Introduction to Medical Terminology Chapter 9 … Ch 9 The Urinary...Introduction to Medical...
Transcript of Introduction to Medical Terminology Chapter 9 … Ch 9 The Urinary...Introduction to Medical...
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Introduction to Medical Terminology
Chapter 9 The Urinary System
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Functions of the Urinary System• Elimination of waste products
– Toxins– Drugs
• Regulate aspects of homeostasis– Water balance– Electrolytes– Acid-base balance in the blood– Blood pressure
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Organs of the Urinary system
• Kidneys (2)• Ureters (2)• Urinary bladder (1)• Urethra (1)
Figure 15.1a
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Regions of the Kidney
Figure 15.2b
• Renal cortex – outer region
• Renal medulla – inside the cortex
• Renal pelvis – inner collecting tube
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Nephrons• The filtering units
of the kidneys• Responsible for
forming urine• Main structures of
the nephrons:GlomerulusRenal tubule
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Glomerulus• Each nephron contains a
glomerulus• A specialized
capillary bed• Surrounded by a
membrane called the Bowman’s capsule
Figure 15.3c
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Common Disorders of the Urinary System
Uremia• Also known as
uremic poisoning• A toxic condition
caused by excessive amounts of urea and other waste products in the bloodstream
Figure 15.3b
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Ureteralgia
• Pain in the ureter(s)
• Often caused by a stone, also known as a calculus, in the ureter
Figure 15.3a
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Pyelonephritis
An inflammation of the renal pelvis and of the kidney
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Cystolith
A calculus in the urinary bladder
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Dysuria
• Difficult or painful urination
• Can result from infection, calculi or injury
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Enuresis• The
involuntary discharge of urine
• When it occurs during sleep, it is also known as nocturnal enuresis or “bedwetting”
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Diuresis
The increased excretion of urine
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KUB
• A radiographic study of the kidneys, ureters and bladder
• Also known as a flat-plate of the abdomen
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Nephropexy
The surgical fixation of a floating kidney