Johnny J Moye Ph.D.

Overview

• Researcher Background• Rational• Research Goals• Research Limitations• Assumptions• Study Design• Study Results• Study Conclusions• Future Study Recommendations

Researcher

• 27+ year Navy Veteran

• High School Technology Teacher - 5 years

• Supervisor, Career and Technical Education Technology Education (66 teachers) Family and Consumer Sciences (40 teachers) Trade and Industry (16 teachers)

Rationale

• Teacher shortage in the United States

• Technology education teacher shortage

• Weston (1997) Teacher shortage-supply and demand

• Ndahi and Ritz (2003) Technology education teacher demand, 2002-2005

• Status of technology education teacher supply and demand needs to be verified

Statement of the Problem

• The purpose of this study was to determine the technology education teacher supply and demand in the United States.

Research Goals

There were four research goals:

1. Determine the number of technology education teachers produced in the United States

2. Determine the number of technology education teachers employed in United States public schools

Research Goals

3. Determine the number of vacant technology education teacher positions in United States public schools

4. Determine the projected number of technology education teacher vacancies for 2009, 2012, and 2014

Limitations

• This study was limited to: Technology education programs in each of

the 50 United States Inputs of state technology education

supervisors Public middle and high school technology

education teachers employed during the spring of 2009

Limitations (cont.)

Public middle and high school technology education teacher shortages during the spring of 2009

Institutions accuracy in reporting the number of certified technology education teachers produced in 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007

Assumptions

• States will continue to provide middle and high school technology education programs within their states

• There are not enough students in technology education teacher preparation programs to meet current and future U.S. demand

Study Design

• Descriptive study• State technology education supervisors• Survey – Determine

Technology education teachers currently employed in each state

Vacant technology education teacher positions Expected technology education teacher

vacancies in 2009, 2012, and 2014

Study Design (cont.)

• Document review Industrial Teacher Education Directory 2004-2005, 2005-2006, 2006-2007, and

2007-2008

• How many institutions produced technology education teachers?

• How many teachers did those institutions produce?

Research Goal One - Conclusions

• Determine the number of technology education teachers produced in the United States.

• Data collected from: Ritz (1999), Ndahi and Ritz (2003), and four Industrial Teacher Education Directories (2004-2008)

Research Goal One – Conclusions (cont.)

• Ritz (1999): 1995-1996 – 815 technology teacher grads 1996-1997 – 635 technology teacher grads 1997-1998 – 732 technology teacher grads

• Ndahi and Ritz (2003): 2001-2002 – 672 technology teacher grads

Research Goal One – Conclusions (cont.)

• 2004-2005, 34 institutions produced 338 technology education teachers

• 2005-2006, 32 institutions produced 315 technology education teachers

• 2006-2007, 29 institutions produced 311 technology education teachers

• 2007-2008, 27 institutions produced 258 technology education teachers (Moye, 2009)

Research Goal One – Conclusions (cont.)

Year Institutions Teachers

1995-1996 - 815

1996-1997 - 635

1997-1998 - 732

2001-2002 - 672

2004-2005 34 338

2005-2006 32 315

2006-2007 29 311

2007-2008 27 258

Research Goal One – Conclusions (cont.)

• 1995-1996: 815 technology teachers

• 2007-2008: 258 technology teachers

• Data showed a 68.4% decrease

Research Goal One – Conclusions (cont.)

• 2004-2005: 34 institutions produced technology education teachers

• 2007-2008: 27 institutions produced technology education teachers

• Data showed a 21.6% decrease

Research Goal Two - Conclusions

• Determine the number of technology education teachers employed in the United States public schools during the spring of 2009

• Question 1: What is the number of public middle school technology education teachers employed in your state during the spring of 2009?

Research Goal Two – Conclusions (cont.)

• Fifty state supervisors/represetatives (100%) responded (three had no data)

• Data indicated that there were 12,146 middle school technology teachers employed in the spring of 2009

Research Goal Two – Conclusions (cont.)

• Question 2: What is the number of public high school technology education teachers employed in your state during the spring of 2009?

• Fifty state supervisors/representatives (100%) responded (one had no data)

• Data indicated that there were 16,164 high school technology teachers employed in the spring of 2009

Research Goal Two – Conclusions (cont.)

• Middle school teachers employed: 1995: 17,552 (Westin, 1997)

2001: 16,774 (Ndahi & Ritz, 2003)

2009: 12,146 (Moye, 2009)

Decrease of 30.8%

Research Goal Two – Conclusions (cont.)

• High school teachers employed: 1995: 20,416 (Westin, 1997)

2001: 19,487 (Ndahi & Ritz, 2003)

2009: 16,164 (Moye, 2009)

Decrease of 20.9%

• Total decrease of middle/high school teachers (1995-2009 = 9,558 (25.4%)

Research Goal Two – Conclusions (cont.)

Research Goal Three - Conclusions

• Determine the number of vacant technology education teacher positions in United States public schools during the spring of 2009

• Question 3: What is the estimated number of vacant public middle school technology education teacher positions in your state during the spring of 2009?

Research Goal Three – Conclusions (cont.)

• Fifty state supervisors/representatives (100%) responded (16 had no data)

• Data indicated that there were 367 middle school teacher vacancies during the spring of 2009

Research Goal Three – Conclusions (cont.)

• Question 4: What is the estimated number of vacant public high school technology education teacher positions in your state during the spring of 2009?

• Fifty state supervisors/representatives (100%) responded (16 had no data)

• Data indicated that there were 549 high school teacher vacancies during the spring of 2009

Research Goal Three – Conclusions (cont.)

• Weston (1997) middle/high school vacancies: no data

• Ndahi and Ritz (2003) middle/high school vacancies: 1665

• Moye (2009) middle/high school vacancies: 916

• Data point: fewer vacancies may be due to program closures

Research Goal Four – Conclusions (cont.)

• Determine the projected number of technology education teacher vacancies for the fall semesters of 2009, 2012, and 2014.

• Question 5: What is the expected number of public middle school technology education teacher vacancies in your state for the fall of 2009, 2012, and 2014?

• Fifty supervisors/representatives responded (18 could not provide data)

Research Goal Four – Conclusions (cont.)

• The estimated number of middle school vacancies is projected to be: Fall 2009: 353 Fall 2012: 487 Fall 2014: 598

• Total: 1,438

Research Goal Four – Conclusions (cont.)

• Question 6: What is the expected number of public high school technology education teacher vacancies in your state for the fall of 2009, 2012, and 2014?

• Fifty supervisors/representatives (100%) responded (18 could not provide data)

Research Goal Four – Conclusions (cont.)

• The estimated number of high school vacancies is projected to be: Fall 2009: 470 Fall 2012: 665 Fall 2014: 837

• Total: 1,972

Research Goal Four – Conclusions (cont.)

• The total estimated number of middle/high school vacancies is projected to be: Fall 2009: 823 Fall 2012: 1,152 Fall 2014: 1,435

• Total projected vacancies: 3,410

Technology Education Teacher SUPPLY and Demand and Deficit

• 2004 to 2008, an average of 306 technology teachers per year (338, 315, 311, and 258 respectively)

• Average annual number declined by 3.5%

• If trend continues: 2009: 242 teachers 2012: 196 teachers 2014: 173 teachers

Technology Education Teacher Supply and DEMAND and Deficit (cont.)

• Supervisors reported expected number of middle/high school teacher vacancies will be: 2009: 823 2012: 1,152 2014: 1,435

Technology Education Teacher Supply and Demand and DEFICIT (cont.)

• 2009: 242 teachers produced, 823 expected need, 581 deficit

• 2012: 196 teachers produced, 1,152 expected need, 956 deficit

• 2014: 173 teachers produced, 1,435 expected need, 1,262 deficit

• Total deficit of technology education teachers (2009-2014): 2,799

Technology Education Teacher Supply and Demand 2009 - 2014

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2009 2012 2014

Demand ofTechnologyEducation Teachers

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Study Conclusions

• 1995 to 2008: 68.4% fewer technology education teachers produced

• 2004 to 2008: 21.6% fewer institutions produced licensed technology education teachers

• 1995 to 2009: 24.4% fewer middle/high school technology teachers employed

Study Conclusions (cont.)

• 2009: 916 vacant middle/high school teaching positions

• Many vacant positions being eliminated• 2009 – 2014: Estimated supply and

demand: Teachers produced: 611 Teachers needed: 3,410 Deficit: 2,799

Recommendations for Use of This Study

• Technology education leaders could use this study when making judgments and decisions concerning the future of the profession

• Universities and colleges offering technology education teacher licensure programs could use this study to help support the need for these programs

Recommendations for Future Studies

• A study should be performed to answer two of Volk’s (1997) questions:

- “Why are students not considering a career in technology education” (p. 69)?

- “What is being done right in those few technology education teacher programs that are succeeding” (p. 69)?

Recommendations for Future Studies (cont.)

• Recommend Old Dominion University conduct a follow-up technology education teacher supply and demand study in 2014, and every five years thereafter. The studies should establish current status and future needs of the technology education profession.

Closing Remarks

• Weston (1997) stated that technology education teacher programs were in a “downward spiral” (p. 6)

• This study showed that the “downward spiral” continues and that the future of the profession is in question

• Technology education leaders must take action NOW to avert the “demise” of the profession as Volk (1997) predicted

References

Ritz, J. M. (1999). Addressing the shortage of technology education teaching professionals: Everyone’s business. The Technology Teacher, 59(1), 8-12.

Ndahi, H. B. & Ritz, J. M. (2003). Technology education teacher demand, 2002-2005. The Technology Teacher, 62(7), 27-31.

Volk, K. S. (1997). Going, going, gone? Recent trends in technology teacher education programs. Journal of Technology Education, 8(2), 66-70.

Weston, S. (1997). Teacher shortage-supply and demand. The Technology Teacher, 57(1), 6-9.

Questions - Comments

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