Introduction to HCI
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Transcript of Introduction to HCI
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Introduction to HCI
• Today’s agenda– Team 3: Hall of Fame / Hall of Shame– Why think about Design?– What is Design?– Where do ideas come from?
• brainstorming• the morphological box
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Design
• Why design? • Two tracks: design project, design process
– Process and product get equal weight– Scenario-based design is just one method!
• Developing a content design vocabulary• Developing a process design vocabulary• Do, reflect, do
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WHAT IS DESIGN?A survey of ideas about design and
designing.
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Design is defined in terms of…
• Method• Product• Goal
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The OED defines design as:
• A plan or scheme conceived in the mind and intended for subsequent execution; the preliminary conception of an idea that is to be carried into affect by action; a project.
• To mark out; to designate; to name.• To sketch.
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Design is problem solving.
[cognitive science]
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Design occurs in the tension between what is and what ought
to be.
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“Form follows function.”
[Louis Sullivan]
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“Design is a mode of action.”
[Charles Eames]
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Design is an act of individual heroic creation.
[Howard Roarke in Ayn Rand’s The Fountainhead]
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Design is form-giving.
[translation of “design” from Norwegian]
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Design is a social activity.
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Art Sci
ence
Engine
erin
gDes
ign
[Rich Gold]
Design is just one of
the four creative
disciplines
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Design is making something new that fits with reality.
[Harrison & Stults]
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“Good designers copy; great designers steal.”
[Steve Jobs, after Pablo Picasso]
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To design is to manipulate representations of an imagined
future reality.
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Design is the science of the imaginary.
[Herbert Simon]
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Design is the art of the imaginary.
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Design is the engineering of the imaginary.
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Imagination and Representations
• The mind sees what the ear hears
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Imagination and Representations
• The ear hears what the eye sees.
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Most invention is design.
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Some design is invention.
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Design is appearance.
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Good design increases sales; great design creates market
leaders.[Raymond Lowey]
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Values collide when people design; good design reflects good
values.
[Batya Friedman]
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“God is in the details.”
[Ludwig Mies van der Rohe]
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Design is evocative.
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Design is a reflective practice.
[Donald Schon]
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Design is optimization.
[engineering]
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Design research is pattern-finding; designing is pattern-
applying.[Christopher Alexander]
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Iterate.
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Debug this into reality.
[hackers’ creed]
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Design process: Enumerate aspects of solution space,
evaluate each one.
[Zwicky, Whittle, Card]
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Design addresses wicked problems. [Horst Rittle]
• Wicked problems have no definitive formulation, but every formulation corresponds to a formulation of a solution.
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Design addresses wicked problems. [Horst Rittle]
• Wicked problems have no definitive formulation, but every formulation corresponds to a formulation of a solution.
• Wicked problems have no stopping rules.
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Design addresses wicked problems. [Horst Rittle]
• Wicked problems have no definitive formulation, but every formulation corresponds to a formulation of a solution.
• Wicked problems have no stopping rules.• Solutions to wicked problems cannot be
true or false, only good or bad.
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Design addresses wicked problems. [Horst Rittle]
• Wicked problems have no definitive formulation, but every formulation corresponds to a formulation of a solution.
• Wicked problems have no stopping rules.• Solutions to wicked problems cannot be
true or false, only good or bad.• There is no exhaustive list of admissible
operations to finding a solution.
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Design addresses wicked problems. [Horst Rittle]
• For every wicked problem there is always more than one possible explanation.
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Design addresses wicked problems. [Horst Rittle]
• For every wicked problem there is always more than one possible explanation.
• Every wicked problem is a symptom of another higher level problem.
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Design addresses wicked problems. [Horst Rittle]
• For every wicked problem there is always more than one possible explanation.
• Every wicked problem is a symptom of another higher level problem.
• No formulation of problem and solution has a definitive test.
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Design addresses wicked problems. [Horst Rittle]
• For every wicked problem there is always more than one possible explanation.
• Every wicked problem is a symptom of another higher level problem.
• No formulation of problem and solution has a definitive test.
• The problem solvers (designers) are fully responsible for their actions.
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Click to add your definition
….
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Each Definition Implies a…
• Different relationship of designer to:– user– client– customer
• Different way of measuring the outcome• Different way of thinking about use
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WHERE DO IDEAS COME FROM?
The first of many methods for and reflections on design ideation.
Brainstorming Morphological Box
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Brainstorming
Developed in response to “group think” Basic rules:
Someone keeps list so everyone can see No idea is too wild No evaluation Silence does not mean “DONE”
Fun and “light weight”
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The Morphological Boxa.k.a. Zwicky BoxScope requirements spaceLay out the design space
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FOR NEXT WEEK(Dr. North)
Tuesday: Team 4 HoF/S Thursday:
First Team Report: Requirements Read Chapter 4 Team 5 HoF/S