John Andrade. W Europe- very accessible to water Ports on Atlantic, Mediterranean, North Sea, etc....
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Transcript of John Andrade. W Europe- very accessible to water Ports on Atlantic, Mediterranean, North Sea, etc....
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St. Petersburg (Russia, not Florida)
John Andrade
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W Europe- very accessible to water Ports on Atlantic, Mediterranean, North
Sea, etc. Allowed for aquatic trade Trade by water = more contact +
cultural diffusion w/ outside world
East vs. West- Land vs. Water
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E Europe- virtually landlocked Only large bodies of water were Baltic +
Black Seas, which weren’t available to every country
Main form of trade was by land Land trade = more difficult less contact
with outside world ISOLATION
East vs. West- cont’d
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Because of different levels of contact w/ outside world, two very distinct cultures emerged
Culturally separated by the Elbe-Trieste Line ◦ Imaginary line east of Italy
W Europe- much more modern society◦ Mercantilist economy◦ Strong CENTRALIZED government◦ Beginnings of democracy starting to come up
Cultural Differences
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E Europe- more “behind”◦ Still in feudalistic stage◦ Local lords had power as opposed to national
monarch lack of centralization◦ Leaders envied Western rulers w/ absolute power
(e.g. Louis XIV)
Cultural Differences, cont’d
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Hemmed into Europe◦ Swedes controlled Baltic, Ottomans controlled
Black Sea no access to water besides rivers whatsoever
◦ Kept Russians from developing a strong economy like that of Western nations
Had a tsar, but lacked the power of a Western monarch
Where Does Russia Come In?
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Reigned 1682-1725 Had to deal w/ boyars and streltsy vying for
power◦ Boyars- old nobility◦ Streltsy- palace guards
1697- visited W Europe to see how those nations worked so well
Came back determined to make Russia a greater, modern power
Peter the Great
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1 May 1703, during Great Northern War, Peter’s forces captured Swedish fortress on the Neva River
27 May 1703- lower downstream, made Peter and Paul Fortress = first building of new city
Built by serfs + Swedish prisoners of war◦ Many people died building city nicknamed “The
City of Bones” Became the capital of Russia 1712
The Founding of St. Petersburg
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Peter wanted Russia to become more modernized
Founded city in the west, near the Baltic Sea to be closer to Europe
City meant to be a “window on Europe”◦ Shed light on and bring Western ideas to Russia
St. Petersburg, throughout time = WESTERNIZATION
This goal in mind until Russian Revolution in 1917
Purpose of the City?
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1. Kagan, Donald, Steven E. Ozment, and Frank M. Turner. The Western Heritage: since 1300. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007. 438-46. Print.
2. "History of St. Petersburg, Russia: Peter the Great (short Biography)." St. Petersburg at Your Fingertips: City Guide and Travel Information Service. Web. 07 Nov. 2010. <http://www.cityvision2000.com/history/peterthe.htm>.
Works Cited