Abstract for TI – ADC 2012 on

Project Domain: Automation, Security, Wireless

KIDS TRACKING AND SAFETY SYSTEM USING RFID AND GSM MODULE

Shri Govindram Seksaria Institute of Technology and Science, Indore Affiliated to

Rajiv Gandhi Technical University, Bhopal Submitted By:

Faculty Advisor: Dr. R.S Gamad Professor, Department of Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering, SGSITS, Indore (M.P.) Contact No: +91 9424584695 Email ID: rsgamad@gmail.com

Name Degree Semester Branch Ayushi Jain

B.E. V Electronics &

Instrumentation Engg.

Rimsha Khan B.E. V Electronics &

Instrumentation Engg.

Phalguni Khare B.E. V Electronics &

Instrumentation Engg.

Rachna Singh B.E V Electronics &

Instrumentation Engg.

Mohit Kumar Panchal B.E. V Electronics &

Instrumentation Engg.

Requirement

As the country’s economy booms and millions make the leap from poverty to the ranks of the new middle

class, there has been a corresponding surge in kidnapping for ransom as those who feel left behind seek a

share of the spoils.

Insurers rank INDIA as the fifth most dangerous country in the world for kidnapping. In May 2011,

India’s National Human Rights Commission estimated that 60,000 children go missing nationwide every

year, fewer than a third are found. Some are taken to work in factories or end up as beggars, but figures from

Delhi police show that kidnap for ransom is on rise.

In 2008, there were 1,233 cases in the national capital, by last year that had soared to 2,975.in first three

months of 2011,802 cases were registered. There were a total of 33,098 crimes reported against children in

2011, of which 15,284 were kidnapping cases.

Given kidnapping’s new ubiquity, it takes a particularly gruesome case to attract national attention.

Thus, now a day’s parents are afraid of sending their small kids to school due to rising kidnapping cases.

The proposal of our project is to make a secured system for children which not only protect them from kidnapping but it also ensure that school bus never exceed a predefined speed (Threshold speed). Thus our system gives entire information regarding the location & nearby situations of the children via GPS and GSM, so we can access location of children at any time. Camera facility is also given so that we can get images at the time of danger. Some Issues of our project are

School bus speed Location access

The system we propose enforces a uniform and well communicated protocol which would help to overcome the issues above.

Moreover, sometimes the school bus driver exceeds the speed limit which may lead to fatal accidents and it

becomes impossible for parents to identify the exact location of their small kids. Sometimes the small kid

left the school in innocence and forgets his way, so it’s very necessary to develop a system that tracks the

exact location of the child, so that parents conveniently reach their child. Such a system may also lead to

reduction in kidnapping cases.

Introduction to the Proposed System In India, majority of children go to school by school bus or other public vehicle, so parents always fear

whether their children have reached school safely or not. Due to increase in number of kidnapping and

road accident cases, the fear is further increased. Hence, we propose a low cost system which will make

sure that the child has reached school safely.

In this system a MODULE KIT and RFID tag is given to the child. When the child leaves home RFID

reader turns on the module kit via RF communication which is GPS and GSM enabled. Parents get the

location of the child via GPS. Sometimes school bus drivers are also careless, so our system limits the

maximum speed of school bus. A sensor is connected with school bus speedometer which ensures that

threshold speed (40 km/hr) of bus is not exceeded. If bus exceeds the threshold limit then the module kit

gets ON via HT12D (RF modules), thus GSM sends message to the parents. As the child will enter the

school, the module kit will get turn OFF due to RF interfacing with the school receiver and the parents will

get a message - “your child has reached safely”. If the bus would not reach in time or is in case of

emergency, the parents can request the system to take the picture of the scenario, thus a micro camera

(which is attached with the child’s kit will get turn on and it takes images. These images will be sent to the

parents via GSM so that they can examine the situation.

The main advantage of our system is automation. There is a system kit which will be initialized by parents

first, and then it will continue to be in synchronization with parents. In case of any emergency the camera

will get turn on and send picture. The child has nothing to do with this kit, it will be simply kept into his/her

bag.

3 Requirements of the system are:

Module kit must be first initialized by parents (turned on via RFID module). Child must carry the module kit. It should be disabled by the school guard on reaching school. Speedometer must be connected with sensor and HT12E.

Details of the System:

RFID: used to turn on and turn off the module via HT12E.

GSM\GPRS Unit: will contain module for transferring data, SMS and voice call to the external entities viz. relatives and parents.

GPS Unit: containing cohesively made GPS module for obtaining the longitude and latitude of the vehicle.

Camera Unit: comprising of a camera module strategically placed for capturing photographs when

requested by some interrupt given by the parents.

Power Management Unit: This unit powers the whole system. It consists of a buck convertor for stepping down input voltage from vehicle’s battery and will provide continuous power supply.

Sensing Unit: The sensing element will connect with the speedometer of the school bus, to ensure that

maximum speed limit of bus is maintained.

The prototype - Technical Specifications and variations from actual system

In this prototype, a micro camera, GSM and GPS module kit, RFID, RF receiver and HT12E-HT12D is

used. As the child leaves home, RFID will interface with the module kit and enables it. Module kit contains

GSM and GPS which is in constant communication with parents’ mobile. There is another RF receiver at

school gate which can interact with RFID and disable the module kit. Also a sensor is connected with

speedometer of school bus which turns on HT12E on exceeding a particular speed limit. Thus HT12D of

module kit gets turned on and sends text to parents about the exceeded speed. If bus does not reaches in

particular time, then GSM will send a message to parents, after that parent can request images of the

scenario through the camera which will be turned ON by microcontroller, it will capture the scenario and

sends it to parents regularly in fixed duration of time.

In our actual implementation, the whole system (module kit) would be placed in school bag of the child. This bag is always with the child outside school so we get continuous location of the child. RFID can be used as I-CARD.

RF Receiver and transmitter module (HT12D&HT12E)

Its function is to guide RFID

RFID module:

Texas Instrument’s RFID reader and tags

GSM Unit: SIM 900 based GSM/GPRS modem

Dual-Band GSM/GPRS 900/ 1800 MHz Control via AT commands

The GSM/GPRS module will have internal TCP/IP stack to enable it to connect to internet via GPRS.

GPS Unit: : Texas Instrument’s CC4000 GPS Module kit having:

NMEA Protocol Communication (provides time, position, speed, satellite status, and course) Tracking Accuracy better than 3 meters Host interface - UART

Camera A µCAM of low resolution

It can be activated using HT12D

t can capture photo repeatedly in fixed interval.

Should consume minimum power

Power Management Unit: Texas Instrument’s TPS5430 - Buck Converter having:

Wide Input Voltage Range: 5.5 V to 36 V High Efficiency up to 95% enabled by 110-m Integrated MOSFET Switch Wide Output Voltage Range: Adjustable Down to 1.22 V with 1.5% Initial Accuracy System protected by over current Limiting, Overvoltage Protection and Thermal Shutdown

Speedometer: A metal plate is attached along the danger zone (beyond 40 km/hr). As the speed exceeds

beyond 40 km/hr the pointer comes in contact with the metal plate and generates a signal to turn-on the GSM

module.

Diagrammatic overview of the system

Future Application

Although this system is developed for school children, in future it can be installed in prisons, asylums,

hostels etc. RFID tags can be given to each patient of Asylum. If anybody tries to escape out the alarm is

turned on. The same system can be used in Jail to ensure that no criminal breaks out of prison.

Government can commercialize it for every school, hospital, prison etc. Thus the whole system will get

secured.