Introduction to the Industrial Revolution

Introduction to Industrial Revolution Video

Main Question/Objectives What events sparked the Industrial Revolution?

By the end of the lesson, the student will be able to: Explain the events leading up to the Industrial

Revolution

Investigate the long term effects which innovations had on the revolution

Detail the works of an inventor and the benefits of the invention

Importance The Industrial

Revolution was “the age, above all, in history, of matchless opportunities for penniless men with powerful brains and imaginations” -Paul Johnson

Life Begins to Change

Prior to the revolution, people lived and worked in small farming villages.

In 1750, most people made a living working the land using handmade tools.

Made their own clothing and grew their own food. Exchanged goods at a local market

Few people left their home or had knowledge of the world beyond their village.

The Industrial Revolution changed these elements of life drastically.

Beginning of Interconnections

With the progression of the Industrial Revolution, the rural way of life began to disappear.

By the 1850’s, many country villages had grown into industrial towns and cities. People were able to buy clothing and food that

someone else produced.

People began to move rapidly between countries and continents by train or steamship.

Innovations in Revolution

Spinning Jenny-1764Invented by James Hargreaves

Allowed one person to spin many threads at once, further increasing the amount of finished cotton that a worker could produce. By turning a single wheel, one could now spin eight threads at once, a number that was later increased to eighty.

Steam Engine-1769Invented by James Wyatt

In the cycle, water is heated and transforms into steam within a boiler operating at a high pressure. When expanded through pistons or turbines, mechanical work is done. The reduced-pressure steam is then condensed and pumped back into the boiler.

Steam Powered Train-1814

Stephenson used the steam engine to create a steam powered train, which would eventually allow increased communication and trade between places before deemed too far.

Farming Methods Improve Educated farmers began to share ideas and

experiments through journals. Began mixing soils and crop rotation

Jethro Tull’s seed drill-distributing seeds in rows as opposed to wastefully scattering them

Enclosure Causes Migration

Enclosure: the act of taking over and consolidating land previously owned by peasant farmers Allowed more land for sheep farming and

larger fields

British Parliament facilitated this with legislation

Many farm laborers were thrown out of work and small farmers were forced off their land Villages began to shrink

People moved to towns and cities for work

Population Increases Agricultural improvements contributed to rapid growth in

population.

When people have surplus, they are allowed to focus energy on more than merely surviving. Reduced risk of famine with more food

Better hygiene and sanitation slowed death from disease

Reasons for the population explosion

1. Increase in agriculture production

2. Better hygiene and medical care

3. Women eating healthier during pregnancy

British population: 5 million in 1700 to 9 million in 1800

European population: 120 million in 1700 to 180 million in 1800

New Technology’s Role

Energy Revolution The steam engine opened up the door to

operating machinery and also powering locomotives.

Quality of Iron Improves Abraham Darby began experimenting with

metals

He began to produce less expensive parts for the steam engines

High quality iron could be used more widely, especially in building railroads.

Sales Presentation Today, you will be presenting your invention

to the sales board to support your innovation’s contribution to the world.

You can choose any of the following: Steamboat, Steam Powered Train, Spinning

Jenny, Medical Anesthetic, Telegraph & Morse Code

Your trifold should include Brief bio of the inventor

Description of the invention

Benefits of the invention

An illustration of the invention or someone using it

3-5 Sentences