Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls...
Transcript of Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls...
![Page 1: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Introduction to Head and Neck
Anatomy
![Page 2: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all
body activities within limits that maintain life
• Three basic functions
1. sensing changes with sensory receptors
2. interpreting and remembering those changes
3. reacting to those changes with effectors (motor function)
2
![Page 3: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Cranial nerves 12 pairs
Spinal nerves 31 pairs
![Page 4: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The PNS is divided into :
1- Somatic nervous system (SNS)
2- Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
![Page 5: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Sensory (Afferent) vs. Motor (Efferent)
e.g., skin
e.g., muscle
Gray’s Anatomy 38 1999
sensory (afferent) nerve
motor (efferent) nerve
(pseudo-) unipolar neurons conducting impulses
from sensory organs to the CNS
multipolar neurons conducting impulses
from the CNS to effector organs (muscles & glands)
![Page 6: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Organization
6
Integration Motor Sensory
SNS
(Sensory)
ANS
(Sensory)
Brain
Spinal
cord
SNS
(Motor)
ANS
(Motor)
![Page 7: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Neurons
cell
body
dendrites
axon with
myelin sheath
synapses Moore’s COA5 2006
• Dendrites: carry nerve impulses toward cell body
• Axon: carries impulses away from cell body
• Synapses: site of communication between neurons using chemical
neurotransmitters
• Myelin & myelin sheath: lipoprotein covering that increases axonal conduction
velocity
![Page 8: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
1. Multipolar neurons
Usually have several dendrites and one axon
Motor neurons
2. Bipolar neurons
Have one main dendrite and one axon
The retina of the eye
3. Unipolar neurons (pseudounipolar neurons)
Sensory neurons
Structural classification
of neurons
![Page 9: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
1. Ganglion (plural is ganglia) a cluster
of neuronal cell bodies located in the
PNS.
2. Nucleus (plural is nuclei) : a cluster of
neuronal cell bodies located in the
CNS.
Clusters of Neuronal Cell Bodies
![Page 10: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• A nerve: is a bundle of axons
that is located in the PNS.
Cranial nerves connect the brain to
the periphery
Spinal nerves connect the spinal
cord to the periphery
• A tract: is a bundle of axons
located in the CNS.
Bundles of Axons
![Page 11: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Structure of Spinal Nerves: Somatic Pathways
dorsal root Sensory ganglion
ventral root
spinal nerve
dorsal ramus
ventral ramus
somatic sensory nerve
somatic motor nerve
Mixed Spinal Nerve
![Page 12: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Structure of Spinal Nerves: Dorsal & Ventral Rami
spinal nerve
dorsal ramus
somatic sensory nerve
somatic motor nerve
Territory of Dorsal Rami
(everything else, but head, innervated by ventral rami)
ventral ramus
Stern Essentials of Gross Anatomy
dorsal root Sensory ganglion
![Page 13: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Impact of Lesions
Disruption of motor (efferent) neurons
(paralysis)
somatic sensory nerve
somatic motor nerve
![Page 14: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Impact of Lesions
Disruption of sensory (afferent) neurons (paresthesia)
somatic sensory nerve
somatic motor nerve
![Page 15: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Impact of Lesions
somatic sensory nerve
somatic motor nerve
Disruption of motor (efferent) neurons
(paralysis)
Disruption of sensory (afferent) neurons (paresthesia)
![Page 16: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Impact of Lesions
somatic sensory nerve
(GSA)
somatic motor nerve
(GSE)
Disruption of sensory (afferent) neurons (back paresthesia)
Disruption of motor (efferent) neurons
(paralysis of deep back muscles)
![Page 17: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
SNS
PNS
ANS
Sensory
Motor
Sensory
Motor Parasympathetic
Sympathetic
![Page 18: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
• ANS is the subdivision of the peripheral nervous
system that regulates body activities that are generally
not under conscious control
• Visceral motor innervates non-skeletal (non-
somatic) muscles
• Composed of a special group of neurons serving:
– Cardiac muscle (the heart)
– Smooth muscle (walls of viscera and blood vessels)
– Glands
18
Autonomic nervous system
![Page 19: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Divisions of the autonomic nervous system
• Parasympathetic division
• Sympathetic division
Serve most of the same organs but cause
opposing or antagonistic effects
19
Parasysmpathetic: routine maintenance
“rest &digest”
Sympathetic: mobilization & increased metabolism
“fight, flight or fright” or “fight, flight or freeze”
![Page 20: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Basic anatomical difference between the motor pathways of the voluntary somatic nervous system (to skeletal muscles) and those of the autonomic nervous system
• Somatic division: – Cell bodies of motor neurons reside in CNS (brain or spinal
cord)
– Their axons (sheathed in spinal nerves) extend all the way to their skeletal muscles
• Autonomic system: chains of two motor neurons – 1st = preganglionic neuron (cell body in brain or cord)
– 2nd = postgangionic neuron (cell body in ganglion outside CNS)
20
![Page 21: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
• Axon of 1st (preganglionic) neuron leaves CNS to synapse with the 2nd
(postganglionic) neuron
• Axon of 2nd (postganglionic) neuron extends to the organ it serves
21
autonomic
somatic
Note: the autonomic ganglion is motor
this dorsal
root ganglion
is sensory
![Page 22: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
CNS ganglion
preganglionic
neuron
postganglionic
neuron
glands
smooth
muscle
cardiac
muscle
![Page 23: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Ganglia
• Ganglia Are Masses Of Neuronal Cell bodies,
Usually Defined As Being Outside The Central
Nervous System. They Seem To Act As
Coordinating Way Stations.
• Two type Ganglia:
• 1. Sensory. 2. Autonomic
23
![Page 24: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
Sensory ganglion
Sensory ganglia do not receive synapses
![Page 25: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
Autonomic ganglion
Autonomic ganglia do contain synapses
![Page 26: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Autonomic Nervous System Similarities between Sympathetic & Parasympathetic
• Both are efferent (motor) systems: “visceromotor”
• Both involve regulation of the “internal” environment generally
outside of our conscious control: “autonomous”
• Both involve 2 neurons that synapse in a peripheral ganglion
• Innervate glands, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle
![Page 27: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Sympathetic
CNS ganglion
short preganglionic
neuron
Parasympathetic CNS ganglion
long preganglionic
neuron
Overview of the Autonomic Nervous System Differences between Sympathetic & Parasympathetic
Relative Lengths of Neurons
long postganglionic
neuron
target
target
short postganglionic
neuron
![Page 28: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Autonomic Nervous System Differences between Sympathetic & Parasympathetic
Location of Preganglionic Cell Bodies
Thoracolumbar T1 – L2 levels of
the spinal cord
Sympathetic
Craniosacral Brain: CN III, VII, IX, X
Spinal cord: S2 – S4
Parasympathetic
![Page 29: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Structure of Spinal Nerves: Somatic Pathways
dorsal root Sensory ganglion
ventral root
spinal nerve
dorsal ramus
ventral ramus
Mixed Spinal Nerve
![Page 30: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
spinal nerve
dorsal ramus
ventral ramus
gray ramus communicans white ramus
communicans
sympathetic ganglion
Structure of spinal nerves: Sympathetic pathways
![Page 31: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31
Sympathetic ganglia are the ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system
They are located close to and on either side of the spinal cord in long chains
![Page 32: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Sympathetic ganglia are the ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system
They are located close to and on either side of the spinal cord in long chains
There are usually 22-23 pairs of
paravertebral sympathetic
ganglia:
3 in the cervical region
(cervical ganglia)
11 in the thoracic region
4 in the lumbar region
4-5 in the sacral region
1 unpaired coccygeal ganglion
Preganglionic nerves from the spinal cord synapse at one of the chain ganglia,
and the postganglionic fiber extends to an effector
![Page 33: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Parasympathetic ganglia lie near or within the
organs they innervate
Parasympathetic ganglia in the head and neck:
1- Ciliary ganglion (sphincter pupillae, ciliary muscle)
2- Pterygopalatine ganglion (lacrimal gland, glands of nasal cavity)
3- Submandibular ganglion (submandibular and sublingual glands)
4- Otic ganglion (parotid gland)
![Page 34: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
The numbering of the cranial nerves is based
on the order in which they emerge from the
brain, front to back
![Page 36: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Foramina of skull and cranial nerves passing through
![Page 37: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Component: Sensory
Function: Smell
Origin: Olfactory receptor nerve cells
Opening to the Skull: Openings in
cribriform plate of ethmoid
![Page 38: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Component:Sensory
Function:Vision
Origin:Back of the eyeball
Opening to the Skull: Optic Canal
![Page 39: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Component: Motor
Function:
Raises upper eyelid
Turns eyeball upward, downward and
medially, upward and laterally
Constricts pupil
Accommodates the eye
Opening to the Skull: Superior orbital fissure
contains parasympathetic
III- Oculomotor
![Page 40: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Component: Motor
Function: superior oblique turns eyeball
downward and laterally
Opening to the Skull: Superior orbital fissure
![Page 41: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Component: Motor
Function: Lateral rectus muscle turns eyeball laterally
Opening to the Skull: Superior orbital fissure
![Page 42: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
V. Trigeminal Nerve
Mixed (sensory and motor)
Large sensory root
Small motor root
![Page 43: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Component: Sensory
Function:
Cornea
Skin of forehead
Scalp
Eyelids and nose
Mucous membranes of paranasal
sinuses and nasal cavity
Opening to the Skull: Superior orbital fissure
![Page 44: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
o Component: Sensory
o Function:
o Skin of the face over maxilla
o Upper lip
o Teeth of the upper jaw
o Mucous membrane of the nose, the
maxillary sinus and palate
Opening to the Skull: Foramen Rotundum
![Page 45: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
o Component: a. Motor
o Function:
o Muscles of mastication
o Mylohyoid
o Anterior belly of digastric
o Tensor veli palatine
o Tensor tympani
o Opening to the Skull: Foramen Ovale
![Page 46: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
• Component: b. Sensory
• Function:
• Skin of cheek
• Skin over mandible and side of head
• Teeth of lower jaw and TMJ
• Mucous membrane of mouth and anterior part of
tongue
Opening to the Skull: Foramen Ovale
![Page 47: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Trigeminal nerve
Sensory part
![Page 48: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Trigeminal ganglion
![Page 49: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Ophthalmic division
![Page 50: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Maxillary division
![Page 51: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Mandibular division
![Page 52: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Component: Mixed
Function:
Motor • Muscles of the face and scalp
• Stapedius muscle
• Posterior belly of digastric
• Stylohyoid muscles
Function:
Sensory • Taste from ant. 2/3 of tongue
contains parasympathetic
![Page 53: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Opening to the Skull: internal acoustic meatus,
facial canal, stylomastoid foramen
Function: parasympathetic
• Submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
• Lacrimal gland
• Glands of nose and palate
![Page 54: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
o Component: Sensory
Function:
o Vestibular – utricle , saccule, semicircular canals –
position of head
o Cochlear – Organ of Corti - hearing
Opening to the Skull: Internal acoustic meatus
![Page 55: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Component: Mixed
Function:
Motor • Stylopharyngeus
muscle
Function:
Sensory • General sensation and taste
from post. 1/3 of the tongue and
oropharynx
• Carotid sinus and carotid body
Function:
parasympathetic
• Parotid gland
contains parasympathetic
Opening to the Skull: Jugular foramen
![Page 56: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Component: mixed
Function:
Heart and great thoracic blood vessels
Larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs
Alimentary tract from pharynx to splenic
flexure of colon
Liver, kidney, pancreas
Opening to the Skull: Jugular foramen
contains parasympathetic
![Page 57: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Component: Motor
Function:
Cranial root: Pharyngeal plexus
Spinal root: Sternocleidomastoid
and trapezius muscle
Opening to the Skull: Jugular foramen
![Page 58: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Motor to the muscles of the tongue
![Page 59: Introduction to Head and Neck Anatomy - JU Medicine...2019/01/15 · Nervous Tissue • Controls and integrates all body activities within limits that maintain life • Three basic](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022011820/5ea49ddcf0a3c63eae6ebdd7/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Pure sensory:
Olfactory
Optic
Vestibulocochlear
Pure motor:
Oculomotor
Trochlear
Abducent
Accessory
hypoglossal
Mixed (motor and sensory):
Trigeminal
Facial
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Contains parasympathetic
(secretomotor):
Oculomotor
Facial
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus