Japanese Internment Japanese Internment CampsCamps

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The Bombing of Pearl The Bombing of Pearl HarborHarbor

Dec. 7, 1941 Pearl Harbor Dec. 7, 1941 Pearl Harbor was bombed by the Japanese.was bombed by the Japanese.

At that time there were At that time there were 119,000 people of Japanese 119,000 people of Japanese ancestry living in the U.S. ancestry living in the U.S.

2/3 were American Citizens.2/3 were American Citizens.

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FBI RaidsFBI RaidsWithin hours of the bombing of Within hours of the bombing of

Pearl Harbor, the FBI began Pearl Harbor, the FBI began raiding houses of 1raiding houses of 1stst generation generation Japanese immigrants. Japanese immigrants.

Within days restrictions were Within days restrictions were placed on Japanese and placed on Japanese and German immigrants. German immigrants.

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Executive Order 9066Executive Order 9066Due to the bombing paranoia Due to the bombing paranoia

and hysteria took over.and hysteria took over.Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Franklin D. Roosevelt signed

Executive Order 9066 which Executive Order 9066 which granted the government the granted the government the ability to “relocate people” ability to “relocate people” into designated areas.into designated areas.

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Executive Order 9066Executive Order 9066Those of Those of

Japanese Japanese ancestry ancestry living on the living on the West Coast West Coast were to be were to be relocated.relocated.

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Executive Order 9066Executive Order 9066

Internment Internment refers to the refers to the forced forced imprisonment imprisonment and relocation and relocation of a group of of a group of people.people.

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Uneven RelocationUneven RelocationWhile almost all people of While almost all people of

Japanese ancestry who lived Japanese ancestry who lived in California, Oregon, and in California, Oregon, and Washington were relocated Washington were relocated those living in Hawaii were those living in Hawaii were not. However, martial law not. However, martial law was placed in Hawaii.was placed in Hawaii.

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For Protection?For Protection?The U.S. government The U.S. government

attempted to “spin” the attempted to “spin” the relocation as a safety relocation as a safety precaution for Japanese precaution for Japanese Americans.Americans.

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Mass MovingMass MovingPeople were only allowed to People were only allowed to

bring what they could carry.bring what they could carry.Families had 48 hours to sell Families had 48 hours to sell

what they could not take. what they could not take. Each family was given a Each family was given a

number. number.

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Life in Internment Life in Internment CampsCamps

110,000 people were 110,000 people were moved into camps.moved into camps.

Families were rounded up Families were rounded up and taken to temporary and taken to temporary centers made where they centers made where they slept in horse stalls until it slept in horse stalls until it was time to move. was time to move.

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Life in Internment Life in Internment CampsCamps

Life in camps was much like Life in camps was much like prison. No one was allowed prison. No one was allowed to leave the camp, to leave the camp, prisoners had to wait in prisoners had to wait in long lines for everything long lines for everything and medical care was non-and medical care was non-existent.existent.

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Life in Internment Life in Internment CampsCamps

As camps evolved they As camps evolved they became small cities. became small cities.

Schools, hospitals, and social Schools, hospitals, and social clubs were established.clubs were established.

Workers were paid $8-$16 a Workers were paid $8-$16 a month for a 44 hour week.month for a 44 hour week.

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Life in Internment Life in Internment CampsCamps

To ensure U.S. loyalty all To ensure U.S. loyalty all people 17+ were forced to people 17+ were forced to sign statements of loyalty. sign statements of loyalty.

Questions ranged fromQuestions ranged from–Are you willing to serve in Are you willing to serve in the military the military

–Swearing allegiance to U.S.Swearing allegiance to U.S.1818

DraftDraftThe U.S. draft many of the The U.S. draft many of the

young Japanese Americans young Japanese Americans while many others while many others volunteered.volunteered.

Riots however often broke Riots however often broke out due to the unfair out due to the unfair nature of the situation. nature of the situation.

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The EndThe EndBetween 1942-1944 several Between 1942-1944 several

court cases went before the court cases went before the Supreme Court. Almost all were Supreme Court. Almost all were ruled in favor of the Japanese ruled in favor of the Japanese Americas.Americas.

In 1944 the U.S. began releasing In 1944 the U.S. began releasing people for fear of further court people for fear of further court cases. cases. 2020

The EndThe End By March 20, 1946 all the By March 20, 1946 all the

Internment camps were Internment camps were closed. closed.

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Post WWIIPost WWIIWhen people returned home When people returned home

they found not much left of they found not much left of the lives they once knew.the lives they once knew.

Many moved to the Midwest Many moved to the Midwest or East Coast to start over.or East Coast to start over.

Racial tensions were high. Racial tensions were high.

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Post WWIIPost WWIIAs Japanese Americans As Japanese Americans

attempted to make a new attempted to make a new life, they found housing and life, they found housing and employment discrimination. employment discrimination.

As Japanese Americans As Japanese Americans began to rebuild a Civil began to rebuild a Civil Rights movement emerged. Rights movement emerged.

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ReparationsReparationsIn 1983 President Reagan In 1983 President Reagan

signed a law giving each signed a law giving each survivor of the camps survivor of the camps $20,000.$20,000.

In 1990 President Bush Sr. In 1990 President Bush Sr. established new payments established new payments for remaining survivors. for remaining survivors.

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