Kingdom Fungi. What are Fungi? Fungi are NOT PLANTS Study of fungi = mycology Defined as a –...
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Transcript of Kingdom Fungi. What are Fungi? Fungi are NOT PLANTS Study of fungi = mycology Defined as a –...
![Page 1: Kingdom Fungi. What are Fungi? Fungi are NOT PLANTS Study of fungi = mycology Defined as a – single or multi-celled eukaryote with heterotrophic, absorptive.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081506/5697c0311a28abf838cdb187/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Kingdom Fungi
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What are Fungi?• Fungi are NOT PLANTS • Study of fungi = mycology
• Defined as a– single or multi-celled eukaryote with
heterotrophic, absorptive nutrition, chitinous cell walls, and which stores energy as glycogen.
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Characteristics • Heterotrophic
– Cannot make own food
• Absorptive nutrition– Produce enzymes that break down food outside
body– Then absorb small molecules released by enzymes
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Characteristics • Cell walls made of chitin
– 2 general growth patterns• Single cells: example is yeast• Hyphae: example mushrooms
• Reproduce by spores• Vital role in ecosystem
– Decomposers– Symbiotic – Predators
– Cordycepes: The Killer Fungus
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Structure & Function• Hyphae
– Tubular– Long, slender branching filaments– Hard wall of Chitin– Crosswalls may form compartments– Grow at tips
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Structure & Function• Fruiting Body
– Reproductive structure– Grows from mycelium
• Mycelium– Mass of branching
hyphae below soil
• Example: Mushroom
Fungal Structure Video
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Fruiting Body and Mycelium
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Reproduce by Spores• Spores are reproductive cells
– Sexual: plus (+) and minus (-)– Asexual: budding or breaking hyphae
• Formed– Directly on hyphae– Inside sporangia– Fruiting bodies
Above: HyphaeMiddle: sporangiaFar Left: fruiting body
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Hyphal growth from spore
Germinating spore
Mycelium
Mycelia have a huge surface area
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Asexual Reproduction
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Sexual Reproduction
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Diversity of Fungi
Classified by their reproductive structures
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Phylum Basidiomycota“Club Fungi”
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Gills with BasidiaCap
Rhizoids
Spores Released!
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Phylum Ascomycota“Sac Fungi”
Baker’s Yeast
Penicillium
Morels
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True Morel False Morel
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Asci with ascopores
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Phylum Zygomycota
Rhizopus mycelium
Mycorrhizae
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Bread Mold with sporangia
Zygospore
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Ecological Role
• Decomposers– break down complex molecules into sugars
or consume sugars found in environment.– Examples
• Common bread molds• Shelf fungi• White button mushrooms
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Ecological Role
• Symbiotic Fungi– receive their energy (carbohydrates)
directly from a plant or algal partner. • Examples
– mycorrhizal fungi (live on plant roots)• 90% of all plants have fungal relationship
– lichens (contain algae)
"The Rotten World About Us"