Ken Jennings’ Junior Genius Guides: Maps and Geography (Excerpt)

7/27/2019 Ken Jennings Junior Genius Guides: Maps and Geography (Excerpt)

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MAPS AND GEOGRAPHY

BY KEN JENNINGS

ILLUSTRATED BY MIKE LOWERY

LITTLE SIMON

Nw Yk Ld Tt Sydy Nw Dlh


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1

All ht, l, tht th ll. Evy l d yu

t d qut dw.I P J, d Ill th

tdy l d hy. Yu uld -

ly tll I th th u I lt tll th

yu, d I hv dk wth lt tht y

professor jennings. Al I w dut

ht d w d hld l d I hv hu hd

d ull kwld. Ju Gu: I h t

h tht kwld wth yu.

But lt d yu tht Ju Gu

h th t d wth th z yu th

thk yu l v th d yu

t d. It tt d. Ju Gu

ttd th wld ud th d xtd t l

ll thy ut tlly th l, wd tu. Ath Ju Gu tt d u: Semper quaerens.

Tht Lt Alwy uu.

Introduction


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Maps and Geography

2

Pl , ut yu ht dx t yu

tl, d th hth Alt Et. Wwll w y th Ju Gu Pld.

With all my fellow Junior Geniuses,

I solemnly pledge to quest after questions,

to angle for answers, to seek out, and

to soak up. I will hunger and thirst for

knowledge my whole life through, and I

dedicate my discoveries to all humankind,

with trivia not for just us but for all.

Vy d. Yu y td!


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3

The Earth from Space

Ghy th Gk wd d-

t th Eth. G- Eth, lk

ly. Th -hy t t wt, lk h hy. S h tudy d

d th Eth.

Th th Eth. It

u h, ul y yu

l wh hv tly

vdd u lt yu

w u. I , l

t l.

Yu ht hv hd

d tht Cluu vd th Eth w ud

1492, wh h ld S t th C. Th

First Period


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Maps and Geography

4

t v l t tu! By Cluu t, tt

hd kw th Eth w ud lt tw thu-

d y.

The Shape the World Is InTh lt Gk thk dd ut th h

th Eth. Thl thuht t w ud, lt dk

lt wt, lk k tht ll vd

t .

Axd thuht th Eth w yld,

whl Ax ( lt) lvd t w lt

tl lt d .

But y ud 500 bc, t l d wth th

hlh Pyth d Attl: Th Eth w

ud, lk ll. Th w d vd th.


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Junior Genius Guides

I yu lly wt t lt th dvy ud

Eth, dt lt Cluu Dy Ot 12

lt Etth (-uh-TOSS-thuh-z) Dy

Ju 21! Etth w th Gk wh vtd

th wd hy d vy t uy t, h

w th hd l t th t wld lt

ly, Alxd. Aud 240 bc, Etthdvd vy lv xt t u th Eth.

I lt Ju, th lt dy th y, h hd tw

tk ld tht th ud tw dt t,

v hudd l t, d ud th hdw.

Th hdw w dt lth, whh t th

tk wt lllth Eth w ud t ll!

Wht , Etth

uld u th lth th

hdw t lult th z th

t Eth, wthut v lv

Eyt. H ut w

ut 24,600 l, d tdy

w kw tht th Eth tully

u 24,902 l ud tth qut. Etth w

y ut w hudd l!


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Maps and Geography

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The Accidental TouristCluu, hwv, ddt t th

. F h 1492 vy, h ld

d y Eyt tt

Ptly (th P lt, lukly, h wuld

tl tu twt). Ptly th ld h

t lv tht Eu d A w qut t wdth thy tully , Cluu thuht h uld

l th Eth ut 16,000 l!

Th wld t vt t th

t w th Ptuu, d thy

kw th w zy tlk. Th w

u w l t Etth:

ut 26,000 l. Cluu t

ywy, u tht h uld t ll th wy t Ch

d Id tt wk. Lukly, th w

ukw tt th wy

(Sl! It wNorth America!)

h wuld hv lt t

v. Id w u t -

th wy th h thuht, dh wuld hv u ut ul

th v.


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Doing Their Level BestDt ll th hl vd, th l

wh tll lv tht th Eth lt. Th lt -

zt th ut ul th Flt Eth

Sty, udd y Bth t 1956, th

y th .

Th Eth d yth u , lt dk

lk Thl utd, wth

th Nth Pl th t.

Att wll

ud th d, whh lukly

k th lk !

Th ty h kd t ut tw

thud th 1970, ut tdy t dw t w

hudd tu lv. O u, t lt hd tlv lt Eth w tht h d tllt

t th Eth d d k tu ll th

t. Du th 1950, th ty ud w v

th t ht ud Eth tk

. It y t hw uh tu uld l th

utd y, h lly ld.


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Maps and Geography

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Lets Not Wait, Its a Really Long LineTh d thuth d twt l tht yu

ud t k lttud d ltud.

(IMPORTANT NOTE: Th l y! Yu

wll t th y lk ut th wdw -

l!) Lttud ut hw th

uth yu , whl ltud u t d wt.

Official Junior Genius Way to

Remember Which Is Which

Latitude lines go from side to side, l ike the rungs of a ladder.

Longitude lines travel from

the North to South Polesa

really long way.

I yu w t td t th l, t wuld tk

th Eth tt ull dy t tu yu l

th wd, yud v veeeeery lwly. But t

th qut, th u th Eth tt lot t.

Std tll t th qut, yu tully v t

1,070 l hu, t th th d ud!


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Math Homework

If you have an atlas (or GPS device) and a calculator with acosine key, you can find out how fast youre spinning right

now! Find your latitude in degrees, enter it into your calcula-

tor, and hit the COS button. Then multiply this answer by 1,070

miles per hour. Presto! That speed is your current velocity!

Wow, youre getting a pretty good workout.

Pop Quiz!

What countrys name actually means equator in its native

language?

Do You Come From a Land Down Under?Suth th qut th Suth Hh. O

u, th Suth Hh v ll

th Ethvty k Autl d Suth

A d At ly th ud, ut t

d A d Eu. But th w

d Dw Ud.

Bu th Suth Hh td twdth u whl th Nth Hh td wy

t, th vd: I th Suth

ECUADOR


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Hh u tt D,

d Auut th dth wt.

S Autl Cht dt

hv lh d d htut t

t lkly t vlv

u d t t th h!

Th ud dw th SuthHh t: Th M th M y t th

tt, d wx (w) t lk lk th

O th tht t dt th Suth

Hh: t th th! It t

d tht tlt luh utlkw th Nth

Hh d lkw th Suth, ut tht

t tu. Th is lld th Cl t tht

k th, lk wth yt, tt d-tly th tw hh, ut tlt ut t

ll t td.


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t th t tt wh uld lv th ltud

l. Th w lt th. Gll hd td

t ut ltud y ully tudy th

Jut. Oth tt td t d t y u th

dt tw th u d th lk

ult th Eth t ld.

Th l w lly lvd wth, ll th,

lly d lk. Why lk? Wll, yu kw wht

t th u ud t t tdy k h

Ld, d yu tll wht t th u ut t

t yu ut lt, th yu kw hw

wt t Ld yu . Ututly,d htth-tuy lk ll ud w

dulu, whh thy ddt k ll t

wh h w u ud ty .

A lk k d Jh H lvd th

l y vt lk tht uld k ut

t th wv, d h lltd th z d dd

vy wlthy .


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Extra Credit

Did I say that lines of latitude and longitude are invisible?Thats not entirely true. In 1994, the city of Paris marked their

meridianwhich still shows up on some French maps, even

though everyone uses Greenwich todaywith a string of 135

bronze medallions set into the ground. Not to be outdone, the

Greenwich observatory installed a green laser that projects

the prime meridian into the London sky every night.

Zoning OutAt Pdt Cht Athu' 1884 tht ddd

th d, Cd d SddFl d dvd th wld t twty-u t-

dd t z, l th yt w hv tdy.

At th t, th w uh th tdd t

t ut. Utl th 1880, th Utd Stt l

w dvdd t th ht thud t z, wth

h tw tt t w ll t d th t

th u t . Th wkd utl ld ttd

t th uty, d t tht t thud t

z d t hdul very u.

Th dlt t Pdt Athu

ddd t t ttut Fl t z yt,


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Maps and Geography

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lv t u t dvdul ut. Ov th xt ty

y, tty uh th whl wld dtd kd

tdd t d Fl yt, v u

th t z w hv tdy.

Yu ly ldy kw tht wh t Mdy L Al, t th th t Nw

Yk Cty. Th tu th l: It ldy

ht lk t ht Ld ( y th

d l ut tud t Gwh). It dht

Mw d 4 am Ch d wt Autl

th wd, t ldy tw! At t u

twd uy, w d t u k tw

t tdy. Tht u h t th ttl dt

l, th zzy l u th thuh th P. O

th wt d tht l, t 6 am Tudy. A h t

th ht, th t d, t 7 am . . . ut Mdy.


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Th y lly, ut wht th lttv? T

hv t th t (y, 8 am Mdy) ll v th

wld, v th u tt C d t th-

lk Tky? I u yu , Ju Gu,

tht th wuld v ll.

Blast from the PastBecause of time zones, its quite possible to take off in an

airplane and land at your destination at an earlier time than

you left! Sportscaster Bob Costas likes to tell the story of

traveling with a 1970s basketball team called the Spirits of St.

Louis. The Spirits colorful star, Marvin Bad News Barnes,

took a look at his itinerary at the airport one day and saw that

his flight was leaving Louisville at 8 pm and arriving in St. Louis

at 7:56 pm due to the change from eastern to central time. I

aint getting on no time machine! Barnes told Costas, and

walked off to rent a car instead.

Summertime BluesTh d dylht v t w t

dd u y B Fkl 1784,

ut A ddt tt tt th

lk wd vy u utl Wld

W I d Wld W II, wh v


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Maps and Geography

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dylht t v u ul.

Ad ll tht lk h u u.

Evy utu wh lk ll kwd hu,

Atk t d thlv hu hd hdul

duy, thy ut t th tk d hll

hu! A v wd hd Cy, Nth

Cl, htl 2007, Lu Cl v th ttw Nv ht. H Pt w t,

t 1:32 am. But th th lk vd k hu t

d dylht v, d h d tw, All, w

thty-u ut lt, t 1:06 am. S h th-

lly twty-x ut ld th h th, wh

w t!

Pop Quiz!

Whats the only state in the Lower 48 states that doesnt

observe daylight saving time?

ARIZONA


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The Worlds Five Most ConfusingTime-Zone TanglesNEPAL. Mt th Eth y t z d

Gwh t y twhl u hu: Bzl th

hu l, Eth v hu

lt. A w l t y hl-hu d.

But Nl, th Hly, th ly uty wth

t-ut d! Tht ht: Wh t t

Id, t t t xt d Nl! Tht u

Nl tll u t t d ut, Gu Sk,

t w vt d td dt Id

tdd t. Ll ll th t-ut Nl

tthd t d u t xu t lttl lt

tt.


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Maps and Geography

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KIRIBATI AND SAMOA. F t t t

y dd, th P ld

t Kt tddld th d

th ttl dt l, t w

lwy tw dt dy t th t Kt!

I 1995, t vd t t t ld t th

t z t wt hl. Cdtlly

tth h k t Kt th t t

Eth t lt th Nw Y vy y. Th w

tut dw wh th w Mllu dwd

D 31, 1999!

TRERIKSRYSA. Th ut

twty l wldwd wh

th t z t t l

t. O th wdt th t th d

Nwy, Fld, d Ru. All th ut v

dt t z, d Ru dt hv dylht

v t. Th tht, th wt, yu wlk

wt th d ut w h d k

t u hu! Wh Nwy d ud

duty t 8 am, th Ru utt th wy

ldy k luh.


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INDIANA. O ll th ty tt, Id

h lwy th wh t hdt

t w th l qut Wht

t t? F hl th twtth -

tuy, Id wt k d th th

qut dylht v t. Ot

tw wuld t th lk wd vy ,whl th xt tw dw th d wuldt. Al,

Id ut wuld u k d th tw

tl d t t vy t. Tvl ht

hv t h th wth x v t dv

th tt. It w ! Tdy th hty

Id ut t t, ut twlv th hv

tuk wth Ctl T.

CHINA. Ch lly th

thd-lt t Eth

d v th thud l wd.

Yud xt t t five th

wld vtl t z. But th Ch v-

t, hw uty, h dd 1949

tht th whl uty, v thuh t thth Utd Stt, huld ll v th t

z: B t. I th wd, wh t 6:30 am.


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Maps and Geography

Aht, yu uld t th d t

wt Ch d d tht, v thuh th u ut

, t thlly t lk ldy! Yu lt

wk! A yu ht u, y d ut

ut y th u d th t B tll th

tht t .

Snow Time for That Now!

What time is it at the South Pole? The South Pole is where

all time zones meet, so it really doesnt matter how you set

your watch. The sun wont help: It stays up for six months out

of the year, and then goes down for the other six months!Antarctic bases tend to keep their time based on the place

their supplies and staff arrive from. The research base at the

bottom of the world is called the Amundsen-Scott South Pole

Station, and its an American base where at least fifty people

live year-round. Flights into Amundsen-Scott come from

Christchurch, New Zealand, via Americas McMurdo Station,so the South Pole observes New Zealand time.

Ken Jennings’ Junior Genius Guides: Maps and Geography (Excerpt)

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