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JAPANSUMMARY

JAPANSUMMARYPRIVATE

DRAFT 6.3.95

INTENSIVE CARE

LIFT‑OFF/ACCENT IMPROVEMENT LANGUAGE

A MORNING WITH DR. BOLAND

COMPUTER‑BASED JAPANESE

LEARNING MAINTENANCE PACK

(Retained)

Copyright:

RGAB 1995/1 - rough draft

No copies of without written permission.

LIFT OFF/ACCENT IMPROVEMENT - JAPANESE

LEARNING MAINTENANCE

CONTENTS

ItemPage No.

Brochure 3

Basic Vocabulary

5

Accent/Structure Exercise

7

Simple Grammatical Summary

18

Feedback Quiz

35

Glossary

44

Speed Test

53

LIFT‑OFF/ACCENT IMPROVEMENT LANGUAGE ‑ A MORNING WITH DR. BOLAND

COMPUTER‑BASED JAPANESE/MANDARIN/KHMER

BROCHURE

Geneva, April 1994

1.THE PROGRAM

a.Each program is a four hour computer‑based learning experience with a partner (a natural language speaker), designed for managers with severe time constraints. It uses new learning theories to achieve rapid conscious and non‑conscious learning.

b.The LEARNING is achieved by "absorbing" the language and speaking continuously with the partner in a special learning environment.

c.The PARTNER continually encourages us to achieve excellent pronunciation, but does NOT teach nor critique the program. The PARTNER is a "learning aid" to inspire changes in our KSA ‑ knowledge, skills and (above all) attitudes, towards "absorbing" the language.

d.The technical structures in the final version of each program are verified by recognized university-based language specialists.

2. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

The specific learning objectives of the morning are:

a.To begin to decode the music of the language with improved listening, speaking, understanding and confidence.

b.To practice using about 200 words/phrase in the language with an EXCELLENT accent.

c.To develop personal confidence in whispering, speaking, singing, imitating and even shouting in the language.

d.To motivate further study in the future.

3.WHY BOTHER?

You speak English. You do business with an foreign speaker, who speaks perfect English. He "seems" to understand everything you say in English ... so why bother with lift‑off" or "accent improvement" in his/her language?

a.LIFT‑OFF (getting into a new language rapidly) ‑ you make the effort to learn some of a new language, so that he/she feels "more comfortable" with you as a person ...

b.ACCENT IMPROVEMENT (speaking the language) ‑ you recognize that a "bad accent" can be EXHAUSTING for the listener ... and like "halitosis" ... he/she can NEVER tell you ...

... so why not take just a morning ... to improve the quality of your communication ... and feel "more comfortable" ... with yourself ...?

4.A NEW WAY OF LEARNING

We must take a little time to prepare our minds to learn in a new way; thus we must:

a.Recognize ‑ that most of what we do in life, we do without special awareness, almost non‑consciously rather than consciously, while responding to our environment which communicates with us all the tim e.g. driving the car.

b.Recognize ‑ that our non‑conscious mind is very powerful, it has an almost unlimited capacity to learn. And it can learn much faster than our conscious mind, if we can make the emotional investment to allow the learning process to operate freely and not be blocked.

c.Convince ‑ our non‑conscious mind, that we really a must and can, understand, use and remember, everything in this short learning process; and for this we must get emotionally invested!

d.Develop ‑ the confidence to relax and let our powerful non‑conscious mind guide us through a very rewarding, and yet highly emotional, learning experience, just for the morning, with a partner, together.

5.ACTIVITIES

Part I ‑ Early Morning

08.30 ‑ 09.00 Sect. 1 ‑ Objectives/feedback

09.00 ‑ 09.30 Sect. 2 ‑ Accents/Structure Exercise

09.30 ‑ 10.00 Sect. 3 ‑ Introductions ‑ A

10.00 ‑ 10.30 Sect. 4 ‑ Introductions ‑ B

10.30 - 11.00 Coffee break

Part II ‑ Late Morning

11.00 ‑ 11.20 Sect. 1 - Accents/Structure Exercise

11.20 - 11.40 Sect. 2 ‑ Social A

11.40 - 12.00 Sect. 3 ‑ Social B

12.00 ‑ 12.20 Sect. 4 ‑ Accents/Structure Exercise

12.20 ‑ 13.00 Sect. 4 ‑ Review/feedback

6.FURTHER INFORMATION

Dr. R.G.A. Boland

Tele/fax 33‑50‑40‑89‑82/33-50-31-56-50

Chemin Garenne, Prevessin‑Moens, 01280, France.

BASIC VOCABULARY - JAPANESE

INTRODUCTIONS ‑ A

Iwatashianata

karekanojo

sorewatashi‑tachianata‑gata

karerahaiiieka?= question

IIen/ja/dewa/naito/soshite

watashi wa..desu/imasuanata wa..desu/imasu

kare wa..desu/arimasu kanojo wa..desu/arimasu

sore wa..arimasu watashi‑tachi wa..desu/imasu

anata‑gata wa..desu/imasukarera wa..desu/arimasu/imasu

watashi wa..dewa arimasen/imasenkoko/soko ni

A!Aru/arimasu/atte (to be)

INTRODUCTIONS ‑ B

Ikonnichiwaohio goza‑imasu

kombanwaoyasumi nasai

anata wa ogenki desu ka?watashi wa genki desu

domo arigatosayonara

dozo/o negai shi‑masu/kudasaiSan (shi)

San (fugin)San (jo)

IIotoko no‑hitoonna no‑hito

watashi wa..o motte imasu/imasenanata wa..o motte imasu

kare/kanojo wa..o motte imasuwatashi‑tachi wa..o motte imasu

anata‑gata wa..o motte imasu karera wa..o motte imasu

budoshu sukoshi

heya A!

SOCIAL ‑ A

Iikutsu?zeroichinisan

shigorokushichihachi

kuju

IImotte/tasuhikunodo ga kawaiteonaka ga suite

tabemonopanshiawase

tsukareta

bettochikaidoru

okane

ni

SOCIAL ‑ B

Ikono/koreano/aredoko?dare?nani?

ikura?yoiwaruiyasuino‑tame‑ni

IIwatashi o/nish‑imasu/suru/shitehoshii/‑tai

Santor‑imasu/toru/totteag‑emasu/ageru/agete

tab‑emasu/taberu/tabete

nom‑imasu/nomu/nonde

nemur‑imasu/nemuru/nemutte

ryoko sh‑imasu/suru/shite

BASIC VOCABULARY - ENGLISH

INTRODUCTIONS ‑ A

I. Iyouheshe

itweyouthey

yesno

II.notandI amyou are

he isshe isit iswe are

you arethey areI am nothere

thereoh!

INTRODUCTIONS ‑ B

I.Hellogood morninggood eveninggoodnight

How are you? I am wellthank you

goodbyepleaseMrMrs

Miss

II.athemanwoman

I haveyou havehe hasshe has

we haveyou havethey haveI have not

winesomeroomoh

SOCIAL ‑ A

I.how many?zeroonetwo

threefourfivesix

seveneightnineten

II.moreless thirstyhungry

foodbreadhappytired

bedneardollarmoney

to

SOCIAL ‑ B

I.thisthatwhere?who?

what?how much?goodbad

cheapfor

II.medowanttake

giveeatdrinksleep

travelSir

ACCENTS/STRUCTURE EXERCISE

(Total time ‑ 30 minutes)

SAY EVERYTHING ... IN A BEAUTIFUL BUT HIGHLY DRAMATIC TONE ... HIGHLY EXAGERATED ... THIS IS IMPORTANT ... FOR BOTH CONSCIOUS AND NON‑CONSCIOUS LEARNING ...

Part A ‑ Accent Improvement Routine (5 minute)

Try to achieve perfect pronunciation with repetition several times in several musical/rhythmic tones ... make it sound ... beautiful ... on we go ...

1. First:

a.Get comfortable ... and ... WHISPER

watashi‑wadesuarimasen

karemott/eanata‑gata

itasukeredomohaji‑mema‑shite

iras‑shai‑maseyoroshiio negai sh‑imasu

b.BREATH deeply and completely RELAX and let all the stress drain away ... eyes closed ... relax by breathing very deeply THREE times ... exhaling very slowly ... then on we go ...

2.Second:

a.Get comfortable ... and ... SAY:

do‑i‑tahshe‑ma‑shi‑te

hanash‑imasu

su‑mi‑masengahaji‑me‑ma‑shi‑te

dewa‑naiitaru

jikangoto

i‑ra‑shai‑ma‑sekudasai

kuri‑kae‑shi

o‑kae‑ri‑na‑saiwarui

konnichiwa

okusamahocho

o negai sh‑imasu

b.Completely RELAX

3.Third:

a.Get comfortable ... and ... SHOUT ... VERY LOUDLY ...:

tsuyoishit‑sureishimasu

ikura desu?kudasaii‑ta‑da‑ki‑masu

go‑ku‑ro sa‑ma

takusan

chot‑to o‑ma‑chikudasaigozai‑mashite

do‑i‑tah shi‑shi‑ta

o negai sh‑imasu

c.Completely RELAX and let all the stress and tension drain away ... with the same deep breathing ... eyes closed ...

4.Now you should feel relaxed but intensely alert with an accent that improves every time you do this routine ...

5.Now with eyes closed do the "RADIO/TAPE EXERCISE" for two minutes: 30 seconds ‑ relax and listen; 30 seconds ‑ listen intensly alert; 30 seconds ‑ relax and try NOt to listen; 30 seconds ‑ relax, listen and repeat any words you hear; do this radio (or tape) exercise every half hour or so ... and surprise yourself ...

Part B ‑ Structured Phrase Routine (15 minutes)

a.Repeat each phrase ... DIFFERENTLY ...three times with musical rhythm, expression, until you do so almost instinctively, without thinking too much about it!!

b.Get your whole body active; communicate with everything ... mouth, eyes, face, hands and body; make it fun ... make it almost musical ... make your words interesting ... use your name ... just for the week ... to go with your new accent ... add "yes, yes, yes" to positive phrases and "no, no, no" to negative phrases ... and you say them "differently" ... each time ... emphasise different words ... with different EMOTIONS ...

c.Emotional investment is the ... KEY to Learning Maintenance ...

1. To illustrate questions: Note: ka = question and

ja and ‑en = not

a.Sore wa, doko ni, arimasu ka?

Where is it?

Hai. sore wa, koko ni, arimasu.

Yes, it is here.

Iie, sore wa, koko ni, arimasen!!

No, it is not here.

b.Kore wa, nan, desu ka.

What is it?

Hai, hai hai, kore wa, budoshu, desu.

Yes, yes, yes it is wine.

Iie, iie, iie, kore wa, budoshu, dewa arimasen.

No, no, no, it is not wine!!

c.Ano hito wa, dare, desu, ka?

Who is that person?

Charlie, desu (or your new "name")

It is Charlie

Charlie, de wa arimasen

It is not Charlie!!!

d.

Ikura, desu ka?

How much is it?

Ichi doru ($), desu.

It is one dollar.

2. To illustrate subject and object:

a. Watashi wa, mizu o, nomimasu.

I, drink, the water.

b. Anata ga, kore o, nomimasu.

You, drink, it.

c. Kare wa, pan o, tabemasu.

He, eats, the bread.

d. Kanojo wa, kore o, tabemasu.

She, eats, it.

3. To illustrate nouns and plurals:

a. Otoko no hito wa, pan o, tabemasu.

The man, eats, the bread.

b. Onna no hito wa, pan o, tabemasu.

The woman, eats, the bread.

c. Otoko no hito‑tachi wa, mizu o, nomimasu.

The men, drink, the water.

d. Onna no hito‑tachi wa, mizu o, nomimasu.

The women, drink, the water.

4. To illustrate definite and indefinite articles:

a. Otoko no hito wa, mizu o, nomimasu.

The man, drinks, the water.

b. Otoko no hito wa, mizu o sukoshi, nomimasu.

The man, drinks, some water.

c. Otoko no hito wa, heya ga, hoshii desu.

The man, wants, a room.

d. Otoko no hito wa, sono heya ga, hoshii desu.

The man, wants, this room.

5. To illustrate demonstrative pronouns:

a. Kono, otoko no hito wa, heya ga, hoshii desu.

This, man, wants, the room.

b. Ano, otoko no hito wa, heya ga, hoshii desu.

That, man, wants, the room.

c. Onna no hito wa, kono, pan ga, hoshii desu.

The woman, wants, this, bread.

d. Onna no hito wa, ano, pan ga, hoshii desu.

The woman, wants, that, bread.

6. To illustrate adjectives:

a. Yoi, otoko no hito ga, pan o, tabemasu.

The good, man, eats. the bread.

b. Warui, otoko no hito ga, pan o, tabemasu.

The bad, man, eats, the bread.

c. Yoi, onna no hito ga, yoi pan o, tabemasu.

The good, woman, eats, the good bread.

d. Warui onna no hito ga, warui pan o, tabemasu.

The bad woman, eats, the bad bread.

7. To illustrate possessive pronouns:

a. Onna no hito ga, watashi‑no pan o, tabemasu.

The woman, eats, my bread.

b. Onna no hito ga, watashi‑no pan o, tabemasu.

The woman, eats, my bread.

c. Ano, hito no oksan ga, kare‑no pan o, tabemasu.

That man's wife, eats, his bread.

d. Charlie no, okusan ga, kanojo‑no pan o, tabemasu.

Charlie's wife, eats, her bread.

8. To illustrate "it is" and "there is"

Note:

is =desu for persons

=imasu for place;

=arimasu for objects and others.

a. Soko ni, pan ga, arimasu.

There is bread (object).

b. Kore wa, koko ni, arimasu.

It is here (object).

c. Soko ni, otoko no hito ga, imasu.

There is a man (place).

d. Kore wa, ii desu.

It is good (person).

e. Sore wa, anata ga ... ni, hitsuyo desu.

It is necessary that you ...

f. Sore wa, watashi ga ... ni, hitsuyo desu.

It is necessary that I ...

g. Sore wa, watashi ga ... ni, juyo desu.

It is important that I ...

9. To illustrate the present tense:

a. Watashi wa, tabemasu. I eat

b. Watashi wa, tabemasen. I do not eat

c. Watashi wa, tabete‑imasu.I am eating

d. Watashi wa, tabete‑imasen.I am not eating

e. Anata ga, pan o, tabemasu.You eat the bread

f. Anata ga, pan o, tabemasen.You do not eat the bread

g. Anata ga, kore o, tabemasu.You eat it

h. Anata ga, kore o, tabemasenYou do not eat it

10. To illustrate adverbs/prepositions:

a. Otokono hito wa, heya no nakade, tabemasu.

The man, eats, in the room.

b. Otoko no hito wa, ima (now), tabemasu.

The man, eats, now.

c. Otoko no hito wa, subayaku (quickly), tabemasu.

The man, eats, quickly.

d. Otokono hito wa, supun de, tabemasu.

The man, eats, with a spoon.

.... now stop a moment ... for quiet reflection ...

.... please relax, close your eyes and let the ...

.... language live in your mind ... deeper and deeper ...

11. To illustrate "to be":

a. Watashi wa, otoko, desu.

I am a man.

b. Watashi wa, otoko, de wa arimasen.

I am not a man.

c. Anata wa, koko ni, imasu.

You are here.

d. Anata wa, koko ni, imasen.

You are not here.

e. Anata wa, heya ni, imasu.

You are in the room.

f. Anata wa, heya ni, imasen.

You are not in the room.

12. To illustrate "to have":

a. Watashi wa, pan o, motte imasu.

I, have, the bread.

b. Watashi wa, pan o, motte imasen.

I, do not have, the bread.

c. Anata ga, kore o, motte imasu.

You, have, it.

d. Anata ga, kore o, motte imasen.

You, do not, have it.

13. To illustrate the passive tense:

a. Otoko no, hito wa, pan o, tabemasu.

The man, eats, the bread.

b. Pan wa, otoko no hito ni, tabe‑rare‑masu.

The bread, is eaten by, the man.

c. Ann onna no hito wa, mizu ga, hoshii desu.

That woman, wants, the water.

d. Mizu wa, anno onna no hito ni, hoshii ga‑rare masu.

The water, is wanted, by that woman.

14. To illustrate questions: Note: ka = question.

a. Dare wa, otoko no hito, desu ka?

Who, is, the man?

b. Kore wa, nan, desu ka?

What, is, it?

c. Sore wa, doko, desu ka?

Where, is, it?

d. Pan wa, ikura, desu ka?

How much, is, the bread?

15. To illustrate positive and negative:

a. Hai

Yes

b. Iie.

No

c. Kippari

Definitely!!

d. Sappari

Definitely not!

16. To illustrate "must":

a. Watashi wa, sore o, motsu‑beki desu.

I must, have, it.

b. Anata wa, iku‑beki desu.

You, must, go.

c. Minna ga, taberu‑beki desu.

Everybody, must, eat.

d. Minna ga, iku‑beki dewa nai desu.

Everybody, must not, go.

17. To illustrate "want"

a. Watashi wa, pan ga, hoshii desu.

I want the bread.

b. Anata wa, heya ga, hoshii desu.

You want a room.

c. Watashi wa, tabe‑tai.

I want to eat.

d. Anata wa, sukoshi, moni‑tai.

You want some.

18. To illustrate "everyone":

a. Minna wa, koko ni, imasu.

Everyone is here.

b. Minna wa, pan o, tabemasu.

Everyone eats bread.

c. Minna wa ... ni tsuite hanashimasu.

Everyone talks about ...

d. Minna wa, soko ni, ikimasu.

Everyone goes there.

19. To illustrate relative pronouns:

a. Koko ni, iru, otoko no hito ...

The man who is here ....

b. Watashi to (isshori) tabeta, otoko no hito ...

The man with whom I eat ...

c. Watashi no suki na, otoko no hito ...

The man I like ...

d. Watashi ga, taberu pan ...

The bread that I eat ..

20. To illustrate the past tense:

a. Watashi wa, tabete imashita.

I was eating.

b. Watashi wa, tabemasen deshita.

I was not eating.

c. Anata wa, pan o, tabemashita.

You have eaten the bread.

d. Anata wa, pan o, tabemasen deshita.

You have not eaten the bread.

21. To illustrate the future tense: (I intend to do ...)

a. Watashi wa, taberu o, tsumori desu (intend)

I intend to eat.

b. Watashi wa, taberu o, tsumori dewa arimasen

I do not intend to eat.

c. Anata wa, pan o, taberu o, tsumori desu

You intend to eat bread.

d. Anata wa, sore o, taberu, tsumori de wa arimasen

You do not intend to eat it.

22. To illustrate exclamations:

a. Mo sukoshi o, kudasai

Just a little more please!!

b. Hotondo shimatte masu!

Almost closed!!

Ii desu, Charlie!

Well done, Charlie!

c. Watashi wa, ii desu!!

That's OK by me!!

d. Zenbu, ii desu ka?

Is everything OK?

e. Hidari e magatte

Turn left.

Migi e magatte

Turn right.

Massugu ni itte

Go ahead.

Sonama ma itte

Keep going.

f. Koko de tomatte!!!

Stop right here!!!

g. Ii desu. Subarashi!

OK! Terrific!

Rippa na!

Stupendous!

Sugoi

Great!

h. Hai, waru kunai desu!!!

Really not too bad!!!

i. Hai, anata wa, sore o shimasuYes, you do.

Iie, watashi wa shimasen.

No I don't!

Hai, anata wa, sore o, shimasu.Yes, you do!!

Iie, watashi wa shimasen.

No, I don't!!!

Nado ...

and so on ...

Rikon made desu ...

until the divorce ...

j. Sumimasen. Wakarimasen.Sorry. I don't understand.

Mo ichido, itte kudasai‑masu ka?Try again, please ...!

k. Hip, hip hip ...

Hooray ...

kara ... Thatcher San!!!

for .... Mrs. Thatcher!!

Part C ‑ Word Recognition Routine (4 minutes)

Now look up the glossary and do the following exercise:

1.Search new words, say them many times in the target language, and think them (but do not say) in your own language.

2.Then work through one section of a phrase book to understand everything.

Part D ‑ Repetition (1 minute)

Repeat carefully:

ha‑ji‑me‑ma‑shi‑te

i‑ras‑shai‑ma‑se

do‑i‑ta‑shi‑na‑sh‑te

ku‑ri‑kae‑shi

o‑ja‑ma shi‑ma‑shi‑ta

shit‑su‑rei shi‑masu

i‑ta‑da‑ki‑masu

go‑ku‑ru sa‑ma

yo‑ro‑shik‑u o‑ne‑gai i‑ta‑shi‑masu

sukoshi kudasai

hotondo shimatte imasu!

ii desu, Charlie!

watashi wa, ii desu!!

zenbu, ii desu ka?

Part E ‑ Simple Grammatical Summary (5 minutes)

Try to complete a little more each day ... until at the end of a week it is complete.

SIMPLE GRAMMATICAL SUMMARY

1.Alphabet

A aF fK k P pU u

B b G g ‑ ‑ Q q ‑ ‑

C c H h M r R r W w

D dI i N s S s X x

E e J j O t T t Y/Z y/z

Rough notes:

1."l" uses "r"; "v" uses "b"

2."fu" pronounced "hu"

3."desu pronounced "des".

4."wa/ga" indicate subject

5."wo/o" indicates object

6."ni" indicates location

7."no" indicates possession

8.Many words (I, you, he, some etc.) omitted in practice but included in this program for initial learning

9.An excellent grammar book is available from: R.D. Cortina Co.Inc., publishers, New York, NY 100019, USA.

2.Numbers

1. ichi 6. roku11. ju‑ichi 60. roku‑ju

2. ni 7. shichi 12. ju‑ni 70. shichi‑ju

3. san 8. hachi20. ni‑ju 80. hachi‑ju

4. shi/yon 9. kyu/ku30. san‑ju 90. kyu‑ju

5. go 10. ju 40. shi‑ju 100. h‑yaku

50. go‑ju1,000. sen

lst ‑ ichi-ban

1/4 ‑ shi bun no ichi

2nd ‑ ni‑ban 1/2 ‑ ni bun no ichi

3rd ‑ san‑ban 3/4 ‑ shi bun no san

Note: For persons: 1, 2, 3,4 = hitotsu, futatsu, mittsu, yottsu

One person : hitori

Two persons: futari etc.

3.Nouns

Nom. Acc. Gen. Dat. Abs.

subject object of to from

S teberu t.wa/ga t.ni/o t.no t.ni/e t.kara

(table)

P teberu t.wa/ga t.ni/o t.no t.ni/e t.kara

(tables)

4.Pronouns

Personal Pronouns:

Nom. Acc. Gen. Dat. Abs.

I me myto me from me

Iwatashiwa/gani/o no ni/e kara

you anata

he kare

she kanojo ‑ same ‑

it sore

we watashi‑tachi

you anata‑tachi

they karera

Note for "I": watashi wa (I)

boku‑wa (used by men only) (I)

watakushi‑wa (used by anyone)

Demonstrative Pronouns:

this

kono/kore

that ano/are

a - (use one ‑ ichi or hitots)

the ‑ (use that ‑ sono)

Relative Pronouns:

who (phrase) no hito/ne aru tokorono

which (phrase) no mono/nazenara so rewa

that (phrase) no mono/de aru tokorono

whose donata no/dare no

Interrogative Pronouns:

who? dare?

where? doko? dochira?

how long?dore‑gurai no jikan/dore dare nagaika?

what?nani/nan?

how?doyatte/dore dare?

why?naze?

when? itsu/toki?

which? dorega/dochira ga?

whose? dare no?

4.Pronouns

Indefinite Pronouns:

anybody dare‑ka/dare demo

anything nani‑ka/nan demo

anywhere doko‑ka/doko e

somebody dare‑ka

something nani‑ka

sometimes toki‑doki

nobody dare‑mo no

nothing nani‑mo no

everybody minna/dare mokamo

everything zenbun/nani mokamo

everywhere doko demo

a little sukoshi/chotto no

some ikuraka no

all minna/zembu no/nani mokamo

every mai/subeteno

5. Prepositions/Particles

in ni/no naka ni

behind no ushiro ni

up no ue ni

under no shita ni

less than yori sukunai

on no ue ni

near soba ni/chikaku ni

down no shita ni

more motto/oku/yori ooku

before no mae ni

far toku ni

to e/made/ni

during ni/aida ni

some i kuraka no/aru

or aruiwa/matawa/ka

from kara

a ‑ (use ichi or hitotsuno)

at ni/de

also mo/mata

with no tame ni/to issho ni/no tumi ni

the ‑ (use sono)

6.Conjunctions:

and to/soshite

therefore sore de wa/desu kara

that ano/are/sore/sono/toio

but kerdoma/shikashi/demo

why naze/suru riyu

before mae ni/suru mae ni

although kere‑domo/da keredomo

then sonotoki/sore kara

when itsu/toki/tori ni

because nazerama/dakara

so sate/so/so rede

after kara/ue/no ato ni

where doko/toko/ro ni

also mo

7. Interjections:

oh! A!

really ne/genni

actually jitsu wa/hontoni

8.Adjectives and others

bad warui

good yoi/ii/yoroshii

difficult muzukashii

easy kantan/yasashii

high ue no/takai

useful cho ho na/benrina

cheap yasui

dear takai

clean kirei

dirty kitanai

cold tsumetai/samui

hot atsui

wrong chigau/warui

right tasashii

early hayai

late osoi

hungry onaka ga suite/kufuna

thirsty nodo ga kawaite

young wakai

new atarashii

old furui/toshiyori (age)

clever riko na/kashiko

important juyo na

short mijikai

long nagai

large okii/‑dai

small chiisai

slow osoi

fast hayai

happy shiawase na

9.Adverbs and others:

affirmative:

yes hai

no iie/iya

not ja/nai/‑imasen/dewa/danai

doubt:

perhaps jabun/osoraku

if moshi/nara

now ima

whether ka do ka

time:

before no mae/izen

after no ato

sometimes toki‑doki

always itsumo

never kesshite ga (with negative)

place:

here koko ni

there soko ni/asoko ni

everywhere doko demo/doko kami

nowhere doko demo ga (with negative)/doko nimo

other:

slowly osoku

quickly hayaku

10.Verb ‑ to be

To be:

de‑arima‑su/de‑aru/de‑aru‑ite

desu/deshita (persons)

imasu/imashita (places)

arimasu/dewa arimasen (things and others)

I am/I am not:

watashi‑wa ... desu/imasu

watashi‑wa ... dewa arimasen/imasen

I was/I was not

watashi‑wa ... de‑shita/imashita

watashi‑wa ... de‑wa arimasen deshita/de nakatta/inakatta

I will be/I will not be

watashi‑wa ... desho

watashi‑wa ... de nai desho

Note: the future tense only used when there is "doubt"; otherwise just use the present tense e.g "I go tomorrow".

I want to be/I do not want to be:

watashi wa ... tai desu

watashi wa ... taku nai desu

Let us be/not be:

... mas‑ho

... yame masho

Please be/do not be:

... te kudasai

... nai de kudasai

Note:

it is = ... desu

it is not = ... dewa arimasen

there is = ... ga arimasu

there is not = ... ga arimasen

11.Other Verbs

To have: motte imasu/motte iru/motte itte

I have/I have not:

watashi‑wa ... motte imasu

watashi-wa ... motte imasen

I had/I did not have

watashi‑wa ... motte imashita

watashi‑wa ... motte‑masen deshita

I will have/I will not have

watashi‑wa ... motte iru desho/motte inakatta

watashi‑wa ... motte nai desho

I want to have/ I do not want to have:

watashi wa ... motte ite‑tai desu

watashi wa ... motte itaku nai desu

Let us have/not have:

mochimasho

motsu no o yame masho

Please have/do not have:

te kudasai

... nai de kudasai.

11.Other Verbs

To do: shimasu/suru/shite

I do/I do not do:

watashi‑wa ... sh‑imasu

watashiowa ... sh‑imasen

I did do/I did not do

watashi‑wa ... shi‑mashita

watashi‑wa ... shi‑masen deshita

I will do/I will not do

watashi‑wa ... suru desho

watashi‑wa ... shi nai desho

I want to do/I do not want to do:

watashi wa ... shi‑tai desu

watashi wa ... shi‑taku nai desu

Let us do/not do:

shi‑mas‑ho

shi‑masen‑ho

Please do/do not do:

shi‑te kudasai

shi‑nai kudasai

11.Other Verbs

To go: ikimasu/iku/itte

I go/I do not go:

watashi‑wa ... ikimasu

watashi‑a ... ikimasen

I did go/I did not go

watashi‑wa ... iki‑mashita

watashi‑wa ... iki‑masen deshita

I will go/I will not go

watashi‑wa ... iku desho

watashi‑wa ... ikanai desho

I want to go/I do not want to go:

watashi wa ... iki‑tai desu

watashi wa ... iki‑taku nai desu

Let us go/not go:

iki‑mas‑ho

iki‑masen‑ho

Please go/do not go:

it‑te kudasai

ika nai de kudasai.

11.Other Verbs

To need: ir‑imasu/i‑ru/itte

I need/I do not need:

watashi‑wa ... ir‑imasu

watashi‑wa ... ir‑imasen

I did need/I did not need:

watashi‑wa ... iri‑mashita

watashi‑wa ... iri‑masen deshita

I will need/I will not need:

watashi‑wa ... iru desho

watashi‑wa ... ira nai desho

To eat: tabe‑masu/taberu/tabete

I eat/I do not eat:

watashi‑wa ... tabe‑masu

watashi‑wa ... tabe‑masen

I did eat/I did not eat

watashi‑wa ... tabe‑mashita

watashi‑wa ... tabe‑masen deshita/tabe-nakatta

I will eat/I will not eat

watashi‑wa ... taberu desho

watashi‑wa ... tabe nai desho

I want to eat/I do not want to eat:

watashi wa ... tabe‑tai desu

watashi wa ... tabe‑taku nai desu

Let us eat/not eat:

tabe‑mas‑ho

tabe‑masen‑ho

Please eat/do not eat:

tabe‑te kudasai

tabe‑nai de kudasai.

11.Other Verbs

To call: yobimasu/yobu/yonde

I call/I do not call:

watashi‑wa ... yobi‑masu

watashi‑wa ... yobi‑masen

I did call/I did not call

watashi‑wa ... yobe‑mashita

watashi‑wa ... yobe‑masen deshita

I will call/I will not call

watashi‑wa ... yobu desho

watashi‑wa ... yoba nai desho

I want to call/I do not want to call:

watashi wa ... yobi‑tai desu

watashi wa ... yobi‑taku nai desu

Let us call/not call:

yobe‑mas‑ho

yobe‑masen‑ho

Please go/do not go:

yonde kudasai

yaba nai de kudasai.

11.Other Verbs

To understand/know: wakarimasu/wakaru/wakatte

I understand/I do not understaand:

watashi‑wa ... wakar‑imasu

watashi‑wa ... wakar‑imasen

I did understand/I did not understand:

watashi‑wa ... wakari‑mashita

watashi‑wa ... wakar‑imasen deshita

I will understand/I will not understand:

watashi‑wa ... wakaru desho

watashi‑wa ... wakara nai desho

I want to understand/I do not want to understand:

watashi wa ... wakari tai desu

watashi wa ... wakari taku nai desu

Let us understand/not understand:

wakar‑imasho

wakar‑masen‑ho

Please understand/do not understand:

wakat‑te kudasai

wakara nai de kudasai

11.Other Verbs

To be able/can: dekimasu/dekiru/dekite

I can/I cannot:

watashi‑wa ... dek‑imasu

watashiowa ... dek‑imasen

I could/I could not:

watashi‑wa ... deki‑mashita

watashi‑wa ... dek‑imasen deshita

I will be able/I will not be able

watashi‑wa ... dekiru desho

watashi‑wa ... dekira nai desho

I want to be able/I do not want to be able:

watashi wa ... deki‑tai desu

watashi wa ... deki‑taku nai desu

Note: I like/want things ...

watashi‑wa mono (things) ... ga suki/hoshii desu

watashi‑wa tabemono (food) ... ga suki/hoshii desu

watashi‑wa budoshu (wine) ... ga suki/hoshii desu

12.Word order

I give watashi wa, agemasu

I give it watashi wa, sore o, agemasu

now I give it watashi wa, ima, sore o, agemasu

now I give it to himwatashi wa, ima, sore o, kare ni,

agemasu

Note:

Tebera wa doko ni arimasu ka = table (wa) where (ni) is (ka)?

13.Comparisons

Adjectives:

big okii

bigger yori okii

biggest ichi‑ban okii/mottomo okii

Adverbs:

quick hayaku

quicker yori hayaku

quickest ichi ban hayaku/mottomo hayaku

14.Time

days months times

Getsu‑yobi(M)Ichi‑gatsu(J)yesterdaykino

Ka‑yobiNi‑gatsutoday kyo

Sui‑yobi San‑gatsutomorrow ashita/asu

Moku‑yobi Shi‑gatsu

Kinj‑yobi Go‑gatsu morning asa/gozen

Do‑yobi (Sat)Roku‑gatsu afternoonhiru/gogo

Nichi‑yobi Shichi‑gatsu eveningban/yugata

Hachi‑gatsu night yoru

Ku‑gatsu

Ju‑gatsu

Ju‑ichi‑gatsu

Ju‑ni‑gatsu

Note: Date ‑ 17.7.1999

sen (1000) ku‑yaku (900) ku‑ju‑ku (99) nen (year),

Shichi‑gatsu (July), ju‑shichi (17) nichi (day).

15.Greetings

Welcome! i-ras‑shai‑mase/yokoso!

Welcome home o kaeri nasai

So sorry to bother you shitsurei shimasu/shimashita

No bother o somatsu sama

Thank you for asking o kage sama de

Well done Gokuro‑sama

Hello konnichiwa

How are you? o‑genki desu ka/gokigen ikaga?

I am well, thank you genki desu, domo arigato

Sorry! sumi‑masen/shitsurei shimashita

Excuse me sumi-masen

Oh, it was nothing o‑somatsu sama

OK ii desu

Yes hai

No iie

Please yoroshiku o‑negai shimasu

Thank you arigato gozaimasu/domo

Excuse me shitsurei desu ga

I am sorry sumi‑masen

Waiter? sumimasen, chotto?

How much is that? ikura desu ka?

Where is the toilet? o‑tearai wa doko desu ka?

Where/when/why? doko?/itsu?/naze?

What time is it? ima, nan‑ji desu ka?

Help me please? testudatte kudasai?

What does this mean? kore wa, doyu, imi desu ka?

I do not understand wakar‑imasen

Pleased to meet you dozo yoroshiku

Please speak slowly motto yukkuri hanahete kudasai

See you later dewa mata atode

Great!!! subarashi!!!

Oh! A!!

15.Greetings

Let's go to ... ... e iki masho

I speak a little Japanese watashi wa, sukoshi, Nihongo o,

hanashimasu

Itte/tomatte/matte/haitte please go/stop/wait/come in

Iie, so dewa arimasen that is not correct

Ita‑dakimasu/kampai!! "bon appetit"/cheers!!

Itte mo, ii desu ka? Ok to go?

"berubetto" velvet (as written)

Chotto o‑machi kudasai just a moment please

Cgotto matte just a moment

Hajime‑mashite bye bye ...

Doi‑tashi‑mashite you're welcome

Yare, yare ... Well, well ...

FEEDBACK QUIZ

1. Ohayo goza‑imasu, John!

a. Ohayo goza‑imasu, dozo Jane!

b. Kombanwa, Jane!!

c. Ohayo goza‑imasu, Jane.

d. Yoi asa desu, Jane.

~A4,3

2. Anata‑wa, o genki desu, ka, John?

a. Anata‑wa o genki desu, domo arigato.

b. Watashi‑wa genki desu, domo arigato.

c. John‑wa o genki desu, domo arigato.

d. Watashi‑wa genki desu, Jane, dozo!.

~A4,2

3. Anata‑wa, Sancos san, desu ka?

a. Iie, watashi‑wa Sancos dewa nai arimasen.

b. Hai, watashi‑wa Sancos desu.

c. Iie, Khulu, watashi‑wa koko ni imasu.

d. Hai, Khulu, watashi‑wa koko ni imasu.

~A4,1

4. Anata‑wa, koko ni, imasu ka, John?

a. Iie, John, watashi‑wa koko ni imasen.

b. Hai, John, anata‑wa soko ni imasu.

c. Jane, watashi‑wa, genki desu.

d. Hai, Jane, watashi‑wa koko ni imasu.

~A4,4

5. Karera‑wa, sukoshi budoshu, o motte imasu, ka?

a. Hai, karera‑wa sukoshi budoshu‑o motte imasu.

b. Hai, watashi‑tachi‑wa sukoshi budoshu‑o motte imasu.

c. Hai, karera‑wa tabemono‑o motte imasen.

d. Iie, karera‑wa heya‑o motte imasu, domo arigato.

~A4,1

6. Anata‑wa, nan (how much) doru, motte imasu ka?

a. Anata‑wa san doru motte imasu.

b. Watashi‑tachi‑wa pan o motte imasu.

c. Watashi‑wa san doru hoshii desu.

d. Watashi‑wa go doru motte imasu.

~A4,4

7. Ni tasu go wa:

a. San ta‑su shi.

b. Roku.

c. Hachi.

d. Kyu.

~A4,1

8. Anata‑wa, soko ni, heya ga, arimasu?

a. Iie, watashi‑wa ano heya o motte imasen.

b. IIe, watashi‑wa sono heya o torimasen.

c. Iie. Watashi‑wa budoshu o motte imasu.

d. Hai, watashi‑wa heya o motte imasu.

~A4,4

9. Ano budoshu wa doko desuka?

a. Ano budosho wa warui desu.

b. Budoshu to tabemono wa koko desu.

c. John ga sono tabemono o motte imasu.

d. Kono budoshu wa yoi desu.

~A4,2

10. Kare‑wa, ano warui tabemono, o tabe‑tai (want to eat) desu, ka?

a. Hai, kare‑wa budoshu o nom‑inasu.

b. Hai, kare‑wa ryoko shi‑tai desu.

c. Hai, kare‑wa onaka ga suite (hungry) imasu.

d. Hai, kare‑wa okane o motte imasu.

~A4,3

11. Sono shiroi (white) mono wa, doko desu, ka?

a. Ano kuroi (black) mono wa koko desu.

b. Kuroi mono wa koko ni nai‑desu.

c. Sono shiroi mono wa, teberu no shita (under) desu.

d. Shiro wa nani iro (colour) desu ka?

~A4,3

12. Hon (book) wa, teburu no soba ni (on), arimasu ka?

a. Iie, sore‑wa teberu no shita (under) ni, arimasen.

b. Hai, sore‑wa teberu no ue ni, arimasen.

c. Iie, sore‑wa koko ni, arimasen.

d. Hai, sore‑wa teburu no ue ni, arimasu.

~A4,4

13. Anata‑wa, watashi no ushiro ni, imasu: dakara (so) ...

a. Watashi‑wa anata no ushiro ni imasu.

b. Watashi‑wa anata no chikaku ni imasen.

c. Watashi‑wa anata no mae ni imasu.

d. Watashi‑wa anata no mae ni imasen.

~A4,3

14. Bisuketto o torin‑asai to ...

a. Teberu kara hitotsu tor‑inasai.

b. Watashi ni kudasai

c. Taburu no shita ni okinasai

d. Bisketto o tora‑nai‑de kudasai.

~A4,2

15. Kono hon wa nani iro (colour) desu ka?

a. Sore wa, koko dewa arimasen.

b. Hon no iro wa arimasen.

c. Anata wa hon o motte imasu ka?

d. Sore wa kuroi non (black) desu.

~A4,4

16. Kyo wa Getsu‑yobi desu; ashita wa nan yobi desu ka?

a. Kyo wa Ka‑yobi desu.

b. Ashita wa Nichi‑yobi desu.

c. Kino wa Getsu‑yobi deshita.

d. Ashita wa Ka‑yobi desu

~A4,4

17. San‑gatsu no tsugi wa nan‑gatsu desu ka?

a. Ni‑gatsu desu.

b. San‑gatsu dewa nai desu.

c. Shi‑gatsu desu.

d. Shi‑gatsu no tsugi wa Go‑gatsu desu.

~A4,3

18. Ichi‑nen wa nanka‑gatsu desu ka?

a. Ishuken wa nanoka desu.

b. Ichi nen wa 365 nichi desu.

c. Chrismas made ato ju‑ni nichi desu.

d. Ichi‑nen wa ju‑ni Ka‑getsu desu.

~A4,4

19. Go‑ju doru wa tsukau niwa takusan sugiru okane desu ka?

a. Hai, sukana sugimasu.

b. Iie, kanojo wa takusan tamemasu.

c. Iie, sore wa takusen dewa nai desu.

d. Tameru niwa takusan sugi masu.

~A4,3

20. Budoshu wa ikura desu ka?

a. Budoshu wa yoi desu.

b. Budoshu wa nan demo nai desu.

c. Sore wa go‑doru desu.

d. Karera wa okane o motte imasen.

~A4,3

21. London dewa doko ni ikitai desu ka?

a. Watashi wa Oxford Dori ni iki‑tai desu.

b. Picadilly Circus wa koko kara sugu desu.

c. Watashi wa takushi niwa, kesshite hitori de norimasen.

d. Dozo wa tashi no nimotsu o tasukete kudasai.

~A4,1

22. Doshite tabi o shitai desu ka?

a. Keiban wa watashi o tasukeru noga suki desu.

b. Takushi ga ichiban hayai desu.

c. Densha wa ichi‑ji ni kimasu.

d. Dozo watashi no nimotsu o tasukete kudasai.

~A4,2

23. Kyo anata wa densha de ikimasu ka?

a. Hai, watashi wa kuLo made arukimasu.

b. Iie, watashi wa sono genge o hanashimasen.

c. Hai, watashi wa unten‑suru noga suki desu.

d. Iie, kyo watlashi wa tabi o shitaku arimasen.

~A4,4

24. Anata wa Eigo o jozu ni hanashimasu ka?

a. Hai, watashi wa Eigo o jazu hanashimasu.

b. Iie, watashi wa Eigo ga wakarimasen.

c. Hai, watashi wa Eigo o shitte imasu.

d. Hai, watashi wa London ga suki desu.

~A4,1

25. Kanojo wa waiter no tame no tippu o fukunde imasu ka?

a. Hai, tabemono to budoshu wa kanjo ni fukumarete imasu.

b. Service wa itsumo fukumarete imasu.

c. Iie, restaurant wa shimatte imasu.

d. Waiter wa tippu ga hoshii desu.

~A4,2

26. Yoshoku ni nani ga hoshii desu ka?

a. Watashi wa oyatsu ni soup ga hoshii desu.

b. Yushoku ni ice cream watashi o futorase masu.

c. Watashi‑tachi wa soup to niku to yasai o tabemasu.

d. Kare wa kesshite ka‑yabi niwa chushoku wa tabemasen.

~A4,3

27. Hiru ni wa dono shokuji o tabemasu ka?

a. Watashi wa ju‑ni‑ji ni budoshu o nomimasu.

b. Yushoku no ato de watashi wa chushoku o tabemasu.

c. Chushoku o tabemasu.

d. Kare wa kesshitc choshoku o tabemasen.

~A4,3

28. Anata wa dono‑yonishite ice cream o tabemasu ka?

a. Watashi wa naifu to fork to spoon de tabemasu.

b. Kare wa spoon o tsukai masu.

c. Yubi niwa sore wa tsumetai desu

d. Naifu to fark wa yoku nai desu.

~A4,4

29. Choshoku niwa anata wa nani nomimasu ka?

a. Watashi wa budoshu ka ocha ka coffee o nomimasu.

b. Watashi wa kesshite choshoku o tabemasen.

c. Kare va ocha o nomimasu.

d. Karera wa coffee o nomimasu.

~A4,1

30. Anata wa nani o nomimasu ka?

a. Sato o sukoshi, dozo.

b. Watashi wa coffee ni sato o ireru noge suki desu.

c. Karera wa coffee o nimi masu.

d. Watashi wa akai budoshu ga hoshi desu, dozo.

~A4,4

31. Anata wa businessman desu ka?

a. Hai, watashi wa shiawase desu.

b. Iie, watashi wa kei‑yaku o anata niwa urimasen.

c. Hai, watashi wa shohin o uri‑kai shimasu.

d. Watashi wa kyo wa hataraki masen.

~A4,3

32. Anata ga kaisha o tsukuru toki anata wa kabu kara

okane o emasuka?

a. Kaisha wa itsumo rieki o tsukuri masu.

b. Seerusu hiku kosuto wa rieki desu.

c. Kabu wa itsumo yasui desu.

d. Kaisha ga kabu o urimasu.

~A4,4

33. Business de va watashi‑tachi wa shojiki desu.

a. Rieki o tsukuru toki.

b. Keikan ga chikaku ni inai toki.

c. Hotondo no toki.

d. Watashi‑tachi wa yoku hatatak‑imasu.

~A4,3

34. Keiyaku wa ... de musubu koto ga dekimasu.

a. Tegami dake de.

b. Denwa dake de

c. Kaku tori ni yori nomi.

d. Takusan no hoho.

~A4,4

35. Kongetsu anata no keijo‑hi wa takai desu ka?

a. Hai, shisan wa hikui desu.

b. IIe, kosuto wa yoi desu.

c. Seerusu to keijo hi wa hikui desu.

d. Hai, rieki ga zenzen arimasen.

~A4,4

36. Kazoku niwa nan‑ninimasuka?

a. Chichi wa amari takusan isugi to omoi masu.

b. Haha wa motto takusan hashii desu.

c. Kodomo wa karera no shinseki o kazoe masu.

d. Yo‑nin kodomo ga ireba roku‑nin desu.

~A4,4

37. Kazoku no member wa dare desu ka?

a. Kyodai to shimai desu.

b. Kodomo to karera no ryoshin desu.

c. Haha to chichi to musuko to musume desu.

d. Kodomo to ryoshin to so‑fubo desu.

~A4,3

38. Kazoku wa nani o shimasu ka?

a. Karera wa daitai minna aishite, kirartte

kenka‑o‑shimasu.

b. Ryoshin wa tokidoki kenka‑o‑shimasu.

c. Ryoshin wa kodomo o aishite‑iamsu.

d. Kyodai wa itsumo kenka‑o‑shimasu.

~A4,1

39. Kodomo wa kekkon no ato de kimasu ka, mae ni kimasu ka?

a. Komoddon?o wa kesshite kekkon~ no mae niwa kimasen.

b. Kodomo wa itsumo kekkon no ato ni kimasu.

c. Futsu, kodomo wa kekkon no ato ni kimasu.

d. Tokidoki kodomo wa kekkon no ato ni kimasu.

~A4,3

40. Ame ga furu toki ...

a. Sora niwa kumo ga arimasen.

b. Taiyo ga tette ima su.

c. Kiri ga koi desu.

d. Takusan no kumo ga arimasu.

~A4,4

41. Anata wa ashita soko ni iru desho ka?

a. Iie, karera wa soko ni imasen deshita

b. Kyo, kare wa soko ni iru desho.

c. Iie, watashi wa inai desho.

d. Watashi wa ike‑masen.

~A4,3

42. Anata wa budoshu o no mimashita ka?

a. Iie, watashi wa budoshu o nomi masen deshita.

b lie, watashi wa budoshu o nomi masen.

c. Hai, karera wa sore o nomu desho.

d. Kya wa budoshu wa irimasen.

A4,1

43. Anata wa okane ga hoshii katta no desu ka?

a. Hai, ima hoshii desu.

b. Hai, karera wa sore ga hoshiku nai desu

c. Watashi‑tachi wa sore o motte imasu.

d. Mo sugu hoshii desho.

~A4,4

44. Karera wa soko ni imashita ka?

a. Karera wa soko ni iru desho.

b. Kare wa soko ni imashita.

c. Karera wa soko ni imashita.

d. Watashi wa shirimasen.

~A4,3

45. Kanojo wa sore ga dekimasu ka?

a. Iie, kanojo wa sore ga dekimasen.

b. Iie, kare wa sore ga dekimasen.

c. Iie, Kanojo wa sore o shimasen.

d. Iie, kare wa shinai desho.

~A4,1

46. Meirei o suru otoko no hito wa itsumo yoi manager desu ka?

a. Yoi managcr wa sore dake o shimasu.

b. Yoi manager wa meirei o suru yori motto shimasu.

c. Business dewa shageshiku hatarakaneba narimasen.

d. Onna no hito wa yoi nanager ni narimasu.

~A4,2

47. Anata na kuchi dake no hito desuka, ka sudoka desu ka?

a. Watashi‑tachi wa iya na hito soto ni deseneba narimasen

b. Yol manager wa itsumo umaku hanasaneba narimasen.

c. Watashi wa monogote o owaseru noga suki desu.

d. Business wa geemu desu.

~A4,3

48. Watashi tatta nama meetng ga suki desu; nazenara ‑

a. Manager wa suwarn nari kara desu.

b. Katsudoka wa motto suru kara desu.

c. Kuchi‑dake‑no hito wa katsudoka ni naranakereba

naranai kara desu.

d. Business wa geemu da kara desu.

~A4,3

49. Business dewa hayaku koshikoi dake le jubun desu ka?

a. Hai, business wa saikoro wa geemu desu.

b. Iie, anata wa yoku hatarakeneba narimasen.

c. Onna no hito wa otoko yori mo yoku hatarak‑imasu.

d. Watashi wa okane wa subarashii to amo‑imasu

~A4,2

50. Anata‑gata wa shigoto ni kanshite shiawase desu ka?

a. Watashi‑tachi wa shigoto ni manzoku shite imasu

b. Watashi wa yoru niwa ie ni kaer‑iamsen.

c. Iie, business wa umaku itte imasu.

d. Manager wa amarini toshitotto imasu.

~A4,3

GLOSSARY

ENGLISH/FRENCH/JAPANESE/GERMAN

(rough spelling and gender, with few accents)

aun/une- (use are)in/eine

aboutenvirongoro/yakuungefähr

accidentaccident,l'jikoUnfall

actionaction,lakatsudoHandlung

actuallyen faitjitchi hentonieigentlich

afteraprèskara/no ato denach

afternoonaprès‑midi,l'gogoNachmittag

airportaeroport,l'kukoFlughafen

aloneseulhitori deallein#

alsoaussimoauch

alwaystoujoursitsumoimmer

am (I)suis (je)wat. wa desubin (ich)

andetsoshite/to/shiund

anniversary anniversaire l' kinembiJahrestag

anybodynìmporte quihiyo/darekairgend‑jemand

anythingnìmporte quoinani kairgend‑etwas

AprilAvrilShi‑gatsuApril

are(you)êtes (vous)anata wa desusind

arrivearrivertsukimasuankommen

atàni/dean

AugustAoutHachi‑gatsuAugust

badmauvaiswaruischlecht

bankbanque,laginkoBank

barbarbaBar

bathbain,lefuro/basuBad

beatbattrenagurimasuschlagen

beautifulbeau/bellekirei naschön

becauseparce quekara/no deweil

bedlit,lebeddoBett

begincommencerhajimarimasuanfangen

behindderrièreushiro dehinter

besideà côté deno/soba deneben

bettermeilleurmotto iibesser

billfacture,lakanjoRechnung

biggrandokiigross

biscuitbiscuit,lebisukettoKeks

blacknoirkuroschwarz

booklivre,lehonBuch

boygarcon,leotoko no koJunge

breadpain,lepanBrot

breakfastpetit dej. lechoshokuFruhstück

brotherfrère,lekyodaiBruder,

busautobus,lebasuBus

businessaffaires,lesshigotoGeschäft

buyacheterkaimasukaufen

can (able)pouvoirdekimasukonnen

carauto,l'kurumaAuto

carefullyprudentteinei navorsichtig

carryportermotte ikimasutragen

cashargent,legenkinBargeld

chairchaise,laisuStuhl

cheapbon marchéyasuibillig

childrenenfantsko/kodomoKinder

choosechoisirerabimasuwahlen

cigarettecigarette,latabakoZigarette

cleanproprekirei nasauber

cleverintelligentriko naklug

cloudsnuages,leskumoWolken, die

coffeecafe,lekohiiKaffee

coldfroidsamuikalt

colourcouleur,lairoFarbe

comevenirkimasukommen

complainplaindrekoboshimasuklagen

contractcontrat,lekeiyakuVertrag

cookcuireryori shimasukochen

costcoût,lehiyo/kosutoKosten

countconterkazoemasuzählen

creditorscréditeurs,lescreditorsGläubiger

cuptasse,lakoppuTasse

customerclient,lekyakuKunde

customsdouane,lazeikanZoll

daughterfille,lamusumeTochter

dayjour,lehi/nichiTag

dearchertakateuer

debtorsdébiteurs,lesshakkinSchuldner

DecemberDécembreJuni‑gatsuDezember

dinnerdîner,leyuskokuAbendessen

dirtysalefuketsuschmutzig

divided bydivisé partiabetso sh.dividiert durch

dofaireshimasutun

doctormédecin,leishaArzt

doersactifs,lesdoersTäter

drinkboirenomimasutrinken

driveconduireunten shimasufahren

drysecdoraitrocken

earlyde bonne heurehayaifruh

easyfacileyasashiileicht

eatmangertabemasuessen

eighthuithachiacht

eightyquatre vingthachi‑juachtzig

eitheroude moentweder

elevenonzeju‑ichielf

EnglishAnglaisEigoEnglisch

enjoysàmusertanoshimasusich freuen

enoughassez(de)jubun nagenug

etc.et ceteranadousw

eveningsoir,lebanAbend

everychaquemai/‑goto/donojeder

fall offtombertaoremasufallen

familyfamille,lakazokuFamilie

fatherpère,lechichi/otosanVater

father/lawbeau‑père,legifuSchwiegervater

fatgrosshibobunfett

FebuaryFévrierNi‑gatsuFebruar

fiftycinquantego‑jufünfzig

fightcombattretatakaimasukämpfen

financefinancerkinyufinanzieren

findtrouvermitsukemasufinden

finebeauiischön (Wetter)

fingersdoigts,lesyubiFinger

finishfinirshimaimasubeenden

fishpoisson,lesakanaFisch

fivecinqgofünf

fogbrouillard,lekiriNebel

foodnourriture,latabemonoEssen

foolsfous,lesbakaVerrückten

forpourno tame nifür

forkfourchette,laforkuGabel

fourquatreshi/yo/yonvier

fortyquaranteshi‑juvierzig

FridayVendredi,leKin‑yobiFreitag

friendlysympathiquetomodachifreundlich

friendsamis,lestomodachiFreunde

future(adj) futurshraizukünftig

gamejeu,legemuSpiel

generallygénéralementzentai niallgemein

getobtenirmoraimasubekommen

girljeune fille,laonna no koMädchen

givedonneragemasugeben

glassverre,lekoppuGlas

goallerikimasugehen

goodbonii/yoi/yoro.gut

good‑byeau revoirsayonaraauf Wiedersen

good even.bonsoirkombanwaguten Abend

good morn.bonjourohayo goza‑im. guten Morgen

good nightbonne nuitoyasumi nasaigute Nacht

greedygourmandkuishimbogierig

halfmoitiéhambunhalb

happyheureuxshiawaseglücklich

hatedêtesterga iya desuhassen

haveavoir (j'ai)motte arimasuhaben

heilkareer

hellosalutkonnichiwa/mo.hallo

helpaidertedsudaimasuhelfen

helpfulutiletetsudhaibehilflich

her (acc.)la/luikanojoihr

hereicikoko/kochirahier

herselfelle‑mêmejibunsie selbst

himle/luikareihn/ihm

himselflui‑mêmejibuner selbst

hissonkare nosein

honesthonnêtshojikiehrlich

hopeespèrernozomimasuhoffen

hospitalhopital,lebyoinKrankenhaus

hotchaudatsuiheiss

hotelhotel,lehoteruHotel

how are y.? comment a.‑v.?genki desu ka? wie geht e.I.?

how many?combien de?ikutsu/nan?wieviel?

howevercependantkeredomojedoch

hundredcenthyakuhundert

hungryavoir faimonaka ga suite hungrig

husbandmari,leshujinEhemann

Ijewatashi/w.‑k.ich

I am wellje vais bienw.w.genki desumir geht es gut

ice‑creamglace,laaisukurimuEis

ifsimoshi/narawenn

importantimportantjuyo nawichtig

impossibleimpossibledekinaiunmöglich

in front of devantmae nivor

intelligent intelligentwakari ga iiklug

inventoryinventaire, l'mokurokuInventor

is (he)est (il)desu/imasu/ar.ist (er)

itcelasorees (er)

itselfcela‑mêmesore jishines selbst

JanuaryJanvierIchi‑gatsuJanuar

journeyvoyage,leryokoReise

JulyJuilletShichi‑gatsuJuli

JuneJuinRoku‑gatsuJuni

knifecoûteau,lenaifuMesser

knowsavoir/conn.shiru/wakaruwissen

labourmain dòeuvrerodoArbeit

languagelangue,lakotoba/goSprache

latetardosoispät

laterplus tardato despäterer

learnapprendrenaraimasulernen

lessmoins deyori sukunaiminus/weniger

letterlettre,lategamiBrief

lifevie,lainochiLeben

like (verb) aimerga suki desugern haben

listenécoûterkikimasuzuhören

littlepeuchiisai/sukos.wenig

longlongnagailang

long runfinalementmotto nagakuauf die Dauer

lookregardermimasuschauen

look forcherchersagashimasusuchen

lossperte,lasongaiVerlust

lot,lotsbeaucoup detakusan noviel

loveaimer bienaishimasulieben

lowbashikuitief

lucky (be)avoir/chancetsuite imasuGlück (haben)

luggagebagages,leste-nimotsuGepack

lunchdéjeuner,lechushokuMittagessen

make/dofairetskurimasumachen

manhomme,l'otoko/danseiMann

managerdirecteur,leshihaininManager

manybeaucoup (de)takusan noviele

mapplan,lechizuLandkarte

MarchMarsSan‑gatsuMärz

marriagemarriage,lekekkonHeirat

marryse marierkekkon shimasuheiraten

materialsmateriaux,leszairyoMaterialien

MayMaigo‑gatsuMai

memewatashimich

mealrepas,leshokujiEssen

meatviande,lanikuFleisch

meetrencontrerni aimasukennen lernen

meetingréunion,lakaiVersammlung

mind (not)égal (etre)kamaimasenégal (mir)

minuteminute,lafun/punMinute

MissMademoiselleSanFräulein

mistakeerreur,lamachigaiFehler

MondayLundi,leGetsu‑yobiMontag

moneyargent,laokaneGeld

monthmoins,letsuki/gatsuMonat

moreplusmotto/momehr

morningmatin,leasa/gozenMorgen

mothermère,lahaha/okasanMutter

mother‑i.l.belle‑mèregiboSchweigermutter

MrMonsieurSanHerr

MrsMadameSanFrau

multipl.bymultiplier parsan ni go..omultipliz.mit

mustdevoirna kereba nar.müssen

mymonwata(ku)shi nomein

myselfmoi‑mêmejibunich selbst

nearprès dechikainahe

neverjamaiskesshite (neg)niemals

never mindn'importekamaimasennichts (macht)

newneufatarashiineu

niceagréablemei/iinett

nineneufku/kyuneun

nightnuit,laban/yoruNacht

ninetyquatre‑v.‑dixku‑juneunzig

nononiienein

nobodypersonnedare no (neg)niemand

noisebruit,leotoKrach

notne...pasdewa/ja/nainicht

nothingriennani mo nainichts

NovemberNovembreJuichi‑gatsuNovember

nowmaintenantima/ima karajetz

o`clockheures (7.00)ji (7.00)Uhr (7.00)

OctoberOctobreJu‑gatsuOktober

of coursenaturellementmochironnatürlich

Oh!Oh!A!Ach!

oldvieuxfuruialt

onsurno ue/de/e/niauf

oneunichi/hitotsueins

orouaruiwa/kaoder

ordersordres,lestsuideBestellungen

ournotrewat.‑tachi nounser

ourselvesnous‑mêmejibunwir selbst

outdehorssoto/eaus

overheadsfrais gen.leshiyoLaufenden U.

owner`s eq.capital,leowners equityAnlagekapital

parentsparents,lesoyaEltern

passportpasseport,lepasupotoPass

peoplegenshitobitoMenschen

placeendroit,lebasho/tokoroPlatz

planeavion,lehikokiFlugzeug

plateassiette,lasaraTeller

pleasesìl v. plaîto negai shim.bitte

policepolice,lakeisatsuPolizei

politepoliteinei nahoflich

porterporteur,lepotaTräger

possiblepossibledekimasumöglich

presentprèsentgenzaigegenwärtig

prettyjolikirei nahubsch

productsproduits,lessambutsuProdukte

profitprofit,leriekitGewinn

putmettreokimasulegen

quarterquartier,leyonbun no ichiViertel

quicklyvitehayakuschnell

rainpluie,laame ga furuRegen

readlireywomimasulesen

reallyvraimentgenniwirklich

redrougeakarot

relaxse relaxerasobimasuentspannen

rememberrappelleromoi dashimasuerinnern

restaurantrestaurant,leresutoranRestaurant

rightraison (avoir)tadashirichtig

roadrue,lamichi/toriStrasse

roomchambre,laheyaZimmer

salesventes, leshanbaiVerkäufe

SaturdaySamedi,leDo‑yobiSamstag

savesauversetsuyaka sh.sparen

saydireiimasu/hanash.sagen

seevoirmimasusehen

sellvendreurimasuverkaufen

SeptemberSeptembreKu‑gatsuSeptember

serveservirdashimasubedienen

serviceservicesabisuryoDienst

sevensept,leshichisieben

seventysoixante‑dixnana‑jusiebzig

sheellekanojosie

shortcourtmijikaikurz

shoulddevoirhazu/‑bekisollen

sickmaladebyoki dekrank

SirMonsieurSanMein Herr

sistersoeur,lashimaiSchwester

sits'asseoirkakemasusitzen

sit downêtre assiskakemasusich setzen

sixsixrokusechs

sixtysoixanteroku‑jusechzig

skyciel,lesoraHimmel

sleepdormirnemurimasuschlafen

smallpetitchiisaiklein

smokefumertabak nomimasurauchen

snacksnack,lekeishokuImbiss

somequelquessukoshietwas

somebodyquelqu'undare kajemand

somethingquelque‑chosenani kaetwas

sometimesquelque‑foistokidokimanchmal

sonfils,lemusukoSohn

sorrydommagesumimasenVerzeihung

souppotage,lesuppuSuppe

speakparlerhanashimasusprechen

spenddépensertsukaimasuausgeben

spooncuillère,lasaji/supunLöffel

stand upse levertatsemasuaufstehen

stationgare,laekiBanhhof

stayrestertazai shimasubleiben

stoolbanc,lebenStuhl

sugarsucre,lesatoZucker

summerété,lenatsuSommer

sunsoleil,letaiyoSonne

SundayDimanche,leNichi‑yobiSonntag

sweet(pud.) dessert,leo-kashiNachfisch

tabletable,lataberu/tsukueTisch

takeprendretorimasunehmen

talkparlerhanashimasusprechen

talkersbavards,lestalkersSchwatzer

taxitaxi,letakushiTaxi

teathe,lecha/o‑chaTee

téléphonetéléphone,ledenwaTelefon

tensetemps,letenseZeitform

tendixju/tozehn

terribleterriblemono sugoischrecklich

thank youmerciarigato/gozai.danke

thatla/cela/queano/are/sonojener/jene/jenes

thele/laano.honder/die/das

theirleurkarera noihr

themeuxkarerasie

themselveseux‑mêmesjibunsie selbst

therelàsoko/sochiradort/da

theyilskarerasie

thisce/cetkono/koredieser

thinminceusuidunn

thingchose,lamono/kotoDing

thirstyavoir soifnodo ga kawaitedurstig

thirtytrentesan‑judreisig

thousandmillesentausend

threetroissandrei

three‑qtr.trois‑quartsshi bun no sandrei‑viertel

ThursdayJeudiMoku‑yobaDonnerstag

ticketbillet,lekippuKarte

timeheure,laji/toki/doZeit.die

tippourboire,lechippuTinkgeld

tiredfatiguétsukarerumüde

toàe/ni/madenach

todayaujourd'huikyo/konnichiheute

tomorrowdemainasu/asamorgen

too muchtropamarimasuzu viel

traintrain,ledensha/kishaZug

travelvoyagerryoko shimasureisen

TuesdayMardiKya‑yobiDonnerst.

twelvedouzejunizwölf

twentyvingtni‑juzwanzig

twodeuxni/futatsuzwei

undersousno shita niunter

upen hautueoben

usnouswatashi‑tachiuns

vegetableslégumes,lesyasaiGemüse

waitattendrematsuwarten

waitergarcon,lekyujiKellner

walkmarcherarukimasuspazieren

wantvouloirga hoshii/‑taiwollen

waste(n)gaspillage,lekuzuAbfall

wenouswatashi‑tashiwir

weathertemps,letenkiWetter

WednesdayMercrediSui‑yobiMittwoch

weeksemaine,lashu/shukanWoche

wetpluvieuxnuretanass

what?quel/quoi?nani/na/dono?was?

what time?quelle heure?nan‑ji?wie spät.ist es?

when?quand?itsu?wann?

whereoù?doko/dochira?wo?

whiteblancshiroweiss

who?qui?dare/donata?wer?

wifefemme,lakanai/okuosanEhefrau

wingagnerni kachimasugewinnen

winevin,lebudoshuWein

winterhiver,lefuyuWinter

womanfemme,laonna/fujinFrau

worktravail,lehatakaruarbeiten

worsepiremotto waruischlechter

worst,thele pireichiban waruischlechteste

writeécrirekakimasuschreiben

wrongavoir tortmachigaifalsch

yearannée,latoshi/nenJahr

yesouihai/eja

yes butoui maishai demoja aber

yesterdayhierkinogestern

you (nom.)vousanata waSie

you (acc.)vousanata waSie

youngjeunewakaijung

yourvotreanata noIhr

yourselfvous‑mêmejibunSie selbst

yourselvesvous‑mêmesjibunSie selbst

zerozerozeronull

SPEED TEST (16 minutes)

Introductions - A

1. Watashi. Watashi wa, desu (I am).

Watashi wa, John desu.

Watashi wa, John ...

Watashi wa, John desu

... wa, John desu.

Watashi wa, John desu

Watashi wa, ... desu.

Watashi wa John desu

2. Anata. Anata wa, desu (you are).

Anata wa, Jane desu.

... wa, Jane desu.


Anata ..., Jane desu.


Anata wa, ... desu.


3. Watashi wa, John desu, to (and), anata wa, Jane desu.

Watashi wa, John desu, ..., anata wa, Jane desu.

Watashi w,a John desu, to, anata wa, Jane desu.

Watashi to (and) anata = watashi‑tachi (we)

Anata to watashi = ...

Anata to watashi = watashi‑tachi

... (I) wa, John desu, to, anata (you) wa, Jane desu.

Watashi wa, John desu, to, anata wa, Jane desu.

Watashi‑tachi (we) wa, John ... Jane, desu.

Watashi‑tachi wa, John to Jane, desu.

... (we) wa, John to Jane, desu.


4. Watashi wa, John desu.

Watashi wa, John desu, ka (question)?

Hai (yes), watashi wa, ... desu.

Hai, watashi wa, John desu.

..., watashi wa, John desu.

Hai, watashi wa, John desu.

5. Watashi wa, John desu.

Watashi wa, Jane desu, ka?

Iie (no), watashi wa, dewa ... arimasen (am not).

Iie, watashi wa, Jane dewa ariimasen.

..., watashi wa, Jane dewa arimasen.

Iie (no), watashi wa, Jane dewa arimasen.

Iie, watashi wa, Jane ... arimasen

Iie (no), watashi wa, Jane dewa arimasen.

6. Anata wa, Jane desu. Hai!!

Anata wa, Jane ..., ka?

Anata wa, Jane desu, ka?

... (yes), anata wa, Jane desu.

Hai, atana wa, Jane desu.

Hai, anata wa, Jane ...

Hai, anata wa, Jane desu.

7. Anata wa, Jane desu.

Anata wa, John desu, ka?

Iie. Anata wa, John dewa arimas‑...

Iie. Anata wa, John dewa arimasen.

Iie. Anata wa, John ja (ja=dewa) ... (is not)

Iie. Anata wa, John ja arimasen.

8. ... (I) wa, John desu, to, anata wa, Jane desu.

Watashi wa, John desu, to, anata wa, Jane desu.

Watashi‑tachi (we) wa, John to Jane, desu, ka?

Hai, watashi‑tachi wa, John ... Jane, desu.


9. Kare. Kare wa, desu (he is).

Kare wa, John desu.

Kare wa, John ...

Kare wa, John desu.

... wa, John desu.

Kare wa, John desu.

Kare wa, ... desu.

Kare wa, John desu.

10. Kanojo. Kanojo wa, desu (she is).

Kanojo wa, Jane desu.

... wa, Jane desu.


Kanojo wa, Jane ....


Kanojo ..., Jane desu.


11. Kare wa, John desu.

Kare wa, John desu, ka?

Hai, ... wa, John desu.

Hai, kare wa, John desu.

..., kare wa, John desu.

Hai, kare wa, John desu.

12. Kanojo wa, Jane desu.

Kanojo wa, Jane desu, ka?

Hai, ... wa, Jane desu.

Hai, kanojo wa, Jane desu.

..., kanojo wa, Jane desu.

Hai, kanojo wa, Jane desu.

13. Kare wa, John desu, to, kanojo wa, Jane desu.

Kare wa, Jane desu, ka?

Iie, kare wa, Jane ja ... (not).

Iie, kare wa, Jane ja arimasen.

... wa, John desu

Kare wa, John desu.

Kanojo wa, John desu, ka?

Iie, kanojo wa, John, ... (not) arimasen.

Iie, kanojo wa, John, dewa (ja) arimasen.

... (she) wa, Jane desu.


14. Kare wa, John desu, to, kanojo wa, Jane desu.

Karera (they) wa, John ... Jane desu.

Karera wa, John to Jane desu.

Kare to kanojo = Karera

Kanojo to kare = ...

Kanojo to kare = Karera

... (they) wa, John ... Jane, desu.

Karera (they) wa, John ... Jane, desu.

15. Kare wa, John desu, to, anata (you) wa, Jane desu.

Anata‑gata (you plural) wa, John ... Jane, desu.

Anata‑gata wa, John to Jane, desu.

kare to anata = anata‑gata

anata to kare = ...

anata to kare = anata‑gata

... wa, John to Jane, desu.

Anata‑gata wa, John to Jane, desu.

16. Sore wa (it is).

Sore wa, koko ni, arimasu (it is here).

... wa, koko ni, arimasu.

Sore wa, koko ni, arimasu.

Sore wa, koko ni, ...


Sore wa, ... ni, arimasu.


Sore wa, koko ni, arimasu ka?

Hai. Sore wa, koko ni, ...

Hai. Sore wa, koko ni, arimasu

17. Sore wa, koko ni (here), arimasen (not here).

Sore wa, soko ni (there), arimasu.

Sore wa, doko ni (where), arimasu, ka?

Iie, sore wa, koko ni, ja ... (not)!

Sore wa, soko ni, arimasu.

IIe, sore wa, koko ni, ja arimasen.


Sore wa, soko ni, arimasu, ka?

Hai, sore wa, ... ni, arimasu.

Hai, sore wa, soko ni, arimasu.

18. John to Jane wa, koko ni, ja imasen.

John to Jane wa, soko ni, imasu ka?

Iie, John to Jane wa, soko ni, ... imasen.

Iie, John to Jane wa, soko ni, ja imasen.

Iie, ... (they) wa, soko ni, ja imasen.

Iie, karera wa, soko ni, ja imasen.

19. John to Jane wa, koko ni, imasu ka?

Iie, karera wa, koko ni, ja ...

Iie, karera wa, koko ni, ja imasen.

Karera wa, soko ni, ...

Karera wa, soko ni, imasu.

Karera wa, ... ni, imasu.

Karera wa, soko ni, imasu.

20. Sore (it) wa, soko ni, arimasu, ka?

Iie, ... wa, soko (there) ni, arimasen.

Iie, sore wa, koko (here) ni, arimasen.

... (it) wa, soko ni, arimasu.


Sore wa, soko ni, arimasu ka?

Hai, sore wa, ... (there) ni, arimasu.

Hai, sore wa, soko ni, arimasu.

... (you) wa, koko ni, imasu.

Anata wa, koko ni, imasu.

Hai! Ii desu (that is good) !

Hai!! ... desu (that is good) !!

Hai!!! Ii desu!!!

Introductions - B

1. Konnichi‑wa (hello), John.

..., Jane.

Konnichi‑wa, Jane.

2. Konnichi‑wa. Anata wa, o genki desu, ka (how are you)?

Watachi wa, genki desu (I am well), domo arigato (thank you).

Konnichi‑wa, Jane. Anata wa, o ... desu, ka?

Konnichi‑wa, Jane. Anata wa, o genki desu, ka?

Watachi wa, genki desu, domo ...

Watachi wa, genki desu, domo arigato.

3. Konnichi‑wa, John.

..., Jane.

Konnichi‑wa, Jane.

Anata wa, o genki desu, ka?

Watachi wa, ... desu, domo arigato.


... (you) wa, o genki desu, ka?


Watachi wa, genki ..., domo arigato.


Anata wa, ... genki desu, ka?


... wa, genki desu, domo arigato.

Watachi, wa genki desu, domo arigato.

4. Ohayo goza‑imasu (good morning), Jane.

... ..., John.

Ohayo goza‑imasu, John.

Anata wa, o ... desu, ka?


Watachi wa, genki desu, ... arigato.


5. Komban‑wa (good evening), John.

... ..., Jane.

Komban‑wa, Jane

Anata wa, o genki ..., ka?


Watachi wa, ... desu, domo arigato.


6. John? John? Anata wa, ... genki desu, ka?

John? John? Anata wa, o genki desu, ka?

Genki ..., ka? (short form)

Genki desu ka?

Iie Jane. Iie, watashi wa, ..., dewa arimasen (not good).

Iie Jane. Iie, watashi wa, genki, dewa arimasen.

A? Genki ... arimasen (not good), ka?

Aa? Genki dewa arimasen, ka?

Iie, watashi wa, ..., dewa arimasen.

Iie, watashi wa, genki, dewa arimasen.

7. Jane wa, o genki desu, ka?

Anata wa, o genki ..., ka?


..., Jane wa, genki desu.

Hai, Jane wa, genki desu.

John, genki desu, ka? (short form)

Iie, John wa, genki dewa ... (not good).

Iie, John wa, genki dewa arimasen.

8. Konnichi‑wa, John to Jane.

... ‑gata wa, o genki desu, ka?

Konnichi‑wa, John to Jane.

Anata‑gata wa, o genki desu, ka?

Watashi‑tachi (we) wa, ... desu, domo arigato.

Watashi‑tachi wa, ... desu, domo arigato.

A? John wa, o genki desu, ka?

Hai! John wa, genki desu.

Hai! John wa, genki desu.

Soshite (and), Jane wa, o genki desu, ... (question)?

Soshite (and), Jane wa, o genki desu, ka?

Hai, ... (we) wa, genki desu.

Hai, watashi‑tachi wa, genki desu.

9. John wa, otoko no hito (man ‑ male person), desu.

John wa, ... no hito, desu ka?

Hai, John wa otoko no hito, desu.

Kare (he) wa, John ... (Mr) desu.

Kare wa, John San.

John wa, otoko no ..., desu, to, kare wa, John ... desu

John wa otoko no hito, desu, to, kare wa, John San desu.

10. Jane wa, otoko no hito, desu, ka?

Iie, Jane wa, otoko no hito, dewa arimasen (not).

... (she) wa, onna no hito (woman ‑ female person), desu.

Kanojo wa, onna no hito, desu.

Jane wa, ... ... ..., desu.

Jane wa, onna no hito, desu.

11. Jane‑San (Mrs.) wa, onna no hito, desu

Jane‑..., wa onna no hito, desu.

Jane‑San (Mrs.) wa, onna no hito desu.

Jane‑San wa, otoko no hito, dewa arimasen.

Jane‑... wa, onna no hito, desu.

Jane‑San wa, onna no hito, desu.

Jane‑San (Miss) wa, otoko no hito (man), dewa arimasen (is not).

Jane‑... wa, onna no hito (woman), desu.

Jane‑San wa, onna no hito, desu.

John‑San wa, ... no hito, desu.

John‑San wa, otoko no hito, desu.

12. John wa ... no hito, desu, to, kare wa, John‑... desu.

John wa, otoko no hito, desu, to, kare wa John‑San desu.

Jane wa, onna no hito, desu ka?

Hai, kanojo wa, ... no hito desu, to, kanojo wa, Jane‑... desu.

Hai, kanojo wa, onna no hito, desu, to kanojo wa, Jane‑San desu.

Jane‑San (Mrs.) wa onna no hito, desu.

Soshite (and), Jane‑... (Miss) wa, onna no hito, desu.

Soshite, Jane‑San (Miss) wa, onna no hito, desu.

Oyasumi nasai (goodnight) Jane ... John.

Oyasumi nasai, Jane to John.

13. Watashi wa, budoshu (wine), o motte imasu (have).

Watashi wa, budoshu, o motte imasu, ka?

Hai, watashi wa, ..., o motte imasu.

Hai, watashi wa, budoshu, o motte imasu.

Dozo (please), sukoshi (a little) ... (wine), o kudasai.

Dozo, sukoshi budusho, o, kudasai.

14. Anata wa, heya (room), o motte imasu.

Anata wa, heya, o motte imasu, ka?

Hai, anata wa, ..., o motte imasu.

Hai, anata wa, heya, o motte imasu.

15. Watashi‑wa, ... (a little) budoshu, o motte imasu.

Watashi‑wa, sukoshi budoshu‑o, motte imasu.

To anata‑wa ... (room), o motte imasu.

To anata‑wa heya, o motte imasu.

Watashi‑tachi wa, sukoshi budoshu, to heya, o motte imasu, ka?

Hai, watashi‑tachi wa, sukoshi budoshu, to heya, o ... imasu.

Hai, watashi‑tachi wa, sukoshi budoshu, to heya, o motte imasu.

16. Kare wa, sukoshi budoshu, to kanojo wa, heya. ... motte imasu.

Kare wa, sukoshi budoshu, to kanojo wa, heya, o motte imasu.

Karera wa (they), sukoshi budoshu, to ..., o motte imasu.

Karera wa, sukoshi budoshu, to heya, o motte imasu.

Karera wa, sukoshi budoshu, to heya, o motte imasu ka?

Hai, karera wa, sukoshi budoshu, to heya, o ... ....

Hai, karera wa, sukoshi budoshu, to heya, o motte imasu..

17. Kare wa, sukoshi ..., to anata wa (you), heya, o motte imasu.

Kare wa, sukoshi budoshu, to anata wa, heya, o motte imasu.

... (you plural) wa, sukoshi budoshu, to heya, o motte imasu.

Anata‑gata wa, sukoshi budoshu, to heya, o motte imasu.

Anata‑gata wa, sukoshi budoshu, to heya, o motte imasu, ka?

Hai, anata‑gata wa, sukoshi ..., to ..., o motte imasu.

Hai, anata‑gata wa, sukoshi budoshu, to heya, o motte imasu.

Kare wa, sukoshi budoshu, to ... wa, kare, o motte imasu.

Kare wa, sukoshi budoshu, to anata wa, kare, o motte imasu.

Oyasumi ... (goodnight).

oyasumi nasai

18. Budoshu wa, koko ni, arimasu.

Dozo, sukoshi budoshu‑o, kudasai (please take some wine).

Budoshu wa, koko ni, arimasu.

Dozo, sukoshi budoshu‑o ...

Dozo, sukoshi budoshu‑o, kudasai.

19. Budoshu wa, soko ni, arimasu.

Dozo, sukoshi budoshu‑o, ...


Budoshu wa, ... ni, arimasu.

Budoshu wa, soko ni, arimasu.

Dozo, ... budoshu‑o, kudasai.


Domo ... Sayonara (goodbye) !!!

Domo arigato. Sayonara!!!

20. Oyasumi nasai (good night), John ... Jane.

Oyasumi nasai, John to Jane.

Oyasumi ..., Jane.

Oyasumi nasai, Jane.

... nasai, John.

Oyasumi nasai, John.

... (goodbye), John to Jane.

Sayonara, John to Jane.

Ii desu ka? (is it good)

Hai, hai hai, ... desu!!!

Hai, hai hai, ii desu!!!

Say‑... (goodbye)

Sayonara

Social - A

1. John wa, koko ni, imasu.

Nan‑nin (how many people), koko ni, imasu ka?

Hitori (ichi) (1) (one person).

Jane wa, soko ni, imasu.

... (how many) ga hito, soko ni, imasu ka? Ichi!

Nan‑nin, soko ni, imasu ka? Hitori (ichi)!

2. John to Jane wa, koko ni, imaqsu.

Nan‑nin (how many people), koko ni, imasu ka? Futari (ni) (2)!!

John to Jane wa, ... ni imasu.

John to Jane wa, koko ni, imasu.

Nan‑nin, koko ni, ... ka?

Nan‑nin, koko ni, imasu ka?

Futari (ni)!! Nan‑nin? ...

Futari!! Nan‑nin? Futari (ni).

Ichi tasu (plus) ichi wa ... desu (1+1=2).

Ichi tasu (plus) ichi wa ni desu.

Ni tasu ... (zero) wa, ni desu.

Ni tasu zero wa, ni desu.

...? Ni.

Ikutsu? Ni.

3. Ichi tasu zero wa, ichi (desu ‑ omitted)

Zero tasu ichi wa, ...

Zero tasu ichi wa, ichi.

Ikutsu? Ichi.

Ichi tasu ichi wa, ...

Ichi tasu ichi wa, ni.

Ni tasu ... wa, ni.

Ni tasu zero wa, ni.

Ikutsu? ...

Ikutsu? Ni.

4. Ni tasu ichi (motto) wa san (3). Ikutsu? San.

... tasu ni wa, san (3).

Ichi tasu ni wa, san (3).

San ... zero wa, san.

San tasu zero wa, san.

Zero tasu ... wa, san.

Zero tasu san wa, san.

5. Ni tasu ni (motto) wa, yon (shi) (4).

Ikutsu? ...

Ikutsu? Yon (shi).

Ichi tasu san wa, ...

Ichi tasu san wa, shi.

Shi hiku (less) san wa, ichi.

Shi hiku ichi wa, ...

Shi hiku ichi wa, san.

San tasu ichi (...) wa, shi.

San tasu ichi (mooto) wa, shi.

Shi ... (tasu/hiku) ichi wa, san.

Shi hiku ichi wa, san.

6. Shi tasu ichi wa, go (5).

Shi tasu ... wa, shi.

Shi tasu zero wa, shi.

...? Shi.

Ikutsu? Shi.

San tasu ni wa, ... (5).

San tasu ni wa, go.

Go hiku ni wa, ...

Go hiku ni wa, san.

Zero, ..., ni, san, shi, ...

Zero, ichi, ni, san, shi, go.

7. Go tasu ichi wa, roku (6).

Roku hiku ichi wa, ...

Roku hihu ichi wa, go.

Roku ... (tasu/hiku) ni wa, shi.

Roku hiku ni wa, shi.

Roku tasu ichi (...) wa, shichi (7).

Roku tasu ichi (motto) wa, shichi.

Shichi hiku ... wa, shichi.

Shichi hiku zero wa, shichi.

Go tasu ni wa, ...

Go tasu ni wa, shichi.

8. Shichi tasu ichi wa, hachi (8).

Shichi tasu ichi, wa ikutsu? ...

Shichi tasu ichi, wa ikutsu? Hachi.

Hachi hiku ... wa, zero.

Hachi hiku hachi wa, zero.

Go tasu ni (motto) wa, ...

Go tasu ni (motto) wa, shichi.

Hachi hiku ni, wa ...? Roku.

Hachi hiku ni, wa ikutsu? Roku.

Ichi, ni, san, shi, ..., shichi, ...

Ichi, ni, san, shi, go, shichi, hachi.

9. Hachi tasu ichi wa, ku (or kyu) (9).

Roku hiku ichi wa, ...

Roku hiku ichi wa, go.

Go tasu shi wa, ...

Go tasu shi wa, ku.

Ku hiku ni, wa ikutsu? ...

Ku hiku ni, wa ikutsu? Shichi.

Ku tasu ... wa, ju (10).

~Ku tasu ichi wa, ju.

Ju hiku shi wa, ...

Ju hiku shi wa, roku.N

... hiku ichi wa, hachi.

Ku hiku ichi wa, hachi.

Hachi tasu ni wa, ...

Hachi tasu ni wa, ju.N

10. Ju hiku ni, wa ikutsu? ...

Ju hiku ni, wa ikutsu? Hachi.

San tasu roku (motto), wa ikutsu? ...

San tasu roku (motto), wa ikutsu? Ku.

San tasu roku tasu ichi wa ...

San tasu roku tasu ichi wa, ju.

Ju hiku ju wa, ...

Ju hiku ju wa, zero.

Zero, ichi, ni, ..., shi, ...

Zero, ichi, ni, san, shi, go.

Roku, ..., hachi, ..., ju.

Roku, shichi, hachi, ku, ju.

11. Konnichiwa John.

Anata wa, onaka ga suite (hungry) imasu ka?

Konnichiwa Jane.

Hai, watashi wa, onaka ga ... imasu.

Konnichiwa Jane.

Hai, watashi wa, onaka ga suite imasu.

Anata wa, tabemono (food), o motte imasu (have), ka?

Iie John, watashi wa, ..., o motte imasen (not have).

Iie John, watashi wa, tabemono, o motte imasen.

Anata wa, shiawase (happy), desu ka?

Iie Jane, watashi wa ... dewa arimasen (not happy).

Iie Jane, watashi wa shiawase, dewa arimasen.

Watashi wa, ... ga ... imasu (hungry).

Watashi wa, onaka ga suite imasu.

12. John, watashi wa, pan (bread), o motte imasu.

Pan wa, yoi tabemono, desu ka?

Hai, pan wa, yoi ..., desu ka?

Pan wa, yoi tabemono, desu ka?

Sore wa (it is) ... (good) tabemono, desu.

Sore wa, yoi tabemono, desu.

Anata wa, onaka ga suite imasu ka?

Hai, ... imasu (it is so)!!

Hai, so imasu!!

... (bread) wa, koko ni, arimasu.

Arigato.

Pan wa, koko ni, arimasu. Arigato.

13. Konnichiwa John.


Watashi wa, nodo ga kawaite (thirsty), imasu.

A? Nodo ga ...?

Nodo ga kawaite?

Hai, watashi wa, ... ga kawaite imasu.

Hai, watashi wa, nodo ga kawaite imasu.

Anata wa, budoshu, o ... (have) imasu, ka?

Anata wa, budoshu, o motte imasu, ka?

Iie, watashi wa, budoshu, o motte ...

Iie, watashi wa, budoshu, o motte arimasen.

14. Anata wa, okane (money), o motte imasu, ka?

Hai, watashi wa, sukoshi ..., o motte imasu.

Hai, watashi wa, sukoshi okane, o motte imasu.

Watashi wa,

JAPANSUMMARY - CRE Learning · Web viewKazoku no member wa dare desu ka? a. Kyodai to shimai desu....

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