John Andrade. W Europe- very accessible to water Ports on Atlantic, Mediterranean, North Sea, etc....
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Transcript of John Andrade. W Europe- very accessible to water Ports on Atlantic, Mediterranean, North Sea, etc....
St. Petersburg (Russia, not Florida)
John Andrade
W Europe- very accessible to water Ports on Atlantic, Mediterranean, North
Sea, etc. Allowed for aquatic trade Trade by water = more contact +
cultural diffusion w/ outside world
East vs. West- Land vs. Water
E Europe- virtually landlocked Only large bodies of water were Baltic +
Black Seas, which weren’t available to every country
Main form of trade was by land Land trade = more difficult less contact
with outside world ISOLATION
East vs. West- cont’d
Because of different levels of contact w/ outside world, two very distinct cultures emerged
Culturally separated by the Elbe-Trieste Line ◦ Imaginary line east of Italy
W Europe- much more modern society◦ Mercantilist economy◦ Strong CENTRALIZED government◦ Beginnings of democracy starting to come up
Cultural Differences
E Europe- more “behind”◦ Still in feudalistic stage◦ Local lords had power as opposed to national
monarch lack of centralization◦ Leaders envied Western rulers w/ absolute power
(e.g. Louis XIV)
Cultural Differences, cont’d
Hemmed into Europe◦ Swedes controlled Baltic, Ottomans controlled
Black Sea no access to water besides rivers whatsoever
◦ Kept Russians from developing a strong economy like that of Western nations
Had a tsar, but lacked the power of a Western monarch
Where Does Russia Come In?
Reigned 1682-1725 Had to deal w/ boyars and streltsy vying for
power◦ Boyars- old nobility◦ Streltsy- palace guards
1697- visited W Europe to see how those nations worked so well
Came back determined to make Russia a greater, modern power
Peter the Great
1 May 1703, during Great Northern War, Peter’s forces captured Swedish fortress on the Neva River
27 May 1703- lower downstream, made Peter and Paul Fortress = first building of new city
Built by serfs + Swedish prisoners of war◦ Many people died building city nicknamed “The
City of Bones” Became the capital of Russia 1712
The Founding of St. Petersburg
Peter wanted Russia to become more modernized
Founded city in the west, near the Baltic Sea to be closer to Europe
City meant to be a “window on Europe”◦ Shed light on and bring Western ideas to Russia
St. Petersburg, throughout time = WESTERNIZATION
This goal in mind until Russian Revolution in 1917
Purpose of the City?
1. Kagan, Donald, Steven E. Ozment, and Frank M. Turner. The Western Heritage: since 1300. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007. 438-46. Print.
2. "History of St. Petersburg, Russia: Peter the Great (short Biography)." St. Petersburg at Your Fingertips: City Guide and Travel Information Service. Web. 07 Nov. 2010. <http://www.cityvision2000.com/history/peterthe.htm>.
Works Cited