Jane Ungemack, DrPH University of Connecticut Health Center Governor’s Prevention Initiative for...
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Transcript of Jane Ungemack, DrPH University of Connecticut Health Center Governor’s Prevention Initiative for...
Jane Ungemack, DrPHUniversity of Connecticut Health Center
Governor’s Prevention Initiative for Youth Evaluation Team
Needs Assessment Training Session
July 16, 1999
Overview of a Substance Abuse Prevention Needs Assessment
Presentation Overview
• Needs Assessment Overview
• Defining the Community
• Prevalence of Substance Use
• Target Populations
What is a Needs Assessment?
• Planning component
• What is the problem?– Level and type of substance use– Level of risk and protective factors
• What are the existing resources?
• Assess the gap between need and resources
Why Conduct a Needs Assessment?
• Sound planning leads to effective programming• Provides the rationale for selecting a strategy• Increases communication among key stakeholders• Improves coordination of services• Supports rational allocation of resources • Promotes evaluation of program effectiveness• Increase understanding of the substance problem
Who should be involved?
• Prevention providers• School personnel• Community leaders• Parents • Youth• Police chiefs and
officers• Religious leaders• Treatment providers
• Social service providers
• Health care providers• Business and labor
leaders• Community coalition
members• Media representatives• Concerned citizens
Steps in Conducting a Needs Assessment
1. Define the community
2. Assess the level of substance use
3. Identify population(s) at risk
4. Identify risk/protective factors
5. Identify community resources
6. Assess community readiness
Data Sources
• Survey data
• Public records/archival data
• Agency reports
• Key informants
• Observations
Define the Community
• Geographical – City or town– Neighborhood– Region– State
• Community of interest– Cultural– Special needs population
Describe the Community
• Demographic characteristics– population size– community type (urban/suburban/rural; ERG)– population breakdown by age, race or ethnicity– median income of families– other
Adolescent Substance Use
• Types of substances:– Alcohol– Tobacco– Marijuana – Inhalants– Other illicit drugs– Over-the-counter medications
Indicators of Substance Use
• Survey Prevalence Data – Lifetime, annual, and current use– Trends in use
• Social Indicator Data– Drug or alcohol-related arrests– Substance-related mortality – Substance-related morbidity– Substance abuse treatment admission rates
Recent substance use:A comparison of 1995 and 1997 rates
among 7th-8th grade students statewide
22.4 21.9
34.9
26
11.110.5
6.28.6
0
510
15
20
2530
35
4045
50
Per
cent
who
use
Cigarettes Alcohol Marijuana Inhalants
19951997
Recent substance use:A comparison of 1995 and 1997 rates
among 9th-12th grade students statewide
29.833.6
51 51
26.9 29.9
4.16.7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Per
cent
who
use
Cigarettes Alcohol Marijuana Inhalants
19951997
Recent Substance Use Among 7th-8th Grade Students in Three Communities
6.6
24.525.3 24.7
24.225.2
8.1
11.812.6
3.4
6.5 5.4
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Cigarettes Alcohol Marijuana Other IllicitDrugs
SuburbanUrbanRural
Social Indicators by Town
Social Indicator Suburban Urban Rural
Population 18,754 71, 868 14,557
Per capital income $82,501 $22,337 $19,228
Violent crimes/1000 .05 8.85 1.44
Teenage births/1000 .00 44.38 27.45
High school dropout rate 0.1 9.5 8.7
D.U.I. Arrests/1000 4.89 3.30 6.23
Drug-related Arrests/1000 1.26 14.13 1.82
Binge drinking* in prior two weeks:Connecticut Valley Survey of Student Needs, 1998
0
10
20
30
40
50
Per
cent
7th 9th 11th
Grade
* - Five or more drinks on a single occasion
Institute of Medicine Classification of Preventive Interventions
• Universal: General population
• Selective: Targeted high risk population
• Indicated: Targeted high risk individuals
Subgroup Differences in Substance Use
• Age
• Gender
• Racial/ethnic background
• Type of community
• Geographic location
High Risk Populations
• Children involved with Juvenile Justice System
• Dropouts/chronic truants
• Alternative school students
• Children of substance-abusing parents
• DCF-placed youth
• Youth who exhibit other problem behaviors
Lifetime use of cigarettes, alcohol, marijuana and inhalants by grade
0102030405060708090
5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th
Grade
Per
cent
AlcoholCigarettesMarijuanaInhalants
Percent of 9th-12th grade students statewide who report substance use during the past 30 days by gender
31.7
50.4
32.9
8.6
35.3
48.9
27.1
4.7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Per
cent
who
use
Male Female
Gender
CigarettesAlcoholMarijuanaOther Illicit Drug
Recent cigarette, alcohol, marijuana and other illicit drug* use by race/ethnicity
Grades 7-8
20.718.9
30.8
24.2 22.9
29.9
9.512.7 14
4.1 5.78
0
10
20
30
40
50
Per
cent
who
use
Cigarettes Alcohol Marijuana Other Illicit
White Black Hispanic
* Illicit drugs include cocaine, crack, hallucinogens, heroin, and PCP
Marijuana Use: 30-Day Prevalence Ratesby Community Type and Grade, 1995
0
10
20
30
40
50
7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th
Per
cent
of S
tude
nts
SuburbanUrban
Substance Abuse Treatment Need:School-Based and School with Youth At-Risk Adjustmentby Educational Reference Group, 9th - 12th Grade, 1995
7.27.7
5.1
6.6 6.4
8.6
5.7
8.7
3.6
10.1
0
5
10
15
Pe
rce
nt
Ne
ed
ing
Se
rvic
es
ERGs A-B ERGs C-E ERGs F-G ERG H ERG I
School-based (Unadjusted)Youth At-Risk Adjusted
High SES SuburbanCommunities
Low SES UrbanCommunities