Jari KINARET RODIN

Prof. Kinaret is the head of the Condensed Matter Theory group at Chalmers.

He was born in 1962 in Finland, where he also obtained his M.Sc. degrees in

theoretical physics and electrical engineering before moving to MIT where he

graduated with a Ph.D. in Physics in 1992. In 1995 he moved to a faculty

position in Gothenburg, Sweden. His main research directions are fundamental

and applied NEMS based on carbon nanotubes and graphene, nano-

optoelectromechanics, and, most recently, nanoplasmonics.

RODIN-

Suspended graphene Nanostructures

A. Isacsson/J. Kinaret

Chalmers University of Technology.

Graphene 2020 workshop, Brussels, March 21, 2011

Summary• Project title: RODIN—Suspended Graphene

Nanostructures• Call (part) identifier: FP7-NMP-2009-SMALL-3• Funding scheme: Collaborative project• Duration: 2010-10-01 – 2013-09-30• EC-contribution: 2 894 280 Euro

ObjectiveDesign and fabricate and suspended graphene structures with a focus on frequency tunable nanomechanical resonators operating at GHz frequencies. The main goal is a successful demonstration of a tunable RF-filter with potential applicability in transceiver front ends in handheld communication devices.

ObjectiveDesign and fabricate and suspended graphene structures with a focus on frequency tunable nanomechanical resonators operating at GHz frequencies. The main goal is a successful demonstration of a tunable RF-filter with potential applicability in transceiver front ends in handheld communication devices.

Graphene 2020 workshop, Brussels, March 21, 2011

The consortium• Chalmers University of Technology

– A. Isacsson (Theory and Coordination)

• Aalto University (Former TKK)– P. Hakonen (Resonator and filter fabrication)– J. Ryynänen (Filter and circuit design)

• ICN (Barcelona)– A. Bachtold (graphene resonators and

properties)• TU-DELFT

– H. van der Zant (Mechanical and electrical properties of graphene).

• UCAM-DENG– A. C. Ferrari (Graphene fabrication and

characterization)• UTARTU

– H. Alles (Surface preparation, characteriztion)

• DIARC– J. Kohlemainen (DLC and ”industrial scale” CVD)

• NOKIA– [R. Kaunisto] (Mobile radio front ends)

Graphene 2020 workshop, Brussels, March 21, 2011

Graphene resonators for…• Technology/industry

– RF-application tunable filters

• Applied/applicable science – Mass sensing

• Basic science– Quantum nano-

electromechanical systems

• Technology/industry– RF-application tunable

filters

• Applied/applicable science – Mass sensing

• Basic science– Quantum nano-

electromechanical systems

M. L. Roukes, et. al., Nature Nanotechnology 4, 445 -450 (2009)

Graphene 2020 workshop, Brussels, March 21, 2011

The need for tunable RF-resonators

• Mobile phones not just for talking

• Single device must be able to operate at several frequency bands

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•

•

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• Mobile phones not just for talking

• Single device must be able to operate at several frequency bands

•

•

•

•

Graphene 2020 workshop, Brussels, March 21, 2011

The need for tunable RF-resonators

• Mobile phones not just for talking

• Single device must be able to operate at several frequency bands

• Data traffic growing rapidly

• Available bandwidth limited (for practical and historical reasons)

• Cognitive radio – A clever device will be ableto find available bandwidth

• Message from RF-engineers: Existing solutions do not offer required flexibility!CHALLENGE: Create stable, reprogrammable filters and/or reference oscillators.

• Mobile phones not just for talking

• Single device must be able to operate at several frequency bands

• Data traffic growing rapidly

• Available bandwidth limited (for practical and historical reasons)

• Cognitive radio – A clever device will be ableto find available bandwidth

• Message from RF-engineers: Existing solutions do not offer required flexibility!CHALLENGE: Create stable, reprogrammable filters and/or reference oscillators.

Graphene 2020 workshop, Brussels, March 21, 2011

Why graphene?Technologically…

• Low mass and high stiffness => High operating frequency • Conducting/semiconducting => Electric transduction • Hi Q (100,000 reached recently in RODIN) • Versatile shapes => large design space to minimize losses and maximize performance• Impedance problems with CNTs; graphene has large contact cross section, lower Z.

– Advantageous for mixing and capacitive readout• Promising large scale fabrication demonstrated (top down)• Material with many uses => technology development will come.

Technologically…

• Low mass and high stiffness => High operating frequency • Conducting/semiconducting => Electric transduction • Hi Q (100,000 reached recently in RODIN) • Versatile shapes => large design space to minimize losses and maximize performance• Impedance problems with CNTs; graphene has large contact cross section, lower Z.

– Advantageous for mixing and capacitive readout• Promising large scale fabrication demonstrated (top down)• Material with many uses => technology development will come.

… and scientifically

• Adds a new dimension to NEMS: degenerate modes, advanced mode shapes• Ultimate 2D NEMS material• Unique mechanical and electronic properties in the same material makes for exciting reserach.

… and scientifically

• Adds a new dimension to NEMS: degenerate modes, advanced mode shapes• Ultimate 2D NEMS material• Unique mechanical and electronic properties in the same material makes for exciting reserach.

Graphene 2020 workshop, Brussels, March 21, 2011

The Challenges in RODIN• Meeting specifications from industry

– What are the tech-specs? • [Q-factor, impedance, thermal stability, fabrication

tolerances, reproducibility, quality..] – Clear communication between industry & academia at an early stage in the project.– Development of models which can be reliably used by engineers in circuit/resonator design.

• Resonator properties– Developing fabrication procedures– Readout circuitry – Taming the Q-factor– Effect of shape, tension, fabrication method, postprocessing,

temperature…

• Graphene fabrication for resonators– For lab-prototypes, exfoliated is OK– For industrial scale, use CVD.– Optimize electrical and mechanical

properties of single and few layer CVD-grown graphene for resonator fabrication.

– Characterization.

• Meeting specifications from industry– What are the tech-specs?

• [Q-factor, impedance, thermal stability, fabrication tolerances, reproducibility, quality..]

– Clear communication between industry & academia at an early stage in the project.– Development of models which can be reliably used by engineers in circuit/resonator design.

• Resonator properties– Developing fabrication procedures– Readout circuitry – Taming the Q-factor– Effect of shape, tension, fabrication method, postprocessing,

temperature…

• Graphene fabrication for resonators– For lab-prototypes, exfoliated is OK– For industrial scale, use CVD.– Optimize electrical and mechanical

properties of single and few layer CVD-grown graphene for resonator fabrication.

– Characterization.

Graphene 2020 workshop, Brussels, March 21, 2011

For more information

Project webpage www.fp7rodin.eu

Graphene 2020 workshop, Brussels, March 21, 2011

Thank you

Graphene NEMS, what’s been done already…

J. S. Bunch et al, Science 315, 490 (2007)

Optical detection (2007)

D. Garcia-Sanchez et al, Nano Lett. 8, 1399 (2008).

Mechanical detection (2008)

C. Chen et al, Nature Nanotechn. 4, 861 (2009)

Electrical detection (2009) Electrical detection (2010)

V. Singh et al, arXiv:cond-mat.1001.4377 (2010)

EuroGRAPHENE Symposium, Strasbourg, Nov. 19 2010

The acronym….

• François-Auguste-René Rodin (12 November 1840 – 17 November 1917), known as Auguste Rodin

Item: ”The Thinker”Sculpted by: A. RodinLocation: Paris

Item: ”Suspended Graphene Hall bar”.Sculpted by: J. Moser and A BachtoldLocation: Barcelona