INTEGRATED “BUS TERMINAL-CUM-

COMMERCIAL COMPLEX” AT MOHALI THESIS REPORT 2010 – 11‟…

ISSUE - USE OF MATERIAL IN TRUE EXPRESSION

(STEEL)

THESIS BY – GAURAV KUMAR,

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, GBTU, LUCKNOW

CERTIFICATE

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, GBTU

tagore marg, lucknow-226007

This is to certify that this thesis entitled INTEGRATED” BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX AT MOHALI ”is the

bonfire work of Gaurav kumar & submitted by him in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the

Bachelor’s Degree in Architecture.

RECOMMENDED ACCEPTED

(Thesis Advisor) (Principal)

Thesis Examined

(External Examiners)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my faculty members, for his concern, support and guidance throughout my thesis.

He sorted out all my problems and queries and gave valuable suggestions to benefit my project.

I would like to take this opportunity to thank Proff. Mukul Singh, thesis coordinator and for approving my thesis and fulfilling the

official formalities for the same.

I would also like to thank my jury members for their valuable criticism during the internal juries, which helped a lot in the completion

of this thesis.

DEDICATED TO “MY IDEAL FATHER”

AND

“ GOOGLE ”

FOR THEIR ENCOURAGEMENT AND MORAL SUPPORT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ………… 1 - 2

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

METHODOLOGY

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

ISSUE ………… 3 - 6

USE OF MATERIAL IN TRUE EXPRESSION i.e. (STEEL)

CLIENT BRIEF, SITE STUDY & ANALYSIS ………… 7 - 13

LOCATION ANALYSIS

SURROUNDINGS & APPROACH

VEGETATION, SERVICES, TOPOGRAPHY & CLIMATE, ETC

CASE STUDY ………… 14 - 34

ISBT KASHMERE GATE, DELHI

ISBT SEC17, CHANDIGARH

ANSAL PLAZA, DELHI

LIT STUDY ………… 35 - 38

SUPER BUS TERMINAL, JALANDHAR

INFERENCES ………… 39

STANDARDS ………… 40 - 41

TURNING CIRCUIT

BUS BAY AREA

BUS & CAR PARKING

HIRED MODE PARKING

AREA ANALYSIS ………… 42 - 44

REQUIREMENTS ………… 45

AREA CALCULATION ………… 46 - 47

TRAFFIC FLOW ANALYSIS ………… 48

FLOW CHART

EVOLUTION OF IDEA, CONCEPT & SKETCHES ………… 49 - 55

CONCEPT

ZONING

SKETCHES

WORKING MODELS

DRAWING & DETAILS ………… 56 - 58

LAYOUT PLAN

FLOOR PLANS

ELEVATIONS

SECTIONS

3 – D VIEWS

& DETAILS…………………………………..

ELECTIVES …………

FIRE FIGHTING

WORKING DRAWING

BIBLIOGRAPHY …………

Multiuse space concept

Aim

Objective

Methodology

Scope

Limitation

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION……….

TRANSPORTATION IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AID OF COMMUNICATION FROM ONE PLACE TO OTHER

FOR VISITING PURPOSE OR IN THE SENSE OF TOURISM. A NUMBER OF FACTORS LIKE THE CONVENIENCE FROM ONE PLACE TO THE

OTHER, PROMOTION OF TOURISM, FOR COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PLACES ETC. HAVE PREDICTED THE IMPORTANCE OF PLANNING

SUCH AS ROADWAYS INDUSTRIES IN THE ASSENSE OF BUS TERMINALS.

TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IMPROVES THE SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL PROGRESS AND FURTHER

TRANSFORMS THE SOCIETY INTO AN ORGANIZED ONE. IT IS ONE OF THE ESSENTIAL SERVICES, VITAL FORCE FOR DETERMINING THE

DIRECTION OF DEVELOPMENT. TO ACHIEVE THE DESIRED TRANSPORTATION BALANCE AND FOR THE SYSTEM TO BE EFFICIENT, IT IS

ESSENTIAL TO PROVIDE ORGANIZED FACILITIES IN THE SYSTEM.

AS TRANSPORTATION IS CONCERNED WITH THE MOVEMENT BETWEEN ORIGIN AND DESTINATION INVOLVES THE MOVEMENT OF

PEOPLE AND GOODS, THERE IS NEED FOR AN ACCESS POINT IN THE SYSTEM FOR USE.

“MULTIUSE SPACE CONCEPT”

EFFICIENT USE OF SPACE FOR ENTERTAINMENT, SHOPPING & RELATED ACTIVITY, CONCEPT OF PLANNING OF DIFFERENT ACTIVITY

EVOLUTION OF COMMERCIAL COMPLEX i.e. ANCIENT AGORA & MEDIEVAL PLAZA OF EUROPEAN CITIES

INDIAN CONTEXT – INDIAN BAZZARS

DAILY SHOPPING AT TERMINAL ITSELF RATHER THAN GOING TO MARKET PLACES AND THUS SAVE TIME.

AIM -

TO ACHIEVE DESIGN EXCELLENCE AND TO COME UP WITH A PROTOTYPE DESIGN FOR A BUS TERMINAL FOR FUTURE AND URBAN

SCENARIO WHERE SPACE WILL BECOME PRECIOUS COMMODITY & HIGH BUS TRIP WILL HAVE TO SUPPORT FROM SMALL SITE.FURTHER

TO SAVE SPACE COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES WILL BE INCORPORATE WITH BUS TERMINAL AND GIVE TO MOHALI A MISSING LANDMARK

BUILDING.

OBJECTIVE –

PROVIDE AN ARCHITECTURE SOLUTION FOR INTEGRATING THE TERMINAL WITH COMMERCIAL COMPLEX.

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ARCHITECTURE CONSIDERATION TRANSPORTATION REGULATION ECONOMIC STANDARD

TO PROVIDE FAST & UNDERSTANDING FLOW OF TRAFFIC.

TO PROVIDE CLEAR SEGREGATION OF DIFFERENT TYPE OF TRAFFIC, NO CONGESTION AT PEAK HOUR.

TO PROVIDE OPTIMUM CONNECTIONS BETWEEN ALL ELEMENTS AND SPACES, I.E. CLEAR CONNECTION OF FUNCTIONS.

TO INCORPORATE TODAY’S COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM ETC. IN TO DESIGN

METHODOLOGY

UNDERSTANDING BASIC NEED OF DESIGN, ITS SCOPE & LIMITATION

NECESSARY DATA COLLECTED &ANALYSIS

SITE ANALYSIS CASE STUDY LIT STUDY

STUDY OF SPATIAL

REQUIREMENT

STDUY OF SPATIAL

INTERRELATIONSHIP

STUDY OF SPATIAL

ORGANIZATION

STUDY FLOW CIRCULATION

OF PEOPLE & SERVICE

COMARATIVE ANLYSIS

FRAMING REQUIREMENT

EVOLUTION OF DESIGN CONCEPT

BUILDING OF CONCEPT & DESIGN

FINAL DESIGN SOLUTION

SCOPE & LIMITATION

FRAMING REQUIREMENT FOR A MAX NOS. OF PASSENGER PER DAY IN BOTH DIRECTIONS

STUDYING THE VARIOUS TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT IN THE FIELD OF SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM, COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, FIRE

FIGHTING SYSTEM, ETC.

2

Use of material in true expression

(Steel)

Lit study - Pompidou center

ISSUE OR THRUST AREA

ISSUE OR THRUST AREA USE OF MATERIAL IN TRUE EXPRESSION (STEEL)

• FROM FURNITURE TO RAILWAYS, CONSTRUCTION TO FARMING, ARCHITECTURE

TO AUTOMOBILES, SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS TO RAZOR BLADES,

• COINS TO AEROSPACE... STEEL IS EVERYWHERE.

• WHEN STAINLESS STEEL WAS ACCIDENTALLY DISCOVERED BY AN ENGLISH METALLURGIST, HARRY REARLEY, IN AUGUST 1913,

NO ONE COULD HAVE THOUGHT THAT IT WOULD SO QUICKLY BECOME THE MATERIAL OF THE MODERN PROGRESSIVE WORLD IN SUCH A

SHORT TIME. BUT IT DID.

• TO ADD A HIGH PROPORTION OF CHROMIUM - KNOWN TO HAVE A HIGH MELTING POINT- TO SEE IF IT WOULD INCREASE THE

RESISTANCE TO SUCH HIGH TEMPERATURE EROSION.

• STAINLESS STEEL IS AN IRON ALLOY WHICH CONTAINS A MINIMUM OF 11 PER CENT CHROMIUM BESIDES SOME OTHER

ADDITIVES LIKE NICKEL, MOLYBDENUM, TITANIUM, ALUMINIUM AND COPPER.

• STAINLESS STEEL IS ATTRACTIVE BECAUSE OF ITS RESISTANCE TO EROSION AND CORROSION; IT IS LIGHTWEIGHT WITHOUT

COMPROMISING STRENGTH. MOREOVER, IT IS HEAT RESISTANT, DURABLE, IMPACT RESISTANT, LOW MAINTENANCE, FLEXIBLE, HAS A

LOW LIFE-CYCLE COST AND AN AESTHETIC APPEARANCE.

3

• THE USES OF STEEL ARE DIVERSE AND PLENTY

• THIS METAL'S

AMAZING QUALITY OF BEING CORROSION RESISTANT IS DUE TO THE ADDITION OF CHROMIUM, WHICH FORMS A NATURAL OXIDE

FILM ON ITS SURFACE. THIS PASSIVE FILM IS THINNER THAN A STRAND OF HAIR.

• THIS THIN ADHERING FILM IS IMPERVIOUS TO AIR AND WATER AND ACTS AS A PROTECTIVE LAYER WHICH IMMEDIATELY

REPAIRS ITSELF IF THE SURFACE IS DAMAGED, THUS PREVENTING CORROSION. THIS PHENOMENON IS CALLED 'PASSIVATION'.

• WHILE WE TAKE THE ROLE OF STAINLESS STEEL IN OUR DAILY LIVES FOR GRANTED, A HEARTENING FACT IS THAT THIS IS A 100 PER

CENT RECYCLABLE MATERIAL. THE MAIN SOURCE OF RAW MATERIAL FOR STAINLESS STEEL IS RECYCLED METAL. OVER 50 PER CENT OF

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NEW STAINLESS STEEL IS PRODUCED FROM RECYCLED SCRAP. THIS MEANS THAT THE NEW STAINLESS STEEL PRODUCT YOU BUY HAS

BEEN PART OF A USEFUL PRODUCT IN THE SAME METAL IN AN EARLIER LIFE.THOUGH IT IS RECYCLED AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE,

• STAINLESS STEEL HAS FOUR BROAD CATEGORIES: MARTENSITIC, FERRITIC, AUSTENITIC AND DUPLEX.

• AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL IS THE MOST WIDELY USED VARIETY BECAUSE OF ITS GOOD HIGH AND LOW TEMPERATURE

• PROPERTIES AND BECAUSE IT IS NON MAGNETIC.

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6

Client brief,

Location analysis

Surroundings

Approach

Site description Vegetation, services, topography & climate ETC

CLIENT BRIEF & SITE ANALYSIS

CLENT BRIEF

PUNJAB INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT

BOARD, (PIDB)

HAS PROPOSED TO DEVELOP MODERN FULLY

AIR-CONDITIONED BUS TERMINALS ACROSS

MOHALI.

FACILITIES SUCH AS SHOPPING MALLS, OFFICE

COMPLEX, FOOD COURTS, ETC.

FURTHERMORE, HAS PROPOSED TO REVAMP.

GREATER MOHALI AREA DEVELOPMENT

AUTHORITY &

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORT, GOP AND

THE PRIVATE SECTOR PLAYER (PSP)

INTRODUCTION TO REGION

CHANDIGARH, THE CAPITAL OF HARYANA AND

PUNJAB, IS CONSIDERED AS ONE OF THE MOST

WELL PLANNED CITIES IN INDIA. THE CITY WAS

CONCEIVED BY THE FAMOUS FRENCH

ARCHITECT, LE CORBUSIER IN 1953, OWING TO

ITS DEVELOPED SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND

HIGHER QUALITY OF LIFE LEADING THE REAL

ESTATE GROWTH TOWARDS THE ADJOINING

REGIONS (SUCH AS MOHALI, PANCHKULA, ETC.)

WITH AMPLE AVAILABILITY OF LAND.

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18TH DISTRICT OF PUNJAB 13.04.06. EXTENSION OF ‘CITY BEAUTIFUL – CHANDIGARH’

MOHALI, ALSO KNOWN AS SAS NAGAR (SAHIBZADA AJIT SINGH NAGAR), IS AN EXTENDED

CONURBATION OF CHANDIGARH, TOWARDS ITS SOUTH-

WEST, IN PUNJAB & KNOWN AS AN ORGANIC EXTENSION

TO CHANDIGARH SHARES SIMILAR DEMOGRAPHICS AS THE

UNION TERRITORY DURING INCEPTION, CHANDIGARH CITY

WAS PLANNED TO HOUSE A POPULATION OF APPROX.

150,000 ACROSS 30 LOW DENSITY SECTORS. HOWEVER,

WITH ITS GROWING PROMINENCE, ITS POPULATION

EXPONENTIALLY INCREASED AND THUS THE CITY EXPANDED

BY ADDITIONAL 17 SECTORS CAPABLE OF HOUSING AN ADDITIONAL 350,000 PEOPLE.

AS OF DATE, CHANDIGARH ALSO SHARES PARTS OF SECTORS 48 TO 56, 61 AND 63 WITH MOHALI.

COMMERCIAL OFFICE SEGMENT ACTIVITY IN THE CITY HAS BEEN LIMITED TO OFFICES OF INSURANCE

COMPANIES, BANKS, REGIONAL OFFICES, SALES DISTRIBUTION CENTERS, REAL ESTATE DEVELOPERS, ETC.

THE OFFICE ACTIVITY PRIMARILY HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED IN THE SECTOR MARKETS WHICH ARE NON INVESTMENT

GRADE IN NATURE, AND OFFER SCO ………………….

(SHOP CUM OFFICE) FORMAT OF DEVELOPMENT MIX WITH TRANSPORT…………………..….NEED FOR NEW BUS

TERMINAL & COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, PRESENT BUS TERMINAL 62 SECTOR. EXTRA PRESSURE ON ISBT 43,

DESIGN-BUILD-OPERATE-TRANSFERS (DBOT)

PROPOSED BUS TERMINAL WOULD MAINLY BE A TRANSIT BUS TERMINAL FOR NORTHERN PUNJAB, HIMACHAL

AND J&K BUSES POTENTIAL BUS TRIPS / DAY ~1938

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LOCATION ANALYSIS/SPATIAL SPREAD

THE SUBJECT SITE IS STRATEGICALLY LOCATED AT VERKA CHOWK, AT THE BEGINNING OF THE CHANDIGARH -KHARAR ROAD (NH 21)

WITH SUPERIOR ACCESS FROM CHANDIGARH AND MOHALI. THE SITE IS SURROUNDED BY THE INDUSTRIAL AREA OF MOHALI, WHICH

HOUSES PROMINENT BUSINESS ESTABLISHMENTS SUCH AS RANBAXY, DELL, VERKA, ETC. CHANDIGARH - KHARAR ROAD ALSO

PROVIDES

DIRECT ACCESS BETWEEN CHANDIGARH AND OTHER IMPORTANT CITIES IN THE NEIGHBOURING STATES OF PUNJAB, HARYANA AND

HIMACHAL PRADESH. THIS HAS RESULTED IN HIGH INTER-STATE TRAFFIC ALONG THE NATIONAL HIGHWAY - 21, RESULTING IN IDEAL

POSITIONING FOR A TRANSIT BUS TERMINAL ALONG WITH A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX AT THE SUBJECT SITE.

SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTH WEAKNESS

FRONTAGE ON ALL THREE SIDES PROVIDES

THE SUBJECT SITE WITH MULTIPLE ACCESS

PROXIMITY TO CHANDIGARH AND

ESTABLISHED RESIDENTIAL CATCHMENTS

OF MOHALI EXPECTED TO ENHANCE

SUBJECT SITE IMAGE

SUBJECT SITE IS LOCATED WITHIN

THE PRECINCTS OF THE MOHALI

INDUSTRIAL AREA WHICH MAY

NEGATIVELY AFFECT

OPPORTUNITY THREATS

SUBJECT SITE LIES ON AN EMERGING

GROWTH VECTOR.

DIRECT CONNECTIVITY TO MOHALI

AIRPORT PROPOSED FOR UP GRADATION,

FROM A 4-LANE TO A 6-LANE WIDE ROAD

UPCOMING SUPPLY IN ALL

REALSTTE COMPONENTS IN

TOWNSHIP ALONG THE

CHANDIGARH – KHARAR ROAD

WIIL ACT AS POSSIBLE FUTURE

COMPETION TO SUBJECT

DEVELOPMENT

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SITE DESCRIPTION

SITE ANALYSIS

SITE ANALYSIS

REGIONAL /URBAN CONTEXT LOCATION

REGIONAL LINKAGE I.E. ROAD CONNECTION TOPOGRAPHICAL DATA

CITY LEVEL FACILITIES & AMENITIES CLIMATOLOGICALLY DATA

LAND USE, DEVELOPMENT CONTROLS AND BYLAWS SITE SURROUNDING

ANALYSIS OF DATA COLLECTED

SITE DETAILS

SITE AREA – 7.02 ACRES (28439.4711 SQ. M)

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PERMITTED GROUND COVERAGE 40 % = 11375.78 SQ.M & FAR = 1:3,

PARKING NOT INCLUDED IN FAR

TOTAL BUILT UP AREA = 3 X 28439.47 SQ.M =85318.41 SQ.M

HEIGHT MAX 145MTS,

SITE LIES IN THE 8TH RING FROM THE AIRPORT

&SUBJECT TO APPROVAL FROM AIRPORT

AUTHORITY.

PARKING FOR COMMERCIAL 3 ECS PER 100 SQ

MTRS COVERED AREA ON THE FLOORS

2ECS PER100 SQ.MTS FOR SHOPPING

1.5 ECS PER 100 SQ.MTS OF OFFICE

TOPOGRAPHY – SLOPE OF THE SITE AND WATER

DRAIN TOWARDS THE ROAD AND MORE FLAT

LAND.

VEGETATION – FEW OF TREES AT PERIPHERY –

CAN BE CUT PERMISSION FROM AUTHORITY (GMADA, PIDB)

GEOLOGY - SOIL TEST CONDUCTED BY GMADA. SOIL IS FIT FOR THIS TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION WORK.

SERVICES - WATER SUPPLY, ELECTRICITY – CABLE, TELEPHONE LINE RUNNING ALONG THE SITE

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SHALL BE PROVIDED FOR BASEMENT PARKING

INFERENCE

PRIME LOCATION CREATE INTEREST FROM ALL SIDES

THREE SIDES INTERNAL TRAFFIC SHOULD CAUSES MAX DISTURBANCE

TRIANGULAR SITE LIMIT THE DESIGN

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ENVIORNMENTOAL ASPECT SHOULD KEEP IN MIND WHILE DESIGNING I.E. TO REDUCE NOISE & AIR POLLUTION.

CLIMATE DATA

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ISBT, sec-17, Chandigarh

ISBT kashmere gate, delhi

Super bus terminal, Jalandhar

Ansal plaza, khel gaon marg, delhi

CASE & LIT STUDY

ISBT, SECTOR 17, CHANDIGARH 1950…………………..1956 – 57

THE BUS TERMINAL WAS DEVELOPED TO SERVE AS THE PRIMARY TRANSPORT NODE FOR CHANDIGARH CITY,

SECOND ISBT SEC 43 TO MEET THE GROWING DEMAND 1500 FLEET OF BUSES COMING FROM OUT STATION

IT IS LOCATED WITHIN 2-3 MILES FROM THE RAILWAY STATION.

SITE IS AT THE CROSSING OF V3 ROADS. ALONG THERE ARE FOUR SECTORS, THESE ARE 19, 18, 16 & 22.

SITE HAS BEEN APPROACHED BY TWO MAJOR, HIGHWAYS NH-21 TO RUPNAGAR AND NH-22 TO SHIMLA.

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OPERATOR CHANDIGARH TRANSPORT UNDERTAKING

ARCHITECT ADITYA PRAKASH

COMPLETED IN 1957

TOTAL AREA OF THE SITE

8.5 ACRES (NOW INCREASED TO 10 ACRES)

BUILDING STRUCTURE MAX. G + 1

CATERING TO PASSANGER TRAFFICE FROM CHANDIGARH, DELHI AND HARYANA

1.5 LKH 3.5 LKH 5 LKH 8.5 LKH

ISBT 17 SECOND PHASE INCREASE BEYOND EXPECTION ISBT 43

DETAILED COMPONENTS –

MAIN STRUCTURE SOMEWHAT CENTRALLY LOCATED IN THE MAIN BUILDING WITH CENTRAL WAITING HALL, ALL PASSENGERS AND

STAFF FACILITIES ARE LOCATED AROUND IT

IT IS COLUMN AND BEAM STRUCTURE WITH SQUARE GRIDS OF 17’3” X 17’3”.

FAÇADE IS OF EXPOSE BRICKWORK.

ALONG THE N- W SIDE, THE BUILDING IS IN THREE LEVELS

DESIGN PRINCIPLES-

ENTRY AND EXIT OF THE INTERSTATE BUSES ARE PROVIDED EXCLUSIVELY FROM THE BUS LANE.

SEPARATE PARKING LOTS FOR-CITY BUSES, PRIVATE VEHICLES, AUTO RICKSHAW, TAXI. CYCLE, RICKSHAW

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SEPARATE ENTRIES FOR THE INTERCITY BUSES.

CONCEPT OF CORRIDOR PLANNING.

PLAY OF LIGHT WITH THE USE OF ROOFS AT DIFFERENT LEVELS.

SOW TOOTH LOADING PLATFORMS.

SCOPE FOR FUTURE EXPANSION.

IT CATERS TO A DAILY OF 3456 BUSES AND HANDLES BUSES FROM 5 STATES &IUT (CHANDIGARH).

OPEN COURTYARD HAS BEEN PROVIDED FOR LIGHT AND VENTILATION OF BUILDING BUT DUE TO LACK OF PROPER MAINTENANCE THE

COURTYARD REMAIN DIRTY.

THE RESTAURANT OF FIRST FLOOR NEVER FULLY UTILIZED THE REASON BEING THAT THE PASSENGER ARE UNABLE TO LOCATE IT AND IF

SITTING IN THE RESTAURANT, CANNOT KEEP EYE ON THE BUSES.

AT SOME PLACE, TOILET ARE NOT PROVIDED

THE SITTING CAPACITY FOR THE PASSENGER IS INSUFFICIENT

THE LIGHT AND VENTILATION IS QUITE GOOD IN THE BUILDING EXCEPT THE TOILET WHERE VENTILATION IS PROVIDED BUT DIRECT

SUNLIGHT DOES NOT ENTER.

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GROUND FLOOR - WAITING HALL, CANTEEN, LOADING BAYS, TICKET COUNTER, TOILET, FOOD, AND BOOKSTALL, ENQUIRY OFFICE,

CLOAK ROOM ETC.

FIRST FLOOR – RAILWAY BOOKING OFFICE, POST OFFICE, POLICE POST, STATION SUPERVISOR ROOM, TOURIST INFORMATION OFFICE,

RESTAURANT, TOURIST REST ROOM, TOURISM OFFICE OF CHANDIGARH ETC. HAVE BEEN PROVIDED.

PARKING

LOADING PLATFORM

A TOTAL NO OF 53 LOADING BAYS

THE LOADING BAYS ARE STRAIGHT SAW TOOTH TYPE 12’6” WIDE AND 4” HIGH.

COVERED PLATFORM, MANY OF BUS STOPPERS

SOMETIMES DURING PEAK HOURS, 2- 3 BUSES STAND ON A SINGLE BAY THUS CREATE CONGESTION

UNLOADING PLATFORM

NEAR THE ENTRY POINT DUE TO LACK OF COVERED PLATFORM, ITS UNDERSELL DURING SUMMER AND RAINY SEASON

IDEAL PARKING

A TOTAL NO OF 71 BUS PARKING, BAYS ARE PROVIDED OF WHICH 7 ARE PROVIDED OF WHICH FOR LONG TERM PARKING

IDEAL PARKING IS PROVIDED ON THE OPPOSITE SIDE OF THE LOADING PLATFORM

PARKING FOR LOCAL CONVEYANCE BACK SIDE OF TERMINUS, FROM WHERE THE PEOPLE ENTER THE TERMINAL.

500 SCOOTER & 25- 30 CARS

A LARGE SPACE IN THE BASEMENT IS ALSO PROVIDED ADJACENT TO THE OPEN PARKING FOR PRIVATE VEHICLES

IT HAS A CAPACITY OF 500 SCOOTER & 1500 CYCLES ONLY

LIGHT IS THE MAIN PROBLEM IN THE BASEMENT AS SKYLIGHTS PROVIDED ARE INSUFFICIENT AND ACTS AS VENTILATOR ONLY.

SUBWAY- THE PEDESTRIAN FROM THE SECTOR 22 SIDE GO BY THE UNDERGROUND SUBWAY TO REACH THE TERMINUS.

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ISBT KASHMERE GATE

BACKGROUND

ARCHITECT V.P. DHAMIJA & RAJINDER KUMAR

COMPLETED IN 1973

SITE AREA 11 ACRES

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MODES OF TRANSPORTATION

IN THE DEPARTURE BLOCK TWO RAMPS AND TWO STAIRCASES ARE PROVIDED TO CONNECT MAIN LOUNGE.

AN OVER BRIDGE IS ALSO PROVIDED TO CONNECT INTER STATE TERMINAL BUILDING TO DTC BLOCK.

A SUBWAY TO ACCESS DTC BUSES HAS BEEN PROVIDED, WHICH SEGREGATES THE MOVEMENT OF PASSENGERS

USING THE LOCAL AND THE INTERSTATE BUSES. .

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CIRCULATION

• AN EFFICIENT CIRCULATION PATTERN IS FOLLOWED IN THE ISBT. THERE IS SEGREGATION IN CIRCULATION OF BUSES AND NON - BUS

(OTHER LIGHT VEHICLES) TRAFFIC DUE TO THE DIFFERENCE IN MOVEMENT CHARACTER.

• THERE IS A SEPARATE ENTRY AND EXIT POINTS FOR INTER-CITY AND INTRA-CITY BUS SERVICES.

• THERE IS A PROPER SEGREGATION FOR VEHICULAR AND PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT.

DESIGN PRINCIPLES

SEGREGATION OF DIFFERENT MODES OF TRANSPORT & ACTIVITIES

SEGREGATION OF ALIGHTING AND BOARDING PLATFORMS

SEGREGATION OF INCOMING AND OUTGOING PASSENGERS AT TWO LEVELS.

ARRIVAL BLOCK - IT IS 7 STORIED STRUCTURES

GROUND FLOOR

IT IS ARRIVAL BLOCK HAVING 19 UNLOADING PLATFORMS.

ANGULAR BAYS ARE PROVIDED FOR THE UNLOADING OPERATION,

CONTROL ROOM, ENQUIRY COUNTERS, TOURIST INFORMATION COUNTERS

THE SPACE IS DULL AND DARK DUE TO INSUFFICIENT NATURAL LIGHT

THERE ARE SUFFICIENT NUMBERS OF PUBLIC AMENITIES PROVIDED IN THIS AREA.

THERE ARE MANY EATING JOINTS BUT NO SMOKE OUTLETS ARE PROVIDED.

FIRST FLOOR

THE MAIN ENTRANCE LEVEL OF THE FIRST FLOOR LINKS THE OUTGOING PORCH TO ENTRY

LOUNGE AND FACILITIES LIKE POST OFFICES, ENQUIRY AND BANK ARE PROVIDED AT THIS LEVEL.

SECOND TO FOURTH FLOOR

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MAINTENANCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF IS ACCOMMODATED ON THE SECOND FLOOR AND THE VARIOUS TRANSPORT COMPANY

OFFICES AND OTHER TERMINAL STAFF ON THE THIRD AND FOURTH FLOORS.

AT FOURTH LEVEL THE ROOF OF THE CORRIDOR HAS BEEN LOWERED DOWN TO ACCOMMODATE THE SERVICE PIPES FIFTH FLOOR OF UPPER LEVELS.

FIFTH FLOOR WAS DESIGNED TO ACCOMMODATE THE TRANSIT HOTEL FOR OVERNIGHT STAYING PASSENGERS, BUT NOW THE COMPLETE

FLOOR IS USED AS OFFICERS OF DELHI ADMINISTRATION FOR EARNING REVENUE.

SIXTH FLOOR HAS BEEN DESIGNED FOR RESIDENTIAL USE BY FULL TIME STAFF AND SOME ADMINISTRATIVE

STAFF WITH THE FACILITIES OFDOUBLE BED ROOM FLAT AND SINGLE BEDROOM FLAT.

LOUVERS HAVE BEEN PROVIDED FOR BETTER LIVING ACCOMMODATION.

LINK BLOCK

IT IS A CONNECTING BLOCK BETWEEN ARRIVAL AND DEPARTURE BLOCK AT FIRST FLOOR LEVEL.

THIS BLOCK WAS DESIGNED FOR TICKET BOOTHS FOR EACH PARKING BERTH.

NOW 90% OF THE TICKET BOOTHS PROVIDED HERE IS NOT USED AS THEY HAVE SET UP THEIR COUNTERS (CURRENT BOOKING) AT

DEPARTURE LEVEL.

SKY LIGHT HAS BEEN USED TO BRING NATURAL LIGHT IN THIS AREA. THESE ARE BOTH CIRCULAR AND CONICAL

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SMALL ENQUIRY OFFICES OF DIFFERENT STATE TOURISM AND SMALL SECURITY CELL ARE PROVIDED IN THE CENTRE AROUND A LARGE DIA

HOLLOW COLUMN WHICH ACT AS THE SKYLIGHT FOR ARRIVAL BLOCK BELOW.

THIS BLOCK A LARGE WAITING AREA TO FACILITATE PASSENGER

THE WAITING AREA IN THE LINK BLOCK IS NOT USED AS MUCH BECAUSE PASSENGER HAVE TENDENCY TO WAIT NEAR THE DEPARTURE

PLATFORM OF THE BUS.

THE COUNTER IN THE LINK BLOCK IS ONLY BEING USED FOR ADVANCE RESERVATION FACILITIES.

SECTION SHOWING ROOFING SYSTEM

CIRCULAR CUTOUTS OF SKYLIGHTS 1 M, 2M AND 3 M DIAMETERS HAVE BEEN USED ABOVE THE WAITING AREA

DEPARTURE BLOCK IT IS DIVIDED INTO TWO LEVELS.

THE LOWER ONE FOR THE USE OF OUTGOING PASSENGERS AND BUSES, AND

THE UPPER LEVEL FOR WAITING OUT SEATING PURPOSES. A MEZZANINE IS ALSO PROVIDED TO HOUSE THE OFFICES AND REST ROOMS OF

BUS CREW. THE UPPER LEVEL IS NOT BEING USED TO ITS FULL EXTEND, HENCE CREATING CONGESTION AT LOWER LEVEL.KIOSKS AND STALLS

HAVE BEEN LOCATED BETWEEN THE BUS BAY AND WAITING AREA AND ATTRACT LOT OF PASSENGERS TO COME. THIS CROWD CLOCKS THE

BUS BAY VIEW FROM WAITING ARE RESULTING IN THE CONGESTION ON CONCOURSE WHILE THE WAITING AREA REMAINS EMPTY.

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ANGULAR BAYS ARE PROVIDED FOR LOADING PLATFORMS WHICH ARE EFFICIENT

FOR LOADING OPERATIONAND REQUIRE LESS AREA.

ANGULAR BAYS ARE PROVIDED FOR LOADING PLATFORM, SO

A. PASSENGER HAS CLEAR APPROACH TO ENTRY DOOR.

B. AREA REQUIRED PER VEHICLE IS LESS.

2. UNLOADING PLATFORMS ARE NOT PROVIDED.

3. THE AREA OF REST ROOM FOR BUS CREW STAFF IS VERY LESS AND THERE ARE NO TOILET FACILITIES FOR THEM.

4. TOILET FACILITIES AND WAITING FACILITIES ARE LESS

5. EATING AND DRINKING WATER FACILITIES ARE SUFFICIENT

THE KITCHEN AND RESTAURANT SPACE IN THE DEPARTURE BLOCK IS NOW BEING USED AS OFFICES OF

THE DELHI ADMINISTRATION DUE TO WHICH, MANY UNWANTED PEOPLE COME TO THIS AREA DISTURBING

THE FUNCTIONING OF THE TERMINUS.

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

THE BUILDING IS A COLUMN BEAM BASED STRUCTURE, USE COFFERED SLAB TO ACHIEVE LARGE SPAN

THERE BY REDUCING THE NUMBER OF COLUMN AND INCREASING THE FREE SPACE INSIDE.

THERMAL COMFORT AND DAYLIGHTING

THE ENTIRE BUILDING IS QUITE COOL IN THE SUMMER BECAUSE IT IS HEAVILY LOUVERED ON ALL SIDES WHICH PREVENT THE DIRECT SUNLIGHT,

PREVENTING DIRECT HEATING OF THE INTERNAL AREAS.THE MASSIVE ROOF LIGHTS OVER THE DEPARTURE AREA AID IN NATURAL LIGHTING.

THE BUILDING BECOMES VERY CHILLY IN THE WINTERS, SINCE IT IS OPEN ON ALL SIDES, AND THERE IS NO PROTECTION FROM THE COLD DRAUGHT

WHATSOEVER.SINCE THE LOADING AND UNLOADING AREAS ARE PARTIALLY OR WHOLLY COVERED, THIS LEADS TO A LOT OF THE POLLUTED

AIR GETTING TRAPPED INSIDE THE WAITING AREAS.

25

0

AREA ANALYSIS

TOTAL BUILT UP FLOOR AREA 3, 36,305 SQFT

(7.72 ACRES)

AREA OF ARRIVAL BLOCK 159355 SQFT

AREA OF DEPARTURE BLOCK 103700 SQFT.

AREA OF LINK BLOCK 54350 SQFT

AREA OF 1 FLOOR 2.19 ACRES

AREA OF TOILETS/URINALS 0.38 ACRES

TICKET COUNTERS 5SQM

PUBLIC FACILITIES

TOILET GENTS- 74 NOS.

LADIES- 64 NOS.

WATER POINTS 75 NOS.

PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM 01 NO.

POLICE POST 01 NO.

CLOAK ROOMS 01 NO.

ENQUIRY & BOOTH 02 NO.

DELUXE TOILETS GENTS- 03 NOS.

LADIES- 02 NOS.

WATER COOLERS 10 NOS.

DIESEL GENERATOR SET 02 NOS.

S. NO SERVICE PROVIDER NUMBER

OF TRIPS

1 UP ROADWAYS 390

2 UTTARAKHAND 165

3 PUNJAB 123

4 RAJASTHAN 100

5 HIMACHAL PRADESH 68

6 HARYANA 647

7 DTC 230

8 JAMMU & KASHMIR 2

9 CHANDIGARH TRANSP. CORP. 33

10 PVT (ON PERMIT BY STA) 35

11 PVT (OTHER) 35

12 OTHERS 23

13 TOTAL BUSES 1851

OCCUPANCY NUMBER OFBUSES FOOT-

FALL

30.9 1851 57209

BUS TRAFFIC SURVEY - OBSERVED PEAK HOUR FLOW IS 6.4% AT KASHMIRI GATE

26

0

ANSAL PLAZA AT DELHI, KHEL GAON MARG

ANSAL PLAZA AT DELHI IS AN EXQUISITE SAMPLE OF CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE BEAUTIFULLY LANDSCAPED WITH GREENERY AND

FOUNTAINS. LOCATED AT HUDCO PLACE IN THE HEART OF DELHI.

27

BACKGROUND

LOCATION: SOUTH DELHI

SUB LOCATION: KHEL GAON MARG

DEVELOPER: ANSAL PROPERTIES & INFRASTRUCTURE.

TOTAL FLOORS GROUND + 3 FLOORS

ARCHITECT JASBIR SAWANAY ASSOCIATES

SITE AREA 14000 SQM.

o BUILT UP AREA 17760 SQ.M.

o CIRCULATION 3300 SQ.M.

o CORE AREA 1440 SQ.M.

o OFFICIAL 8265.66 SQ.M.

o SHOPPING 9495 SQ.M.

CIRCULATION

OFFICIAL -

1349 SQ.M.

SHOWROOM I 130 SQ.M.

SHOWROOM II 80 SQ.M.

DEPARTMENTAL

STORES (G.F.)

760 SQ.M.

ENTRANCE

LOBBIES

102 SQ.M.

FIRE CONTROL

ROOM

14.4 SQ.M.

RESTAURANT 200 SQ.M.

LIFT LOBBIES 20 SQ.M.

TOILET 20 SQ.M.

BASEMENT AREA 10000 SQ.M.

GRID 6 M X 8 M & 7 M

28

LAYOUT & PLANNING

THE BASIC PLANNING IS INTROVERT IN NATURE. IT CONSISTS OF TWO HALF (C SHAPE) CIRCULAR BLOCKS CONNECTED BY THE BRIDGE AS FOUR

FLOORS ENCLOSING AN AMPHITHEATRE 50M.DIAMETER HAS BEEN CLOSELY LANDSCAPED. THE INNER PERIPHERY OF THE BLOCKS HAS BEEN GLAZED

AND ALONG WITH RUNS THE CORRIDOR SO THE SHOPPER ALWAYS GETS THE VIEW TOWARDS THE AMPHITHEATRE. THERE IS A JUTTING BLOCK'

FROM ONE BLOCK AND IT HAS THE BIG DEPARTMENTAL STORE—SHOPPER'S STOP THE JUNCTION OF THE BLOCKS FORMS THE ENTRY OF THE PLAZA.

SHOPPER'S STOP HAS GOT ITS OWN SEPARATE AND IT IS INTERNALLY CONNECTED THROUGH THE ENTRANCE LOBBY OF THE PLAZA.

CORRIDORS RUNNING ALONG INNER PERIPHERY GIVE A CONSTANT VIEW OF THE PLAZA THUS FORMED.

THE COMPLEX IS SURROUNDED BY GUEST HOUSE BLOCKS AND APARTMENTS.

ENTRY TO THE SITE IS COMMON. THERE ARE TWO ACCESSES TO THE SITE, ONE SERVES AS THE ENTRY

AND THE OTHERS ACT AS THE EXIST CONNECTED BY THE BRIDGE HAS GOT THE HELICAL RAMP EXIT THE

BRIDGE IS USED

TOTAL AREA OF PARKING IS 9850 SQ.MT. WHICH ALSO INCLUDES THE OTHER SERVICES LIKE A.C. PLANT

GENERATOR ROOMS AND SPACE FOR M.T.N.L. ETC.

SERVICE ENTRY

A SERVICE ROAD IS PROVIDED WHICH RUNS ON THE OUTER PERIPHERY OF THE BUILDING. A RAMP OF THE SLOPE 1:7 HAS BEEN

PROVIDED TO HAVE THE ACCESS UP TO THE SERVICE LIFT TO THE SERVICE ROAD.

(FROM THE BACK) ONE SERVICE LIFT HAS BEEN PROVIDED FOR THE FIRST BUILDING AND ONE FOR THE OTHER BUILDING.

ENTRANCE

THERE IS ITS OWN ENTRY FOR THE BIGGER DEPARTMENTAL STORE AND ADJACENT TO THIS IS THE ENTRY FOR THE MALL,

ANSAL PLAZA IS SITUATED NEAR THE POSH MARKET AREA OF SOUTH EXTENSION IN SOUTH DELHI. AN AMPHITHEATER WITH A

CENTER STAGE ALONG WITH A 45-FEET HIGH ATRIUM FRENCH GLASS CURTAIN WALL THAT FILTERS OUT ULTRAVIOLET AND OTHER

HARMFUL RADIATIONS THIS MALL IS CONSIDERED AN ARCHITECTURAL SPLENDOR. IT HAS EMERGED AS A MAJOR LANDMARK.

THE MALL OFFERS A CLIMATE-CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT THAT REMOVES THE FATIGUE USUALLY ASSOCIATED WITH SHOPPING,

COMPLETE WITH AN AMPHITHEATER, A SHOPPING COMPLEX, OFFICES, TWIN LEVEL

29

Ground floor plan first floor plan

WHICH IS NOT CLEARLY DEFINED, AND SOMEWHAT SUBDUED.

THE ENTRY ATRIUM IS DOUBLE HEIGHT AND HAS ESCALATORS WHICH LAND, AT THE FIRST FLOOR CORRIDOR. THEN ONWARD VERTICAL

MOVEMENT BECAUSE THERE ARE ONLY FOUR FLOORS AS STAIRS AND LIFT IS PROVIDED. BUT A SHOPPER FINDS ITS.

ACTIVITY STRUCTURE

THE COMPLEX HAS FOUR FLOORS HEIGHT ON GROUND FLOORS AND FIRST FLOOR SHOWROOMS HAVE BEEN PLACED WHILE ON SECOND

AND THIRD FLOOR OFFICES HAVE BEEN PROVIDED.

THE OFFICIAL DOESN'T HAVE THE SEGREGATED ENTRY. SO THERE IS INTERMIXING OF THE OFFICIAL AND SHOPPERS, IT SOME WHAT

CREATE CONFUSION AND THUS A PROBLEM TO THE OFFICIALS IN THE PEAK TIME

CIRCULATION PATTERN

THE CIRCULATION CORRIDORS ARE CURVING IN NATURE SO PROVIDES A GOOD VIEW OF THE FOURTH COMING SHOPS.

30

WIDTH OF CORRIDORS GROUND FLOOR 3.6 M.

FIRST FLOOR 2.5 M.

AREA 8000 SQM. (UNDER RETAIL SHOPPING)

6700 SQM. UNDER OFFICE USE.

SERVICE CORE

THE CIRCUMFERENTIAL DISTANCE OF THE CIRCULAR BUILDING IS 125M. SERVICE CORES HAVE BEEN LOCATED AT RECTANGULAR INTERVALS

OF 36M THROUGHOUT THE BUILDING. THERE ARE THREE SERVICE CORES IN WHICH LIFT, TOILETS, TELEPHONE , ELECTRICAL DUCTS HAVE BEEN

PASSED. THE AREA OF ONE SERVICE CORE ONE FLOOR IS 72 SQ.M.

PARKING

THE BASEMENT EXISTS UNDER THE WHOLE COMPLEX. IT IS RESERVED FOR PARKING AND SERVICES. IT HAS GOT PROVISION FOR 210 CARS

AND 400 TWO WHEELER.

SEMI BASEMENT 55CARS ………………BASEMENT 155 CARS

IT HAS A BRIDGE CONNECTING THE ENTRY AND EXIT SERVICES

31

AIR CONDITION & PLANT ROOM

THE WHOLE PLAZA IS CENTRALLY AIR-CONDITIONED. THE PLANT ROOM IS PLACED CENTRALLY IN THE BASEMENT JUST BELOW THE PLAZA

SO AS TO CATER THE TWO BUILDING EQUALITY. THE TONNAGE OF THE PLAZA IS 900 TONES. 6 CHILLERS HAVE BEEN PLACED ON THE

TERRACE OF THE BUILDING. EACH CHILLER IS OF 147 TONS CAPACITY

A.H.U.

A.H.U., ARE RUNNING EQUIDISTANT AT 35M, 3 A.H.U.S ARE IN THE BUILDING AND TWO A.H.U.S ARE IN THE SECOND ONE A.H.U.S VOIDS IN THIS

BUILDING, ARE CEILING HANGING. THEY ARE ADJACENT IN THE UPPER CEILING OF EACH LIFT LOBBY.

FIRE EXITS

IN THE FIRST LOBBY THERE ARE TWO FIRE EXITS AT THE TWO ENDS. THESE ARE LOCATED AT THE DISTANCE OF 50M. PERIPHERAL DISTANCE.

SPRINKLERS

A RESERVOIR OF 45000 IT CAPACITY IS LOCATED AND 5 SPRINKLES PUMPS HAVE BEEN INSTALLED WHICH BEGUN AS SOON AS FIRE IS DETECTED.

THERE ARE FEEDED BY THE BUCK UP GENERATORS IN CASE OF A FIRE. HEAT/SMOKE DETECTORS HAVE BEEN INSTALLED PROPERLY AND IN CORRIDORS

AND IN SHOPS AND IN REGULAR INTERVALS OF 7M IN CORRIDOR AND 3M IN SHOPS.

FIRE FIGHTING

FIRE FIGHTING PROVISIONS HAVE BEEN PROPERLY MADE IN THE COMPLEX. HOSEPIPES HAVE BEEN PROPERLY INSTALLED AT THE LIFT LOBBY AND

AT THE STAIRCASES. EXTINGUISHERS INSTALLED AT REGULAR INTERVALS THROUGHOUT THE CORRIDOR.

32

FIRE CONTROL ROOM

LOCATED AT THE GROUND FLOOR IT IS EQUIPPED WITH THE FIRE PANEL SYSTEM. AS SOON AS THE FIRE BREAKS UP IN ANY PART OF THE

BUILDING, IT IS INDICATED ON THE PANEL AND IT STARTS ITS OPERATIONS BY GIVING WARNING/FIRE ALARM TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC AND

THE FIRE FIGHTING STAFF FOR TAKING THE NECESSARY MEASURES. ELECTRIC SUPPLY IS IMMEDIATELY CUTOFF AND SPRINKLERS START

WORKING.

INFERENCES

THE MALL HAS GOT ONLY RESTAURANT IN ITS FIRST BUILDING, CATERING TO THE WHOLE MALL, AGAIN NO INFORMAL PLACES

VISUAL LINKAGES ARE GOOD THE CURVED SHAPE OF CORRIDOR WAYS GIVES THE PRE INFORMATION OF THE NEXT STOP AND ALSO

REDUCES THE LENGTH OF THE CORRIDOR PSYCHOLOGICALLY. VISUAL LINKAGES BETWEEN THE SUBSEQUENT FLOORS, AGAIN HELPS TO

CREATE A GOOD VISUAL SEQUENCE.

NATURAL LIGHTING TRAPPED THROUGH THE SKYLIGHT ALSO EXPOSES THE TRUE COLORS OF THE SIGNBOARDS AND BANNERS.

SERVICE HAS BEEN PROPERLY PLACED IN THE BASEMENT, PROPERLY CONNECTED THROUGH THE STAIRS AND LIFT.

DUE TO RADIAL GRID, ALL NUMBER OF SHOPS IS RECTANGULAR. IN THE BASEMENT DUE TO RADIAL GRID, EFFICIENT CAR PARKING IS NOT

POSSIBLE.

CONNECTING BRIDGE IS NONE AIR-CONDITIONED; TO TRANSITING FROM ONE BLOCK TO OTHER YOU HAVE TO CROSS THROW A NON AIR

CONDITIONED BRIDGE WHICH IS GOING FROM AIR-CONDITION TO NON AIR-CONDITIONED THEN AIR- CONDITIONED, IS NOT A

GOOD IDEA.

CIRCULATION

FROM MAIN ROAD TO COMPLEX THERE IS ONE ENTRY AND ONE EXITS ARE PROVIDED, VEHICULAR ENTERED FROM THE ENTRY AND

PARKING IS PROVIDE AT SURFACE AS WELL IN THE BASEMENTS, ONE WAY TRAFFIC FLOW IS USED FOR EASY AND SMOOTH DRIVING AS

WELL TO HAVE CONTROL ON THE TRAFFIC MOVEMENTS.

FOR PEDESTRIAN VERTICAL MOVEMENT- LIFTS, ESCALATORS AND STAIRCASES ARE PROVIDED.

ONE OF THE GOOD FEATURES OF THIS COMPLEX IS THE DESCENDED BALCONIES. THE COMPLEX IS FULLY AIR-CONDITIONED. SKY LIGHTS ARE PROVIDED

AT THE TOP.

33

ESCALATORS ARE PROVIDED ON THE RIGHT SIDE BUILDING, BUT SERVICE CORE OF ONE STAIR WITH ONE LIFT IS PROVIDED IN THE BOTH BUILDING BLOCK.

ONE MAIN ATTRACTION OF THE ANSAL PLAZA IS THE POLLUTION CONTROL TOWER WHICH IS ATTACHED TO THE GENERATOR ROOM BASEMENT WHICH

COLLECTS FUMES FROM THERE AND EXHAUST FROM VEHICLES AND PURIFY THEM BEFORE RELEASING TO THE ATMOSPHERE WHICH IS APPROX 30 MT-35

MT HIGH, THIS IS THE MOST PROMINENT FEATURE OF THE MALL.

IN PLANNING, MALL AREA IS TOTALLY UN-DISTURBED FROM ANY TRAFFIC.

AESTHETICS

IT'S VISUAL CHARACTERISTIC LIKE ITS PHYSICAL FORM -GEOMETRY, SHAPE, FACADE, ROOF SHADE, ITS FEATURES, COLORS, TEXTURES, DECORATION,

ORNAMENTATION, AND ITS VIEWING CONDITION, THE DISTANCE AND THE ANGLE FROM WHICH IT’S VIEWED.

IT HAS A WELL TREATED EXTERNAL FACADE OF RED BRICIK WITH SOME BLUE COLOR TILES AT TOP LEVEL.

• IT HAS A GOOD COMBINATION OF GLASS WITH SOLID.

• ALL MODERN MATERIALS ARE USED IN THE ANSAL PLAZA.

• A VERY GOOD EFFORT WAS MADE TOWARDS THE LANDSCAPE.

34

SUPER BUS TERMINAL, JALANDHAR,

BACKGROUND

CLIENT PUNJAB STATE BUS STAND MANAGEMENT COMPANY LIMITED

ARCHITECT SWINDER SAWHEEY ASSOCIATES

COMPLETE IN 2007

SITE AREA 12.51 ACRES

BUILT-UP AREA 18000 SQM

SITE LOCATION

THE TERMINAL IS LOCATED IN THE HEART OF THE CITY. IT IS SURROUNDED BY ROADS ON 3 SIDES. IT IS ABOUT 8 KMS. FROM THE RAILWAY

STATION. THE LONG ROUTE BUSES ENTER THE TERMINAL THROUGH THE ROAD PERPENDICULAR TO THE GARHA ROAD. THE SHORT

ROUTE BUSES ENTER THROUGH G.T. ROAD.

TERMINAL CATERS TO A DAILY BUS SCHEDULE OF 3,000 BUSES AND 1,00,000 FOOTFALLS PER DAY. MOST CONSUMERS OF THE SERVICES

ARE FROM THE LOWER OR MIDDLE-LEVEL INCOME GROUPS. THE EXISTING TERMINAL HAS BEEN RE-DESIGNED AND THE NEW DESIGN

ADDRESSES

AN ATTEMPT WAS MADE TO TRANSFORM THE EXISTING SITUATION OF CHAOS, HAPHAZARD CIRCULATION AND THE NON-EXISTENT

ESTATE SERVICES INTO A PROGRESSIVE, DYNAMIC AND FUTURISTIC DESIGN WHICH WOULD ADAPT ITSELF TO THE CHANGING NEEDS

OF SOCIETY.

35

THE PROPOSED NEW TERMINAL PLAN WAS INTEGRATED WITH THE EXISTING TERMINAL BUILDING BOTH FUNCTIONALLY AND

AESTHETICALLY. THE PLAN EVOLVED HAS SEPARATED BOTH LONG AND SHORT ROUTE BUS TRAFFIC AND CONVERTED THE TERMINAL

INTO AN ACTIVE URBAN STREET.

TWO BUS DEPARTURE BAYS NAMELY, STEPPED PARALLEL AND RADIAL SAW TOOTH HAVE BEEN DESIGNED KEEPING FUNCTION IN MIND.

THE PLAN DEFINES SPECIFIC DOMAINS FOR THE PASSENGER AND THE BUS MOVEMENTS WITH CONVENIENT INTERCHANGES. IT

ENCOURAGES SHORT LINES OF FLOW AND MINIMIZES WALKING DISTANCE TO THE TERMINAL BUILDING.

THE RADIAL SAW TOOTH PATTERN OF THE DEPARTURE BAYS ADDS A UNIQUE GEOMETRY TO THE PLAN. THE WING SHAPED ROOF

INCREASES THE NATURAL LIGHTING BY ACTING AS LIGHT SHAFTS AND REDUCES POLLUTION IN THE TERMINAL BUILDING BY SUCKING

OUT VEHICULAR POLLUTION THROUGH VENTS LOCATED AT THE UPPER LEVELS.

36

DESIGN PRINCIPLES

THE NEW DESIGN ADDRESSES THREE SIGNIFICANT COMPONENTS OF TERMINAL

BUSES AND THEIR UNOBSTRUCTED MOVEMENT, PEDESTRIAN CIRCULATION AND THEIR SAFETY AND PASSENGER VEHICLES AND THEIR

MOVEMENT.

THE PLAN EVOLVED HAS SEGREGATED THE TRAFFIC MOVEMENT AND CONVERTED THE TERMINAL INTO AN ACTIVE URBAN STREET.

APPROACH TO SITE

SHORT ROUTE BUSES HAVE BEEN SEGREGATED FROM THE LONG ROUTE BUSES BY HAVING A SEPARATE ENTRY AND EXITS.

IDLE PARKING TOR THE LONG AND SHORT ROUTE BUSES HAVE BEEN PROVIDED IN SUCH AWAY SO AS TO NOT DISTURB THE MOVEMENT

OF BUS ENTERING OR LEAVING THE TERMINAL

A SEPARATE PASSENGER ENTRY AND EXIT IS PROVIDED.

THIS PASSENGER ENTRY AND EXIT IS ALSO USED BY OTHER VEHICLES FOR APPROACHING THEIR INDIVIDUAL PARKING.

A SEPARATE ENTRY AND EXIT FOR LONG ROUTE BUSES HAS BEEN PROVIDED SEGREGATING IT FROM PEDESTRIAN.

SINCE THE ARRIVAL BLOCK LIES IN THE CENTRE OF BOTH THE DEPARTURE OF LONG AND SHORT ROUTE BUSES, HENCE IT BECOMES

CONVENIENT TO THE PASSENGERS TO TRAVEL TO THE ARRIVAL BLOCK IS CENTRALLY LOCATED WHICH IS EASILY ACCESSIBLE FROM THE

MAIN PASSENGER ENTRANCE FROM TWO OF ITS SIDES.

THE DEPARTURE OF SHORT ROUTE BUSES HAS BEEN PROPERLY SEGREGATED FROM THE LONG ROUTE BUSES BY LOCATING THEM AT

OPPOSITE SIDES OF THE ARRIVAL BLOCK

PARKING IS LOCATED AT AN APPROPRIATE DISTANCE FROM THE OTHER MAIN BLOCKS SO THAT PASSENGERS USING THE TERMINAL

DO NOT HAVE TO TRAVEL A LARGE DISTANCE TO ARRIVE THE BLOCKS.

THE PLAN ENCOURAGES SHORT LINES OF FLOW AND WALKING DISTANCE TO THE TERMINAL BUILDING HAS BEEN MINIMIZED.

37

38

39

Standards

Area analysis

Requirements Area calculation

STANDARDS, AREA & REQUIREMENTS

STANDARDS

40

41

AREA ANALYSIS

BUS TERMINAL

S

NO

REQUIREMENTS CASE STUDY

KASHMERE

GATE DELHI

CASE STUDY

SEC 17

CHANDIGARH

LIT STUDY

SUPER BUS

TERMINAL

JALANDHAR

STANDARDS REQ.AREA REMARK (PEAK HOUR

PASSANGER)

@ PER UNIT AREA

1. ENTRANCE LOUNGE 1.5 SQ.M. 1875 25%OF THE PEAK

HOUR PASS. (5000)

A. ENQUIRY 1@20 1@15 1@30 1.5 SQ.M 25 SQ.M 5 ATTENDANT

B. TOURIST INFORMATION 1@20 1@20 1@20 6 SQ.M 30 SQ.M 5 ATTENDANT

C. TICKET BOOTH 5SQ.M AS PER NO.OF BAY

D. BOOK STALL 10 SQ.M 20 SQ.M 2NO.

E. PUBLIC TELE 2@7 6@7 6@18 70 SQ.M 70 SQ.M 10 BOOTH

F. TOILET 2SQ.M./WC

&5SQ.M./WB

&URINAL

W/C-1/250 FOR

MALE,1/100 FOR

FEMALE, URINAL-1/50,

WB-1/200 MALE

FEMALE

2. WAITING HALL 1@50 1@20 2SQ.M. 750SQ.M. 15% OF PEAK HR.

PASS IN ½ HOUR

CYCLE

42

A. KIOSK 10SQ.M. 60 SQ.M. 6 NOS.

B. TOILET 6@18 SAME M-23SQ.M.

F-12 SQ.M.

30% OF THE LOADING

BAY CAPACITY

C. DRINKING WATER 4NOS.

3. DEPARTUTRE LOUNGE 2SQ.M.

A. ENQUIRY 1@20 1@15 1@30 5SQ.M. 2 ATTENDANT

B. KIOSK 12@7.5 18@9 9@12 10SQ.M.

C. DRINKING WATER 12@5 5@5 7@3 3SQ.M.

D. TICKET BOOTH 10@5 15@5 15@5 5SQ.M.

E. TOILET 10@18 8@18 6@18 2SQ.M./WC&1.

5SQ.M./WB

&URINAL

4. ARRIVAL LOUNGE

A. KIOSK 6@7.5 12@9 6@12 2 STALL EACH

B. DRINKING WATER 4@5 2@5 2@5

C. TELE. BOOTH 5@7 9@7

D. TOILET 4@18

E. TOURIST INFOM. 1@20 1@20

5. ANNOUN. &REPORTING 1@25 1@25 30SQ.M. 1 NOS.

6. BUS CREW STAFF 625SQ.M.

A. CAFETARIA 160SQ.M. 160SQ.M.

43

B. DORMITORIES 420SQ.M. 420SQ.M.

LOCKER 45SQ.M. 45SQ.M.

7. COMMUTER FACILITES

A. BARBER SHOP 30SQ.M. 30SQ.M.

B. DORMITORY 2@50 1@30 1@30 128SQ.M. 4@32 FOR 10BED

CHEMIST 1@9 1@15 30SQ.M. 30SQ.M. 1 NO.

DISPENSARY 1@30 1@25 50SQ.M. 50SQ.M. 1NO.

RESTAURANT 1@75 FOR 30 1.2 / PERSON 300SQ.M. 1NO.

8. MISCELLANEOUS 690SQ.M. 1NO.

A BANK 2@15 1@15 150 SQ.M 150 SQ.M 1NO.

B POST &TELEGRAPH 1@15 1@20 80 SQ.M 1NO.

C POLICE POST 1@25 1@30 1@25 150 SQ.M 150 SQ.M 1NO.

D PUMP ROOM 1@80 1@100 150 SQ.M 2NO.

E AIR BOOKING COUNTER 80 SQ.M 1NO.

F RAIL BOOKING COUNTER 1@25 1@100 180SQ.M 1NO.

9. OFFICE

A MANAGER „S ROOM 1@15 1@20 1@25 1@25 25 SQ.M. 1NO.

B IN – CHARGE ROOM 1@15 1@20 1@15 1@15 20 SQ.M. 1NO.

C ACCOUNTS OFFICE 1@25 1@25 1@30 1@30 30 SQ.M. 1NO.

D ADMINSTRATIVE OFFICE 1@25 1@25 1@30 1@30 30 SQ.M. 1NO.

E OTHER OFFICE 15 SQ.M. 1NO.

44

REQUIREMENT

THE MAIN PROJECT COMPONENTS TO BE DEVELOPED AT THE PROJECT SITE ARE:

BUS TERMINAL AND RELATED PASSENGER FACILITIES.

COMMERCIAL COMPLEX / TOWER

SUB-WAY

HELIPAD

ACTIVITIES AND FACILITIES OF THE COMMERCIAL COMPLEX

OFFICE SPACE, SHOPPING MALL, FOOD COURTS, RESTAURANTS, HYPERMARKET, RETAIL SHOWROOMS, BANKS AND ATM OTHER

ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITIES AND FACILITIES (COMPONENTS) OF THE BUS TERMINAL

PASSENGER CONCOURSE, TICKET COUNTER, WASHROOM, INFORMATION DESK, FACILITIES OF HANDICAPPED, CLOCK ROOM, BUS

CIRCULATION AREA, BUS BAY, PARKING FACILITIES, CONTROL ROOM, HIGH-TEC SECURITY SYSTEM , DRINKING WATER, FIREFIGHTING

SYSTEM, POWER BACKUP. TOURISM, ROADWAYS, RAILWAYS, POLICE POST, REFRESHMENTS, TELEPHONE BOOTHS, BOOK SHOPS, ETC.

RESTAURANTS & FOOD COURT, LODGE & DORMITORIES, WAITING ROOM, REST ROOMS, BANK, ETC.

BUS TERMINAL „ENVISION‟

AUTOMATIC ‘SCHEDULE DISPLAY’ SYSTEM ALONG WITH PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM SAFETY PARAMETERS NO PASSENGER-VEHICLE

CONFLICT SEGREGATION OF PVT. VEHICLES & BUSES ‘DRIVE-WAY CONCEPT‟

DESIGN PARAMETER FOR BUS TERMINAL

FOR INTERSTATE BUS AVERAGE STOPPAGE TIME IS 12 MINUTES EMBARKATION PLATFORM AND 6 MIN TO DISEMBARKATION PLATFORM

& FOR LOCAL STOPPAGE TIME 5- 10 MIN-MAX.

FUNCTIONAL & GEOMETRIC DESIGN PARAMETER FOR BUS TERMINAL

BUS - 2.46 X 10.91 X 3.2 (VOLVO)

BUS BAY- SAW, RADIAL, STRAIGHT,

45

AREA CALCULATION

THE INTERSTATE BUS TERMINUS IS TO BE DESIGNED TO HANDLE 1938 TRIPS ~ 2000 TRIPS PER DAY

PEAK HOUR FLOW IS EQUAL TO 10 % OF TOTAL DAILY FLOW.

INCOMING BUSES (AT UNLOADING BAYS) = 50% OF TOTAL BUSES = 1000 NOS

INCOMING BUSES (AT LOADING BAYS) = 50% OF TOTAL BUSES = 1000 NOS

OCCUPANCY IN PEAK HOUR = 50 PASSANGER/ BUS

TOTAL PASSANGER TO BE HANDLED BY TERMINAL = 50 X 2000 = 1,00,000

NO. OF BAYS FOR LOADING AND UNLOADING HAVE BEEN CALCULATED AS

=TOTAL NO OF BUSES IN PEAK HOUR / BAY CAPACITY IN 1 HOUR.

LOADING - EFFICIENT LOADING OPERATIONAL TIME FOR AN INTERSTATE BUS = 12 MINUTES.

BAYS CAPACITY IN PEAK HOUR = 60MIN/12MIN= 5 NOS

UNLOADING - EFFICIENT UNLOADING OPERATIONAL TIME = ½ OF LOADING OPERATION =6 MIN

BAYS CAPACITY IN PEAK HOUR = 60MIN/6MIN= 10 NOS

BUS BAYS PERCENTAGE NO OF

BUSES

OCCUPANCY

/BUS

NO OF

PASSANGER

PEAK HOUR

LOAD (BUS)

PEAK HOUR

LOAD

(PASSANGER)

NO OF BAYS

LOADING

BAYS

50% 1000 50 50,000 100 5000 100/5=20

UNLOADIN

G BAYS

50% 1000 50 50,000 100 5000 100/10=10

AREA OF BUS NO. OF BAYS AREA/BAY (SQ.MT.) TOTAL AREA

(SQ.MT.)

ADDING 50 %

CIRCULATION SPACE

46

LOADING 20 76 2150 3225

UNLOADING 10 104 1040 1560

IDLE PARKING 40 66 2640 3960

HIRED

MODES

AUTO RICKSAW 100 5 500 750

TAXI 50 16 800 1200

PRIVATE

MODES

CAR 50 25 1250 1875

TWO WHEELERS 100 4 400 600

AREA REQUIREMENT

BUS TERMINAL FOOT FALL PROJECTED 50,000 – 60,000

POTENTIAL BUS TRIPS / DAY -1938 ~ 2000

BUS TERMINAL AREA = 20% OF TOTAL BUILDING AREA =17063 SQMT

COMMERCIAL COMPLEX = 80% OF TOTAL BUILDING AREA =68254 SQMT

OFFICE SPACE 60% 40953 SQMT

SHOPPING 40% 27301 SQMT

47

Traffic flow analysis

Flow chart

Concept

Zoning

Sketches

Working models

SKETCH DESIGN

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

Floor plans

Elevations

Sections

3 – D views

Details

Electives

Fire fighting

Working drawing

DRAWINGS & DETAILS

56

57

58

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Architecture + design July 2004 & June 06

CBRE_final_report_mohali_bus_terminal_project

Redevelopment of ISBT at Sarai kale khan (DIMTS)

Master plan of Mohali BY GMADA

Traffic Engineering and Transportation Planning - L.R. Kadiyali

Master architect series –II Norman foster

High rise building by V. K. Jain

NBC of India 2005

Neufert Architects' Data

Time Saver Standards

www.google.com/earth/

www.scribd .com

www.4shared.com

REFERENCE BUILDINGS

HSBC HEADQUARTER HONGKONG

PROPOSED ISBT AT DWARIKA

30_ST_MARY_AXE, LONDON

METRO BHAVAN AT DELHI

COMMERZ BANK HEADQUARTER, FRANKFURT

MADRID BARAJAS AIRPORT, SPAIN

GEORGES POMPIDOU CENTRE, FRANCE

REDEVELOPMENT OF ISBT ANAND VIHAR, DELHI

LONDON‟S THIRD AIRPORT, STANDSTED

KASHMERE GATE METRO, AT DELHI

WORLD TRADE CENTRE, NEWYORK, FOSTER, ROGER & MAKI