Jelena Fedurko_Eng_TOC tools_8 TOCPA_Oct 2013

8th International Conference of the TOC Practitioners Alliance - TOCPA

26-27 October 2013, Moscow

www.tocpractice.com

8th International Conference of the

TOC Practitioners Alliance - TOCPA

TOC logical tools

for creating and developing

thinking and learning skills

Jelena Fedurko

TOC Strategic Solutions, Estonia

October 2013


Jelena has 14 years of TOC experience as atrainer and consultant providing support in TOCimplementations in the areas of peoplemanagement, production, supply chain, projectmanagement.Jelena has worked in Japan, Poland, Turkey, Italy,Russia, Ukraine, India, China, Chile, Colombia,Mexico and other countries throughout the world.Jelena is the author of the books Behind theCloud Enhancing logical thinking and ThroughClouds to Solutions. The books present newdevelopments in the area of working withassumptions, UDEs and UDE Clouds.Together with Oded Cohen Jelena has co-authored the book TOC Fundamentals, recentlypublished in Russian.She has authored numerous articles on TOCconcepts and implementation, and hascontributed to and edited several TOC books. [email protected]

www.toc-strategicsolutions.com

Jelena Fedurko


The Role of Education

1. Transfer knowledge

2. Build skills

Teaching is only the means to achieve that.


Using Thinking Processes Tools

in the Educational Environment

Explicitly teaching TOC tools in class Using the tools to resolve student-student conflicts Showing the tools to parents to assist in resolving

problematic situations with their children Using the tools to resolve teacher-student conflicts Working with students one-to-one in developing

learning and social skills Using the tools for assisting teachers and students

in setting and achieving educational goals


Using Thinking Processes Tools

in the Educational Environment

To create and enhance thinking and learning skills To teach better decision-making To teach conflict handling To develop responsibility for ones own actions To teach how to control and correct behaviour To assist in evaluating conditions for achieving a desired outcome To assist in peer mediation To assist in relationship between parents and kidsMajor tools easy to teach and effective:

AB D

C D

Action/decision

Possible negative outcome

Cloud Negative Branch Desired Outcome Branch

Action/decision

Desired outcome


Major learning skills

1. Comprehension

2. Evaluation

3. Application

4. Analysis

5. Synthesis

6. Deduction

7. Induction

8. Balanced thinking

9. Creative thinking


Major learning skills

1. Comprehension understanding the meaning, interpretation, ability to state a problem in ones own words (while knowledge is ability to recollect and reproduce data and information)

2. Evaluation making judgments about the value of data/concepts3. Application using what has been learnt to real-life situations4. Analysis breaking down material/concepts into components to detect

relationship among the parts or the parts and the whole (requires comparing and contrasting); distinguishing between facts and inferences; recognizing logical fallacies in reasoning

5. Synthesis forming a whole through building up/connecting elements to create a larger and more coherent pattern

6. Deduction moving from general principles to particular instances7. Induction moving from particular instances to generalized conclusions8. Balanced thinking examination of arguments for and against a particular

data/material/concept 9. Creative thinking ability to devise innovative solutions


TOC Tools for Building Comprehension


TOC tools for building Comprehension

While Knowledge is ability to recollect and reproduce data and information, Comprehension is ability to understand the meaning, interpret, and state a problem in ones own words.

D

D

The need that is satisfied by the action in D

The common objective achieved by having B and C

A

C

B

Action 1

Action 2

The TOC tool to assist with Comprehension the CloudUnderstanding and verbalizing the situation in which a person or a system is caught between two mutually exclusive actions or modes of behaviour.

Conflict

The need that is satisfied by the action in D

In the Cloud we state what for we want to take an action, and what for we want to satisfy the need. This allows for a conscious reflection of actions, as well as cause and effect.


Be a good father

A

Fulfil the sons long standing dream

B D

Buy a motor scooter

for his birthday

C

Ensure latest educational and informational

opportunities for the son

D

Buy a computer

for his birthday

A case when a father of a teenage son built a dilemma cloud on whether to give his son a computer or a motor scooter for his fourteenth birthday. The father was concerned with the whole situation, especially that the birthday was coming close.

Building Comprehension presenting a situation as an Inner Dilemma Cloud



Comprehension is ability to understand the meaning, interpret, and state a problem in ones own words.

D

D

A

C

B

The major TOC tool to build Comprehension the assumptions behind the arrows in the Cloud

Assumptions B-D

Assumptions C-D

Assumptions D-D


In reference to the Cloud, assumptions are facts, observations, beliefs,

expectations, convictions, presuppositions, experiences, interpretations, concepts, principles, data, general knowledge and other elements of thinking

with which we support our reasoning behind a logical connection.

What are Assumptions?


D

Fulfil the sons long standing dream

Be a good father

A

B

Buy a motor scooter

for his birthday

CEnsure latest educational and informational


D

Buy a computer

for his birthday

B-D 1: The father has frequently told his son many stories about having a motor scooter as a teenager, and for the son to get the motor scooter will be a symbol of being accepted by the father as mature and grown-up.

C-D 1: Most of the information and communication goes through the internet.

Building Comprehension working with Assumptions


D

Fulfil the long standing dream

Feel good in the family

A

B

Receive a

motor scooter

CEnsure latest

educational and informational


D

Give a

computer

The sons side

The fathers side

Building Comprehension presenting a situation as a Two-Sided Conflict Cloud



TOC tool to assist with Comprehension the Negative BranchUnderstanding and verbalizing possible negative outcomes of a decision/action.

Decision/action

Possible negative outcome

will happen

will happen

will happen

Exists/ will happen

independently

Exists/ will happen

independently

Exists/ will happen

independently


TOC Tools for Building

Evaluation Application


TOC tools for building Evaluation

Evaluation making judgments about the value of data/concepts.

TOC tool to assist with Evaluation the protocol of checking the logic in the Cloud

A

B D

DC

1. In order to []

2. I must []3.In order to [B] 4. I must [D]

5. In order to []

6. I must [C]

7. In order to [] 8. I must [D]9. [D] and [D] are in conflict10. [D] jeopardizes achieving the need in [C]

11. [D] jeopardizes the need in [B]

Check the logic: "In order to (tip of arrow).. I must (tail of arrow)"



TOC tool to assist with Evaluation challenging assumptions behind the arrows in the Cloud

The process is aimed at challenging the validity of one or several assumption behind the causalities in the Cloud.

ALWAYS? IN ALL SITUATIONS/ENVIRONMENTS?



Evaluation making judgments about the value of data/concepts.

TOC tool to assist with Evaluation Categories of Legitimate Reservations (CLR)

The protocol of checking logic in a cause-effect relationship

1. Clarity

2. Entity Existence

3. Causality Existence

4. Cause Insufficiency

5. Additional Cause

6. House on Fire

7. Predicted Effect Existence


TOC tools for building Application

Application using what has been learnt to real-life situations.

Major TOC tools to assist with Application clear rules and guidelines for building logical

structures of the Cloud, the Negative Branch, the Positive Branch, CRT, FRT

With the purpose of presenting ones own reality or projection of a future outcome (negative or positive) in the form of logical structures that present and justify causality.


TOC Tools for Building

Analysis and Synthesis Deduction and Induction

Balanced Thinking Creative Thinking


TOC tools for building

Analysis and SynthesisAnalysis breaking down material/concepts into components to detect relationship among the parts or the parts and the whole (requires comparing and contrasting); distinguishing between facts and inferences; recognizing logical fallacies in reasoning.Synthesis forming a whole through building up/connecting elements to create a larger and more coherent pattern.

A major TOC tool to assist with Analysis and Synthesis

the U-Shape

Also, Categories of Legitimate Reservations play an important role in building skills for Analysis and Synthesis

Cu

rren

t R

ealit

y

Fu

ture

Rea

lity

Low Performance MeasurementsLow Performance Measurements

TOC InjectionsTOC Injections

High Performance MeasurementsHigh Performance Measurements

TOC direction of solutionTOC direction of solution

PIVOT

TOC

UDE

UDE

UDE

UDEUDE

UDE

DD DD

CCBB

AA

DE

DE

DE

DEDE

DE

NBRs



Deduction and Induction

Deduction moving from general principles to particular instances.

Major TOC tools to assist with Induction: ConvergenceClouds Consolidation process

Induction moving from particular instances to generalized conclusions.

A major TOC tool to assist with Deduction the protocol of establishing logic in causality branches if, and if, then

DD

DDCC

BBAA

DD

DDCC

BBAA

DD

DDCC

BBAA

DD

DDCC

BBAA

If and if

then



Balanced thinking

Balanced thinking examination of arguments for and against a particular data/material/concept.

Checking logic in the Cloud: D is a necessary condition for B, but endangers C and D is a necessary condition for C, but endangers B

A

B D

C D

Negative Branch Looking for a possible negative outcome of a decision/suggested solution/planned (desired) action

Decision/ suggested

solution/ planned

(desired) action

Possible negative

outcome

Major TOC tools to assist with Balanced Thinking:



Creative thinking

Creative thinking ability to devise innovative solutions.

Major TOC tools to assist with Creating Thinking:

Developing Injections to the CloudA

B

C

Developing Supporting Injections to trim identified Negative Branches

Injection

Injection

Possible negative

outcome

+

+

+

Supporting

Injection

Jelena Fedurko_Eng_TOC tools_8 TOCPA_Oct 2013

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