Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts,...
-
Upload
stuart-sutton -
Category
Documents
-
view
235 -
download
2
Transcript of Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts,...
![Page 1: Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d065503460f949d94de/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Kingdom Fungi
fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms
![Page 2: Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d065503460f949d94de/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Characteristics of Fungi• Fungi (along w/ bacteria)
are the main decomposers on earth
decomposer – an organism that feeds on and breaks down dead plant or animal matter
Some scientists believe that
fungi evolved from ancient fungus-like protists
![Page 3: Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d065503460f949d94de/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Mycology -
the study of fungi
fungi - PLURAL
fungus - SINGULAR
1) fungi are eukaryotic•they have a nucleus &
mitochondria2) they are heterotrophs•they depend on other organisms for food3) most are multicellular (yeast are
single-celled)4) they cannot move on their own
4 Main Characteristics of Fungi
![Page 4: Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d065503460f949d94de/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• Some fungi live in symbiotic relationships with other organisms
- Example - Many types of fungi grow on the roots of plants. They release an acid that changes minerals in the soil into forms that plants can use.
The fungi also protect the plant from some disease-causing organisms.
• Except for yeasts, most fungi are multicellular
Characteristics of Fungi
![Page 5: Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d065503460f949d94de/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Parts of Fungi
Hyphae - network of thin thread-like structures that form the “body” of a fungus
•Multicellular fungi are made up of chains of cells called hyphae•The hyphae grow together to form a twisted mass called the mycelium
hypha - singularhyphae - plural
![Page 6: Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d065503460f949d94de/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Mycelium - a mass of hyphae
•The mycelium is usually hidden in the soil, in wood, or another food source
•A mycelium may be the size of a single ant, or cover many acres
Parts of Fungi
![Page 7: Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d065503460f949d94de/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Hyphae/Mycelium
![Page 8: Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d065503460f949d94de/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Hyphae/Mycelium
![Page 9: Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d065503460f949d94de/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
What are we looking at when we see a fungus?
•The ‘living’ body of the fungus is the mycelium
• The part of the fungus that we see is the part that carries out reproduction
![Page 10: Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d065503460f949d94de/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Fungi Reproduction
• Fungi are able to reproduce asexually or sexually
• Sexual Reproduction - the hyphae of two fungi grow together and a new spore producing structure grows from the joined hyphae
• Asexual Reproduction 1. hyphae break apart and form a newmycelium 2. budding3. spores
![Page 11: Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d065503460f949d94de/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
•most fungi reproduce by using spores
•spores depend on the wind, animals, or water for dispersal
•some fungi can shoot their spores
Fungi Reproduction
![Page 12: Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d065503460f949d94de/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Food for Fungi• Fungi are consumers that
obtain food by decomposing organic matter or through a parasitic relationship
• Fungi are heterotrophs and get their energy from living or once living matter
• Fungi must live on or near their food supply
• Most fungi obtain nutrients by secreting digestive juices onto a food source, then absorbing the dissolved substances
![Page 13: Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d065503460f949d94de/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Kinds of Fungi
• A fungus is classified into a particular group based on its shape and the way it reproduces
• Four main groups:1. Threadlike Fungi2. Imperfect Fungi3. Sac Fungi4. Club Fungi
![Page 14: Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d065503460f949d94de/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
1. Threadlike Fungi/MoldExample: Bread Mold
2. Imperfect Fungi - can only reproduce asexually
- cause most fungal diseases in humans
Example: ringworm, athletes foot, thrush (parasitism), penicillin
Kinds of Fungi
![Page 15: Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d065503460f949d94de/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
3. Club fungi
4. Sac Fungi
Example: yeasts, cup fungi, powdery mildews, & lichens
Example: Mushrooms
Kinds of Fungi
![Page 16: Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d065503460f949d94de/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Lichens
A lichen is a combination of a fungus and an alga that grow intertwined
The alga actually lives inside the protective walls of the fungus
Lichens are producers Mutualism
![Page 17: Kingdom Fungi fungi - heterotrophic single-celled or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d065503460f949d94de/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
WHY DO I CARE?
Fungi are decomposers-without them we would not have any other life.
Fungi are economically important$$$$$$$$. Baked goods Brewing Mushrooms Antibiotics Crop Damage