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Transcript of July 11, 2006 Review of European Small Boiler Regulation and Technology Louis Fontaine Department of...
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
Review of European Small Review of European Small Boiler Regulation and Boiler Regulation and
TechnologyTechnology
Louis FontaineLouis FontaineDepartment of Environmental ProtectionDepartment of Environmental Protection
Augusta ME 04333Augusta ME 04333(207) 287-7010(207) 287-7010
[email protected]@maine.gov
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
OverviewOverview
European Test MethodEuropean Test Method Emissions StandardEmissions Standard TechnologyTechnology Effect on Competition and Effect on Competition and
InnovationInnovation
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
EU Standard EN 303-5EU Standard EN 303-5 Adopted 1999Adopted 1999 Solid Fuel Boilers Up to 300 kW ( 1 Solid Fuel Boilers Up to 300 kW ( 1
MMBtu)MMBtu) Applies to fossil and biogenic fuelsApplies to fossil and biogenic fuels
Coal, logs, pellet, chips, etcCoal, logs, pellet, chips, etc Automatic and hand stokedAutomatic and hand stoked Construction Standards, Test Method Construction Standards, Test Method
and Emission Standardand Emission Standard
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
EN 303-5 Test MethodEN 303-5 Test Method
Two Firing RatesTwo Firing Rates Nominal and 30% load Nominal and 30% load
50% load allowed for hand stoked models50% load allowed for hand stoked models
Logwood FuelLogwood Fuel Can be Soft Wood or Hard WoodCan be Soft Wood or Hard Wood ““Net (lower) calorific value (waterfree)”Net (lower) calorific value (waterfree)”
Hardwood – 18,000 kJ/kgHardwood – 18,000 kJ/kg
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
EN 303-5 Test MethodEN 303-5 Test Method Parameters MeasuredParameters Measured
COCO22 or O or O22
COCO Organic Carbon (“OGC”)Organic Carbon (“OGC”) ““Dust” (Particulates) Dust” (Particulates) NOx when applicableNOx when applicable
EfficiencyEfficiency Ratio of delivered useful heat output to heat Ratio of delivered useful heat output to heat
inputinput
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
EN 303-5 Test MethodEN 303-5 Test Method
Measurement TypeMeasurement Type All parameters are monitored All parameters are monitored
continuouslycontinuously ECXEPTECXEPT
““Dust”Dust” Minimum of 4 individual 30-minute Minimum of 4 individual 30-minute
samplessamples
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
EN 303-5 Test Report EN 303-5 Test Report ExampleExample
“Dust”
“NOx”
“OGC”
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
EN 303-5 Test MethodEN 303-5 Test Method
Passing Grade Varies by:Passing Grade Varies by: Boiler “Class”: 1, 2 or 3Boiler “Class”: 1, 2 or 3
1 = dirtiest; 3 = cleanest1 = dirtiest; 3 = cleanest Boiler SizeBoiler Size Fuel: Biogenic v. FossilFuel: Biogenic v. Fossil Stoking: Manual v. AutomaticStoking: Manual v. Automatic
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
EN 303-5 Emission LimitsEN 303-5 Emission Limits
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
EN 303-5 Efficiency EN 303-5 Efficiency RequirementRequirement
Measured and calculated similar to Measured and calculated similar to ASTMASTM
Varies by size, stoking and boiler Varies by size, stoking and boiler classclassFeed MethodFeed Method 10kW10kW 200kW200kW
Hand-stoked Hand-stoked Class 3Class 3
73%73% 83%83%
Hand-stoked Hand-stoked Class 1Class 1
53%53% 62%62%
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
EN 303-5 vs. ASTMEN 303-5 vs. ASTM
EuropeEurope North AmericaNorth America
Mostly Indoor BoilersMostly Indoor Boilers Mostly Outdoor Mostly Outdoor BoilersBoilers
Logwood Fuel Logwood Fuel 4 X 44 X 4
Several SpeciesSeveral Species OakOak
2 Firing Rates2 Firing Rates 4 Firing rates4 Firing rates
4 Discreet PM 4 Discreet PM samplessamples
1 PM sample over 1 PM sample over entire test runentire test run
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
Europe vs. North AmericaEurope vs. North America
PollutantPollutant Modified M-28Modified M-28 Advance (Class 3) Advance (Class 3) Wood BoilerWood Boilercc
Particulates Particulates 960-4130 mg/MJ 960-4130 mg/MJ aa
600-2100 mg/MJ 600-2100 mg/MJ bb
60 mg/MJ60 mg/MJ
((Austrian Class 3Austrian Class 3))
a. Intertek Results for “Brian”
b. Intertek Results for “Rick”
EN 303-5EN 303-5 Class 1 BoilerClass 1 Boiler Class 3 BoilerClass 3 Boiler
COCO 25000 mg/m25000 mg/m33 150 mg/m150 mg/m33
TOCTOC 1750 mg/m1750 mg/m33 150 mg/m150 mg/m33
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
Advanced European Small Advanced European Small BoilerBoiler
Ceramic Lined Ceramic Lined FireboxFirebox
Downdraft AirDowndraft Air Air Supply Controlled Air Supply Controlled
by Electronic Oby Electronic O22 SensorSensor
Separate Water Heat Separate Water Heat ExchangeExchange
Separate Heat Separate Heat AccumulatorAccumulator
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
HS Tarm Solo PlusHS Tarm Solo Plus
Ceramic Firebox
Down Draft Air
Secondary Air
Fire Tube Heat
Exchange
Lamda O2 Controller
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
HS Tarm HS Tarm SoloSolo
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
Heiztechnik-GuntamaticHeiztechnik-Guntamatic
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
How Do We Handel Difference How Do We Handel Difference In Test MethodsIn Test Methods
Apples and Oranges Apples and Oranges
oror
Macintoshes and Granny SmithsMacintoshes and Granny Smiths
Before and After cases from EuropeanBefore and After cases from European
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
Swedish Boiler StudySwedish Boiler StudyParticulate Emissions Particulate Emissions dd
Old-type water-cooled boiler with up-draught combustion
87 – 2200 87 – 2200 mg/MJmg/MJ
Modern ceramic wood boiler with down-draught combustion
18 - 89 mg/MJ18 - 89 mg/MJ
d. “Emission characteristics of modern and old-type residential boilers fired with wood logs and wood pellets”, L.S. Johansson et
al. / Atmospheric Environment 38 (2004) 4183–4195
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
European Particulate Emission Estimate e
Logwood Hand Stoked BoilerLogwood Hand Stoked Boiler 0.238 kg/GJ0.238 kg/GJ
Hand Stoked Class 3 BoilerHand Stoked Class 3 Boiler 0.019 kg/GJ0.019 kg/GJ
Removal EfficiencyRemoval Efficiency 92%92%
e. Wood Combustion in Domestic Appliances Prepared in the Framework of EGTEI, Final background document version 2: 12/10/2005, Prepared by CITEPA, Paris
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
Result of Strict Regulations and Result of Strict Regulations and Incentives in AustriaIncentives in Austria
30% of Households Heat with Wood30% of Households Heat with Wood Logwood Boiler Efficiency ImprovedLogwood Boiler Efficiency Improved
1982 – 61%1982 – 61% 2000 – 90%2000 – 90%
10,000 Advanced Wood Boiler 10,000 Advanced Wood Boiler Installed Each YearInstalled Each Year
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
Result of Strict Regulations and Result of Strict Regulations and Incentives in AustriaIncentives in Austria
AFB-net Newsletter, September, 1998, www.etsu.com/Europ/AFB/contents.htm
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
Result of Strict Regulations and Result of Strict Regulations and Incentives in AustriaIncentives in Austria
AFB-net Newsletter, September, 1998, www.etsu.com/Europ/AFB/contents.htm
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
Result of Strict Regulations and Result of Strict Regulations and Incentives in AustriaIncentives in Austria
energytech.at –Solid Biomass, a Technology PortraitVienna, August 2000
Average Cost of Logwood Heating SystemAverage Cost of Logwood Heating System
$7,500 U.S. $7,500 U.S. DollarsDollars
July 11, 2006July 11, 2006
Future ProspectsFuture Prospects
Existing Technology Can Improve Existing Technology Can Improve Performance and Increase EfficiencyPerformance and Increase Efficiency
Europe Can Provide A Model For Europe Can Provide A Model For Industry and GovernmentIndustry and Government
Wood Boiler Sales Can Increase Wood Boiler Sales Can Increase While Emissions Decrease While Emissions Decrease