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Four effluent GRP pipelines (1400mm Dia) fromSulaibiya WWTP toReservoirs in DMC.

TSE Pipelines


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Uses of Treated Wastewater

Government of Kuwait is committed to make urban and suburban areas

greener and to encourage Agricultural Projects such as:

Beautification all over Kuwait with Landscaping

Crops and Alfalfa Locations :

~ Al Wafra Farms (RO) - (Crops)

~ Al Abdally Farms (RO) - (Crops)

~ Al Mutahida (Tertiary) - Alfalfa

~ Al Rabya (Tertiary)

~ Artificial lagoons: Um-Al Ramam Lake

Two Golf Courses, one built to International PGA Standards


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Treated Wastewater

Usage in Kuwait


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Golf Courses


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Golf course/Race track


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Alfalfa Farms


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Crops Strategic Projects Currently


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Strategic Projects Currently

Being Delivered

Agreement No. EF/S/121 Kuwait Sanitary

Master Plan. This project will deliver a

strategy for the development of Kuwaits

sanitary system until 2045. The Master Plan

will incorporate strategy related to the

development of sewers, pumping stations

and sewage treatment plants, as well as the

interaction with final effluent distribution

and sludge management. Agreement No. EF/S/83 Rehabilitation and

Improvement of Sewerage and

Infrastructure in Jleeb Al-Shuyoukh, Phase

XIII.

Strategic Projects currently


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Strategic Projects currently

being Tendered

Agreement No. EF/S/87 for Rehabilitation and Improvement of

Sewerage and Infrastructure in Al-Andalus, Gernata, Sabah Al-

Nasser Areas, Phase XV

Financial Models for Future Projects


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Private Sector Involvement

State of Kuwait keen to include Private sector to deliver Mega Projects in thecurrent 5-year Development Plan, 32 Projects identified

Law No. 7 of 2008 provides for Project Implementation through Public PrivatePartnerships (PPP), will raise Capital and Boost Efficiency

Partnerships Technical Bureau (PTB) established in 2008 under Decree No. 146to deliver PPP projects in Kuwait

Projects classified into 3 categories:

Less than KD 60 million (US $ 215 million)

Between KD 60-250 million (US $ 215-900 million)

More than KD 250 million

Current list of Mega Projects include:

Kuwait Metro and Rail

Roads Master Plan

Expansion of Kuwait International Airport

Development of Failaka Island

Az Zour Independent Water and Power Production

New Umm Al Hayman Sewage Treatment Plant



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Private Sector Involvement

New Umm Al Hayman STP procured through PPP

Ultimate capacity of new STP will be 650,000 m3/day

Cost of new Umm Al Hayman STP and related worksis about KD 450 million (US$ 1.6 Billion)

Related Works includes comprehensive TSENetwork

Transaction Advisory Services being tendered now

New STP and TSE Network will be operational by2015


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Summary

Water supplies are being put under increasing stress due topopulation, drought and per capita usage increase

Traditional view is that water is an inexpensive and freelyavailable product, this needs to be changed

Current Kuwait Sanitary Master Plan project is identifying thestrategy for expanding Kuwaits wastewater network and

treatment for the next 35 years

Kuwaits effluent reuse strategy involve TSE for beautification

as well as RO product water for crop irrigation

85% of Kuwaits wastewater is recycled into a reusable product.Current Demand exceeds Supply of TSE and RO product water

Economic restrictions on development of new facilities meansPPP is becoming a more attractive procurement method fordelivering the new Kuwaiti wastewater development facilities


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In Conclusion

The State of Kuwait currently Reuses all its treated wastewater

Major new wastewater treatment plant is planned for Umm AlHayman

Umm Al Hayman STP includes an extensive TSE network in thesouth in order to ensure total Reuse of all TSE produced

Private sector involvement in the delivery of Umm Al Hayman STPwill be sought through PPP


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Water Reuse represents a Genuine Water Resource that

Makes Perfect nvironmental and conomic Sense

hank you

for your kind attention

Kuwait Evaluating the Kuwaiti Wastewater Development Strategy

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