Keith Christman - Aquasur - PVC - Pipe

7/28/2019 Keith Christman - Aquasur - PVC - Pipe

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Technology Serving the Water and Sewer Industry Technology Serving the Water and Sewer Industry

Trends in PVC Pipe Use

Keith Christman

Director, Industry Affairs

The Vinyl Institute


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Todays DiscussionTodays DiscussionPVC: The Proven PerformerPVC: The Proven Performer

Market DataMarket Data Reasons for Success inReasons for Success in

Water MarketWater Market

Reasons for Success InReasons for Success In

Sanitary Sewer MarketSanitary Sewer Market


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PVC Pipe and FittingsPVC Pipe and FittingsIndustry GrowthIndustry Growth

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

P

VCP

ipeandFittings(lbs)

(Billions)

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

Year

Worldwide

USA & Canada


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US Pipe Market by ApplicationUS Pipe Market by Application(millions of feet)(millions of feet)

ITEMITEM 19771977 19881988 20002000

Total Pipe MarketTotal Pipe Market 48884888 65756575 97849784

Potable Water PipePotable Water Pipe 18501850 27812781 38453845

Drain & Sewer PipeDrain & Sewer Pipe 501501 624624 825825

Drain, Waste & Vent PipeDrain, Waste & Vent Pipe 537537 648648 850850

ConduitConduit 444444 780780 13351335

Drainage & Irrigation PipeDrainage & Irrigation Pipe 253253 247247 320320

Oil & Gas PipeOil & Gas Pipe 853853 630630 11841184Process PipeProcess Pipe 6969 6969 115115

Structural, Mechanical &Structural, Mechanical &

Misc.Misc.381381 796796 13101310

Source: Leading Edge Reports


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US Pipe Market By MaterialUS Pipe Market By Material(millions of feet)(millions of feet)

ITEMITEM 19771977 19881988 20002000

Total Pipe MarketTotal Pipe Market 48884888 65756575 97849784

PlasticPlastic 16601660 36003600 56435643

SteelSteel 12241224 10271027 16951695

CopperCopper 10181018 10021002 13421342

ConcreteConcrete 372372 476476 599599

Cast IronCast Iron 348348 273273 245245

AluminumAluminum 101101 157157 253253ClayClay 9797 3030 1717

Asbestos CementAsbestos Cement 6868 1010 ----

Source: Leading Edge Reports


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US Plastic Pipe Market By ResinUS Plastic Pipe Market By Resin(millions of pounds)(millions of pounds)

ITEM 1980 1990 1995 2000

Plastic Pipe Demand 2667 4520 5330

4300

605

185

125

28

87

6160

Polyvinyl Chloride 1969 3625 5000

Polyethylene 367 519 688

ReinforcedThermosets

126 159 210

ABS 150 119 130

Chlorinated PVC 13 23 33

Other Resins 42 75 99

Source: Freedonia Group


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Buried Pipe Markets inBuried Pipe Markets inthe US and Canadathe US and Canada

1997 Market

1999 Market


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US and CanadianUS and Canadian

Buried Pipe MarketsBuried Pipe Markets

by Application (1999)by Application (1999)

Water

Sanitary

Storm Sewer/Hwy Drainage

30%

28%

42%

Diameters 4 inches and LargerTotal Pipe Length = 1037 million feet


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US and CanadianUS and Canadian

Buried Pipe MarketsBuried Pipe Markets

by Materials (1999)by Materials (1999)

PVCPEDuctile IronConcreteCorrugated Steel

42%

12%

Diameters 4 inches and Larger

Total Pipe Length = 1037 million feet

33%

6%7%


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Buried Sanitary Sewer MarketBuried Sanitary Sewer Market

(4 and larger)(4 and larger)US and Canada (US and Canada (19991999))

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

PVC PE DI Conc. Clay

PVC

PE

DI

Conc.

Clay

Total Length = 290 million feet

73%

11% 11%

3% 2%


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66%

30%

3% 1%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

PVC DI PE Concrete

Buried Water MarketBuried Water Market(4 and larger)(4 and larger)

US and Canada (US and Canada (19991999))

Total Length = 310 million feet


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Introduction toIntroduction to UniUni--BellBell

Market DataMarket Data

Reasons for Success In Water MarketReasons for Success In Water Market

-- Independent Studies and CaseIndependent Studies and Case

HistoriesHistories

-- Performance AdvantagesPerformance Advantages Reasons for Success In Sanitary Sewer MarketReasons for Success In Sanitary Sewer Market


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Research conducted by University of

California Sponsored and published by AWWARF

in 1987

Survey of 404 utilities 228 (56%) use PVC water pipe Confirmed annual increases in

installations of PVC and decreases iniron and steel (1961-1985)

OperationalOperational

Experience SurveyExperience Survey


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Level of SatisfactionPipe

Material

Median

Rating

Mean

Rating

PVC 100% 90%

Iron 95% 88%

Operational ExperienceOperational Experience

SurveySurvey


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Relative Repair RatesRelative Repair Rates(better/same/worse)(better/same/worse)

Pipe Material Better:Worse Ratio

PVC 8.8:1

Iron 4.8:1

OperationalOperational

Experience SurveyExperience Survey


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Evaluation of PVC PipeEvaluation of PVC Pipe

PerformancePerformance

Research conducted byResearch conducted by

Utah State UniversityUtah State University

Sponsored and publishedSponsored and published

by AWWARF in 1994by AWWARF in 1994 Survey of 162 utilitiesSurvey of 162 utilities

125 (77%) use PVC Water125 (77%) use PVC Water

PipePipe


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Materials Included:Materials Included:

PVC (80% AWWA, 20% ASTM)PVC (80% AWWA, 20% ASTM)

Ductile Iron (DI)Ductile Iron (DI)

Cast Iron (CI)Cast Iron (CI)

Reinforced Concrete (RC)Reinforced Concrete (RC)

Steel (ST)Steel (ST)




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Numerical Ratings Based on Actual ExperienceNumerical Ratings Based on Actual Experience(1= Lowest Rating, 5=Highest Rating)(1= Lowest Rating, 5=Highest Rating)

CategoryCategory AverageAverage

RatingRating

Installation: Ease of handling, careInstallation: Ease of handling, care

required in installing, availability ofrequired in installing, availability ofcompatible appurtenancescompatible appurtenances

4.04.0

Hydraulics: Interior smoothness, lowHydraulics: Interior smoothness, lowfrictional head loss, and energy savings.frictional head loss, and energy savings. 4.54.5

4.14.1Life Expectancy: Longevity, resistance toLife Expectancy: Longevity, resistance to

internal and external attack/corrosioninternal and external attack/corrosion




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Water Main Break Data onWater Main Break Data on

Different Pipe Materials forDifferent Pipe Materials for1992 and 19931992 and 1993

Research conducted byResearch conducted by

the National Researchthe National Research

Council Canada (NRC)Council Canada (NRC) Survey of 21Survey of 21

Municipalities AcrossMunicipalities Across

CanadaCanada


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Water Main Break DataWater Main Break Data




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AverageAverage

Repair CostRepair Cost(per 100 km(per 100 km

of pipe)of pipe)




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Calgary Case HistoryCalgary Case History


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1500 km of PVC inCalgarys 4000 km

water system


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Introduction toIntroduction to UniUni--BellBell

Market DataMarket Data Reasons for Success In Sanitary Sewer MarketReasons for Success In Sanitary Sewer Market

Reasons for Success In Water MarketReasons for Success In Water Market

--

Independent Studies and CaseIndependent Studies and CaseHistoriesHistories

-- Performance AdvantagesPerformance Advantages

Industry TrendsIndustry Trends


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Performance AdvantagesPerformance Advantages

Superior HydraulicsSuperior Hydraulics

Corrosion ResistanceCorrosion Resistance Water QualityWater Quality

Longevity and DurabilityLongevity and Durability

Tight JointsTight Joints

FlexibilityFlexibility


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PVC: 150PVC: 150

Lower lifetime pumping and maintenance costsLower lifetime pumping and maintenance costs

HydraulicsHydraulics

LongLong--Term HazenTerm Hazen--Williams C value:Williams C value:


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PVC is a nonPVC is a non--conductor of electricity.conductor of electricity.

It is immune to electrochemical reactionsIt is immune to electrochemical reactions

caused by acids, bases and salts.caused by acids, bases and salts.

It resists both internal and externalIt resists both internal and external

corrosion.corrosion.

Corrosion ResistanceCorrosion Resistance



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In the United StatesIn the United Statesalone,alone, the totalthe total

annual direct cost ofannual direct cost of

corrosion for drinkingcorrosion for drinkingwater and sewerwater and sewer

systems is $36systems is $36

billionbillion, which includes, which includesthe costs of replacing aging infrastructure,the costs of replacing aging infrastructure,

lost water from unaccounted for leaks,lost water from unaccounted for leaks,

corrosion inhibitors, internal mortar liners,corrosion inhibitors, internal mortar liners,external coatings, andexternal coatings, and cathodiccathodic protection.protection.


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AWWA Estimatesthat 15% of treatedwater is lost

2.5 Trillion Gallonsof Water Lost EveryYear

Water is Very Precious Resource


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Pressure transientscan cause drinkingwater

contaminationthrough cracks

Source: LeChevallier

Cracks cause contamination


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Effects of DistributionMaterials on Bacterial

Regrowth, JAWWA, July2003

PVC Systems Typicallyhave the lowest levels ofbacteria, iron had thehighest

And lower chlorineresidual needed to

maintain quality

PVC Pipe Maintains Water Quality

Pressure Pipe LongevityPressure Pipe Longevity


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Pressure Pipe LongevityPressure Pipe Longevity

Edmonton 18 Year Old AWWAC900 Dig-Up Netherlands 35 Year Old PVCPressure Pipe Dig-Up

Uni-Bell 22 Year Old PVCPressure Pipe Dig-Up


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Germany 70 years of experience with PVCpipes

Actual performance of the pipes has

comfortably exceeded the performancepredicted by the long term pressure testsmore than 60 years ago.

The actual service life of PVC pipes islikely to be more than double the original50 year design life.

Long Term Performance

California Northridge Earthquake


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After 6.7 California

earthquake: PVC main lines remain

in service while

Breaks for asbestoscement, steel number inthe hundreds

California Northridge Earthquake

Performance


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Introduction toIntroduction to UniUni--BellBell Market DataMarket Data

Reasons for Success inReasons for Success in

Water MarketWater Market Reasons for Success InReasons for Success In

Sanitary Sewer MarketSanitary Sewer Market


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US EPA:US EPA:Regulatory ForceRegulatory Force

Water Pollution Control

Act, 1972

Clean Water Act, 1977

T di i l PiT diti l Pi


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Traditional PipeTraditional Pipe


Source:

A ClinicalReview

of Infiltration/Inflow, April,2001 of WEFsMagazine -WaterEnvironment& Technology

Benefits of PVCBenefits of PVC


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in Sewer Applicationsin Sewer Applications

Tight JointsTight Joints Flexible Strength with SafetyFlexible Strength with Safety


Excellent Corrosion ResistanceExcellent Corrosion Resistance Longevity and DurabilityLongevity and Durability

Fantastic Abrasion ResistanceFantastic Abrasion Resistance

Easier to InstallEasier to Install Longer LengthsLonger Lengths

Ti h J iTi ht J i t


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Tight JointsTight Joints

Allowab le Inf ilt rat ion

(gallons/inch-mile-day)

0-99

9%

100-199

24%

Greater than

200

13%

200

54%

25 gal/in-dia/mile/dayMAXIMUM INFILTRATION

Flexible StrengthFlexible Strength


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with Safetywith Safety

100 of equivalent height of cover 3/4 crushed rock embedment 2.7% deflection


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Mannings n: 0.009

More Efficient = Material SavingsMore Efficient = Material Savings


Case HistoryCase History


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PROBLEMPROBLEM Leaking badly, cracked and broken joints, severe corrosion,Leaking badly, cracked and broken joints, severe corrosion,

STATEMENT:STATEMENT: danger of collapse, and soil infiltration.danger of collapse, and soil infiltration.

PROECT SCOPE:PROECT SCOPE: 7,900 feet of 24 to 54 closed7,900 feet of 24 to 54 closed--profileprofile sliplinerslipliner pipepipe

It was only a matter of time before all 28 sections of pipe [coIt was only a matter of time before all 28 sections of pipe [concrete and clay]ncrete and clay]

would no longer be able to hold up the ground above them.would no longer be able to hold up the ground above them.

In sewers with diameters larger than 15 inches that have turbulIn sewers with diameters larger than 15 inches that have turbulent flow, gases areent flow, gases are

released promoting acid production at the crown that eats away areleased promoting acid production at the crown that eats away at the concrete. Ast the concrete. As

the concrete is devoured, the pipes wire reinforcement begins cthe concrete is devoured, the pipes wire reinforcement begins corroding and theorroding and the

structural integrity of the pipe is threatened. Moreover, surfastructural integrity of the pipe is threatened. Moreover, surface roughness, due toce roughness, due to

pitting, slows the rate of flow. When our crews got in there topitting, slows the rate of flow. When our crews got in there to clean, between theclean, between the

debris and the condition of the walls of the pipe, the line wasdebris and the condition of the walls of the pipe, the line was carrying onecarrying one--half tohalf totwotwo--thirds its [original] capacity.thirds its [original] capacity.

I was amazed at the improved flow after we completed each line.I was amazed at the improved flow after we completed each line. In many lines,In many lines,

flow was enhanced 35flow was enhanced 35--40 percent40 percent

yyPLACE:PLACE: Baton Rouge, LouisianaBaton Rouge, Louisiana

DATE:DATE: 19981998

PVC NEWS: Spring, 1998PVC NEWS: Spring, 1998

ExcellentExcellent


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ExcellentExcellent




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PLACE:PLACE: Hayward, CaliforniaHayward, California

DATE:DATE: March 20, 1995March 20, 1995

PVC NEWS:PVC NEWS: Summer, 1995Summer, 1995

PROBLEMPROBLEM Corroded andCorroded and

STATEMENT:STATEMENT: missing crown frommissing crown from36 concrete sewer36 concrete sewer

pipepipe

Severe soil migrationSevere soil migration

PROECTPROECT 400 feet of 30400 feet of 30

SCOPE:SCOPE: closedclosed--profileprofile

slipliningsliplining pipe.pipe.

Upon review of the sewer line, the cityUpon review of the sewer line, the city

determined that the top of over 350 (100determined that the top of over 350 (100

m) of concrete sewer line downstream ofm) of concrete sewer line downstream of

this manhole was either missing orthis manhole was either missing or

unable to sustain load.unable to sustain load.

y



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Fantastic AbrasionFantastic Abrasion


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Fantastic Abrasion

ResistanceResistance

1991 study at CSU1991 study at CSU

Aggressive abrasion conditionsAggressive abrasion conditions

PVC showed very little wearPVC showed very little wear

and exhibited noand exhibited nomeasurable sensitivity tomeasurable sensitivity to

increasing pHincreasing pH

Easier to InstallEasier to Install


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and Longer Lengthsand Longer Lengths



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Because of the lighter weight product, the construction crew waBecause of the lighter weight product, the construction crew was able to uses able to use

lighter weight equipment for loading, unloading and trenching.lighter weight equipment for loading, unloading and trenching. This was reallyThis was really

important in reducing some of the necessary traffic congestion.important in reducing some of the necessary traffic congestion. Besides theBesides thelighter weight, the longer lengths also helped speed up installalighter weight, the longer lengths also helped speed up installation.tion.

We were able to keep twoWe were able to keep two--lane traffic going while the pipe was being laid.lane traffic going while the pipe was being laid.

Less space was required for the storage of PVC pipe over RCP atLess space was required for the storage of PVC pipe over RCP atthe job site.the job site.

PLACE:PLACE: Houston, TexasHouston, Texas

PVC NEWS: Spring, 2001PVC NEWS: Spring, 2001

PROBLEM Maintain traffic flowPROBLEM Maintain traffic flowSTATEMENT: Reduce job siteSTATEMENT: Reduce job site

congestioncongestion

Finish on scheduleFinish on schedule

PROJECTPROJECT 1,200 feet of 481,200 feet of 48

SCOPE:SCOPE: closedclosed--profile pipe.profile pipe.



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in Sewer Applicationsin Sewer Applications

Tight JointsTight Joints Flexible Strength with SafetyFlexible Strength with Safety


Excellent Corrosion ResistanceExcellent Corrosion Resistance Longevity and DurabilityLongevity and Durability

Fantastic Abrasion ResistanceFantastic Abrasion Resistance

Easier to InstallEasier to Install Longer LengthsLonger Lengths

Keith Christman - Aquasur - PVC - Pipe

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Transcript of Keith Christman - Aquasur - PVC - Pipe