IUWM for Silesia Metropolitan Area: towards holistic basin management in urban spaces.

Resilient Cities 2012 3rd Global Forum on Urban Resilience and Adaptation

Bonn, Germany

12 - 15 May 2012

Jan BondarukAnna Siwek-Skalny

Central Mining Institute Katowice

Poland

Introduction

Page 2

Polish cities, especially in Silesia Metropolitan Area, in the face of progressive social and economic transformation, concentrate on reconstruction of their function from industrial to wellbeing cities aware of their environmental constraints and challenges resulted from heritage of heavy industry age.

MOSAIC OF NATURE VALUE AREAS AND POSTINDUSTRIAL

HERITAGE

Introduction

Page 3

1. Structural and cohesion funds significantly supporting Polish cities in a long-term transition process towards more sustainable settlements.

2. Cities concentrate on investments in water and sewage water infrastructure.

3. Analysis of the last decade of investment boost in this field lead to following remarks:

„To spend funds” attitude – political pressure Superficial demographic trends analysis – demographic forecast Underestimated tarrifs – affordability analysis Insufficient consultancy – undefined risks Organisational changes and transformations – W&S system in

transition Disregard of legal and environmental law tendencies (i.e. sludge

management) – EU and national law coherence

SMA location

Page 4

Silesia Voivodeship: Inhabitants: 4,64 million Area: 12 334 km2

Silesia Metropolitan Area: Inhabitants: 2 million (and

300thou. in Katowice - region capital city)

Area: 1 218 km2

SMA potential

National obligations

Page 6

The National Programme for Municipal Waste Water Treatment (NPMWWT)

This document imposed on the Polish Government the obligation to construct, expand and/or modify municipal waste water treatment plants and combined sewerage networks in agglomerations by the 2015 time horizon.

The total implementation cost of the NPMWWT in 2005 - 2015 amounts to about 42.6 billion PLN. ~app. 10 bilion Euro

1577 agglomerations >2000 PE

1999 2003 2005 2007 2009 20100

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

2,000

WarsawCracowKatowiceSosnowiecGliwiceRybnikCieszyn

Le

ng

th o

f s

ew

era

ge

ne

two

rk, k

mChanges in lenght of sewerage network in selected cities in Poland, 1999-2010

Percentage increase in municipal sewage system in 2002 – 2010

Area covered by sewage system in 2010

Investment projects for water and sewage system: Żory, 2005 - 2008 Rybnik, 2008, 2010 Cieszyn, 2006 - 2009 Kłobuck, 2007 – 2008 Zawiercie, 2005 Będzin, 2004 - 2007 Katowice, 2005-2011 ……..

W&S Investment in Silesia Metropolitan Area

Sewage system in Katowice

Page 9

Complex investment programme (Masterplan) launched 2002 and finished 2009 was co-financed by

Cohesion Fund

ca. 45 mln Euro (Phase I)

Investment phase of WWTP Gigablok

Nowadays it is conducted Phase II of the Masterplan (additional 161 km of

sewage will be constructed and 2 WWTP’s will be modernised)

Till 2015 it is planned to invest

ca. 305 mln Euro

as a result 93% of inhabitants will be connected to sewage network

Operating phase40 000 m3 per day

PE = 200 000

Electricity is cogenerated from biogastogether with heat (yield - 300 m3/hr)

Complexity of projects

Page 10

Water and sewage management in Żory – filling the gaps in the system

Project aimed at: approximately 106 km of gravity sewage

system, approximately 11 km of discharge sewage

system, 21 pumping stations, 1 water pumping station, 45 km of storm water collectors, 17 separators, 8 potable water reservoirs, 60 km of water supply network, the water treatment plant expansion and

reconstruction of the sewage treatment plant.

App. 50 mln Euro investment cost

Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) is a process which promotes the coordinated development and management of water, land and related resources in order to maximise economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems and the environment (Global Water Partnership (…), 2000).

Integrated Water Resources Management

Objectives of IWRM at river basin level: Achievement of water security, Risk management, Effective and reliable delivery of water services, Coordinating and balancing the various water-using sectors as a part of

sustainable water management.

IWRM objectives at urban level – need to be redefined including specific

local conditions.

IUWM – Integrated Urban Water Management

Integrated Urban Water Management

Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM) takes a comprehensive approach to urban water services, viewing water supply, stormwater, groundwater and wastewater as components of an integrated physical system and recognizing that the physical system sits within an organizational framework and a broader natural landscape.

Understanding of urban

water cycle??

This integrated approach enable synergies to be identified and realized, providing opportunities for more sustainable, more cost-effective solutions to the challenges of managing the urban water cycle.

Barriers for implementation of the IUWM principles: Passing costs on the end user (false and unfavourable

interpretation of the "polluter-pays" principle), Lack of legal and economic mechanisms ensuring an

interregional (transboundary) cooperation, There are no uniform methodology for determining the urban

catchment (sewage system, morphology). Lack of system solutions for the analysis of changes in sewage

catchment resulted from urbanization and imperviousness of the

area.

General barriers…

The river basin do not respect administrative boundaries

Sustainable rainwater management

Page 14

TRADITIONAL APPROACH Drainage systems Troubleshooting

Dominant role of engineers Protection of

property

Pipes and ducts Administrative decisions

Ownership of Local Government Focusing on extreme

phenomena Action on “the peak flow!"

INTEGRATED APPROACH Ecosystems

Prevention (Preventing impacts) Multidisciplinary teams

Protection of property and the environment

The imitation of natural processes Decisions based on consensus

Broad partnership Rainwater management, integrated

land use Action on „the catchment capacity"!

Business „as usual”

Page 15

The

amou

nt o

f sup

plie

d w

ater

/ di

scha

rged

sew

age

(dam

3/ye

ar) i

n Si

lesi

a

supplied water discharged sewage

Year

Local flooding, higher operational costs, signifficant impact on aquatic ecosystems (degradation and accumulation)

Population in selected citiesof Silesia Metropolitan Area (SMA), 2000-2010

Treated wastewater during the year in selected cities of SMA, 2002-2010

2002 2004 2006 2008 20100

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

BytomGliwiceZabrzeChorzówKatowiceSosnowiecTychyUSM average

Tre

ate

d w

as

tew

ate

r d

uri

ng

th

e y

ea

r, d

am

3

Net unit price for water supplied and sewage disposal in selected cities in Poland, 2011

Warsaw

Poznań

Szczecin

Cracow

Gdańsk

Katowice

Sosnowiec

Gliwice

Rybnik

Cieszyn

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

4.00

3.34

3.38

2.93

3.64

4.00

4.23

3.79

4.66

4.24

5.23

4.54

4.92

4.00

5.31

5.66

4.70

5.97

7.55

5.82

watersewage

Net unit price, PLN/1m3

In some cities the tariff for

sewage services doubled

during last decade

One decade of IUWM - key findings

Risk and comparative analysis of available technical and financial options (forget about „proven” solutions not adjusted to your local conditions),

Complex analysis of investment and long–term operational costs including environmental fees to avoid „unpayable” tariffs for water and sewage services,

Demographic trends and migration scenarios are important factor of water and sewage networks effectiveness,

Combined sewage systems should be transferred into separate sewage and storm water systems.

Public participation in the WFD implementation process of is required at each stage of the planning circuit.

Aware, well educated and involved local societies are needed to enhance successful implementation of IUWM.

One decade of IUWM - key findings

WWTPs as a centres of education??

Why not, it really works

Heat and electricity production from biogas as a by-product of wastewater sludge digestion

Implementation of water network hydraulic model divided into supply clusters (SCADA) = more effective management and significant water losses decrease)

Specific pollutants load menagement – effective collaboration between industry park and sewage water treatment plant

WWTP technology circuits (for agglomertaion above 100 thou of PE) are modernised for increased biogen (N, P) removal

IUWM - good examples

To implement holistic „principles” – project REURIS

The overarching aim of REURIS project is to implement strategies and activities at reconstruction of natural and cultural resources and management of urban river spaces.

Page 22

Goals of the project: implementation of strategies and activities aimed at

revitalisation and management of urban river spaces, testing strategies and tools in practice and

assessment of effectiveness, consensus among all interested parties (e.g. local

tenants, planners, administrators of water resources), integration of spatial, socio-economic and engineering

issues in the process of preparation, realisation and management of the implemented activity,

creation of common set of methods & procedures allowing for coordinated work of multidisciplinary teams as well as effective stakeholder involvement.

REURIS connects experiences of 8 partners from 6 cities – Plzeň and Brno (Czech Republic), Stuttgart and Leipzig (Germany), Bydgoszcz and Katowice (Poland).

Small stretch of Ślepiotka Stream

www.reuris.gig.eu

Challenges

Water management integrated with land use planning and local development including catchment dimension => better understanding of interrelations between spatial planning, pollutant discharge and quality of water bodies (surface and groundwater) in reference to specific local conditions

Scenario and credible data base analysis (quantitative and qualitative) => BALANCING SYSTEM OF POLLUTION LOADS IN CATCHMENT SCALE

Networking collaboration between researchers, decision-makers, ecologists and engineers as well as harmonisation of interest groups to mitigate an intense pressure of urban areas on aquatic environment.

Practical implementation of decision support tools and cyclical analysis as a part of resource and service management,

Organizational and system solutions (including cross-sector and transboundary cooperation),

Identified and visualized risks with reference to WFD principles.

EWS system benefits

Sustainable Water

Abstraction

Equitable Water Governance

Good Water Status

High Conservation Value Areas

Transparency and participatory decision making

in management of the resources

Guidelines to identify & mitigate water risks with reference to

WFD principles

Urban areas benchmarking tool - evaluation of the links between water ecosystems, other ecosystems and natural capital

Thank you for attention!

Jan BondarukHead of Department of Water ProtectionCentral Mining Institute

phone: +48 32 259 24 66fax: +48 32 259 21 54mobile: +48 512 293 850e-mail: jbondaruk@gig.eu