IOC/JODC Training Course on Oceanographic Data Management ... · "Hydrographic Activities of the...

Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Training Course Reports 25

IOC-JODC Training Course on Oceanographic Data Management

Japan Oceanographic Data Center Hydrographic Department Maritime Safety Agency Tokyo, Japan, 27 September - 8 October 1993

UNESCO

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IOC Indian Ocean Re ion Training Course in Petroleum Monitoring Perth, 18 February-1 barch 1980

IOC Regional Training Course for Marine Science, Technicians Cape Ferguson, Queensland, 1-28 June 1980

ROPME-IOC-UNEP Training Workshop on Oceanographic Sampling Analysis, Data handling and Care of Equipment, Doha, Qatar, 3-15 December 1983

Stage CO1 dinitiation A la gestion et au traitement de I'information scientifique et technique pour I'oceanologie, Brest, France, 28 novembre - 9 dkembre 1983 Curso mixto COI-OMM de formacidn sobre el Sistema Global lntegrado de Servicios Oceenicos (SGISO), Buenos Aires, Argentina, 15-26 de octubre de 1984

UNESCO-IOC-NBO Training Course on Tidal Observations and Data Processing Tianjin, China, 27 August - 22 September 1984 Stage CO1 sur la connaissance et la gestion de la zone cbtiere et du proche plateau continental Talence, France, 18 septembre - 4 octobre 1984 IOC Regional Training Course on Marine Living Resources in the Western Indian Ocean Mombasa, Kenya, 27 August - 22 September 1984 IOC-UNESCO Summer School on Oceanographic Data, Collection and Management Erdemli, Icel, Turkey, 21 September - 3 October 1987 IOC-UNESCO Regional Training Workshop on Ocean Engineering and its Interface with Ocean Sciences in the Indian Ocean Region, Madras, India, 17 March - 5 April 1986 IOC-UNESCO Training Course on the Use of Microcomputers for Oceanographic Data Management Bangkok, Thailand, 165 January - 3 February 1989 IOC Advanced Training Course on Continental Shelf Structures Sediments and Mineral Resources Quezon City, Philippines, 2-13 October 1989

IOCIIODE Training Course on GF3 Data Formatting System Obninsk. USSR, 14-24 May 1990

IOC Training Course on Microcomputers and Management of Marine Data in Oceanographic Data Centres of Spanish-speaking Countries, Bogot5, Colombia, 21 -30 October 1991

IOC Advanced Training Course on Nearshore Sedimentation and the Evolution of Coastal Environments, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 17-29 February 1992

First IOC Training Course on the Applications of Satellite Remote Sensing to Marine Studies Caracas, Venezuela, 24-28 September 1990

IOC-KMFRI-RECOSCIX (WIO) Regional Training Course on Microcomputer-based Marine Library Information Management, Mombasa, Kenya, 10-21 August 1992

ROPME-IOC Regional Training Course on Management of Marine Data and Information on Microcomputers for the ROPME Region, Kuwait, 18-28 October 1992

IOC-SOA Training Workshop on Environmental Effects on Benthic Communities Xiamen, China, 19-23 October 1992

IOC Training Course for the Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS) directed to the African and South American Portuguese and Spanish-Speaking Countries SBo Paulo, Brazil, 1-19 February 1993

IOC-SSTC-SOA Training Course on Marine Information Management and ASFA Tianjin. China, 19-30 October 1992

First IOCIIOCARIBE-UNEP Training Course on Monitoring and Control of Shoreline Changes in the Caribbean Re ion Port-of-Spain. Trinidad and Togago, 21-30 July 1993

IOC/WESTPAC Trainin Course on Numerical Modelling of the Coastal Ocean Circulation Matsuyama, Japan, 278eptember - 1 October 1993 IOC-JODC Trainin Course on Oceanographic Data Management Tokyo, Japan, 28 leptember - 9 October 1992 IOC-JODC Trainin Course on Oceanographic Data Management Tokyo, Japan, 27 leptember - 8 October 1993

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Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Training Course Reports 25

IOC-JODC Training Course on Oceanographc Data Management

Japan Oceanographic Data Center Hydrographic Department Maritime Safety Agency Tokyo, Japan, 27 September - 8 October 1993

UNESCO

IOC Training Course Report No.2.5 page (0

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SUMMARY REPORT

1. INTRODUCTION

2. APPLICATION

3. TRAINING COURSE

3.1. OPENING 3.2. OUTLINE OF THE COURSE PROGRAMME

3.2.1. 3.2.2. 3.2.3.

3.2.4.

3.2.5. 3.2.6.

Activities of the Hydrographic Department Activities of the JODC International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange (IODE) System and Data Exchange in the WESTPAC Region Data Management

3.2.4.1 Oceanography 3.2.4.2 Marine Geophysics 3.2.4.3 Biology

Information Management Practical Training

3.2.6.1 Personal Computer 3.2.6.2 New Technologies

3.3. STUDY VISIT

3.3.1. JAMSTEC 3.3.2. NASDA

3.4 COUNTRY REPORTS

3.4.1. Indonesia 3.4.2. Thailand 3.4.3. Vietnam

3.5. CLOSING

4. COURSE EVALUATION

4.1. LOCAL ARRANGEMENTS 4.2. PERIOD, MATERIALS 4.3. LECTURES 4.4. STUDY VISIT 4.5. SOFTWARE PROVIDED BY JODC 4.6. EXPECTATION AND SATISFACTION 4.7. OPINION TO IMPROVE THE COURSE

5. CONCLUSION

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IOC Training Course Report No. 25 page (ii)

ANNEXES

I Timetable

I1 Country Reports

I11 List of Participants

IV

V List of Acronyms

List of Participating Countries in Training Courses from 1982- 1993

IOC Training Course Report No. 25

1. INTRODUCTION

Since 1982 the Training Course on Oceanographic Data Management has been organized every year at the Japan Oceanographic Data Center (JODC), in support of the activities of IOC Regional Committee (now Sub-Commission) for the Western Pacific (WESTPAC).

The Sub-Commission at its first session held in Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China, 5-9 February 1990, expressed its appreciation to Japan for organizing training courses in data management and exchange in RNODC, and some Delegates referred to the importance of data management and exchange for the implementation of WESTPAC projects.

The twelfth IOC-JODC Training Course on Oceanographic Data Management was organized by JODC under the auspices of IOC, from 27 September to 8 October 1993, at JODC, Hydrographic Department, Maritime Safety Agency, Tokyo, Japan.

The objectives of the training course were to allow personnel currently involved in oceanographic data and information management from Member States in the WESTPAC region to become acquainted with basic concepts of the International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange (IODE) system and its function, especially in the WESTPAC region, and acquisition, procession and compilation of oceanographic data.

2. APPLICATION

The IOC announced the training course through its Circular Letter No. 1380 dated 24 May 1993 to all Member States of WESTPAC. The application requirements are that candidates should have adequate background knowledge in the field of oceanographic data management, preferably with responsibilities for oceanographic data management at their national oceanographic data centers (NODC), or equivalent organizations in their home country and a good command of the English language.

Sixteen applications were received from ’seven Member States of WESTPAC in response to the IOC Circular Letter. In consultation with the authorities concerned in Japan, three participants from Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam were selected by JODC and IOC. (See Annex 111)

3. TRAINING COURSE

3.1 OPENING

The training course was officially opened on 27 September 1993 by Mr. Osamu Yamada, Director, Japan Oceanographic Data Center, Hydrographic Department (JHD), Maritime Safety Agency, Tokyo, Japan. In his opening remarks, Mr. Yamada reminded the participants and the lecturers that oceanographic observation required enormous amount of time and money, and even at huge expenses, not one country could successfully fulfill the demands from scientific, environmental, navigational nor fishery communities. H e stressed that only international co-operation could realize sufficient data sets to satisfy the data needs in an efficient manner.

Mr. Yamada called the participants’ attention to the global climate change and emphasized emphasized that environmental research programmes required more and more oceanographic data to improve timely data exchange on a global scale. The international data and information exchange system is crucial for the success of the programmes. H e noted that international oceanographic data exchange was increasingly recognized as one of the most efficient and important way for international co-operation. H e emphasized that under these circumstances, the participants’ role would be far more important not only.in their own countries, but also among the international

IOC Training Course Report No. 25 Page 2

oceanographic community. H e also stressed that mutual friendship and understanding was one of the important factors for efficient data and information exchange.

3.2 OUTLINE OF THE COURSE PROGRAMME

The programme covered various subjects such as the establishment of NODCs and their functions, as well as the organizational structure of the IODE system, oceanographic data management at JODC, explanation of computer software and study visits. Practical exercises for the use of personal-computers for data management and exchange accounted for half of the lecture time. During the course, one personal computer (IBM PS/V 486DX2-66MHz) was provided to operate software for data management. The course programmes were based on the PC software for data management and the IODE system.

Course materials distributed to the participants are as follows:

- Guide for Establishing a National Oceanographic Data Centre - IOC Manual part 1 - I O D E Handbook - Guide for Responsible National Oceanographic Data Centres - Activities of Hydrographic Department (brochure) - Activities of JODC (brochure) - WESTPAC Data Management Guide - Oceanographic Data Management Text Book - Appendix to Oceanographic Data Management - Tasks of JODC - Documents related to WOCE and GTSPP.

3.2.1 Activities of the Hydrographic Department

A briefing was given on the organizational and major activities of the Department in the room where the history of the Department was displayed, which was followed by a movie "Hydrographic Activities of the Department". The movie screened the hydrographic survey/oceanographic observations carried out by R.V. SHOYO.

3.2.2 Activities of JODC

The organization of JODC, the reception of oceanographic data and information from the originator, the data processing flow and the data file were explained. The role of JODC as R N O D C s was also explained. The briefing allowed participants to understand what to study during the training course.

3.2.3 International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange (IODE) System and Data Exchange in the WESTPAC Region

A lecture was given on the history, structure and function of the IODE system of IOC, preceded by the outlines of IOC's activities. It included the basic idea of the international oceanographic data and information exchange, organizational structure and history of IODE, followed by explanations of data flow from observing stations to World Data Centers (WDC) through National Oceanographic Data Centers (NODC) and Responsible National Oceanographic Data Centers (RNODC).

Lectures were given on data exchange in the WESTPAC region, explaining the activities of JODC as the RNODC for WESTPAC. It was noted that JODC was also acting as the RNODC for the Integrated Global Ocean Services System Programme (IGOSS), the RNODC for IOC Marine Pollution Monitoring Programme (MARPOLMON) for the WESTPAC region, and the


RNODC for Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP). Lectures outlined the tasks of RNODC for WESTPAC including procedures for forwarding and disseminating oceanographic information for forwarding data and data announcement and retrieval of data and information on the WESTPAC programme.

3.2.4 Data Management

3.2.4.1 Oceanography

Briefing was given on data items, file names and quantity control which have been held at JODC. Detailed information on data processing and management at JODC using "Oceanographic Data Management", a textbook prepared by JODC were explained, as well as ADCPs, CTDs, and ARGOS data management.

Participants were then acquainted with the data quality control of oceanographic data, in situ and at JODC.

Participants were familiarized with the oceanographic products produced by JODC, using archived data and its statistics. The products included atlases, catalogues, data reports in the form of printed matter and floppy disks.

3.2.4.2 Marine Geophysics

The data management system for the geophysicaUgeologica1 data developed by JODC was outlined. The computer systems, master tapes, and microfilms used for the geophysicaUgeologica1 data management were demonstrated. The operation of a graphic computer (Titan 3000) and the use of a personal computer were demonstrated . Formats such as the MGD77 and J-BIRD and data contents of JODC's geologicaUgeophysica1 master files were then explained. J-BIRD was a JODC-original integrated digital bathymetric data system, which was used for bathymetric data management in JODC.

GEO physical Data Management System which has been created by U.S. NGDC, was explained. GEODAS is an advanced management system handling data formatted by MGD 77. During this lecture, GEBCO (IOC-IHO General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans) was introduced as an example of international co-operation in the field of geology/geophysics. Here, GEBCO was outlined and the fifth version of GEBCO was shown.

3.2.4.3 Biology

The background and object of biological data management were explained, followed by an outline of the data management system at JODC. A detailed explanation was given by the developer of the JODC Marine Biological Data Management System, especially the encoding of biology data developed by JODC.

All the participants showed interest in the code table for biological data. The digital code table in the floppy disk was given to participants.

3.2.5 Information Management

The lecturer stressed the importance of information management, especially those managed by ROSCOP. At first, he introduced ROSCOP with its purpose and characteristics. The innovation of ROSCOP, or Cruise Summary Report as ROSCOP I11 was also introduced. H e then explained the contents, and formats of ROSCOP. The data base management system for ROSCOP was also shown. It was noted that the JODC published and distributed ROSCOP annually.


3.2.6 Practical Training

3.2.6.1 Personal Computer

Each session had computer practice for at least half of the time to introduce PC applications for oceanographic data management which were currently used in IBM-PC in JODC. All participants showed a good command of computer operation. Copies of all software were given to participants. It is be expected that the software would be utilized to manage their data easily in their office.

The following shows the function of the software:

IGOSS (BATHY/TESAC) Data entry with Q. C. Display of the station chart with the map on the screen Display of Station Data in the table or in the chart Display of BT Data in the table or in the chart Display of Current Data in the table or in the chart Tide Data Management Package Tidal Current Data Management Package MGD77 Data Management Package.

3.2.6.2 New Technologies

The lecturer introduced the recent development in data handling technology and telecommunication systems. H e informed the participants of the IODE’s continuous interest for new technology, and of the movement towards a combination of high performance PCs, such as i386, i486 with compact yet large volume storage media, such as CD-ROMs, combined by LAN and WAN. H e showed some examples of data management using CD-ROMs, produced by US NODC, US NGDC and JODC. H e then demonstrated an operating example of LAN at JODC, and its effectiveness in data transfer between different platforms. Explanations were also given on the computer network system: JOIDES established by JODC to facilitate data and information exchange between the marine science community in Japan abd JODC.

3.3 STUDY VISIT

3.3.1 JAMSTEC

On 30 September, the first study visit to the Japan Marine Science and Technology Center (JAMSTEC) was organized to give a chance for participants to see underwater observation technology. Outline of JAMSTEC was introduced by video to the participants. JAMSTEC was founded in 1971 through the cooperative efforts of government, academia and the private sector. The Center was founded to promote marine sciences and technology in Japan in response to the social needs of the people, and today plays a highly important role in those activities. The participants were informed about marine developing equipment such as an unmanned survey system, Dolphin 3K and manipulator of deep sea research submersible. They visited underwater simulation and training facilities, consisting of three chambers, for underwater technology experiments, diving training, physiological research experiment, etc. at a pressure equivalent to 500m depth maximum. ,

3.3.2 NASDA

The second study visit to the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA) was conducted on 7 October 1993, to give the participants the opportunity to study remote sensing technology.

IOC Training Course Report No. 25 page 5

NASDA was established on 1 October 1969, under the National Space Development Agency Law, to act as the nucleus for implementing space development and promoting space utilization exclusively for peaceful purposes. The participants showed great interest in the operation room where they could see real-time data from satellite on the screen.

3.4 COUNTRY REPORT

The three participants presented their Country Reports to introduce to JODC staff activities in their country. This session was attended by trainees, lecturers and JODC staff to review the status of oceanographic data management and what was going on in the field of marine in South East Asia. It should be noted that the participants had prepared their country reports very well before coming to JODC (see Annex 11).

3.4.1 Indonesia

Mr. Rahmat introduced activities of the Research and Development Centre for Oceanology, Indonesia Institute of Science (RDCO-LIPI). Especially, he stressed sea level observation in the country, including the ASEAN-AUSTRALIA Science and Environment Project, and oceanographic data management in a PC-based system.

3.4.2 Thailand

Dr. Pitan presented the Marine Surveillance and Information System: SEAWATCH THAILAND, using video tape and a slide projector. The outlines of the system were to deploy seven buoys in the gulf of Thailand and to collect real-time data for marine environmental monitoring and forecasting. Although this system is not directly related to activities of data centres, the participants were impressed by the new ocean research project.

3.4.3 Vietnam

Dr . Chau introduced the outlines of the Vietnamese National Oceanographic Data Center (VNODC) which was founded in 1990 by joint efforts of the Vietnamese Committee for IOC and the National Center for Scientific Research. She emphasized that although VNODC has not much experience as an NODC in data management it is very active in international co-operation in the I O D E sy s tem .

3.5 CLOSING

The training course was completed on 8 October 1993. Mr. Osamu Yamada, Director of JODC, addressed his congratulations to the participants for their fruitful completion of the course. H e urged the participants to recognize the important role of oceanographic data centres, especially in relation to global environment programmes. H e expressed his wishes that the participants would utilize the knowledge and experience obtained through the course and continue to contribute to the advancement of the management and international exchange of oceanographic data and information through the I O D E system on a world-wide basis. H e also pointed out that this training course was most fruitful to establish good human relations among participants and between participants and JODC staff, and the participants were very welcome to contact JODC for further information and technical assistance.

The participants thanked JODC for organizing the course and IOC for providing the opportunity. Each of the three participants was awarded a certificate signed by the Secretary IOC and the Director of JODC, indicating that they had successfully completed the training course.


4. COURSE EVALUATION

On 8 October 1993, a round-table meeting was held with participants and lecturers for the evaluation of the training course. The evaluation was also carried out by submission of the questionnaire. A summary of the evaluation is given below.

4.1 LOCAL ARRANGEMENTS

The participants were booked into the same hotel as for the twelfth Training Course.

4.2 PERIOD, MATERIALS

The participants commented that the period of the course was too short to practic'e on PCs. They also suggested that for better understanding, documents for the course should be prepared in English. They felt that some training materials used during this course were too advanced.

4.3 LECTURES

The participants found the lectures were useful, especially the lectures on international data exchange mechanism, tide and tidal current data management and biological data management.

4.4 STUDY VISIT

All participants mentioned that the study visits to JAMSTEC and NASDA were very informative and interesting.

4.5 SOFTWARE PROVIDED BY JODC

The participants felt that the software provided by JODC was useful, but the problem was that some messages appeared in Japanese. The participants recommended that the software should be in English for wider application in the region.

4.6 EXPECTATION AND SATISFACTION

The participants expected to improve their professional skills, in order to obtain the necessary knowledge to participate in the IODE system and data management including quality control, and to become aware of JODC's involvement in IOC.

4.7 OPINION TO IMPROVE THE COURSE

The participants mentioned that longer time was needed to practise handling data file, coding data entry using software and that it was necessary to improve both translators and lecturers English skills.

5. CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the training course was considered to have been a successful undertaking which had achieved, to a great extent, its objectives. The course provided the participants with opportunities to deepen their understanding of the importance of international oceanographic data exchange and the mechanism and function of the IODE system, particularly in the WESTPAC region. The participants responsible for oceanographic data management in their own countries, were also trained in the management of N O D C s and became familiar with algorithms for manipulation of various kinds of data, including data quality control. Furthermore, they had an opportunity to study operational enquiry services for users at data centres. Information on new technical trends was also

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provided, to orient participants to establish a modern data and information management system in their home country. Nevertheless, in order to optimize the benefit that participants and marine communities could accrue from such valuable training activities in the future, the following observations may be made :

(1) the homogeneity of the participants in terms of knowledge, experience and interest in data management and computer is essential for the success of training programmes. The participants for the twelfth Training Course had the basic knowledge on data management and PC. Utmost efforts should continue to be made in selecting the candidates to best utilize the limited resources for the training course in order to have the most successful results;

(ii) JODC has been making continual adjustments to the course programmes since the beginning of the course in 1982, and it seems to work well for the needs of participants and for the requirements of oceanographic communities. This exercise should be maintained in the future and further improvement should be considered, including the strengthening of the practical exercises of data management using personal computers. This is now limited by time resources rather than other obstacles. An important remark was made during the course was that support for participants to make each NODC active was really vital. The JODC offered continuous support after the course for the graduated participants.

In conclusion, it is expected that the training course would continue to play an important role in promoting activities of NODC or its equivalent, in each country, and facilitate data exchange in the region and in strengthening IODE system on a global scale.

IOC Training Course Report No. 25 Annex I

ANNEX I

TIMETABLE

27 September 1993

1O:OO-12:OO Opening Ceremony and Course Orientation Welcoming remarks by Director of JODC Introduction of trainees Introduction of lecturers

13:30-16:OO Briefing of Hydrographic Department Briefing of JODC

28 September 1993

1O:OO-12:OO Explanation of International Data Exchange Mechanism IOC/IODE/WESTPAC

13:30-16:OO Explanation of Station Data Management Data Items, Files, Archives, Quality Control, Products Exercise on Data Processing in Personal Computer (PC)

17:30- 19:30 Welcome Party

29 September 1993

1O:OO-12:OO Explanation of Tidal Data Management Data Items, Files, Archives, Quality Control, Products Exercise on Data Processing in PC

13:30-16:OO Explanation of Tidal Current Data Management Data Items, Files, Archives, Quality Control, Products Exercise on Data Processing in PC

30 September 1993

All Day Study Visit Japan Marine Science and Technology Center (JAMSTEC)

1 October 1993

1O:OO-12:OO Explanation of IGOSS/BT Data Management Data Items, Files, Archives, Quality Control, Products Exercise on Data Processing in PC

13:30-14:30 Explanation of New On-line Network System for the Department

14:30-16:OO Exercise on Data Management in PC and Work Station

Lecturer

Fujiwara, Ito

It0

It0

It0

It0

Tsuchiya

Shimizu

Suzuki

Baba, Suzuki

IOC Training Course Report No. 25 Annex I - page 2

4 October 1993

1O:OO-12:OO Explanation of Geophysical Data Management Files of MGD77 and J-BIRD, Products ..... Exercise on Data Processing in PC

13 : 30- 16:OO Explanation of Geophysical Data Management Exercise on how to Produce a Bird View Map

5 October 1993

1O:OO-1l:OO Explanation of Activity of Marine' Information Service Office

11 :OO-12:OO Explanation of Biological Data Management

13:30-16:OO Presentation of Trainees' Country Reports Introduction of Oceanographic Data Management Activities of Each Country of Trainees

6 October 1993

1O:OO-12:OO Explanation of E-Mail "Japan Oceanographic

Exercise on JOIDES Operation Information and Data Exchange System (JOIDES)

Nagao

Nagao

Aiura

It0

Shintate, Imai

13 : 30- 14: 30 Explanation of National Oceanographic Programmes (NOP) and Cruise Summary Report (CSR) Mechanism of NOP and CSR

Tsuchiya

14:30-16:OO Introduction of International Project Exercise on CSR Management in PC International Project

7 October 1993

All Day Study Visit National Space Development Agency (NASDA)

8 October 1993

1O:OO-10: 15 Course Evaluations

10: 15- 11:45 Closing Ceremony

Baba

Baba

13:30-16:OO Customized Special Study Jdvdual JODC Staff

IOC Training Course Report No.25 Annex I1

ANNEX I1

COUNTRY REPORTS

OCEANOGRAPHIC DATA MANAGEMENT AT THE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR OCEANOGRAPHY OF INDONESIA

by Rahmat

Introduction

The sea plays an important role in the daily life of the Indonesian people. The archipelago is located between 94'-140GE and 4'N-lloS. Roughly it consists of 13,667 islands, of which only 6,044 are named. Among these only about 992 islands are inhabited. The proclamation of the Exclusive Economic Zone by Indonesia resulted in an additional coastline of about 81,000 km long. About 75 % of the cities, with inhabitants of more than 10,000, are located near the coast. Therefore it is only natural for Indonesia to give considerable attention and effort to understand its seas.

In the last decade, there has been rapid progress in the development and utilization of marine resources corresponding to the outstanding progress of scientific technology in various areas. This progress resulted in an increasing demand for various information such as water temperature, ocean current, topography of the ocean floor, etc. A n enormous amount of money and time has been spent for research and data collection.

Marine environmental data is valuable not only for the primary users responsible for its original collection, but also for a wide range of secondary users.

In order to make data and information easily and quickly accessible, there is a need to develop a marine information system which provides such data and, information, either for research, or as an aid in decision making.

Type of Data Collected

Oceanographic data collected by the Research Development Centre for Oceanology (RDCO) of LIPI, can be divided into three major components:

(i) oceanographic cruise data; (ii) marine biological data; (iii) marine pollution.

Oceanographic Cruise Data

This data includes oceanographic data collected from about 1640 stations in Indonesian waters RDCO has developed a PC-based data management system with dBase III+ from fifty cruises.

software for archiving data and other software packages for data analysis.

The oceanographic cruise data collected are marine meteorological, physical, chemical and biological oceanographic data.

Since the launching of the new oceanographic R.V. BARUNA JAYA, measurements have been completed at 297 stations (Figure 1). Meanwhile, data collected since 1969 is still in the quality control process.

IOC Training Course Report No. 25 Annex I1 - page 2

Marine Biological Data

This data is the result of a biosystematic study of marine flora and fauna of Indonesian waters. A coastal living resources database system has been developed by RDCO, a standard database system for coastal living resources study among ASEAN countries. The database was developed under the ASEAN- Australia Co-operative Project on Marine Science. The data consists of four components:

(i) coral reef ecosystem data; (ii) mangrove ecosystem data; (iii) seagrass ecosystem data; (iv) softbottom community data.

The Indonesian coastal living resources data has been collected since 1987 from three areas i.e., Seribu Islands (a coral reef archipelago of Jakarta Bay), Ujung Kulon in West Java and Grajagan in East Java (Figure 2). About 70,000 records have been stored in the database.

Marine Pollution Data

Marine pollution data was collected in order to monitor the environmental condition of Indonesian waters, especially in the coastal areas. The pollution is generally caused by land-based human activities. The parameters of marine pollution to be monitored can be categorized into physical, chemical and microbiological parameter pollution at 2,055 stations, and are stored on floppy disks.

Data Management System

The marine resources management system requires the collection, organization, retrieval and processing of extensive data sets. With the increasing need of various kinds of information derived from that data, there is a tendency that data will be completely structured. Consequently, a modification is required on the original design of data management subsystem in order to provide a useful contribution to the overall system.

The design of the data management subsystem is a matter of selecting the most appropriate tradeoff between competing factors such as facility and cost of use and potential expansion. By analyzing the requirements imposed by other subsystems, the optimum tradeoff can be clearly identified. Therefore, it is important to establish the general requirements and to set up priorities before the design phase is carried out.

Hardware and Software

These activities were supported by several hardware and software. The hardware used were:

- three PCs AT/486 with hard disk - three PCs AT/386 with hard disk - one unit Micro Vax I1 with two terminals - one Plotter (HP Draftmaster) - some printers Laserjet and Dot Matrix).

The software of Micro Vax I1 used is Datatrieve and PC software is dBase III+ . The examples of database files created by RDCO-LIP1 using dBase III+ are STAMET.DBF (Station and Meteorological data base file) and PHYCEM. DBF (Detail database file).


Data Exchange

One of the missions handled by NODC was to disseminate data and information. In fact there were some problems faced by some countries in disseminating data and information, especially raw data exchange. The problem was mostly the concern of confidentiality of data, differing software formats and hardware configuration. It is difficult to overcome the problem of data confidentiality because it concerns personal rights and national policy. In 1987, Dr. R. Harger proposed a system in order to overcome the problems of data format and data confidentiality. H e proposed to use a standard form of data dictionary which is a secondary database. This database would contain a detailed description of the contents of each primary database. In this data exchange, users of individual databases should adopt a common approach to management by implementing this standard form. The advantage of this system is that although data cannot be distributed, each user would know what kind of data other users have via the data dictionary.

References

Harger, J.R.E. 1987 - Using Microcomputer/Information Technology for Development, Volume 2, Number 2, Oxford University, Press: 167-172.

Praseno, D. P.. 1986 - Marine Data Centre: Need for the existence of national marine data management. Paper presented at the Plenary Meeting of Indonesian Committee for Marine Research, Jakarta, 19-20 February 1986.

Soedibjo, B. S. 1989 - Sistem Pangkalan Data Kelautan. Konsep dan Perencanaan Pengembangan di Indonesia: Oseana, Volume XIV, Nomor 1: 1-10.


Figvrc 1. Baruna Jaya Cruise Track 1990 - 1991

1C'

C=

.?I

.I

1100 1200 130' 1.9 loto

Figure 2. The Coastal Living Resources areas.

IOC Training Course Report No. 25 Annex 11 - page 5

MARINE SURVEILLANCE AND INFORMATION SYSTEM: SEAWATCH THAILAND

by P. Singhasaneh

SEAWATCH THAILAND is a complete marine environmental monitoring and forecasting system which integrates data collection, data analysis, environmental modelling and forecasting with an advanced computerised system for distribution of marine information and forecasts to interested operators and/or authorities. This 3 years project is being implemented under close co-operation between the National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT), OCEANOR, the oceanographic company of Norway, and other involving parties, including the Harbour Department, the Meteorological Department, Port Authority of Thailand, Naval Hydrographic Department, Department of Fisheries, the Petroleum Authority of Thailand, Marine Police Division, Chulalongkom University, Kasetsart University, Prince of Songkla University, Burapha University, etc.

Data Acquisition Module

A real time data covering is provided by a network of moored data buoys (called TOBIS buoys), which includes meteorological parameters (wind speed & direction, air temperature & pressure) and oceanographic parameters (oxygen/algae/nutrient contents, waves, currents, temperature/salinity profile, radioactivity). The buoys have also their o w n data logging equipment, on-board processing (for data analysis & quality control), and a transmission system. The collected data are then transmitted to a shore station through the ARGOS satellite communication system on NOAA.

The total of seven buoys are planned to be deploycd in the gulf of Thailand under the programme.

Data Storage, Analysis and Presentation Module

ORKAN is a complete, flexible system for processing, presentation and storing of environmental data collected by the buoys. The system core is an efficient database for measured time series and output froin numerical models. It is supplied with a wide range of modules for data import and export, time and frequency analysis, and presentation tools for graphics and tables.

Environmental Modelling and Forecasting Module

A number of numerical modelling and forecasting software will be available under this programme. i ncl iidi ng :

NOMAD A model for siniulation of spreading and dilution of aqueous effluents and particulate discharges. It simulates diffusion and advection in a prescribed current field, by using the 'particle-in-fluid' concept. The discharge is represented as a cloud of particles released continuously during the discharge period. The pxrticles are either passively buoyant or assigned n prescribed sinkindrising velocity


determined by the size distribution and density of the discharged material. The ocean currents are prescribed from local current measurements (vertical profiles) or imported from hydrodynamic simulation models, like HYBOS. The concentration field is derived from the particles' distribution by weighting the individual particles into a grid with resolution chosen according to the length scale appropriate for the specific case.

HYBOS A 3D ocean circulation model for simulation of currents, sea elevation, salinity, temperature and density. The model is used to simulate ocean parameters in offshore and coastal regions, according to user's selected data input. The HYBOS ocean current simulation model is therefore specially useful in offshore design and operations, storm surge/current forecasting, estimation of mean water level, and water circulation/quality studies. T h e simulated currents fit into ie. discharge diffusion transport models like NOMAD, used in water quality studies. The horizontal grid spacing is varied using boundary fitted co- ordinates, thus making it easier for the user to control computation. Sigma transformation is used in the vertical dimension.

OILSPILL ' PC Forecast model for prediction of drift and fate of an accident oil spill at sea from offshore platforms or ships. The simulations are based on wind observations and forecasts and ocean current data (background currents and tides). The latter data are permanently stored in the OILSPILL database. Simulations are run on the basis of user-supplied wind forecasts. The OILSPILL model also accounts for loss of the type of oil involved, due to evaporation and entrainment in the water column. In order to make the program applicabIe to any specific region, relevant data must be made available on ocean currents and the specific oil types involved.

OILSTAT PC system for graphical presentation of statistical data on the drift of oil from potential oil spills in the offshore or coastal region of concern. OILSTAT is specially designed to be used in feasibility studies and contingency planning. The oil drift data stored in the system are computed in advance with a statistical trajectory model (DRIFTMAP). This model covers a large number of potential spill sites distributed in a regular grid. The output from the trajectory model for each spill site comprises minimum drift time to shore, probability for stranding and expected stranding of oil. The model also enables the user to extract oil drift data for specific offshore locations or coastline sections for graphical present at ion.


'Data/Forecasts/Users-Relevant In forma tion Distribution Module

A n information system or "THAINET" will be developed to allow users to have easy access to the various data collected and other derived information including the forecasts on a near real-time basis via PC terminals. The system will consist of different modules to perform the f o 11 o w in g tasks.

a communication with the data collection buoys for systematic data identification and recording.

laws/regulations related to marine activities. transfer of data to various users as well as those in-house in accordance with specified requests. system operation for the THAINET management. information extraction with generic and specialised models. presentation of all measured and analysed data.

input of external data sources including news, abstracts of reports, and

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Advantages of SEAWATCH THAILAND

SEAWATCH forecasts and data stored in the central database can be accessed through a personal computer via modem. The user whose livelihood depends on these information can use these information to support their decision making, such as;

1. Plaririirig, hlariagirig, arid Moriitot-irig Aqiia-citltiii-es Plaiits atid Commet-cia1 Fishing

Results from the models can be combined with information from other sources to generate suitability maps of fish-farm locations and fishing spots, which in turn, help fishermen save lots of money and man-power spent on random search.

THAINET provides not only information concerning weather conditions but also impending changes in the sea and/or advance warning of pollution threats such as oil slicks, poisonous algae, jellyfish and substandard water quality and advises on coun temeasures.

Further research can be done to set up strategies and inspection routines to reduce cage wear and tear, corrosion and marine growth in order to prevent cage damage and fish disease.

2. Etnit-otinietital Pi-eservatioti for- Toiir-ist Iridilstiy & Firtiire Generations

S o m e of Thailand's coastal valuables, namely beaches, coral reefs, and mangrove forests, etc., are being threaten by tourism, constructions, and environmental pollutants. Using SEAWATCH information, environmental monitoring and protection plans can be set up in order to conserve and maintain these national treasures.

3. Providirig Desist1 Pat-ometers for Otishore arid Offsshot-e Stt~ictirt-es

Environmental data is usually necessq for establishing design parameters for feasibility studies and designs of projected locations for production platforms, pipeline


Location Longitude Lattitude Deployment Date 1. Sichang Island, Cholburi 100.820 13.028 11-13 December 1991 2. Rayonp Bay. Rayong 10 1.225 12.500 11-13 December 1991 3. Chanp Island, Trad 102.050 12.145 17-20 December 1991

1

routes, harbours, oil terminals, and breakwaters, etc. These data includes data on wind, waves, currents, rate of marine growth, and rate of corrosion.

4. Plathong Platform 5. Tao Island, Chumporn

4. Atialysis of Marine Polliltion from Sewage Oucfalls, Itidirstry arid Ofishore . Iiistallations

101.440 9.700 21-25 July 1992 99.990 10.190 12 February 1993

SEAWATCH system can be used to monitor the water quality and organisms in the study area, and aid in the assessment of the long-term effects of environmental pollutant. Environmental investigation, such as, h o w a given pollutant will dilute and spread, h o w it will affect organisms in the area, and h o w much of the pollutant the environment can absorb without harm, can be carried out.

6. Songkhla 7. Huahin, Praiuabkirikan

5. Weather Forecast

101.161 7.207 10 March 1993 100.161 12.500 31 March 1993

Since each buoy is carrying its o w n meteorological station, the measured parameters can be used with data from other stations and/or other sources in the forecasting process.

Progress of the P r o g r a m m e

NRCT has successfully deployed all seven TOBIS buoys. The buoy-transmitted data is transferred from ARGOS office in France to NRCT on a daily basis. The data is then processed and stored in the central database.

The users can access the data in two ways:

1. Via modem communication. The commiinication between the user's remote PC and the central database is managed through a modem connection. The communication is asynchronous with the baud rate of at least 2400, preferably higher. The desirable speed is 9600.

2. formats which can be generated by the database:

B y requesting hard copies directly from NRCT. The followings are the repon's

Table of Parameters 0 Joint Occurrence Table 0 Time Series Plot

Rose Vector Diagram 0 Progressive Vector Diagram 0 Extreme Parameter Analysis


For further details of the programme, please contact:

SEAWATCH THAILAND Programme National Resexch Council of Thailand 196 Paholyothin Road, Chatuchak Bangkok 10900 Telephone : 562-0427-9 Telefax : 561-3035, 562-0429

Conclusion

The SEAWATCH THAILAND programme is being established through networking of data collection buoys. The observed data can be integrated with data from other sources or used as an input to various numerical models. Results from the models can be further combined with the information from the buoy network to produce user oriented forecasts. The distribution of marine environmental data and forecasts is a PC based system that would allow users to log on and retrieve the information directly.


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SEAWATCH THAILAND

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I NSTRUrENT TOE IS

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KO-TUO, THAI-5 Is

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

O m O m 1993.08 .O I- (993.08.3 1 LT

National Research IVRCT Council of Thailand

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LOCAT I ON KO-TOO , THA 1-5

STATION H M S L INSTfUiTNT HEIGHT CBSERVATICN PERIOO 2 O m O m 1993.08 .O I - 1993.08.3I LT I pRoTcT National Research IVRCT Council of Thailand

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Summary s ta t LS t ics

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I NSTRUrENT TOEIS - SEAVATCH VERSION

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National Research NRCT Council of Thailand

STATISTICS

NUflEER CF OBSERVATIONS: 25s SAMPLING INTERVAL:

36CO a INSTRUflENT TYPE: TOJIS - SEAWATCH VERSION

P R o ~ c T F I GURE 1

flAXlMUfl VALUE I MAGNITUOE: I I m/s O I R E C T I O N : 28 VECTOR flEAN flAGN I TUOE : 5.3 m/s 0 I RECT I ON : 250° MEAN MAGNITUOE: 5.8 m/s

flAXlflUfl VECTOR COPIPONENTS (m/sl

N: 4 E: I s: 8 w: I I

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Summary s to t is t ics

Current d irec t ion HI STOGRAfl

I Ns I HUrtN I TOBIS - SEAWATCH VERSION

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LOCAT I ON STATION HAM% I NSTRUEENT DEPTH KO-TOO , THA 1-5 63 O m * 3 m

PROXCT National Research 1 . . IVRCT Council of Thailand

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STATISTICS

I NUMBER OF OBSERVATICNS: 267 I

I SAHPLING INTEaVAL: I 3600 a INSTRUMENT TYPE: TO815 - SEAWATCH VERSION

I MAXIMUM VALUE I MAGNITUOE: 42 cm/s DIRECTION: 93' VECTOR flEAN MAGN I TUOE : 9 .e cm/s o I RECT I ON : 335' MEAN flAGNITUOE: 13.2 cm/s MAXIMUPI VECTOR COMPONENTS (cm/el

DIRECTIONAL STABILITY: 74 z

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MAX. SPEED (crn/sl I

NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS

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LOCAT I ON I STATIN 1 HAflSL I INSTRUMENT HEIGHT DGSERVATION PEFIIOO 1993.08 .O 1 - 1993.08.3 1 F I GURE

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SEAWATCH THAILANO INSTRUEENT TOE I S

LOCAT I ON STATION HAflSL KO-TOO , THA 1-5 5 O m


INSTRUPENT HE I GHT OESERVAT I CN PE3 IO0

F I GUAE O m 1993.08 .O 1- 1993.08.3 I LT

2 1


STATUS OF OCEANOGRAPHIC DATA MANAGEMENT IN VIETNAM by Nguyen Hong Chau

Introduction

Vietnam is situated in the Southeast Asian monsoon tropical zone of the Western Pacific, possessing a large sea area, with a shoreline of more than 3,200 km. The coastal zone is characterized by a typical tropical ecosystem, such as: mangrove forests, coral reefs, coastal lagoons, etc. Therefore the sea plays a very important socio-economical role for our people at present, as well as in the future.

Marine research in Vietnam began in the 1920s with the establishment of the Institute of Oceanography in Nha Trang - the first and unique marine research institution in the Indochina region at that time.

Since 1975, corresponding to every State Five-Year Plan of socio-economical development, a National Marine Research Programme has been organized, with the participation of different marine scientific institutions of the country. It is now carried out covering all the sea area, with financial support from the State. At the same time, there were different marine research projects in co- operation with scientific institutions of foreign countries, or sponsored by international organizations mainly in the fields of hydro-meteorology, geology-geophysics, marine biology and ecology, exploration for gas and oil..

Marine research activities in this period are characterized by promoting a study on the most important marine processes of small and mean scale in the Vietnam sea area and in the Bien Dong Sea (South China Sea) to understand the characteristics and the dynamics of these processes, concerning marine resources and environment of the Vietnam sea in a regional context. Utilization of modern methods and techniques such as remote sensing, informative techniques and mathematical modelling were also encouraged in marine research during this period.

In accordance with the above-mentioned marine research activities, the Vietnamese National Oceanographic Centre (VNODC) was founded in 1990 by joint efforts of the Vietnamese Committee for IOC and the National Centre for Scientific Research. At present, VNODC is the unique civil organization in Vietnam responsible for: (i) applying informatic and telecommunication technology in oceanographic data management; (ii) searching for an appropriate way to create an integrated oceanographic database on a national scale; (iii) representing the national co-ordinator in the IODE Programme and (iv) providing oceanographic data services in co-operation with related institutions.

The conditions for VNODC’s activities can be specified as follows:

Unfavourable

Budgetary restrictions and strongly scattered data source; Oceanographic data and information cannot be used effectively in almost all branches of national marine production activities. Therefore the demands for them are quite modest.

Favourable

Qualified and cheap workmanship; Recent achievement of PC technology, especially CD-ROM techniques.

IOC Training Course Report No. 25 Annex I1 - page 18 Some Initial Results

Decentralized Model

Since 1991, VNODC has been able to overcome the principal financial and organizational difficulties, experimental implementation of the decentralized model was started on the basis of analysis as follows:

there is no need to build a large new institution;

and causing unemployment in related institutions;

be enough to quickly stabilize the state of the country’s datahformation flow.

- it is possible to involve large workmanship without maintaining a big permanent staff

good activities of only two operative branches (OB1 + OB2) or (OB2 + OB3) will -

According to the decentralized model VNODC will maintain its own traditional relations, seek new ones and conduct negotiations with the related institutions in order to organize the unique system of the Operative Branches (see Figure 1). The results of this implement are briefly described in the following paragraph.

Working Place and Hardware Communication

VNODC’s working area consists of two work rooms and a store room, with a total area of 60 m2. The hardware configuration is able to meet the technical requests for important OceanPC and experimental CD-ROM projects.

At present, VNODC has two PCs-386, one PC-486 SX and peripherals including a digitizer and CD-ROM reader (see Figure 2). The hardware permits to effectively handle the integrated database on floppy disks, to read CD-ROMs and to accomplish almost all kinds of oceanographic datahnformation service including small publications.

Organization

The permanent staff of VNODC is very small and consists of five people. The core (scientific collective) of the flexible staff, that is formed according to the concrete data management project consists of fifteen people. Five scientists with a Doctorate degree are on the team. There are two groups in VNODC:

- processing and exchange of oceanographic data and information; - archiving and publishing.

VNODC has two branches in the Marine Hydro-meteorological Centre and the Institute of Marine Products.

Since July 1993, VNODC has administratively belonged to the Institute of Oceanography. Figure 3 shows the present administrative organization scheme of the Institute of Oceanography.

Software and Software Interface

Almost all the Data Base Management System (DBMS) of VNODC has been developed in WINDOW 3.1 Environment. There are three main groups of software: Geographic Position Management (GPMS), Image and Chart Management System (ICMS) and Printer Manager. GPMS and ICMS are being developed by VNODC’s flexible staff sponsored by the National Centre for Scientific Research.


GPMS is developed under the directorship of X. N. Dr. Hoang based mostly on the experiences gained after the training course at JODC and studying the Project CD-ROM NOAA-01. The experimental version of GPMS is written in BC-7 environment, which allows it to run all modules written in Microsoft GW-Basic, FORTRAN 77 and C. The core of BC-7 environment is the programme’s development system BASIC 7.0.

The version GPMS 01 will be accomplished when the version GF3 level 4 for PCs will be available for VNODC.

ICMS is being developed under the directorship of V. H. Dr. Nguyen in co-operation with the Data Centre of the General Department of Geology. This is rather a more complicated project than GPMS. Although ICMS is developed basically in the environment of ACAD 1.1 and FOXBASE, access to GPMS’s database is available.

At present, the experimental data update and data service programmes of GPMS and ICMS have been successfully tested. Both systems are able to accomplish various kinds of data services.

Software projects related to oceanographic data management, VNODC has initiated CDS/ISIS the project, that intends to develop computerized marine information management. Thanks to the help of the Institute of Scientific and Technological Information, the version ISIS 2.3 has been customized for Vietnamese and installed in one of our PC-386. An experimental ISIS database consisting of more than 2,000 references related to ASFIS has been created, but does not satisfy international standards.

Products of VNODC Data/Information Service

Data Base Management Systems (DBMS) was translated into Vietnamese, this step was necessary for future Vietnamian users.

Creation of a support programme for visual quality control. This programme is very useful for debugging or finding data errors.

Creation of a programme service including data selection, data on paper or on floppy disks, data presentation in graphics.

The existing hardware, software database and international relations allow VNODC to successfully begin datahformation services at local and national levels. Three typical kinds of products are:

(i) Free-of-charge data service for the national oceanographic community. For example, CD- ROM NOAA-01 has been updated into GPMS data base and the concrete form of free of charge data service has been transmitted to relative institutions. This kind of service is welcome everywhere in our country;

(ii) Commercial data service via World Commercial Network of Data Banks. service is not attractive for local users due to high costs;

This kind of

(iii) Small number of low cost publications. VNODC intends to become an important publisher of marine science literature in Vietnam. At the moment three various examples of publications are presented. VNODC has successfully reduced the cost to lower than 20 cents per unit.

International Co-operation

International co-operation is one of the most important fields of VNODC’s activities.


Traditionally the Vietnamese oceanographic community provided its contribution to the international programmes only via co-operation with USSR and USA. It is a pity that regional co- operation is in a very poor state of development. With the establishment of the Open Door Policy VNODC has the possibility to take part directly in many international programmes and to enlarge its relation with the regional NODC. Since 1992, the most important international activities are:

participation in the International Workshop on Oceanographic Data Management at JODC (November);

01 and to submit them to WODC-A; to establish relations with JODC, IODC, NODC-NOAA, WODC-B, WODC-A, International Council for Exploration of the Sea (ICES).

- to accomplish the requested comments on the experimental CD-ROM project NOAA-

Besides the above-mentioned activities, VNODC tries its best to create favourable conditions for all visitors from the regional NODC’s.

Acknowledgements

I especially thank IOC and JODC for providing m e with financial support to attend the training course at JODC. I would like to express m y sincere hope that the knowledge provided by the course will be applied successfully to accomplish m y tasks at VNODC.


7

OB1 . .-

IB ' 1kr. ou2 M{IC OB3 TBRC OB4

I

MC GOGD

- - - X X

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-. . . . .. .

. .- - *

7 .--,=+

Comments:

IO - Institute uf 0l;eanography; IMF - Institute of Marine Production; NHC - Marine IIydro-nirteological Center; TBRC - Tunkirk Bay Research Ccatcr;

M C - Ministry of Communication; GOGD - Cerlernl Oil and Gas Department; OBi (i = 1 - 4) - Operative Branch;

Nh/lRP - National Marine Research Program,

big. 1. Decetrtralized model of NUUC


Mg.2 - Hardwiue and Software wcre used in VNODC INSTI'L'U'I'E OF OCEANOORAPHY

I

Fig.3 - Adminivlrativc organization scheme of Institute of Ocwrilrlography

IOC Training Course Report No. 25 Annex I11

TRAINEES

ANNEX I11

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Mr. Rahmat Research and Development Center for

Jalan Pasir Putih 1, Ancol Timur P.O. Box 4801 Jakarta 1 1048 INDONESIA

Oceanology - LIP1

Tel: 62-21-683850 Fax : 62-21-681948

Dr. Pitan Singhasaneh National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT) 196 Phaholyothin Road Jatujak Bangkok, 10900 THAILAND

Tel: 662-562-0427-9 Fax: 662-561-303s

662-562-0429

Dr. Nguyen Hong Chau Vietnam National Oceanographic Data Center Trung tam tu lieu bien Vien Khoa hoc Viet Nam Nghiado-Tu liem -Hanoi VIETNAM

Tel: 84-43-58333 ext 1209 Fax: 84-43-52483

LECTURERS

Mr. Nobuo FUJIWARA (Responsible) Mr. Tomotaka IT0

Mr. Yoshio SHIMIZU

Mr. Keiji AIURA Mr. Takashi SUZUKI Mr. Michi’hiro NAGAO Mr. Hiroto IMAI Mr. Norio BABA Mr. Alura SHINTATE Mr. Yasuo TSUCHIYA

(Course Organizer)

(Course Coordinator)

(Local Arrangements)

all at:

Japan Oceanographic Data Center, Hydrographic Department of Japan 5-3-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku. Tokyo 104 Japan

Tel: 81-3-5565-7080 Fax: 8 1-3-3545-288s E-mail: T.MORI/OMNET

IOC Training Course Report No. 25 Annex IV

ANNEX IV

LIST OF PARTICIPATING COUNTRIES IN TRAINING COURSES FROM 1982 to 1993

1st:

2nd: 16 -28 May 1983

3rd: 4 - 16 Jun 1984

4th: 2 - 14 Sep 1985

5th: 8 - 20 Sep 1986

29 Mar - 9 Apr 1982

6th: 7 - 19 Sep 1987

7th: 26 Sep - 8 Oct 1988

8th: 25 Sep - 7 Oct 1989

9th: 15 - 26 Oct 1990

10th: 24 Sep - 9 Oct. 1991

11th:

12th:

28 Sep - 9 Oct. 1992

27 Sep - 8 Oct. 1993

Republic of Korea, Philippines, Thailand

China, Indonesia, Malaysia

China, Republic of Korea, Vietnam

Philippines, China, Vietnam

China, Republic of Korea, DPR of Korea Malaysia (2), Thailand

China, Philippines, Thailand

Republic of Korea, Thailand, Vietnam

China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand Republic of Korea

Indonesia, Republic of Korea, Vietnam

Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines Thailand (2)

Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand

Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam

SUMMARY

China DPR Korea Indonesia Malaysia Rep. Korea Philippines Thai 1 and Vietnam

Total 43

IOC Training Course Report No.25 Annex v

ADCP BASIC BATHY CD-ROM GEBCO GF-3 GTSPP IGOSS

IHO IOC

IODE J-BIRD JAMSTEC JODC KDD KER LAN

ANNEX v LIST OF ACRONYMS

Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler

Beginners Bathythermograph Report (of IGOSS) Compact Disk used as Read Only Memory IOC/IHO General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans General Format 3 (promoted by IODE) Global Temperature Salinity Pilot Program

Integrated Global Ocean Service System

International Hydrographic Organization Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission

International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange (of IOC/Unesco) JODC’s Bathymetry Integrated Random Datasets Japan Marine Science and Technology Center Japan Oceanographic Data Center Kokusai Denshin Denwa Co.Ltd.

Kuroshio Exploitation and Utilization Research Local Area Network

MAFWOLMON Marine Pollution Monitoring Programme MGD-77 MS-DOS NGDC NODC NOP OH OJT PC RESTEC RNODC ROSCOP TESAC VENUS-P WAN WESTPAC WOCE

Marine Geophysical Data Format Disk Operating System of Microsoft National Geophysical Data Center (of USA) National Oceanographic Data Center National Ocean Program

Over Head Projector On-the-Job-Training

Personal Computer Remote Sensing Technology Center of Japan

Responsible National Oceanographic Data Center Report of Observations/Samples Collected

Temperature, Salinity, Currents (of IGOSS) KDD’s international packet network Wide Area Network

IOC Sub-Commission for the Western Pacific World Ocean Circulation Experiment

IOC/JODC Training Course on Oceanographic Data Management ... · "Hydrographic Activities of the...

Documents

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