Introduction to GIS

Introductions

Introductions

•Your name•Where you work•Your professional field•Have you used GIS before?•What we expect to get from this training?

Course Times

9:00 AM to 11:45 PM (Morning Session)

11:45 AM to 1:00 PM (Lunch Break)

1:00 PM to 4:00 PM (Afternoon Session)

Course Schedule

Morning Session Introduction to GIS Demo & Execerise:

Navigate ArcMap Attribute and Location Queries

Afternoon Session Navigate ArcCatalog Compose Maps Edit and Create Data

Location, Location, Location

Almost everything that happens, happens somewhere. Knowing where? and why? something happens & why do I care? is critically important!

‘Pin map’

So … what is mapping ?So … what is mapping ?

Understanding Patterns Relationships Processes

Conceptualizing Modeling Visualizing

Geography is the Science of Our WorldIncreasingly Being Seen as a Framework for

. . . Integrating. . . IntegratingWhat We KnowWhat We Know

Data - Data - DataWe’ve all “got data”

Location DataLocation Data

-- How Many -- What Kind -- Where-- How Many -- What Kind -- Where Scale of DataScale of Data

-- Local to Global-- Local to Global Data PresentationData Presentation

-- Words, Charts, Graphs, Tables, or Maps-- Words, Charts, Graphs, Tables, or Maps

Exploring data using GIS turns Exploring data using GIS turns datadata into into informationinformation into into knowledgeknowledge

How is information normally ‘seen’? … non-spatially?

How do you “see” your data?

VisualizationVisualizationWorth a Thousand Worth a Thousand WordsWords

What is GIS?

A method to visualize, manipulate, analyze, and display spatial data

“Smart Maps” linking a database to a map

What is GIS?

A geographic information or geographical information system (GIS) is a system for creating, storing, analyzing and managing spatial data and associated attributes. Data – Accuracy and

availability. Hardware – Performance of

GIS functions Software – GIS and other

support software People – The most

component in a GIS. The people who create and manipulate the system to produce products

• Spatial location- usually Spatial location- usually geographic locationgeographic location

• Information – visualization of Information – visualization of analysis of dataanalysis of data

• System – linking software, System – linking software, hardware, datahardware, data

• Personnel – a thinking explorer Personnel – a thinking explorer with procedures using GIS to with procedures using GIS to manipulate, analyze and present manipulate, analyze and present information information

GIS … a ‘spatial blend’ of location & information

GIS is a TOOL!

Displaying and editing data

Querying and analyzing data

Charting and reporting data

Creating layouts

A tool that you apply …

Title bar

Menu bar

Standard toolbar

Table of Contents

Data Frame

Layers

Tools toolbar

Layout toolbar

Data/Layout View

Context menu

Components of a GIS

Combining Data From Many Sources

Data For GIS Applications

Business, Survey, & Demographic Purchased, donated, free

(Internet) Created by user

Databases -- Tables of data (such as address, permit, etc..)

GPS -- Global Positioning System – Accurate locations

Remote Sensing and Aerial Photography

Where is GIS used?

Planning for government, education, & military Environmental – Monitoring & Modeling Public Safety – Fire, police & medical Homeland security (first responders are local

cities!!) Business & Industry – Site Location, Delivery

Systems & much, much more …

Concepts are most importantSoftware can be learned more easily

What remains constant: GIS is a powerful tool

Mapping for Visualization Spatial Analysis

What changes frequently Data formats User interfaces, inclusion of additional

capabilities (e.g., 3D, spatial statistics)

GIS strengths

More efficiently visualized updates Easy and effective display Good database management system for spatial

information Able to integrate data from many different

sources (but…)

GIS Weaknesses

Cost and difficulty of database creation Higher accuracy, higher costs Integration of data from diverse sources can

result in poor overall accuracy if not well managed

ArcGIS Desktop Licensing ArcGIS is comprised of three levels of Licensing:

Arcview, ArcEditor, Arcinfo

Tool availability is dependant upon licensing type

Extensions have to be purchased at extra cost and

do not come with the three basic licensing types

What is ArcGIS Desktop ?

ArcGIS Desktop is an integrated suite of advanced GIS applications and interfaces, including ArcMap, ArcCatalog, ArcGlobe, ArcScene, ArcToolbox, and ModelBuilder. Using these applications and interfaces, you can perform any GIS task, from simple to advanced, including mapping; geographic analysis; data editing,compilation, and management; visualization; and geoprocessing. ArcGIS Desktop is scalable to meet the needs of many types of users. It is available at three functional levels:

ArcView focuses on comprehensive data use, mapping, and analysis.

ArcEditor adds advanced geographic editing and data creation.

ArcInfo is a complete, professional GIS desktop product containing comprehensive GIS functionality, including rich geoprocessing capabilities.

ArcGIS Extensions

ArcGIS Components

ArcMap is primary display application, and perform map-based tasks.

ArcCatalog is a window to browse and manage your data

ArcToolbox is a set of tools for geographic process functions.

What is Arcmap

ArcMap is the central component in ArcGIS Desktop for all map-based tasks, including cartography, map analysis, and editing. ArcMap is a comprehensive map authoring application for ArcGIS Desktop.

ArcMap offers two types of map views: a geographic data view and a page layout view. In geographic data view, you work with geographic layers to symbolize, analyze, and compile GIS datasets. A table of contents interface helps you organize and control the drawing properties of the GIS data layers in your data frame.

What is ArcCatalog

ArcCatalog helps you organize and manage all your GIS information (maps, globes, datasets, models, metadata, services, and so on). It includes tools to:

Browse and find geographic information.

Record, view, and manage metadata.

Define, export, and import geodatabase schemas and designs.

What is ArcToolbox ArcToolbox is embedded in ArcCatalog and ArcMap and is

available in ArcView, ArcEditor, and ArcInfo. Each product level includes additional geoprocessing tools. ArcView supports a core set of simple data loading and translation tools as well as fundamental analysis tools; ArcEditor adds tools for geodatabase creation and loading; and ArcInfo provides a comprehensive set of geoprocessing tools for vector analysis, data conversion, data loading, and coverage geoprocessing. ArcView provides more than 80 tools in ArcToolbox, ArcEditor provides more than 90, and ArcInfo gives you approximately 250.

Introduction to GIS

What is GIS? GIS Software Start Exercise

Introduction to GIS: ArcMap Data Frame (Map) properties

Settings for how map is displayed Map units (feet, meters, miles, etc.) Reference scale

Usually the scale that you will plot the map Coordinate system

Automatically set to same coordinate system as first layer in table of contents.

Bookmarks Create custom views of your map

Introduction to GIS: ArcMap Layer properties

Settings for how layers are displayed Scale dependent display

Controls which scale a layer is visible Data source Symbology Definition query

A SQL Expression that controls which features are visible in a layer

Labels

Introduction to GIS: ArcMap

Data sources Data layers are not embedded in the ArcMap

project. Data layers reference .shp files, geodatabase

feature classes, coverages, CAD files or images Standalone tables including .dbf, Excel or

geodatabase tables.

Introduction to ArcMap

Find Parcel 047-332-002 What land use is it? (identify)

Find intersection & Address Duarte St. and Eastern Ave.

What water feature is near the parcel? Find 231 W Main (label by right click)

Measure ROW (measure tool)

Find Coordinate Lon -115.5165, Lat 32.9916 What’s the location?


ArcMap Selecting features

Set selectable layers Selection tool Add/remove features from selection set Switch selection


Selecting features using Queries Select by Location

Uses geographic relationships of data to select features. e.g. Select parcels within city boundary

Select by Attribute Uses a SQL expression to select features in the attribute

table. e.g. Select commercial parcels

Use Statistics What is total? What’s average size?


Exercise: Combination query, attribute and location

How many residential parcels within 1 mile of airport? (1,318)

Create New Data Open Attribute Table Create Field and Calculate Sq. Ft. Export to Dbf. Open in MS Excel


Session II

Introduction to GIS: ArcCatalog Browse and preview data

.shp Geodatabase feature classes CAD Image Tables

Connect to data Metadata

Metadata Editor Thumbnails

Introduction to GIS: XY Data Open Text file for La Puente Open file in MS Excel Add data

City Boundary Apply a definition query to a layer

Add Streets

Introduction to GIS: Creating a Map Add data

City Boundary Apply a definition query to a layer

Add Land use and Symbolize layers Default symbology Import Layer

Add Street and group links

Introduction to GIS: Creating a Map Create labels with labeling tool

Label classes Freeway Highway Major Arterials Minor Arterial

Create a Bookmark City Limits

Exercise Find Address 401 S. Ventura Street Ojai, CA 93024

Create Bookmark Make shape file and buffer Make Land use transparent

Bring in Aerial from ESRI

Introduction to GIS: Creating a Map Create a layout Add map surrounds

North arrow Scale bar Legend Title Block

Export to .pdf

Introduction to GIS: Creating data Optional, if time permits: Open ArcCatalog Create Geodatabase Create new domain in geodatabase Create new feature class Apply domain to field in feature class attribute

table.

Introduction to GIS: Editing data Optional, if time permits: Edit a feature class

Add a new feature Edit a feature attribute Edit a feature shape

Conclusion

Javier Aguilar

[email protected]

(213) 236-1845

Thank you for coming

Introduction to GIS

Documents

Transcript of Introduction to GIS