Ischemic Pre-Conditioning and Athletic Performance
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Hirofumi Tanaka, Ph.D. Cardiovascular Aging Research Laboratory Department of Kinesiology & Health Education The University of Texas at Austin Ischemic Pre- Conditioning and Athletic Performance
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Ischemic Pre-Conditioning and Athletic Performance. Hirofumi Tanaka, Ph.D. Cardiovascular Aging Research Laboratory Department of Kinesiology & Health Education The University of Texas at Austin. Athletes and Competitive Advantage. Ergogenic Aids. Oxygen Inhalation. Compression Sleeves. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Ischemic Pre-Conditioning and Athletic Performance
Hirofumi Tanaka, Ph.D.
Cardiovascular Aging Research LaboratoryDepartment of Kinesiology & Health EducationThe University of Texas at Austin
Ischemic Pre-Conditioning and Athletic Performance
Athletes and Competitive Advantage
Ergogenic Aids
Compression Sleeves
Eye BlackNasal Strip
Oxygen Inhalation
Ischemic Preconditioning
• ↑ Endothelial function
• ↑ Resistance to hypoxic injury
• ↑ Ischemic tolerance
↑
Olympic Marathon
Gold 2:06:32Silver 2:07:16Bronze 2:10:00
0.5%2.7%
270 yard0.7 mile
Usain Bolt in Beijing Olympics
Gold 9.69 Silver 9.89 Bronze 9.91
2.0%2.3%
Treatment Effects and Measurement Variabilities
Different Perspective
Ischemic Preconditioning and VO2max
De Groot et al. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2010
Young healthy well-trained subjects
Ischemic Preconditioning and VO2max
De Groot et al. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2010
56.8±6.8 58.4±6.2
↑3%
Ischemic Preconditioning and Endurance
Crisafulli et al. J Appl Physiol. 2011
Young healthy trained men
RIP:Ischemic preconditioning at rest
EIP:Ischemic preconditioning after 5-min exercise (larger metabolic load)
Ischemic Preconditioning and VO2max
Crisafulli et al. J Appl Physiol. 2011
Ischemic Preconditioning and 5 km Running Trial
Bailey et al. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2012
22.6±2.4 min 22.0±1.9 min
⬆2.5%
Young healthy trained men
4 x 5-min 220 mmHg bilateral leg occlusion
Ischemic Preconditioning and VO2max
Bailey et al. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2012
Control IPC30
35
40
45
50
55
VO2m
ax (m
l/kg/
min
)
Ischemic Preconditioning and 100m Swimming Performance
Jean-St-Michel et al. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011
66.98±21.28 66.28±21.08
⬆0.7 sec or 1%
Canadian national-level swimmers (13-27 years)
IPC, 40-45 min warm-up, time trial
Michael Phelps vs. Milorad Cavic in 100m Butterfly
Gold 50.58Silver 50.59
8th 51.12
0.02%
2.5%
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Michael Phelps-18 Olympic Gold Medals-
Wingate Anaerobic Power Test
• Peak power output
• Average power output (anaerobic capacity)
• Fatigue Index = (Peak - End) Peak
Wingate Anaerobic Power Test
Remote IPC
0 10 20 30 40 55
Wingate Tests
65
Rest
Time (min)
57.5 60 62.5
1 2 3 4
Experimental Protocol
Wingate Anaerobic Power Test
*
Peak Power Output
†
Average Power Output
Fatigue Index
• Ischemic preconditioning appears to be an effective ergogenic aid to enhance both anaerobic and aerobic athletic performance.
•The effects of ischemic preconditioning on maximal aerobic fitness remain controversial.
•The application of ischemic preconditioning to athletes is a promising area that requires more investigations.
Conclusions
Ischemic Preconditioning and 5km Running Trial
Bailey et al. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2012
Infarct size is expressed as a % of area at risk.
The black bar - mice perfused with dialysate from control subjects (n = 4).
The white bar - mice perfused with dialysate from elite swimmers (n = 9).
Jean-St-Michel et al. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011
RIPC on Infarction Size in Mouse Hearts
Pasdois et al. J Am Heart Assoc. 2012
Ischemic Preconditioning on Phosphagens
