Key to Squamulose Lichens Sipman 2005

7/28/2019 Key to Squamulose Lichens Sipman 2005

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Key to squamulose lichens

1a Perithecia present---2

1b Apothecia present, or fruitbodies absent---6

2a Ascospores simple or transversely septate---3

2b Ascospores muriform---4

3a Ascospores simple; no algae present in hymenium---Catapyrenium

3b Ascospores transversely septate; no algae present in hymenium (perithecia rare)---

Normandina

4a Algae present in hymenium; cortical cells of thallus smooth-walled---Endocarpon

4b Algae absent in hymenium; cortical cells of thallus finely papilose (in microscopical

section)---5

5a Photobiont green---Agonimia

5b Photobiont blue-green---Psoroglaena

6a (1) Squamules rounded, whitish with raised margin, ca. 1 mm diam.; fruit bodies

absent (perithecia)---Normandina

6b Squamules usually elongated and greenish, without raised margin---7

7a Algae blue-green---8

7b Algae green---13

8a Thallus gelatinous, without distinct cortex and medulla, with smooth surface---see

separate key forLichinaceae

8b Thallus gelatinous, without distinct cortex and medulla, with papillose hyphae on the

upper surface and sorediate below; subfruticose squamules c. 1-2 mm long---

Acantholichen

8c Thallus not gelatinous, heteromerous, with distinct cortex and medulla---9

9a Thallus dark brown to black, on sunny rocks---Peltula

9b Like a, on bark---Phyllopeltula

9c Thallus blue-grey to brown, epiphytic, terrestrial or on shady rock---10

10a Thallus with distinct, often tomentose, prothallus; apothecia with or without thalline

margin---Parmeliella

10b Thallus without prothallus; apothecia always with thalline margin---11

11a Apothecial margin with green algae; ascospores bicellular, brown---Solorina

11b Apothecial margin with blue-green algae; ascospores simple, hyaline---12

11c Apothecial margin without algae; ascospores simple, hyaline---Coccocarpia

12a Asci with I+ blue apical plug; thallus usually brownish; southward to Mexico?;

with white spots on lobe margins---Fuscopannaria
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12b Asci without I+ blue apical plug; thallus usually blue-grey; widespread and

polymorphic---Pannaria

13a (7) Upper surface of squamules byssoid, lacking cortex---14

13b Upper surface of squamules more or less smooth, with cortex, sometimes

pruinose---15

14a Epiphytic; thallus squamules connected into rosette-like thalli, algiferous---

Crocynia

14b On algae-covered earth of banks, or on mosses on similar places; "thallus

squamules" widely scattered, without algae (basidiocarps)---Cyphellostereum

15a Tomentose prothallus present---16

15b No tomentose prothallus---19

16a Squamules with an upper and lower cortex comprised of a thin layer of cubic

cells---Eschatogonia16b Squamule cortex otherwise, lower cortex usually absent---17

17a Apothecium margin concolorous with thallus, containing algae---Physcidia

17b Apothecium margin not concolorous with thallus, without algae---18

18a Ascospores generally over 25 m, transversely many-septate---Squamacidia

18b Ascospores generally under 25 m, simple or one-septate---Phyllopsora

19a (15) Thallus yellow to orange---20

19b Thallus pale grey to greenish grey or somewhat brownish---23

20a Thallus K+ dark violet---21

20b Thallus K- or K+ weakly reddish---22

21a Thallus lobes ascending, c. 2 mm long, convex; medulla yellow; apothecia black,

globose---Xanthopsorella

21b Thallus lobes mostly applanate and restricted to thallus margin; medulla white;

apothecia shades of yellow to red, usually flat---Caloplaca

22a Apothecia lecanorine, yellow; on rock---Candelina

22b Apothecia lecideine, black; on soil---Psora

23a (19) On soil---24

23b Epiphytic, occasionally on rock---29

23c On rock---37

24a Squamules whitish grey on both sides, elongate and erect; ascocarps unknown---25

24b Squamules more pale on lower side, more or less appressed to substrate; ascocarps

often present (when ascocarps absent, see also under dimorphic lichens with

squamulose primary thallus, couplet 15)---26

25a Cortical cells of thallus finely papillose; squamules delicate, lacerate---Agonimia25b Cortical cells of thallus not papillose; squamules thick, crenate ---Siphula
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26a Ascospores simple---27

26b Ascospores transversely septate; apothecia lecideine---Toninia (s.l.)

27a Apothecia lecanorine---Psoroma

27b Apothecia lecideine---28

28a Thallus without soralia---Psora

28b Thallus with labriform soralia---Trapeliopsis

29a (23) Squamules whitish grey on both sides, erect; ascocarps unknown; on old tree

trunks---30

29b Squamules greenish or brownish above, pale below---31

30a Cortical cells of thallus finely papillose; squamules delicate, lacerate---Agonimia

30b Cortical cells of thallus not papillose; squamules thick, crenate ---Siphula

31a Squamules very elongated, to c. 15 x 1 mm; ascocarps unknown---Pseudohepatica31b Squamules rounded to moderately elongate and more or less incised, mostly under

5 mm long---32

32a Thallus thin, corticate with a thin layer of cubic cells on both sides ---Eschatogonia

32b Thallus without such cortex---33

33a Ascospores simple---34

33b Ascospores transversely septate---36

34a Thallus C+ red, with labriform soralia---Hypocenomyce

34b Thallus C-, without or with capitate soralia---35

35a Apothecia lecanorine---Psoroma

35b Apothecia biatorine---"Biatora" s.l.

36a Ascospores acicular---Bacidiopsora

36b Ascospores fusiform to bacillar---Psorella

37a (23) Ascospores with many in each ascus, usually under 10 m long---Acarospora

37b Ascospores 8 in each ascus, usually over 20 m long---Placopsis

page editor: Harrie Sipman, last update: 14 June 2005,imprint

http://www.bgbm.org/sipman/keys/neokeyE.htm
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Key to Squamulose Lichens Sipman 2005

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