Job Killer and Job Creator - unece.org file25.06.2019 1 IT and Work 4.0: Job Killer and Job Creator...

25.06.2019

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IT and Work 4.0: Job Killer and Job Creator

Green Forest Jobs, June, 25th, 2019

Dr.-Ing. Arno Buecken

IT and Work 4.0: Job Killer and Job Creator | June, 25th, 2019Institute for Man-Machine Interaction | www.mmi.rwth-aachen.deDr.-Ing. Arno Buecken | [email protected]

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• Institute for Man-Machine Interaction Faculty for Electrical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University

• founded 2006 by Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Roßmann

• Currently about50 employees Including 20 scientif ic employees

• Our Goal Building the scientif ical foundation for eRobotics

The Institute for Man-Machine Interaction

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eRobotics-Applications in the fields of environment, industry and space

Re

se

arc

hTra

ns

fer

Ap

plicati

on

s

Environment SpaceIndustry

Methods and Processes of eRobotics

Digitization

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Digital Technologies change the world – fast

Innerhalb von 8 Jahre ~100% Marktdurchdringung

2005: Visitors of the Vatican after the deathof pope Johannes Paul II

2013: Visitors of the Vatican after the retirementof pope Benedikt XVI

Sources: www.spiegel.de, Christian Klettner / BASF

Digitization changes the World – fast!


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Perfect?

Cars are now perfect. They do not need further improvement.

“If I had asked people what they wanted, they would have said faster horses.”Henry Ford

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Innovation by stepwise advancement?

Disruptive Developments are not new:

Refrigerator vs. „Block of Ice in the Basement“

Pflough vs. Spade

Cellphone vs. Phonebox

CAD vs. Drawing Board

etc.

Image: @_Future_LeadersThe Invention of Electrical Power was a disruptive Development!


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Everythings is fine!

Comfort Zone-Dilemma:

Actually, everything is fine.

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How do major companies handle disruptive changes?

Forestry 4.0

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X 4.0

Content: Deutschlandfunk

Everything is 4.0,

but what does that mean?


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The four step of the industrial revolution

Image: Metaltech.com

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The digital twin of a forestry unit

<internal> <external>

Inputs• Forest Inventory

• Valuation

• Felling PlanExternal DataInternal Data

Inputs• Subsidies

• Market Requests

• Delivery Order

Outputs• Reply to Requests

• Trees, which are

sold

Outputs• (expected) Value

• Height, Yield Factor

• Boundaries

actions

current state


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• STORE the inventory data of the last years.

• SIMULATE the developmentwithin the next years for several harvesting strategies.

• SENSE the local growth conditions permanently.

• COUNSEL workers, machines, … for the optimal planing ofharvests in consideration of required

measures ofnature conservation, safety measures, …

• EXPLAIN tourists, where to find unique trees or bird species

• INITIATE required harvests and strategies under consideration of its current state and the marketsituation

A comprehensive DIGITAL TWIN of a forestry unit for example could:

The digital twin of a forestry unit

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Real and

Virtu

al W

orld

Real W

orld

Virtu

al W

orld

Operations Dev elopmentPhy sisches Asset

Digital Shadow Digital Model

Modeling

Ausgangspunkt: Reinhart, Günther, „Digital Twin, Synchroniz ing Reality and Virtuality“, 2015

Operational data

Driv er SurroundingsControl Sy stem

Digital Twin

=̂Communication

Cyber-Physical System

Communication

Real Twin


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Digital Twins are Basis for the Digitization and Result of the Digitization – at the same Time!

ForestryUnit

Digitization Digitization

Physical Asset Digital Twin

Value added Chains and Networks

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Forestry Networks

Communication Network

Forest Wood

Storage

Persons Economical

Software

Forest

Machinery

Forest

Worker

Wood

Transport

Sawmill

Software

Services

Simulations


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Forestry Networks

Forest

Machine

Transport

(Truck)

Chainsaw

Wald-

einheit

Forestry

Unit

Positions

Actions

Progress of

Work

Forestinformation

Progress of WorkSawmill

Progress of

Work

Wood-Assortments

Qualities

Accounting

Forest

Machine

Remote Service

Predictive

MaintenanceChainsaw

Remote Service

Predictive

Maintenance

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Communication in the Forest


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Communication

4G

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Communication

4G

5G


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Communication

4G

5G

LoRaWAN

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LoRaWAN

Advantages and Disadvantages ofLoRaWAN

+ Long Range

+ Energy Efficient

- Low Data Rate

Possible Architecture

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Edge Computing

CloudEdge

Computing

Data is processed at the edge of thecloud – on the local device.

Only the results are transmitted.

A lower bandwidth is required.


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MobileApps Serv ices

Business Processes Business ProcessesBusiness Processes

Applications

Harv esting

Forest

Inf ormation

Rescue

ChainMobilization

…Forest

Management

Forest-

worker

Forest-

machine

Forestry

unitHumidity

Wood-

Pile

Saw

mill

Lev el

Phy sical

Assets

Serv ices

Usage

Areas

Digital Twins

Sensor-/Actornetwork

Inf ormationbroker

Man-Machine Interaction

Prognosis Optimization Control Inf ormation

DT-Plattf orm

D

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Examples


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Safety

Total Forestry Percentage

Number of Jobs 42,6 Million 3 33.000 4 0,0008%

Number ofAccidents 880.326 1 5.700 2 0,65%

Number of fatal Accidents 473 1 31 2 6,6%Sources: 1arbeitsschutz-portal.de, 2Sozialversicherung für Landwirtschaft, Forsten und Gartenbau, 3spiegel.de, 4statista.com

Statistics for Germany, 2014

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Business Processes

Applications

Rescue

Chain

Forest-

worker

Lev el

Phy sical

Assets

Serv ices

Usage

Areas

Digital Twins


Inf ormationbroker


Control Inf ormation

DT-Plattf orm

Rescue Chain


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MobileApps Serv ices

Business Processes Business Processes

Forest

Inf ormation

Forest-

machine

Forest-

worker

Lev el

Phy sical

Assets

Serv ices

Usage

Areas

Digital Twins


Inf ormationbroker


Inf ormation

DT-Plattf orm

D

Proximity

Alert

Proximity Alert

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Remote Sensing in the Virtual Forest Project


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Remote Sensing based Forest Inventory

Mixture Mixture

Density Density

Height Height

Age

Quality

Quality

Age

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Intelligent Sensors for the Forestry Sector

2008 2012 2014


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Localization in the Forestry Sector

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Job Killer or Job Creator


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Conclusions

• change towards a network of humans and digital assets

• change in the requirements for personell

• change in the workload and the tasks

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Conclusions

requirementsskillseducation

Jobs in Forestry

Where are the decent jobs?


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Conclusions

ChangesChangesBetter

QualificationBetter

Qualification ChancesChances

• higher level of qualification (educated jobs) => less exchangeability• a huge supplychain relies on forestry => sustainable jobs

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Conclusions

Safety EducatedJobs

SustainableJobs

Modern and demandingEnvironmentInteresting

Jobs

…


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Conclusions

More decent

Jobs in the

Sector Forest

Wood

Job Killer

Job Creator

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Job Killer and Job Creator - unece.org file25.06.2019 1 IT and Work 4.0: Job Killer and Job Creator...

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